WWI's Civilians, the Homefront, and an Uneasy Peace: Crash Course European History #34

[@genius11433]

"How you fight war matters, and how you end war matters." A good thought to end on.

[@ethank5059]

And no matter what came of the Paris Peace it was probably always going to be incredibly problematic. Many of the entente nations had vastly different reasons for entering the war. Trying to fulfill imperial obligations while also promising "self determination" to different ethnic groups in multi ethnic areas is a recipe for disaster. The war officially ended in 1918 but even in 1919 virtually every major power was still fighting another war somewhere. If every country is still at war can the war really be over?

[@Aereto]

Otherwise The World War causes World War 2: Chimney Boogaloo.

[@Gemmabeta]

Another group outraged by the Treaty of Versailles was China, which, despite being a Allied Nation (and provided large amounts of materiel and laborers for the war effort) was completely snubbed at the Paris Conference. The German colonies in and around Shandong Province--which China was hoping to get back as reward for helping to defeat Germany, was instead given to Japan. This act sparked country-wide protests and anti-government violence in China (May Fourth Movement), and the legitimacy and authority of the Nationalist Chinese government was severely weakened. One of the protest groups founded during this turmoil was the Chinese Communist Party. And the rest, as they say, is history.

[@dominic.h.3363]

Cry me a river, Hungary lost 2/3rd of its territory, and all it had to do with the war is that their oppressors and main aggressors were treating it as their own domain, so it was treated as such.

[@nikoskanak6551]

The appereance of the May the 4th Movement and the CCP had much deeper socio economic reasons than just the way China was treated by its allies.

[@Gemmabeta]

@@dominic.h.3363 It's not a race, my dude.

[@laatmemetrustkutgoogle8896]

@@dominic.h.3363 except that Hungary was an equal partner in the Austro-Hungarian empire and had a say in stopping in de-escalating the situation but didn't.

[@dominic.h.3363]

@@laatmemetrustkutgoogle8896 Equal... riiight. They did what they were told by the Habsburgs ever since 1686.

[@erraticonteuse]

"This is not a peace; it is a ceasefire for 20 years." -Allied Commander in Chief Ferdinand Foch* *Or possibly Winston Churchill, but he claimed Foch said it.

[@silesiaball9505]

I think it was Foch

[@jacobbabson6786]

Yeah, the "peace" was pretty Foched up

[@andrewchan4042]

@@jacobbabson6786 HAHAHAHA

[@awilbroappears]

It's a very popular quote, but people rarely know why he really said it. Foch didn't think the treaty was too harsh. In fact, he thought the treaty was not harsh enough. Foch lost his only living son during the war and had no love for the germans as millions of his countrymen died (highest casualty rate per capita of all war participants) He believed occupation of the Rhineland was the only way to control Germany.

[@firstlast-pq1tx]

I guess centuries of awful peace treaties in europe made it extremely predictable

[@briankivuti]

I was just having the experience of realising again just how HIGH QUALITY Crash Course is. I'm really glad this exists in the world.

[@alejandronasifsalum8201]

"Inflation, the most underrated historical force". 😱 So true... even in Argentina, where it is like: tango, football and inflation.

[@zackerycooper1206]

I feel like this quote should have been said by Pope Francis in “The Two Popes”

[@dezodroya]

He did say it

[@fridahan588]

When John doesn’t speak fast and smile as much: 🙃😞

[@addiet6078]

:(

[@fairlylonely]

Class used to get the fill in notes papers and I would be annoyed when he talked super fast but now... I kind of miss it 😓

[@LizzyNotSoPro-Subscribe-]

Yeah hes carrying the whole educational system on his back.. I wouldn't smile either

[@saturnsparklez244]

Robert Han y’all from tiktok too?

[@kingwassabii1254]

Saturn Sparklez Instagram yuh

[@MeetYourDarkSide]

I watched these through high school and still watch you as a grown adult. Thank you for helping my friends and I see how interesting and useful history really is

[@epsilonjay4123]

If you are doing the Russian Revolution, this is very important: BE DETAILED OR YOU WILL MISLEAD PEOPLE. Talk about it from both sides, and include discussions of the Mensheviks, the SRs, and how different communists had different beliefs. I've watched Hank and John's videos from all of your channels for a long time, but it is very important that you get this part correct. The Russian Revolution is something that too many people have misconceptions about.

[@HistoryHustle]

The violent aftermath of WW1 in Central and Eastern Europe is also very fascinating (as well as complicated) and these complicated conflicts deserve attention.

[@Artur_M.]

I strongly agree. For anyone interested I recommend multiple videos on the channel of the author of the above comment. ;) Also, the Between Two Wars series on the TimeGhost Channel, created by the people who used to work on the Great War channel and ongoing even more in-depth coverage of this period on the aforementioned Great War channel.

[@chaseskalon3622]

Indeed, Good Sir, Indeed....wait....don't you cover this topic (on several occasions but in different ways) as well? 😁

[@Noidonteatbabiesstopasking]

Yeah you never really hear about them despite how important they were.

[@Big_E_Soul_Fragment]

"Peace is just a prelude to a new war"

[@VashdaCrash]

If you end it wrong, that is. Also you have to win to do that.

[@gf1917]

@@VashdaCrash It's a bit like politics. Being a charismatic showman gets you elected but doesn't mean that you'd be a good and benevolent leader for your country. Just like winning a war doesn't mean that you can make a good and lasting peace. The "WW1 Peace Treaties" show was run by utterly ignorant and sometimes even spiteful people.

[@VashdaCrash]

@@gf1917 It can look like that indeed, even if you only watched this video about it.

[@productgeneration]

look at how the war ended, and how the Paris Peace Conference and the treaties that resulted did little to heal the societal wounds of the war, and in many ways set the stage for the next big war.

[@gf1917]

Not just the next big war. Minor but heated ethnic conflicts still exist in Eastern Europe, too.

[@MarkyMark1221]

And all the starving oppressed people living in communist regimes

[@gf1917]

@@MarkyMark1221 Eh, while it's true that the dissulotion of Austria-Hungary created a power vacuum (that eventually got filled by the Warsaw Pact) and that the Western Powers' guarantee was a joke (see: Munich Agreement), the Paris Peace Treaties were far from causing the rise of communist regimes in Eastern Europe.

[@KimberlyLetsGo]

@@gf1917 I disagree. The people, not just the country, were being punished. They were looking for a 'savior' to get them out of their situation. Here comes Hitler.

[@gf1917]

@@KimberlyLetsGo I'm not sure which part you're disagreeing with because I agree with you.

[@iansalisbury5523]

I love this channel, you have helped with my social studies and my knowledge in history, thanks!

[@petemagnuson7357]

I'll caution you that crash course is a great introduction to the subjects, but they aren't infallible and often have to simplify some things to cover the material in a reasonable amount of time. It's a good jumping-off point, but you should continue to expand your knowledge of things that interest you with other, deeper sources. In any case, I'm glad you're getting more into this sort of stuff! Too few people care about it.

[@KimberlyLetsGo]

@@petemagnuson7357 Same can be said of textbooks. The study of these subjects can't be given in a single video or even a single book. That's why there are people have devoted their lives and created life-long hobbies of studying these subjects. And, might I add, today's studies of the wars totally negates anything I learned in school during the 70's. So much that I was taught was slanted. Like, we were taught that 'we' easily won the wars. Well, that's not true at all! So, whilst the topic can't be covered quickly, they sure are more reliable than what was studied pre-Reagan years.

[@tartheleo8637]

I havent watched your videos since highschool, I'm not even in school right now and havent been for a bit and have no reason to be watching this. Through these videos you were there for me for YEARS. I'd clutch exams with last minute study/crash course binges. Coming back after years to see how different you look hit me with a mass wave of nostalgia and I couldn't help but tear up. You've no clue how much I've changed since watching your videos, or any of your viewers. I hope you know how much of an impact you've had on us tho.🤧

[@martinsriber7760]

Czechoslovakia. It's called that way because it included Slovakia. And between world wars it also included Subcarpathian Ruthenia. What map shows as Czechoslovakia is Czech Republic.

[@petemagnuson7357]

Technically Slovakia was part of Hungary until Hungary got broken up a little while later. I suspect the nation might have still been called Czechoslovakia in the Austria treaty in anticipation of the Hungarian division, but I'm not sure. Tldr the map might be technically right but also kinda wrong.

[@martinsriber7760]

@@petemagnuson7357 Nope. Czechoslovakia upon its foundation consisted of Bohemia, Moravia, Czech Silesia, Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia. Treaty of Trianon established exact borders.

[@Gosudar]

*Czechia. The term "Czech Republic" refers specifically to the period of 1990-present and should be used only in this context. "Czechia", which literally means the Czech state/country/land(s) regardless of the form of government, would be more appropriate here.

[@Fatortu]

The Treaty of Trianon was signed a year after the Treaty of Versailles. The map shows what was internationally recognized between the ratification of the two treaties, even though Czechoslovakia did already control most of Czechoslovakia.

[@martinsriber7760]

@@GosudarCzechia is just short name for Czech Republic, which btw exists since 1993. I used term correctly. What maps shows as Czechoslovakia is modern Czech Republic.

[@pliteni]

“How you fight a war matters...and how you end one matters too” no truer words spoken.

[@MHeymann]

WW1: pretty intense eh? Spanish flu: hold my beer

[@Justaguywhoisretired]

World war III: pretty intense, eh? Corona Virus: hold my beer.

[@digitalbrentable]

Imagine surviving the horrors of WWI only to die of the flu immediately after.

[@MHeymann]

@@digitalbrentable exactly!

[@adamdymke8004]

@@digitalbrentable Or returning from WW1 and discovering that the flu had killed your entire family.

[@lhfirex]

I'm glad Crash Course History doesn't try to cover big wars and nothing else, since way too much of history focuses on it. But man am I glad that when it's necessary, you guys always knock it out of the park in covering wars in a good, meaningful way that's relevant outside of the usual recounting of battles and treaties.

[@agactual2]

John seems far less depressed than he did when this latest series started. Good for him.

[@shankieinthefridge]

Being a historian, I was really hoping you guys would go beyond the conventional way of telling the history of WWI and am so happy you did. Hopefully you'll do the same for WWII. For instance, a couple of years back I contributed to a large international project that treats 1936-1948 as a period of transnational civil conflicts. Still going on, I think. Keep up the good work!

[@bobbobby299]

Our 5th grade class watched crash course US history every day and we loved it. Im in 11th grade now .I’m glad to see this again but it makes me sad to see that he sounds so exhausted. He doesn’t have that high energy and it doesn’t seem like he enjoys this anymore. I hope you get some rest Mr. Green and do stuff that you love.

[@JoseCastillo-hn9gi]

John I hope you're doing fine we are all here for you!!!

[@skitch4143]

I absolutely love the Crash Course History videos. I really hope John Green does another Crash Course Literature series soon.

[@JLmad100]

On a Totally different subject. I mostly see you thru Crash Course. Saw you on ’60 Minuets’ last night. Great interview; thought I knew a few things about you but so much more I did not know. Keep up your good work!

[@brutechieftain9321]

Wait! Did he insinuate we should eat the rich, because I'm ready and hungry!

[@eruno_]

No war, but class war!

[@IkeOkerekeNews]

Cannibalism is great! Worked out for the Donner Party....

[@hugoiwata]

But you are the Rico!

[@ois999]

Lol... you eat the rich l, you'll destroy society itself... another one that has no idea of what he is talking about. Just look at Soviet Union under Stalin and Mao's China to see the million of corpses as the result of that idea.

[@DFloyd84]

Yes. They taste like veal.

[@NoCluYT]

This is what our teachers wanted. For John to talk slower and not be as enthusiastic. We need John back!!

[@seanfan1500]

I still cannot imagine how this only came out a day ago...I thought the videos of this part of history came out years ago...yay to relaunches!

[@amanib3955]

john getting old and depressed on us🥺

[@tetronadionoxide5275]

Thank you crash course. You are a godsend even 3 years later

[@DaDunge]

Great episode, no major complaints. Much better than last week's episode.

[@soumyadeepbora8282]

LOVE THIS CHANNEL

[@dmnemaine]

A lot of people in the comments section don't seem to understand that this is an overview of European history, and not an in-depth study. That's why it's called "Crash Course". There is no possible way that an overview can take in every minute aspect of what happened. The writers must of necessity pick and choose what material to present. Whining about how this country or that country wasn't included, or what events weren't mentioned is kind of silly. Give them a break. Crash Course is doing an excellent job with this series.

[@alydamarincovich5704]

you should do an episode on Ireland around this time because things get really crazy for a decade or so from about 1912 to 1923.

[@ijw2009]

Yey new video today. Great series John as always

[@karlkarlos3545]

"Inflation, the most underrated historical force!" I see what you did there, John Green.

[@Der_Thrombozyt]

More like "undervalued"... eh?

[@RamdomView]

12:16 Unfortunately, they neglected to force the true rulers of Germany; Ludendorf, Hindenburg and Mackensen to sign the treaty. This allowed them to blame/delegitimize the new government.

[@ignacejespers8201]

@Star Star Why not Austria? I can understand the point of Serbia, but Russia?

[@ignacejespers8201]

@Star Star But Austria made the ultimatum knowing very well Serbia couldn't accept it without losing a fair bit of sovereignty and that Russia would definitely not let it pass. It could all be considered to be a ploy used by the Austrian general staff to ease their minds. "Whelp, at least we tried resolving it peacefuly." Not to mention Serbia accepted all the other points of the ultimatum.

[@RoonMian]

@Star Star Russia did pay dearly. Remember that Russia didn't even "win" their part of the war. They had surrendered to Germany before the end and the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was harsh for the (at that point defunct) Russian Empire which lost about 1/3 of its entire population. It wasn't nearly as harsh as the treaties the central powers were hit with though, like the Treaty of Versailles. Russia did not have to pay monetary reparations and didn't get any territory annexed. The territory they lost were lands that were part of the Russian Empire but not actually Russian, e.g. Finland and Ukraine, which were to be protectorates of the central powers for the time being but should have become independent before long. Only territory that Russia had annexed from the Osman Empire just 50 years before went back to it and that was territory Russia had no place in ruling in the first place. I'm talking about modern day Armenia and parts of modern day Turkey itself. In light of how relatively magnanimous the central powers were towards Russia it's all the more stark how harsh the treaties against the central powers were.

[@stefanpleiner7379]

@@ignacejespers8201 Austria was also blamed for the war. It is stated in the treaty of St. Germain

[@stocktonjoans]

no christians or jews, only germans? i can't wait untill the next episode when we see how well that worked out :/

[@fionafiona1146]

Still "negative integration", look it up, having a literal enemy does not alter propaganda.

[@RoonMian]

At that time it was true though. Wilhelm II's own personal antisemitism aside, in the German Empire Jewish people were well integrated. Jewish men were even raised into Prussian nobility, like Abraham Oppenheim, who had belonged to the inner circle of Emperor Wilhelm I. Hell, Otto Frank, father of Anne Frank, was proud of his service in WWI and even recipient of the Iron Cross. If you had asked folks in 1918 which country would commit the largest genocide in history on the Jewish people 20 years later, your answer would have been either France, remembering the Dreyfus-Affair, or Russia, with their many pogroms of the time.

[@TheDragonOfWhi]

'The Deivl's Porridge' is a museum in the south west of scotland about the women who came to work at the munitions factory in WW1 (and WW2), it's a nice little museum that tells the story of those womans war efforts and the risks they went through.

[@clarissebeauchamp4970]

You guys are awesome!!!! Just awesome!!! I love how you tell the stories and how your storytelling compels us to examine our understanding of humanity and wonder, "Is there still any chance of doing this better or are we condemned to the same biases, blind pride, arrogance, and all-and-out stupidity that has preceded every moment of human history? Thank you for doing what you do and thank you for doing it so well.

[@aishanikomath3836]

since most of crash course history videos are from like 6-8 years ago it's so weird for me to watch them the day they came out

[@whoisfluffy3476]

That happened to this man. Haven’t watched videos later than 2015 and now he looks like he’s aged far more than he has!

[@aggressivepizza2394]

5 year of aging, a beard and a bit of weight gain is all.

[@tiffanyl8338]

john i appreciate u a lot thanks for helping with school :)

[@Euphorest]

I watched the tiktok with the guy who had the wattpad tab open and I had to come see John just to see if it was true

[@j.ari.6471]

Same bruh😂😂

[@EricWillard20]

@JOHNGREEN If you didn't frequently mention the fact that your pronunciation is poor I would have a mind to correct you a thousand times, but since you say it in a way that is so self-deprecating I have no option but to give you a pass and enjoy the videos anyways without prejudice. Thanks for all you guys do, much appreciated!

[@Spiarmf]

I really do miss the larger humorous spin on the older Crash Course series. So much of the world is far too melancholy these days. I just enjoyed escaping into humor and education, together. I believe that it truly did help me feel just a bit happier.

[@MegapiemanPHD]

When you think about it, everything we got going on today with war goes back to ww1 if not farther. It never really stopped.

[@Aereto]

And we had to thank France/UK for the longest baguette shafting in history.

[@jindrichdolejs623]

If you are talking about Czechoslovakia, you might try to include the ''Slovakia'' part on the map

[@jasicjan]

they forgot us, my brother. again :(

[@alin-mihai]

At least you were mentioned. They again did not even mention Romania and the role we had on the eastern front.

[@gf1917]

@@alin-mihai I hope he'll talk about Romania at least during WW2. Not mentioning it until Ceausescu would be a disgrace.

[@AdamSmith-gs2dv]

@@gf1917 Like talk about how you guys cooperated with the Nazis? Yea might want to skip that...

[@gf1917]

@@AdamSmith-gs2dv If you only talk about those parts of history that put you in a positive light, then it's not talking about history, it's propaganda.

[@DaDunge]

3:30 Some context for that is that Jews had successfully pushed for citizenship in the decades prior to the war, which meant they now did military service and in the war Jews had some of the best participation per capita on the German side. This was a social contract they had wilfully entered into and were proud to uphold.

[@billboyd2009]

Interesting to hear that Jews had to earn their citizenship by doing military service. I wonder were there any other groups that got the rights of citizendhip but did not have to do military service?

[@DaDunge]

@@billboyd2009 No you misunderstand me all citizens were required to do military service in Germany, it did not earn you the right to be a citizen, being a citizen meant you had to serve, and that wasn't just the case in Germany it was the case in most other European countries at the time (and many countries have citizen's service militaries to this day) in fact France had it's citizens serve for twice as long as Germany did, which meant the french military in 1914 was second only to the career military british soldiers in how well trained they were. Unfortunately for France almost all of those men were dead before Christmas due to outdated tactics.

[@billboyd2009]

@@DaDunge women too?

[@DaDunge]

@@billboyd2009 Not in ww1. But the modern countries who have it sometimes extend it to women.

[@billboyd2009]

@@DaDunge precisely but why didn't the femunists protest this inequality? They wanted votes on the same basis as men - the same advantages but not the same responsibilities it seems!

[@Argacyan]

Kinda interesting that 100 years ago we coined the term Homefront and nowadays there's a huge effort not to remind people, and to mock the idea, that their action at home fuels a global machine for war and oppression (at least in the american case).

[@stafer3]

We live in the most peaceful period in human history and the first time in human history there is more people in the middle class than in poverty. Such thing never happened until now. It was always like 90% being poor for millennia. And yet you are describing this abnormal period of few decades as “global machine for war and oppression”.

[@Argacyan]

stafer3 *For americans specifically, cause that's the reality of their situation and their unchecked military industrial complex. Also it's not true globally speaking, which I assume you mean the entire world there, that more people were middle class than in poverty. Inequality has some years ago overcome ancient egypt levels and are at their highest in human history with roughy 20% of the world living on a dollar a day. The only point where you're roughly right is that there's the least amount of war statistically speaking - which ties into the american army being the major contributor to the remaining wars and on a complete sidenode the american empire, on the point of oppression, supporting and propping up flat out at least 3 out of 4 dictatorships in modern history.

[@stafer3]

@@Argacyan Number of people in extreme poverty (living from less than 1,90$ per day) - adjusted for inflation and price differences between countries 1910 1,29 billion in extreme poverty (455 million not in extreme poverty) 1950 - (start of American hegemony) 1,60 billion in extreme poverty (923 million not in extreme poverty) 1990 - (end of cold war, America remaining as only superpower) 1,90 billion in extreme poverty (3,4 billion not in extreme poverty) 2020 604 million in extreme poverty (7,1 billion not in extreme poverty) Let me make that for you in percentages: 1910 - 74% people in whole world lives in extreme poverty 1950 - 63% 1990 - 35% 2020 - 8% So I have question for you. If only 8% of whole world lives from less than 1,90$ a day, where exactly did you get your numbers for 20% of population living on dollar a day?

[@IkeOkerekeNews]

@@Argacyan Source for your claims?

[@thedeadpeatr]

Really cool episode as usual, but the map at 11:56 is very misleading... Hungary was also dismantled completely shortly afterwards at the treaty of Trianon.

[@petemagnuson7357]

misleading yes, but I think it's technically kinda correct since that's a different treaty. I don't like it, but I can see a shred of logic in it.

[@gf1917]

I half-agree. That image is titled and Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye - 1919 and it shows precisely that. That being said, they should have mentioned that in the following year the Treaty of Trianon further dismantled the Kingdom of Hungary, since it was kiiiinda important for the region.

[@Trowa71]

These past couple episodes alongside 1917's release has had me in a deep Great War research binge. We are capable of hellish actions.

[@cathykeller5113]

Trowa71 it is really such a complex terrible fascinating period. Now Historians are really changing our understanding of colonial troops and involvement. There’s no end to the rabbit hole that is WWI reading

[@apokatastasian2831]

Dan carlins hardcore history

[@eliscanfield3913]

Fun fact, My paternal grandparents were in elementary school during WWI. Grandma was a year older than my youngest maternal grandparent's mom. (They adopted Dad rather late.)

[@MisterTipp]

In my university in Lund, we treat the first world war and the second as one big war with a small cease fire. The connections between the two are too great to ignore.

[@alejandronasifsalum8201]

These episodes on the "seminal tragedy" of the 20th century really got me craving for a "Crash Course History of the 20th Century". Maybe just the "short" one, in Hobsbawm terms. Just saying...

[@cathykeller5113]

Alejandro Nasif Salum I’m game. The 20th Century is such a time of rapid change. There’s SO MUCH fascinating history there!

[@petemagnuson7357]

11:47 I know it's part of a different treaty and this map is probably technically accurate, but the way you show Hungary here being undivided and don't mention its later dismemberment kinda bothers me.

[@varana]

The whole map is ... weird. Just look at Austria and the borders within that blob of Hungary. I have no idea what went wrong there, but it was _a lot_ . Edit: And Poland. And the Adriatic coast. And Romania. Man, that is a bad map. :D

[@petemagnuson7357]

​@@varana ​and western Austria seems to exist in the light background colors but isn't colored yellow for... some reason. It's all very odd, but the maps in this series have generally been rough/jagged outlines so I'll give it a pass, for now.

[@gf1917]

Agreed. The Treaty of Trianon was very important for the region and not talking about it seems to be a major omission.

[@alejandroojeda1572]

To this day quite a few hungarians still hold a grudge because of the treaty of trianon. I was in budapest for the aniversary....and I was shocked at how many people seemed to go with the protest

[@Adaginy]

0:54 -- The German sign reads, roughly, "City cooking-wagon / warm lunch / Serving: 35 pfennig (pennies, cents) " ... The small lines on the bottom, even more roughly, "Brought to you by the Berlin folk's-kitchen club of [18-something]", folks kitchen being something like a cafeteria/soup kitchen -- a small cost gets you a bowl of whatever they've made in bulk that day. 3:54 -- fatherland's women's club.

[@sera2729]

Thanks!

[@Jacob-jg6cd]

The period between World War I to World War II was just a long intermission. No one was really at peace.

[@ScootsMcDootson]

Ferdinand Foche said, this isn't a peace it's an armistice for 20 years.

[@Madhattersinjeans]

Indeed. There was a LOT of civil strife in every country in Europe at this time. It was a huge series of events that all cascaded into various political extremes and unfortunate catastrophies.

[@AbbeyRoadkill1]

Some historians collectively refer to World Wars I and II as "The Second 30 Years War" which I think makes more sense.

[@GugSport]

It's funny to think about it, pretty much one year ago we were at the same point in this century as the end of WWI was in the last one, and look how different the world was by the end of the millennium. It's very difficult to even try and imagine just how much the world is going to change before the 22nd century.

[@gf1917]

Hopefully it won't be achieved by as much violence as it was last century.

[@willichtenstein7071]

Given what kind of war Japan was waging when they tried to declare an "allied opposition to racism" I can only see that as being incredibly self serving. Despite how racist the European governments were at the time.

[@HeadsFullOfEyeballs]

Well, racists never think that their own prejudices are racism, right? It's only prejudice if it isn't true, and if it weren't true they wouldn't believe it, and so it isn't racism.

[@RudiDwiHartanto]

Last time I was this early the mongol was the only exception.

[@TheZags18]

8:39 they were writing "either deport us all to another place or cast us into the sea" to an empire that was literally doing those things to ethnic minorities

[@abbiewaters1085]

Please do a video on the troubles

[@ritchie9030]

You could do an entire Crash Course on the Treaty of Versailles.

[@nhaaaPl]

It's crazy how monumental WW1 was. Most wars before that, especially 18th and 19th century, wars had a much more limited effect on the lives of europeans. Say if you were a french person during the crimean war, most likely nothing changed in your everyday life unless you had to join the army but WW1 effected so many everyday things from rationing to your workplace that it practically reshaped the continent, especially with it's aftermath, especially in the east among the losers.

[@nhaaaPl]

@CommandoDude Hmm... in that case 19th century after napoleon. There were some places that had heavy fighting even then but it was generally calmer and wars were fought mostly between armies and not entire populations. Point is, this was a change, a kind of war that wasn't seen in generations.

[@AbbeyRoadkill1]

And then the next war (WWII) would see it get even worse. Not only were the civilians much more intimately connected to the fighting, they become the object of war. Attacks on civilians (in attempt to destroy a country's will to fight) become the norm.

[@Oxtocoatl13]

The armistices of late 1918 didn't end the war for basically anyone. In Russia, American troops fought a major battle on armistice day, French troops would soon be sent to occupy bits of Germany and to quell uprisings in the new colonies. British troops would soon fight in Ireland against their former brothers in arms. German troops would get embroiled in the Freikorps and the chaotic war in the Balkans as well as at home. Habsburg forces would fight each other while building nations. Like, Belgian soldiers got to go home in 1918. I can't think of anyone else.

[@kwebs10]

@12:59 Probably the most important part of any of the history presentations. World War II is the conclusion of the Great War started in 1914.

[@imadnemeir9455]

9:13 that's actually wrong greater Syria was mostly self sufficient in terms of food, the ottomans allocation of said food to the front caused the famine. The martyr square statue in Beyrouth city is a reminder of ottoman oppression during that period, not allies.

[@Loremastrful]

One additonal thing. I trust CC will get into the fallout of WW1 in a later entry, but one thing that can't be measured is how much war changed the status quo. So many roles and rules that seemed monolithic before the war vanished over night during it. War made beggars of kings and empires. Women driving, holding down factory jobs and the like did more for the Sufferage movement than conferences and pamphlets. The phrase 'How will you keep them down on the farm after they've seen Paris?" would echo throughout the 20's, 30's and find meaning again in WW2. The Great War showed people a larger world and many did not want to return to the status quo that birthed the conflict.

[@kevincorvallis]

I got scared thinking someone might've replaced John looking at 2013 videos.

[@EvlFlp]

On the map in the Versailles Treaty part of the video, in The Netherlands the 'Flevopolder', the huge piece of artifical land created in, what was then, 'De Zuiderzee' (now 'IJsselmeer') is shown. That was only created a couple of decades later.

[@ibrahimatakankubilay9462]

Marine General Smedley D. Butler gives a table of US companies' prewar and postwar profits in his book "War is a racket".

[@mashroom77]

Can you please make a course on geography? Thanks a lot for your other courses!

[@geoffreywinn4031]

Cool video!

[@henrikschmidt3964]

Still loving your videoes. :)

[@davinmaki7533]

We should rise up and take johns knowledge,money and cameras for the workers and stuff

[@stocktonjoans]

War never changes

[@ooooooo3487]

I remember when he used to smile..

[@Dethkalf]

To be fair, he's talking about WWI

[@masteretainturmakan]

11:50 who made these maps? These are almost entirely inaccurate. I love this series, and with the amount of backing it receives it should have better research in its map graphics.

[@TreasureByMeasure]

"The war." As they called it...back then. 😆 Great video! 👍

[@ShakalDraconis]

Also worth noting, putting the start of World War II as being in 1939 is somewhat eurocentric, given that Japan (Axis) and China (Allies) had been in active war since 1937. Or 1931, if you want to consider from the invasion of Manchuria.

[@13REDstar]

Awesome video! But your maps at 11:49 need some work! You accidentally not only gave the Italians South Tyrol, but also North Tyrol, East Tyrol and Vorarlberg!

[@MakeMeThinkAgain]

It's worth mentioning all the horses that were needed for war at this time. Nearly everything that couldn't walk was pulled by horses.

[@jacob3707]

Very intresting!

[@mechelchavez9537]

Watching from Tondo manila Philippines

[@heleneduprazsancho]

Hey ! Thanks for your video, it really is good, talking as a historian too Just wanted to say that "Saint-Germain-en-Laye" is written without the "e" after "Germain" ;-)

[@ibrahimatakankubilay9462]

Why have the videos stopped for a few weeks now? Everybody allright?

[@NicWalker627]

Crash Course on Nintendo in your feed. Mr. Green, you sir have good taste.

[@avijaiswal5819]

Will you do a series on Asian history as well

[@stepan-stanc]

At 11:54 , the Czechoslovakia is shown without the Slovakia bit, which is here in the top left part of Hungary. Otherwise absolutely amazing video, showing the consequences of the World War

[@petemagnuson7357]

the Slovakia part wasn't officially split off from Hungary until a few months layer IIRC, this is technically mostly right about the treaty with Austria. (the borders are still a bit janky though)

[@sisteray3539]

Would love to see a crash course on colonisation

[@osmosisjones6734]

Did John fall into a depression. Not talking fast and no smiles

[@Ancor3]

He an old man now

[@kerstinjernberg5505]

I thin hhe got criticism for talking too fast.

[@marie-helenemoreau5968]

Thanks to Bill Wurtz, I can never say "the league of nations" normally ever again. The LEAGUE of NATIONS 🎶

[@Dustz92]

NoOoOo If you are in the league of nations you are not supposed to take over the world

[@marie-helenemoreau5968]

Nano92 🎶how ‘bout I do anywayyyy🎶

[@DaDunge]

5:00 Also prior to the nitrogen fixation of Fritz Haber Germany could not even feed it's population domestically in peace time. And the nitrogen fixation method was far from universally implemented at this point.

[@rc_woshimao957]

miss him

[@spkennedy951]

I think it's relevant to mention that all of the treaties that ended WWI included the War Guilt clause, as WWI was trying to end differently than past wars. Prior treaties would include an indemnity, these treaties included reparations, and the clause was meant as a legalese admission of liability to justify the reparations.

[@emacias180]

this is awesome

[@moephileo63]

Does crash course european history plan to cover the spanish civil war.

[@hollin220]

The League of Empires does seem more historically accurate

[@Dayglodaydreams]

What happens in the interwar years? Also, talk about systems theory and cybernetics (that part of systems science) developing.

[@mg4361]

11:59 you might want to check your map of Yugoslavia ;)

[@Marioaquiles89]

aswell as the Czechoslovakia map

[@aaronbaum54]

That's because the map was for the treaty of Saint Germain en Laye. The treaty only dealt with the Austrian half of the empire. Trianon dished out the Hungarian territories to the new nations. The map isnt wrong, just incomplete since they skipped that treaty.

[@mg4361]

@@aaronbaum54 Aaron, they say Yugoslavia, that was not Yugoslavia that they were showing. In reality, the Vojvodina territory of Hungary joined Serbia, while (what is today) Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia first joined into the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, which one month later also joined Serbia to form the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, later to be renamed into Yugoslavia. The map never looked the way they they showed it in this video.

[@aaronbaum54]

@@mg4361 I'm well aware of how Yugoslavia formed. That map is showing Serbia as well as the Austrian concessions (Bosnia+Slovenia & portions of Croatia/Dalmatia). Vojvodina and Croatia are obviously not colored in because they were part of the Kingdom of Hungary until Trianon. The only error they technically made was calling it Yugoslavia, but that was a colloquial term for a United Balkan state long before the kingdom itself existed.

[@mg4361]

@@aaronbaum54 If you go back to 11:35 they explicitely mention the treaty of Trianon. It is misleading at best to ignore it a few seconds later, only refer to the treaty of Saint Germain and refer to the rump territories that they show as the lands that would form Yugoslavia, especially since those treaties only confirmed the preexisting situation on the ground, which was that these territories were already part of Yugoslavia, or Kingdom of SCS, whichever way you like it.