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Paphos (Greek: Pafos) is a coastal city in the southwest of Cyprus and the capital of Paphos District. The town of Paphos is included in the official UNESCO list of cultural and natural treasures of the world's heritage.
The remains of villas, palaces, theatres, fortresses and tombs of the Classical, Hellenistic and Roman periods mean that the site is of exceptional architectural and historic value.
Archaeologists report that the site of Paphos has been inhabited since the Neolithic period. It was a centre of the cult of Aphrodite and of pre-Hellenic fertility deities. Aphrodite's mythical birthplace was on this island, where her temple was erected by the Myceneans in the 12th century BC.
New Paphos (Nea Pafos), the currently inhabited town, lays about 12 km northwest of the old city Paphos, which now is the archaeological site of Palaepaphos, Kouklia.
The economy of Paphos depends largely on tourism and there are four resorts in the district: Kato Paphos, Coral Bay, Latchi, and Aphrodite Hills. The largest by far is Kato Paphos which employs over half of Paphos' population. Farming, especially banana, grape and tobacco cultivation, also contributes significantly to the economy of Paphos.
Paphos enjoys a subtropical-Mediterranean climate, with the mildest temperatures on the island. The greatest amounts of precipitation mainly occur from mid-November to March. It almost never rains in the summer. In July and August, humidity measurements can go up to 85%.
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Paphos Castle was originally built as a Byzantine fort to protect the harbour. It was then rebuilt by the Lusignans in the thirteenth century after being destroyed in the earthquake of 1222. In 1570 it was dismantled by the Venetians. After capturing the island, the Ottomans restored and strengthened it. Throughout the ages it has seen many uses. It has served as a fortress, a prison and even a warehouse for salt during the British occupation of the island. More recently the castle serves as a backdrop to the annual open air Paphos cultural festival which takes place in September.
May 11 & 20, 2015