Dark Routes Ep. 2: The Zuni-Bandera Volcanic Field

Come along for the ride on my solo motorcycle trip. Latest episode of travel documentation out now!
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For our second episode of the Dark Routes documentary series, we find ourselves in an expansive lava flow in the heart of the New Mexican badlands. The frozen flood originated from several different volcanic vents located in the Rio Grande rift and is home to one of the youngest volcanic flows in the lower 48.
In this video we will continue our dive into deep history. Exploring not only the history of the lava beds and the creation of the rift valley to the ancient deserts and rivers that formed the sandstone around it, but the grim human history that this place saw during the manifest destiny period of United States history. Join me as we take a walk through time and explore the stories and forces behind the Zuni Bandera volcanic field.

[@miniminuteman773]

This video was shot on the fourth day of my cross country motorcycle solo. If you want to follow along with my journey living off the back of the bike and navigating all the challenges that come with it, the link is in the description above. See you up the road!

[@TheNomadsLog]

When date did you actually go? I was just in that area!

[@Copper_the_Dog]

Thank your for your content

[@christopherdelaney6263]

Excellent job, once again! Loving every minute!

[@borisrussko5898]

Trail of tears aren't taught in public schools? Or is that not the death walk mentioned here?

[@borisrussko5898]

Reform has taken place with u.s. right? with us giving natives reservations for example

[@laurel9629]

Me: The Long Walk? Is that another word for the Trail of Tears? Milo: No, it’s just *another* Trail of Tears.

[@itzmedb8290]

Exactly the revelation I had.

[@rudeminnesotan]

Same 😢

[@molleirose]

Exactly my reaction

[@munkeefinkelbeen5395]

Sad but true. If we research beyond what we're taught in school, we begin to see the long list of atrocities committed by our country. I learned the opposite way, as a student on the Navajo reservation. We learn about the long walk, then later the trail of tears

[@SkyTurnsPurplePhotography]

We Navajo had a forced removal and genocide. Because the Jews have a monopoly on genocide (despite currently engaging in one), and despite our fairly recent attempted extermination at the hands of the U.S. government, we do try to keep people informed. The U.S. government won't educate you on their long list of historical human rights atrocities, not even the recent ones like COINTEL PRO and Afghanistan, so it's up to people as individuals to seek out the truth. Many tribes were totally eradicated. Gone. We survived. You want to know why the Apache fought for so long? Because oppressed people fight. Better to die fighting than live under a knife, or enslaved, or without freedom. The same ideals permeate all people who struggle under oppression. Be they the poor French ahead of the Revolution in Victor Hugo's literature, be they the British lower class before the war for independence, be they Palestinians, be they slaves in the south, we all want the same things. Learn our names, how to pronounce them, learn our story of survival, and know that we live. Know we are quite similar... we too bleed red and die a little inside putting up with political ads during election cycles.

[@nosoul7627]

As a Nde Diné (Apache Navajo), thank you for calling us what we call ourselves and talking about our history.

[@crimsonhoudini1521]

I feel kind of ashamed with only recently learning about the name that the Diné call themselves. It was in my US History Through Film class that we covered a lot of indigenous history and there I learned the word Diné. It’s really frustrating how much Indigenous history is swept under the rug

[@TheRealHaloLover]

Im so happy seeing this. He might be the first creator I seen actually give credit and talk about the real history. The fact the Pueblos actually held off the spanish. Im Navajo & Jemez btw

[@Dusty_Den]

​@@TheRealHaloLoveryooo the jemez area is one of the most beautiful places in the world 😍

[@Dusty_Den]

@nosoul7627 I didn't know Nde was the proper name! Thank you!

[@SkyTurnsPurplePhotography]

He mispronounced tribal names, bro. He butchered Apache and Diné

[@ForsakenGrevas]

I have two impressions on the series so far. I really like the multi-disciplinary historic overview of an area. The road trip framing was a great choice. I appreciate the unflinching dedication to shining light in dark places of history. Our ancestors did some fucked up shit. People are still suffering because of it. It's on us to learn from the past and humble ourselves.

[@dororo101]

Honestly most people are just asking for it to be acknowledged and not defended but that’s not enough. I think we NEED to hold ourselves accountable and do better if we are truly great.

[@HistoriaEtAl]

As an Australian I think that the fact that the referendum for an aboriginal voice to parliament was voted no is wack

[@ForsakenGrevas]

@hamishd8659 American history is one long, fucked up genocide where Native Americans are concerned. I grew up Mormon, meaning my culture of birth was even more culpable in the murder of this land's first people. To this day, Mormons are still Zionists who claim Native Americans were Jews and that their *real* history was written by the white man who started the religion. Racism and erasure are alive and well among American conservatives.

[@dororo101]

@@HistoriaEtAl if I recall correctly don’t the Māori get a permanent seat in New Zealand?

[@HistoriaEtAl]

@@dororo101 that's New Zealand

[@Beef_jerky_official]

As a New Mexican this is terrifying, we are also probably the only state taught about death marches, i first learned about them in 5th grade and was taught more every year after

[@jetmcgee4218]

From what I've experienced yeah new Mexico is the only state that really teaches about death marches

[@dredgenjinn]

I've never been taught about the Long Walk and I've lived in New Mexico for all my life

[@anonymouscausethatshowirol828]

Georgia also teaches about the Trail of Tears, at least at the schools I went to. It was a footnote though

[@nblankensh]

Arizona here, never learned about it in school but I did learn about it.

[@ThatGuyOrby]

Not really, from PA. We learned of the Trail of Tears and the Long Walk here.

[@BDS-ACAB]

“Go outside to your Ram 1500, cry your eyes out, and come back in when you’re ready to be an adult!” LMFAO

[@sirdevinthedeepsmotoventure]

My favorite line tooo

[@br1ghtl1ght]

cathartic and funny lol

[@brentwalker8596]

Yep. Milo can't resist a well-deserved insult aimed at the "patriots" out there. But, sadly, it's unlikely that any of them are watching this type of content.

[@BilboWaggins]

"don't stink-eye me bitch, you're from illinois" lmfao I love this man

[@matthieusaade3616]

That was amazing 😂

[@soccers4me3692]

Being Illinois born myself, I laughed at this moment and I approve that insult. 😂

[@TheFullmetal88m]

As a Vet and a History buff I approve this message... our land is drenched in blood.

[@danjohnson8138]

Hooah ✌️

[@trevorpuckett6309]

And unfortunately there is more to be spilled, we humans are barbaric, tribel animals that never seem to learn from the past. We have to stop the madness of hate!! We have to see each other as valuable pepole that all deserve love and respect!!!

[@wufwuf3865]

What land isn't? It would be better to accept such things in neutral tone then overly emotional. These crimes are long past, we can't do anything about those events, all victims and criminals are long dead. After all, before the events known there are always more horrible events unknown that happened in the same territory. The best we can do is remember and reserach traces of these events and learn from them in calm, respectful manner.

[@nimshimshargal]

@@wufwuf3865 Agreed, the earth has been bathed with blood ever since circulation was evolved.

[@Sweetie_abundant_heart]

Religion taught humans abuse, war, colonization, and slavery. Pure madness and evil.

[@Lumberjack_king]

12:23 It really is beyond disgusting that we aren't taught about the long walk in school instead its a tragedy we covered up and buried im glad you brought this to light

[@bluebitproductions2836]

I was taught about it multiple times in school, is this a regional difference perhaps? I'm from the northeast.

[@johnnyearp52]

I was taught about the Long Walk in history classes in New Mexico. It is like the New Mexico Trail of Tears.

[@adaelion3772]

I was taught it in the midwest. Most kids didn't pay attention to it though.

[@jamsistired]

@@adaelion3772same, although they didn’t go 100% with it

[@Jerseydoosh]

Yeah, I was taught about it too. In one class, for about 10 minutes. Quickly followed by multiple tall tails about the savage Indians killing the defenceless innocent settlers. The American educational system is nothing more than a propaganda machine meant to churn out flag waving dullards just bright enough to be profitable.

[@eliseleonard3477]

I lived on the Navajo reservation for 6 years working for the Indian Health Service and was completely blown away to visit the village of Walpi on the Hopi reservation nearby has been continuously inhabited since 900 CE, where some Hopi people live in houses that are still standing since then. How is it possible that we don’t all learn this in elementary school? Thanks for this great series, Milo!!

[@TheRealHaloLover]

The Hopi are one of the oldest tribes post ancestral Puebloans. Its funny they have stories recounting all of it including the migration yet white archeologists ignored them for centuries and now its the most plausible theory of what happened to Ancestral Puebloans 😂

[@thebalteringotter3132]

I've never seen a KZbinr more deserving of all the subscriptions and love they can get. Your contagious enthusiasm and passion, wide-eyed but critical view on the world and its history, and the absolute perfect mix of professionalism, hard data and being goofy/not taking yourself too seriously make your videos some of the greatest on this platform. Never stop being you, Milo. Best wishes from Germany.

[@lehar4679]

So true!

[@LauraSweet99]

I agree, Milo is the best and the world needs thought leaders like him.

[@grantith02]

Doing tricks on it

[@annaperenna4678]

Ich hätte es nicht besser sagen können 😊 (For everyone who doesn't speak German: I could not have put it any better)

[@annabackman3028]

Couldn't be said better!

[@just4stringsandsteve]

Not the long walk but I will never forget getting detention for bringing up the trail of tears. My 8th grade history teacher literally said " That is a myth and it never happened! The natives peacefully relocated to make space for the settlers." I told her she was a moron and got detention.

[@_Eeveelyn_]

what... that is crazy! I'd do the same because that's just just absurd.

[@ashenmoonclash]

That is insane with all the documentation actually made by the government about it.

[@averagecartoonfan3519]

what school did you go to? the trail of tears is common teachings where i went

[@debbieholoquist2059]

Oh, you were one of "those" kids. By that, I mean one who is smarter than the teacher and brave enough let it be known.

[@just4stringsandsteve]

@@averagecartoonfan3519 I went to school in south eastern Indiana. This was in 2001 and the teacher was at least 70 at that time so no I chalk it up to her just probably not being taught about it being as she came from this redneck hell too.

[@nickwhyman4815]

I’m glad you spoke about the long walk. That untold side of our history here in the US is what made me so invested in history. Things we forget are doomed to repeat and all of that. I’ve had the privilege to hear from Dine-Navajo individuals about the long standing consequences of the long walk, but that’s simply because of my degree path. Arizona was the place where the march began, yet never once in any of my public school history classes in Arizona was it ever touched on. It’s important that we continue to let stories like these be told.

[@Akkesama]

As a fellow Arizonan, I feel like we got taught about the trail of tears, but not the long walk. the govt curriculum is okay with saying, look at the bad shit that was done over THERE, but is silent about the atrocities that happened right here.

[@nickwhyman4815]

@@Akkesama for sure. And the rather sad addition to all of that is our ranking in public education. It’s all a rather depressing matter.

[@marcuslangford4679]

I'm English, and I was surprised to learn that Americans don't learn about the long walk. It seems to me to be an important lesson of history. In England, we learn about the negative consequences of England's place in the slave trade and "the troubles".

[@nicoledempsey3415]

@@marcuslangford4679 I'm curious as to how The Troubles are taught in England, since its so recent and media outlets still seem to be fairly non neutral on the subject or ignore it entirely.

[@marcuslangford4679]

@nicoledempsey3415 I can't say how it's taught in school now, I went to school in the 1990s. Back then, it was taught sensitively. No one is shown as being at fault, except where fault was clearly identifiable (bloody Sunday, William of Orange, etc.)

[@lasertivo]

I asked my wife, who is an American History HS teacher if she teaches about this long walk, and in fact *today* the reading for her students covered The Trail of Tears, The Long Walk, and also the "forced relocation" of Dakota out of Minnesota.

[@LangThoughts]

Yeah, but when the same thing happens in 2023, it's defended as "ʀesɨstɑnce". Such ʜypocɾisy.

[@Comuniity_]

It very much depends on the state and teacher whether it's mentioned at all or how it's taught, like for me just about 6-7 years ago when I last had a high school history class the Trail of Tears was mentioned, but the curriculum justified as retaliation to the Cherokee declaring war on the US and there is 0 mention of US settlers creeping into Cherokee treaty land or how when gold was discovered, the US military decided to fully intervene on behalf of the settlers, for the record the military had already been protecting them while they were encroaching on Cherokee land. And the Long Walk isn't mentioned at all, same with the ethnic cleansing of the Dakota people. At the same time in middle school I had a history teacher who was incredibly honest about the Trail of Tears.

[@rustycaplinger8036]

Im glad their teaching somewhere in the U.S.

[@koshey245]

in northern new york we were also taught about all of it 10yr ago

[@CaptainTae]

@@rustycaplinger8036I was taught about it in the 80s. If you’re all worked up about stuff not being taught because you heard they aren’t being taught… why not fact check it first? You might be surprised by how manufactured a lot of news is.

[@Deadman7600.]

14:16 I love the way this part was edited. The way that there was no music or anything just makes everything said feel so much more impactful. Hats off to the editors and the animators because this series has been absolutely stunning so far.

[@Azylys-]

I'm French and never had that in-depth classes about american history/geography/anthropology and so on. Your series is a true marvel for me

[@emmasurf8768]

Don't feel bad, most Americans have gotten little info and it's usually biased

[@Willardwood-p]

Straight from the us, i have never heard of alot of this until now

[@adventuresofthecosmos8306]

As a New Mexican I appreciate that you came here and talked about one of our favorite sights Edit: How in the world did this comment get so many likes

[@kavaking]

I'm from Northwest Texas and I'm happy to see just my general area get some love. Us southwestern states have some super cool history that never gets the attention it deserves. I'm hoping he goes to that one Cathedral with the special dirt near Ruidoso.

[@cline2190]

Agreed!

[@torreykat]

Fellow New Mexican!!! I've been loving these deep dives into places I either visited or learned about growing up. Nice to see NM for something other than breaking bad 😂

[@lizardlord4k]

Also New Mexican here, it's a nice feeling.

[@autumn7809]

For real!! The ice caves were always one of my favorite road trip stops as a kid

[@elismith6106]

I had heard of the trail of tears, which was effectively the same thing but 25 years earlier and from a different area and to a different native nation (Cherokees in 1838 instead of the navajos in the 1860s), but not the long walk. I'm pretty sure we only learned it bc our ecology teacher was adamant on teaching us about our area's history, and he did not sugar coat things. He went through old books and quoted from direct sources, and really hammered it home that it didn't matter if Grandma who you loved dearly, who helped raise you, dropped dead in the middle of the path, she'd be kicked into the ditch to stop her being a tripping hazard, and you would keep walking. A lot for an 11 year old to take in, but hearing about it will never ever come close to the people who lived through it and I'm glad he laid it out there the way he did. I think it'd be really cool to see a series where you talk to a bunch of indigenous groups across the US and get first hand accounts of stuff, record their stories and boost their voices on your platform. *Wink wink, nudge nudge*

[@loonystewart]

I don't disagree, but your asking for the first hand accounts of a lot of very long-dead people.

[@nsblur]

@@loonystewartI think he’s talking about the live ones lol

[@kaitlynh5782]

That would be really educational and I would love to see that too! Great suggestion!

[@znsink]

Your youthful entusiasm (and rage) really betters the internet! Keep it up!🤩❤️ Warmharted from an old lady in Sweden. You know, Vikings and such. 😆

[@bruce6rt]

Han är helt fantastisk!

[@martinnyberg71]

I’ll chime in with that sentiment, as an old fart from Sweden with just about as diverse interests as MIlo (yep, I got two BS, one BA and an MNS in the US). Jacks-of-all-trades in all lands, unite! 🤙🏼

[@NinjaGrrrl7734]

Old lady from Texas and I'm with you. Fein the land of snakes and boots, with love

[@SirFridge]

It really does. Greetings from the Netherlands, you know bikes and clogs and such. And in case anyone wonders, we were taught about all the horrible shit our Dutch ancestors did.

[@TheIamPC]

Agreed, he is what the new generation needs to be engaged and excited about history and geology.

[@spyroan]

As an Australian i know very little of american history, I cannot express how appreciative I am of how you teach us. It is beyond important to recognise the blood in which these lands are built, there is no shying away. I can't thank you enough for how this series is formatted, I've learnt more here than a history class could ever.

[@AlaskaJiuJitsu]

All lands are and were built on the bloodshed of our ancestors, without exception.

[@asparrowscall]

Another Australian here and I cannot agree more

[@gmaergabe7313]

Australian history is much the same. The best we can do as descendants of the perpetrators is spread the history and make amends whenever reasonably possible.

[@andrews1621]

Milo, I graduated with a BS in geology 13 years ago. Life, turmoil, and necessity took me away from studying and learning about the earth. At one point I thought it was a door that would remain closed forever. I have forgotten so much, and I have so many new things crammed into my brain. I cant say I credit you entirely with revitalizing my interest, that began when I began to do some gardening on my new home in 2020 and I started to *really* look at the glacial erratics that made their way to my garden. I have found so many amazing samples sitting at the edge of an excavation pit that has been buried under Detroit for god knows how long. Watching your video honestly makes me tear up a bit just hearing words like 'fluvial, unconformity, pyroclastic' makes sparks go flying in my brain that have not lit up in over a decade. (SIDE NOTE just call Illinois people Fippers (Fuckin illiinois people))

[@jamiesadf5829]

we called them Fibs here (fucking illinois bastards). ever the tourists, even in places with next to no tourism.

[@SN-tw5ul]

I know this feeling exactly, and I'm so happy that that feeling came back

[@audoldends6799]

Im happy for you my friend!

[@Verbot819]

Milo has made me enjoy archaeology a lot more, I have taken a real interest because of it and especially his simple yet detailed explanations of such.

[@garvinanders2355]

I'm glad you covered the Long Walk. It's important that we face up to the terrible things our country has done if we ever want to find a way to heal those injuries and make restitution. Plus there is the statement that those who do not learn history are doomed to repeat it. I honestly hope we can avoid repeating things like the Long Walk, the Trail of Tears, the Internment of the Japanese, and the many other crimes our society has done.

[@FezMooseLive]

Touché. You have a point, however we interned the Japanese (which was horrible, dont get me wrong.) Due to Japanese bombings in pur harbor. Not to mention what the Japanese did to the Philippines and prisoners of war... Cause and Effect my Friend cause and effect . one group does one thing that makes others disgusted, angry, mad, or some people are just plane out stupid. As a white male, some people would never forgive me for things my ancestors have done, and I dont quite feel the need to pay restitution for what my ancestors have done. I simply feel bad for what happened, and wish for it to never happen again, but no matter what it probably will. Hate can be stronger, as its easily gained. However we must strive for love in order to be strong, we must learn of our past, but reach past the hate of our ancestors.

[@drigonfirefox]

​@@FezMooseLiveas someone is a similar position I try and just learn as much as I can about the topics and just accept that humans are still animals and with that comes an inherent sense of brutality. Just be better than them and dont listen to the perpetually online whinin about reparations.

[@majiktree9523]

i will add only.. things yr country is still continuing to do repeteadly all over the world...

[@KasumiRINA]

@@majiktree9523 Where in the world right now is America forcing natives to march to their deaths? I think you mean russia, China and Myanmar, these three countries are doing actual, ongoing genocides right now, with Uyghur concentration camps, Crimean Tatar deportations, massacres of Ukrainians and Syrians, as well as the horrors Rohingya, as well as other Burmese ethnic groups face.

[@suspiciouswolf933]

i honestly love how this is practically a history channel that is of better writing quality of a lot of other history channels and we can just watch it on youtube this is why youtube is awesome

[@debbieholoquist2059]

Your use of the long pause after the story about "The Long Walk" is masterful. I knew about the long walk, but not about that family. Of course I did not learn about it in school. I love being a US citizen, but we have some painful and shameful things in our past.

[@ic7353]

I love this series so much. I grew up in El Paso and spent my teen years exploring New Mexico. New Mexico is so cool and so few people have no idea. Thank you for exploring!

[@ic7353]

Who hurt you?@NotVille_

[@chancecompton4061]

Hey Milo, I missed the premier but I just want to thank you for speaking on the history of not only the land, but the people. It's hard to discuss Indigenous American history and how our ancestors suffered without it devolving into racist anti-Indigenous whitewashing party. It means a lot to hear someone else even bother to bring up The Long Walk, The Trail of Tears or any of the other countless atrocities, let alone condemn the people responsible. This was a spectacular video, and I can't wait to see the next episode in this series.

[@DeusXT557]

The animation of the rocks falling from the arch is top tier

[@louckykoneko]

as a European viewer, I thank you for giving an in depth explanation of the Path of Tears. I'm only taught about my own country's mistakes and on rare occasions the mistakes of other European countries. I never would have known the Path of Tears even existed if you hadn't explained it. so, in an ironic way, thank you to the american school system for glossing over the country's own history, and sincerely, thank you Milo for teaching me and many others through this video. (edit) thank you to everyone who replied with corrections and additional information. I got a little confused with my timeline and should've fact checked myself before commenting. my point still stands, though; the fact that I didn't know that the Path/Trail of Tears and the Long Walk were two separate events is yet another indication that more information and more education on the topic is needed.

[@ana34602]

You got it a little wrong . There were 2 genocidal walks for the American indigenous people: the trail of tears AND the long walk.

[@thaumar64]

@@ana34602 Not to even mention the countless other atrocities against Native Americans, of which you could fill a library with

[@parmaxolotl]

​@@thaumar64Here in Florida all the original indigenous people either died due to disease or conflict stoked by the Spanish, or assimilated into Spanish society. Then later, runaway slaves and Creek people who would become the Seminole came here, and in order to make the slavers happy, the US invaded Spanish Florida and fought 3 wars to conquer the Seminole and take the slaves back. The Seminole never surrendered. Not a word on this in public school outside of one optional field trip I took to not have to be in class.

[@SprayandPrayman22]

Yeah, the Path of Tears was in 1812 and ordered by Andrew Jackson. Native populations were rounded up from their homes in the Eastern US and forced westward, mainly Oklahoma. Thousands died on this march.

[@laurel9629]

That moment of echoing rifle fire after over the landscape really, REALLY hammers home the gravity of what just happened. I’m glad you gave that moment space to breathe.

[@VicissitudeLeather]

1K live viewers 1K likes by the end of the video. This series is just getting started and not only that, I know you said it's just the beginning. And you're a man of your word so... Can't wait I'm so happy to watch your continued success! Peace love and pasta 🫀

[@crzychill7623]

RAmen.

[@HistoryWithKayleigh]

Peace love and noodles 👌

[@Charlielizard]

Phenomenal story and photographs. Am Texas Kickapoo and our history and struggles were nothing less than a tragedy. Absolutely love this walk back in time. Thank you so very much for bringing this country up to date with our past. You've got a talent where the sky is barely going to contain your limits. 😊

[@LangThoughts]

Yeah, but when the same thing happens in 2023, it's defended as "ʀesɨstɑnce". Such ʜypocɾisy.

[@Charlielizard]

​@@LangThoughtsLMAO at the words of an ignoranus. Thank you.

[@LangThoughts]

Strange as it may sound, ʏoʊ ɴɑtiⱱe Ameɾɨcans actually have more support, ability and ɾɨghts when it comes to "Sɑcɾed Land" then ɯe Jęɯs do..... @@Charlielizard​

[@rebecculousrk]

Thank you for being clear about the reality of the death marches perpetrated on my ancestral fathers and mothers, brothers and sisters. There is no excuse for continuing to cover it up. People need to talk about it. ❤ The brutal truth is that the United States was built with slave labor, on stolen land. Our history is drenched in blood and exploitation. ❤ Until we look at it, talk about it, and stand against it; it continues to fester just beneath the surface, and bursts out in violence against indigenous women and girls, in the disregard for the suffering of indigenous people in their impoverished communities, riddled with drug and alcohol addiction, domestic violence, and poverty to this day. In the indifference of the police when indigenous people disappear, or are killed. ♥️ The series is excellent, I’m loving it. Thanks for all your content. I love the debunking vids. I love the ‘name that object’ vids, and this adventure is super interesting.♥️

[@lehar4679]

This was wayyy beyond expectations. This is one level higher than Netflix material. Drifted into another world while watching. Every aspect of this series is just so. perfect. And the stroytelling 🙇‍♀️💯

[@shimomiaizo]

Literally. I have no idea how he pulled this off and it's so humbling and thrilling that I get to witness the making and growth of one of the best KZbinrs to ever exist

[@lehar4679]

Exactly!

[@aapettit]

Thanks for talking about The Long Walk. I feel many know about The Trail of Tears, but sadly The Long Walk seems to have been swept under the rug. It's sad so many Americans don't know about this dark page in American history. I myself am not an indigenous person, but my family has done business with many of the tribes in NM and AZ for generations. I'm a bit of a rez kid myself and spent some time near Napi. So I did learn about the Long Walk and the aftermath of it. Anyway once again good work, nicely done. 👍

[@tylerrichlen3286]

I am always fascinated, having come from a small rural town in Texas that learned about the long walk and the trail of tears etc, how many people didn't learn that stuff. Its rather frightening how much of our history has been obscured because it makes people uncomfortable or messes with the narrative that we were the heroes of this story...

[@tylerzeiger414]

As another Texan from a (formerly) small town, I agree. I know there are school districts in our state that don’t teach things such as this, but it was required curriculum at my school. I always roll my eyes when people cite Texas as the state that shies away from genuine history-atrocities and all-the most. I have also dealt with ignorant people, predominantly from the North and West Coast, who are shocked that I wasn’t taught Creationism and actively work in the field (Geology) that counters the 6-10 ka Earth narrative. I remember writing papers where we analyzed graphically disturbing contemporary accounts of colonialism, compared and contrasted the diaries of Native Americans and pioneers, and were even assigned creative writing assignments to create a first-person narrative of a person from the time while utilizing contemporary accounts, testimonies, and records. What I learned is sobering, just as it is to know that many students never learn of it. However, I’ve seen former classmates post that they never learned material like this, when in reality, they just didn’t pay attention and forgot.

[@Navajo.femboy]

Thank you for covering the story of the long walk... I started to cry a bit for the terrible story of the diné lady. I hope more people learn of these atrocities that befell my peope. Have a good day. Aýééhéé.( im not to sure if i wrote it write 😅)

[@toddurso4836]

Milo you are such a good communicator… I can not explain how happy I am to watch your videos. People like you give me faith in the world.

[@twisterjester]

My husband and I stumbled across El Malpais two years ago. I knew about the volcanic fields, but didn't know about the other geologic landmarks surrounding the fields. We're hoping to go back in the next year or two and spend more time exploring.

[@optizz1e]

I grew up in New Mexico not too far from the Zuni Bandera. Hoping that you were able to do an episode on White Sands, thanks for showing the history an beauty of my frequently overlooked home state.

[@HAL-oj4jb]

Tiny correction at around 16:25: 60° Fahrenheit is 15° Celsius in absolute numbers, but 60°F temperature difference is 23.3°C of difference (this has to do with the different zero points of the two temperature scales) Also, thank you so much for talking about the crimes that the US committed against the indigenous people. These things are so often swept under the rug and forgotten, in history as well as in the present. It would be easy to not talk about this even in an archeology documentary, but one can really see that this is an important matter for you!

[@Morrigan4242]

I think the number is 33.3 C difference but your point is correct. (1F is 5/9th of 1C)

[@ChrissyOneMusic]

Thank you for saying what I came to say.

[@forfun6273]

Good spot. Like the difference between 32 and 92 degrees F is 60 degrees F but 23 degrees C. 1 degrees Celsius temperature difference is equal to 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit. 32F-212F is water freezing to boiling which is 180 degree difference. Vs 100 degrees Celsius. Maybe that’s what you were saying. Idk. My math says 33.3 degrees Celsius. But who knows. I’m an idiot. And you actually noticed it. I’d be sitting here thinking 60 degrees Fahrenheit was equal to 15 degrees Celsius in the complete wrong way. So props to you.

[@gianb3952]

Editor here. As a celcius user this never even crossed my mind and now I’m mind blown. I’ll keep it mind for future videos!

[@noodlesmetal]

What is the Fahrenheit temp scale based on? Celsius is based on the temp that water changes state with 100 equal units separating them. Fahrenheit must have an interesting story? 212 and 32 I suppose the difference between states is 180 which gives 3 equal parts of 60°F for waters 3 states of matter. Still seems a bit random. 0°C to 100°C is just clean, like the creator went 'enough of this nonsense 32 . 0 to 100 - lets make temperature great again' and they did.

[@citywitt3202]

Do you know how awesome it is to see an American being honest about their country’s history? As a Brit you give me so much hope.

[@Cecilpedia]

Yeah, it's really messed up how little we're taught about it, but it's refreshing to know that there are people who are no longer burying their heads in the sand and speaking up about what truly happened back then and even now.

[@GrimTap]

Shal we dive into your history? All the atrocities committed by the British empire throughout its history. All the death that accompanied the expansion of ur empire as u occupied land and raped and murdered everyone in ur way as u took their homes for ur empire .... all in the name of a seriously inbred family..... just to scratch the surface..... want to keep going?.....because that high horse your on is standing on the bodies of all the dead caused by the British empire..... u have no moral high ground here as u stand under our nuclear umbrella and rely so heavily on our governmentv

[@RockyGrips]

New Mexico is so misunderstood but your description of its past is accurate. Thanks for a great refresher and for capturing our beautiful vistas

[@meeptowner8440]

can i just say i absolutely love the ENTIRE astetic of this series, the red roots are just amazing

[@skylerwolf4998]

You might be one of the few KZbinrs that I follow who have talked about the Long Walk. Thank you for talking about it as it is something that ABSOLUTELY should be talked about in school.

[@GrimTap]

.

[@AuralHarbinger]

From Laguna pueblo, happy to see some recognition! Always heard some stories about all the lava fields growing up. People used to say there's treasure in the lava fields back when the Spanish were fleeing the apache and couldn't carry everything

[@fiction-]

This is my home state and its so so different from anywhere else. I cant wait.

[@fiction-]

@ethanproctor3256 don't worry, fellow Americans think it's not in America. When I say I'm from New Mexico they tell me my English is so good lol

[@newtypexzerox]

This is an amazing series, thank you for creating these types of videos.

[@renhuschle7575]

Man, thank you for using blunt and honest language to describe exactly what happened. Ethnic Cleansing. Keep up the good work, fantastic videos.

[@gorisenke]

Your 8 part dunk on ancient apocalypse was fantastic to watch. Your travel to Türikye was enlightening and the sites were incredible. I think that this will still be my favorite series you've done. Two episodes in and I've learned nothing but new stuff in American history. Thank you for that. And to your editors, the imagery, intro, and music all feel like they belong and look really good, so thank you for that as well. Im looking forward to part 3, and to Peru.

[@EVMjimmy]

I live in New Mexico, specifically Albuquerque, and have my entire life. I had no idea NM had so much activity in terms of volcanics. This is so cool. Do you think in a couple million more years we could have something like the western interior seaway of the cretaceous form again in roughly the same place?

[@TheScottishRedHood]

breaking bad city 🔥

[@erikpasquale9902]

water blanco@@TheScottishRedHood 🔥🔥🔥🧯🧯🧯

[@Onward1969]

Thanks! Keep up the great work, have lots of adventures. Hello from Calgary, Canada.

[@cieniolubna]

I'm sorry, but living in Eastern Europe I wasn't taught about long marches. I'm grateful to learn about them from you, it's always good to know what atrocities were done and should be remembered. I'd gladly swap one of many lessons about holocaust for things like this.

[@sirdevinthedeepsmotoventure]

Today is the First time learning about the long walk, You ,literally, are the history teacher we need.

[@witabif]

two and a half minutes in and I've already learned something new. I'm loving this series!

[@IL_801]

We are blessed to have creators like you, Milo. ❤ Personally I watch Crime Pays but Botany Doesn't, so I already knew a bit about the geological and botanical aspect. Now I get to see things from a historical and archaeologist perspective! It creates a beautiful, haunting picture that commands respect, and it only deepens my affection for our teachers (including teachers like you!) who fight against those who would rather forget. Reading the comments here is really something. Thanks for all you do, Milo and Team. ❤

[@samwoodcock5136]

Quick note on c. 7.10: it is extremely uncommon for subducted plates to melt wholesale - this usually requires very young oceanic crust (parts of the Chilean Andes) or a weird stress regime (the Aleutians). Wholesale melting of oceanic crust typically generates silica-rich melts. More commonly, metamorphism of the subducting plate releases volatiles like water into the mantle. This lowers the mantle's melting point resulting in a more basaltic melt.

[@sarahmcclain9766]

I was schooled in Albany Ga and can say that we learned about the Long Walk and it was a very accurate telling. This was brought up several times over the years. mostly we learned about the "trail of tears" but yes both were brought up. Lucky I'm guessing

[@brycemccommon1763]

Gotta say, I love your videos. The way you present your information and are always willing to admit when you've made a mistake, or simply don't know something is rare among popular content creators. I've been watching for almost a year, and i have really enjoyed watching how your channel has grown, from hiring more people to help with your research, to bringing in other professionals, with more expertise in their specialty, it has been awesome. Keep up the good work Milo

[@brycemccommon1763]

The first video of yours I watched was the Cerutti Mastodon site one.

[@Ozymandius_corn_maze]

Listen, as the owner of a ram 1500, they're not that great for crying in. Guess I'll have to face reality instead.

[@audoldends6799]

I chuckled real.hard at this

[@junes2k]

i gain more respect for you with every video. keep talkin your shit about the "Long Walk". it's important that these types of events are know & you're shining a light on it that it desperately needs. you rock, brother

[@brendenpeterson5684]

I can at least be grateful that, as a New Mexican, I live in a state that at least TRIES to recognize it's dark history. I learned about the Navajo Long Walk when I was in the third grade

[@ihh2921]

Ahh what?! I love it! Wow the amount of information in this series is insane. You covered so much, ancient earthern history, the progression of time, human habitation and their history, downfall, loss and conquest, even plantlife?! I'm Norwegian but I feel like I'm truly learning to know North America, thank all of you for bringing this to us (and for free?!). Legends, all of you!

[@Herm.Q-92]

Thank you for never sugarcoating anything and always staying a real one. Much respect for that despite how many people might potentially be made to feel uncomfortable about some of the conversation topics you discuss. We need more people like you to tell things like it is.

[@n1cks.365]

wow just wow. This feels like a well funded public state produced documentary. Congrats!!

[@oregonvulture]

Your subs are skyrocketing! We gonna need a 2 mil subscriber special soon! 💜 Awesome episode, I had no idea of the volcanic history of NM! I'm in Oregon and have been to Crater Lake and St. Helens. Breathtaking.

[@Moc_Builder]

This is a great series. And i appreciate you talking about the Long walk.

[@strawbrry7464]

Milo, thank you so much for coming to New Mexico and talking about the history of this amazing state when no one else will.

[@terminallyonline5296]

The foray into geology is really welcome on the channel, geology history even.

[@kaitlynh5782]

I remember learning about the trail of tears in high school and I was always interested in Native American issues since my Mom’s family has Cherokee roots, but I had never heard of the long walk. I have been bingeing the videos and I love this style of video. The vlog-type videos also show how much work and effort you put into these videos and we all truly appreciate it. I can’t wait for more videos!!

[@soulknife20]

New Mexico honestly has some of the coolest stuff to see that's really overlooked.

[@benmcreynolds8581]

Amazing editing & visuals. Mixed with awesome on site trip footage. I've been loving seeing ur travel vlog. *You mix in such quality information with visual learning that I'm sure it's helping teach many people that didn't connect with school or book work. Keep up ur great impact. We need people like u not just in our current modern era, but we need people like you in every era. It's people like u that help make the world a better place.

[@crowshadowfire1177]

New Mexican born and raised, I actually learned about the long walk and the trail of tears in 7th grade new mexico history, as well as about kivas, the pueblos, and all the other groups that have called this land home over the centuries. I didn't know it wasn't taught in other places, but I'm glad you're working to fix that. Also, El Malpais is a great place to cave for your first time. It's big, well traveled, well maintained, and just gorgeous. I've been there many times with my family and even a couple times for school/club events. I also hope you got to look at petrogliph national park, seems like the kind of place you'd like.

[@verumillic1424]

As an Illinoian who had the great fortune to live and work in New Mexico for around 12 years doing my postgraduate work, I feel called out lol! Now back in IL, I also have to say: That's fair. Lol. 😉 This is a fantastic series Milo, keep it up!

[@FinallyAlmino]

Oh man. This is such a great series, it touches on so many different strata, to use a geology metaphor, from the history of the people to the formation of the geology and how biology adapted, it is impressivly well rounded. I'm from Norway so all my knowledge of America comes from movies and the internet, and this is showing me a whole different side that I never knew about.

[@locolobos0035]

This is top tier content. Congratulations on making something incredible! P.S. thank you for shining light on some of the dark parts that people don't like to talk about

[@stephensegura5086]

As a hispanic who grew up in New Mexico, thank you for telling the TRUE history of my home state and my ansestors. There is so much I have to learn about my own past and most of it what I know, I have learned outside of school. Having a spanish last name, I have always felt conflicted with my ansestory. One side of my lineage ethnicly clensed the other. I am a prodoct of genocidal grape and this topic needs to be known and understood by all! THANK YOU!!

[@JustaReadingguy]

I was raised in NM. We studied the long walk in high school. 50 years later i still think about it when meet groups native people. It made a powerful impression on me.

[@R2-DPOO]

Does anyone else get a sense of nostalgia for the style of presentation. It’s like the educational videos you saw if you grew up in the 90’s and 00’s but with actual history

[@uhsleepz]

Y'know it's pretty sad of the US educational system that I've learned more about history from watching Milo than my 14 or so years of schooling. I'm around the same age as Milo, but he knows way more than I do and I love learning about this stuff. Makes me wanna go to college and study archeology and geography. Only thing stopping me is the tens, if not hundreds of thousands of dollars in student loans that I don't wanna have to pay for a degree that won't guarantee me a good job

[@sanstheskele-bro6102]

This animation looks fantastic! Keep up the good work!

[@steveorygins6252]

I love that you're covering the 4 corners area. I've lived here all my life and I always felt connected and as if there was something special here. I was craving this knowledge. Thank you for delivering 🙌

[@StelCreator]

The animation of rocks crumbling off the existing image of the arch was bloody awesome!!

[@sarahkemp9080]

Much of what you say is entirely new to me (I'm British, so my education has been pretty Euro-centric) and I'm fascinated by how you tell it. I'm impressed by the beautiful geology, with how that changes over the eons, and how well you demonstrate its effect on the raw and heartbreaking human history. I had meant for this comment just to say how much I'm enjoying this series so far, but your very serious shots in the ruins absolutely cracked me up - those ruins are younger than my house that I'm watching from! 😂

[@DonCarlione973]

Dude, I love your channel. It's awesome to see you getting bigger, You definitely deserve it Milo 💪🏼✌🏼

[@sarahwithanhyouheathen3210]

Thanks so much for the gorgeous landscape coverage and for explaining how it got that way. And extra special thanks for telling the audience about The Long Walk. I learned about it in public school in the 90s but idk how many students are still told the truth of what really happened.

[@teressebirkett3387]

Every country has "long walk" episodes in their history. Well done for telling those hard truths.

[@painters_taep5984]

I didn’t learn about things like The Long Walk until I’d graduated Highschool and wanted to self educate myself on indigenous cultures and stories. I had known about a few things that WERE taught, but until last year I didn’t know about this in particular. The fact that this has never been taught disgusts me. That said, I thank you a lot for making this info more accessible. I wish I’d been able to see it when I was first learning.

[@andrewvc1527]

El Malpais is such a fascinating place, loads of archeology there! They’re not accessible, but there’s sites all over the lava flows, and there’s many ice caves too! The Ancestral Puebloans were able to sustain themselves by melting the ice in those caves! Great that you covered the Long Walk, it’s important to talk about the terrible things in our history, else how will we ever prevent new atrocities or make up for the old ones.

[@ChokyoDK]

Love the series.👌 Would love for you to do a series in Scandinavia. Going over viking archeology in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. So much potential.

[@snow_bound266]

I was given several detentions in high school for discussing genocide against the indigenous people of the Americas. It's truly amazing how we can point our fingers at everyone but ourselves. Oh hypocrisy

[@user-nf6ix5um9g]

no you didnt

[@snow_bound266]

@@user-nf6ix5um9g was given 5 iirc. Apparently I was "disrupting" class and being argumentative. This was in the early 90s. Hopefully kids are being taught a bit better today

[@moekitsune]

​@@user-nf6ix5um9gr/nothingeverhappens

[@gabishepherd2379]

@@snow_bound266no it’s uh gotten worse

[@wyvernscale9634]

I'm thankful my high school history teacher taught me about the tragedy of the trail of tears in all it's horror. It was mostly my teacher though, our textbook barely mentioned it. Wow the us education system just sucks Oh and guess what we were NEVER taught about the long walk.

[@johnnyearp52]

The Long Walk is similar to the Trail of Tears but it is not the same. It is in a different part of the country (Arizona and New Mexico) and involves a different tribe. The Diné (Navajo). It happened in the 1860's. Also the Diné died at Bosque Redondo due starvation.

[@chase.lehmann]

That Illinois jab truly made my day. Another great and informative video, I always look forward to what you have to teach me. Thank you for all you do.

[@davidlancaster8152]

21:00 You're sitting next to a pinion tree. The cones shed pinion nuts. Thanks for the Native American history lesson. Good job 👍

[@CrystalPine22]

2:48 Did- did Washington just get mentioned for something? It’s happening! We’re not being recognized just because of Seattle, but because we have less volcanoes than New Mexico! 😀

[@GnomePickles]

Hooray, we are doing it! I am so tired of living hours from Seattle and being told that companies consider my home in the, "Seattle area."

[@thaumar64]

@@GnomePickles yea, here in NY, if I'm talking to someone from out of state, or out of country, they basically assume I live in NYC. I LIVE IN THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE STATE

[@AsheTheRedScout]

Wooo Washington gang! Greetings from whidbey island!

[@cecillvanweelden5408]

22:30 “don’t stink eye me you’re from Illinois” is crazy

[@blind1337nedm]

lets get into the battles fought between the first nations!! great video

[@blind1337nedm]

not saying the US govt are the good guys at all, they suck imo. i love battles though and i think we dont hear enough about the indigenous warriors. were all humans, war is awful and fascinating.

[@damenwhelan3236]

Milo. Id like to offer my deepest thanks, however, such gesture is absent the weight my appreciation carries for your work. Not just the interest in history, but that younwork to deliver to your audience the authentic genuine reality of what it is to be a historian and archeologist. You are bringing to life a field of research so often made seem boring or, worse, fantastical and you dispel that without loosing the wonder and awe. Thank you.

[@madmax0705]

I have been so excited for the episodes in this series while I do not have any connections i think we all have a connection which is we are all on this rock called earth and its so fascinating to learn how we got here today but at the same time its horrible and some parts of our past I think no one can say aren't horrible and I wish that also I hope I'm not one of your stupid comments lol I love your work milo and I'm so glad you teach us thing that we should learn in school but never do as we try to hide our past which ends up making it worse

[@Shrimptasticly_Awesome]

“Go have a cry in your Ram 1500” is freaking golden!!!! 😂😂😂 I’m so happy I found you Milo. I’ve been binging your channel for maybe 5 days, and I’m obviously hooked. I finished “Awful Archaeology,” “Ancient Apocalypse,” and obviously I’m now on “Dark Routes.” I can’t wait to see where you and your channel go in the future!!! 🤘🏼🫶🏼