Diagnosing astigmatism from the prescription

Easy steps to never miss the type of astigmatism from the prescription.
As postgraduates, you are expected to be able to diagnose the type of astigmatism from the prescription. Some are easy & some are not because they may be in the transposed form. It can be derived of course, but sometimes the stress of an examination can cause one to go blank. Follow the steps, tips, & examples given here, and you will be able to diagnose the type of astigmatism even under extreme pressure.
The link for my previous video on understanding astigmatism is here - • Understanding astigmat...
The link for my previous video on Sturm's conoid is given here -
• Sturm's conoid

[@shh9800]

The best explanation that allowed me to finally be able to understand my prescription. Thank you so much.

[@daveswert5568]

Thank you so much for explaining this I've been searching for an easy explanation for long and now here I am well equipped with the knowledge that you've provided.

[@user-zh4mf8jo6d]

I find this video many time ! Thanks a lot for this and all videos. Respect. It's for us starting doctors ophthalmology elixir of the knowledge!!!♥️♥️♥️🙏

[@gipsy41x]

Thank you so much Ma’am for saving my time 🙌

[@debjitroy3734]

Thank you...for a layman like me it was good to know such brief and just

[@milanpatel7283]

Simple & easy to get till now I think no one can make astigmatism such a easy way thanks

[@32mrmanic1]

Wow such an awesome video you really helped me to fully understand Astigmatism types & decipher the prescriptions & meanings & all I have is a simple passing interest in this but you broke it down so well I feel like an expert now. Great job. Your examples at the end are top notch by the way. Excellent video.

[@sushmachowdarymandava5164]

Wow mam! The most simplified version out there. Very helpful. Thank you

[@manishagrahari8444]

Amazing explanation ma'am ❤️❤️

[@binteismail6444]

Best explanation so far. Thankyou Madam

[@XxxxxsilvermistxxxxX]

Thank you, ma'am! This largely eliminates the need for a pen and paper to transpose each time to arrive at a diagnosis.

[@sanmedhi]

Much needed video for pg .

[@mariateresapaguio7799]

Thank you so much so easy to understand the explanation 😊

[@profbakrawy]

perfect, thank you.

[@discoversoil979]

It was very helpful... Thank you

[@vasileaugustincalistru1842]

Thank you so much!

[@rutvishah8435]

Thank you so muchh, this is very helpful

[@jesnuannmathew]

Thank you so much mam it was very help full. Nice teaching 🥰🥰

[@mahenurnazim6992]

Respected mam, So grateful to you. Humphrey visual field analyzer want to know about it.

[@marthabonelli8906]

Wow! This is the best explanation ever 👏 🙌

[@ophthalmologypearls]

Thanks, glad you liked it!

[@meghakamble8991]

Thank you so much mam

[@TJLahori]

Thanks a million for this easy to process under pressure method. I solved each of the example in the transposed form too just to confirm if the method holds true ( off course it does) and for practice. Thanks agoin.

[@ophthalmologypearls]

Nice. So with all that practice you can never go wrong again. Advise you practice one or two examples once a month just to keep in touch

[@JabSurgeonMet..]

​​@@ophthalmologypearlsmay we know how to determine mam whether it is against the rule or with the rule If the axis is other than 90 and 180 degree

[@nusrathali4452]

Excellent ma'am 👏👏

[@tamilselvan.r8262]

Perfect👍

[@medicine-ki5gv]

Thanks a lot doctor 🌹🙏🌹 🇮🇶

[@sandeeppandey1547]

Thank You

[@drbjn536]

Madam pls make a video on how to do retinoscopy and also comprehend the values of retinoscopy to convert it to spectacle prescription for postgraduates

[@sadekalkhateeb2745]

excellent

[@smoaz01]

if the axis are 110 or 40 then how we find the direction ?

[@tamilselvan.r8262]

Oblique

[@ranjitha_siri]

Thanks a lot Anupama mam ..the video s excellent

[@ophthalmologypearls]

Thanks, though you got my name wrong :)

[@charmolypi]

I have THREE QUESTIONS, because Google is confusing me. If I have With the rule astigmatism- is my cornea the shape of an egg rolled onto its side when viewed from the front (like looking at the longest width of a football) or and egg sitting vertical in a carton 🥚? Also, when I look at an astigmatism chart and for both eyes I see prominent on 90/270 and 60/240. What axis would be prescribed to correct this? Is it the same numbers I see on the chart or what? AND the third question. My right eye sees the above numbers on an astigmatism wheel spokes chart thing, but sometimes switches to 180/0 and 150/330 while I'm looking at it or if I blink. What is the causes for this?

[@dharanesh.ravichandran]

what about the axis having numbers 170 and 160

[@iacopoguidi7871]

Great video as all of them! But I have a question: what if the axis is different than90 or 180? I was taught that axis from 0 to 30 and 150 to 180 are with the rule, 70 to 120 against the rule, and the others are oblique.

[@ophthalmologypearls]

Thank you! Unfortunately the guidelines for inclusion in with rule and against the rule are not freely available in the literature. At least not in a reliable source. Smolin and Thoft mentions 15 degrees on either side of the vertical and horizontal as the limits. Since this is a standard book, one can take those values

[@prashantkuril.6698]

What is compound number?

[@manikadhungana3627]

T̤h̤a̤n̤k̤ y̤o̤ṳ ❤

[@dear5272]

Mam can u add video on Surgical procedures for glaucoma

[@ophthalmologypearls]

Are you an undergraduate or postgraduate?

[@dear5272]

@@ophthalmologypearls undergraduate mam

[@srihari256]

Mam can you do a video on disc changes in glaucoma . thank you

[@ophthalmologypearls]

Yes, I just need to know whether you are an undergraduate or a postgraduate

[@srihari256]

@@ophthalmologypearls Post graduate madam

[@rehanaabidi4339]

@@ophthalmologypearls j

[@sadiaislam17]

If the axis Meridian isn’t 90 or 180 then how can we find the rule of astigmatism..wheather is it WTR or ATR?

[@ophthalmologypearls]

Different books give different axes that qualify to be called oblique astigmatism. Smolin & Thoft mentions outside of 15 degrees on either side of the horizontal / vertical meridian is considered oblique astigmatism; other books mention 30 degrees. In the examination, the examiner only wants to know if you can identify based on the numbers and signs, & will not be overly concerned about oblique astigmatism

[@sadiaislam17]

@@ophthalmologypearls thanks a lot.

[@all-rounderdoctor9413]

👍👍👍

[@badrikokaia4603]

What if your axis is like 88° or 117° is that oblique astigmatism?

[@ophthalmologypearls]

Different books give different axes that qualify to be called oblique astigmatism. Smolin & Thoft mentions outside of 15° on either side of the horizontal / vertical meridian is considered oblique astigmatism; other books mention 30°. In the examination, the examiner only wants to know if you can identify based on the numbers and signs, & will not be overly concerned about oblique astigmatism

[@memorychulu3313]

Wow

[@reethumoljishnu6713]

Mam if the axis is less than 90 then it is against or with the rule

[@ophthalmologypearls]

There is no hard & fast number for this. Each reference gives a different number (from 10-30 degrees). So as a general guide - within 30 degrees of the vertical meridian can be considered as if the axis is at 90, & within 30 degrees of the horizontal meridian, the axis can be considered as if the axis is at 180

[@dr.zeeshanhameed1868]

Shouldn't example 8 be mixed hypermetropic WTR Astigmatism????? btw Thank you so much for video

[@ophthalmologypearls]

In example 8, since the signs of both sphere and the cylinder are plus, this is a compound hyperopic astigmatism. There is no such thing as a mixed hyperopic astigmatism.

[@dr.zeeshanhameed1868]

@@ophthalmologypearls oh thank you thank you, ma'am

[@dharshan5145]

Mam wat if the axis is say eg.140 , 30 deg

[@ophthalmologypearls]

All the standard books describing optics & refractive errors simply mention that if the axis is at or near 90 or 180, it is with / against the rule and others are oblique astigmatism. Most books that do give a definitive value are not standard books that one can quote. I found these lines which I am quoting from Smolin & Thoft (The Cornea, SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS AND CLINICAL PRACTICE) - "In with- the- rule astigmatism, the steepest meridian is within plus or minus 15 degrees of being vertical " and "In against- the- rule astigmatism, the steepest meridian is within plus or minus15 degrees of being horizontal." Since Smolin & Thoft is a standard book for cornea, we can take this value.

[@SomNath-cm3jn]

I have only CYL number No sphere

[@Myfaceagain]

What does with the rule astigmatism mean

[@ophthalmologypearls]

With-the-rule astigmatism is astigmatism where the vertical meridian is more myopic (horizontal meridian more hypermetropic) & against-the-rule astigmatism is astigmatism where the horizontal meridian is more myopic (vertical meridian more hypermetropic)

[@jesnuannmathew]

Mam can you please explain transpositions also

[@ophthalmologypearls]

Here is the video kzbin.info/www/bejne/iKPappaPn6xlj7M

[@tamilselvan.r8262]

+1.00DS/-1.00DS ×90 .IN VIDEO 1.16 SAYS simple astigmatism, but in another video says it is mixed astigmatism,please clarify mam

[@ophthalmologypearls]

@tamilselvan.r8262 This is without a doubt simple hyperopic astigmatism. Transpose & you will realise

[@tamilselvan.r8262]

@@ophthalmologypearls thank you madam 🫡🫡

[@otiebrown9999]

Thank you. Very confusing.

[@srinivasreddydandu7849]

Madam than q

[@anandrajkumar9046]

👍🙏🙏🙏🙏🤝

[@soniarani1385]

Hindi me bhi bnao ek video