5V 2A SMPS - test, teardown, schematic, explanation, improvements

Today let's take a look at a 5V 2A switching power supply module. Let's test it, draw its schematic, explain how does it work, find its problems and fix them.
You can support me on Patreon:
/ diodegonewild
My Instagram:
/ savage_danyk

[@gordonwedman3179]

Just wanted to say how much I appreciate the schematics you draw. Really helps understanding how the circuit works. Appreciate your sense of humour as well.

[@mamun088]

It was more educational than my 4 years of engineering degree. Thank you. :)

[@mehdirezai5347]

True

[@gamiwv]

It would be a blessing to have him as a teacher when I was (many-many years ago) student

[@BillAnt]

DiodeGoneWild's hand drawn schematics are legendary, they are displayed in a museum next to Picasso... this guy has the knowledge and super patience to actually do it. :D Probably the Chinese manufacturers are coping it straight from his diagrams (which in turn was originally made in China). lol

[@catalinbadalan4463]

@Jad Warren You were right!!!! Nobody gives a shit.

[@nin1ten1do]

ya and delivery him that back.. to have some more content is endless loop-.-

[@keen2461]

I've been investigating about SMPS for a few days now, and this is by far the best explanation on the net. Very comprehensive and easy to understand. Thanks a lot for your time and sharing your knowledge.

[@pierre7127]

Big thank you for this reverse engineering. You put a lot of effort to explain it as much as possible and even to improve the circuit. I really appreciate it.

[@MrMaxeemum]

Superb explanation as always. Thank you for going in depth yet again.

[@atexnik]

The most detailed explanation of how SMPS works. Recently was fixing one adapter, and it had this 22u/50V capacitor dead, because of which the controller was constantly restarting, just as you described in your video. Subscribed!

[@bertholtappels1081]

“This video is getting quite long.” It’s been not even 40 minutes. What are you talking about? More SMPS analysis like these please. You are a superb explainer. And yes I’ve seen all the previous ones too.

[@Vilvaran]

Well if you liked this, he has a website: danyk.cz I've learnt a lot about transformers and switched mode power supplies from this guy...

[@bertholtappels1081]

Oh-ooo... rabbit hole. Thanks! And thanks to google translate, too. Now my evening is done for 😁

[@Akash.Singh4]

36:09 , love your pwm technique.😂

[@Amanullah-dx5uy]

😂

[@Debraj1978]

Its WHM (With hand modulation).

[@atmanandmaya2090]

@@Debraj1978, specifically say HOMCPWM (Hand Operated Mind Controlled Pulse Width Modulation)

[@a.lisnenko]

Great! Don't be afraid to make long videos! Thanks for the explanation, it was really great this time! It was very good that you have decided to tell people what you think needs to be upgraded! Next time show how you unsolder and solder elements, people will learn how to do it.

[@coldfinger459sub0]

That was an excellent breakdown and explanation after watching your videos for two years I almost think I could attempt to build my first very simple switch mode power supply. I’ve built several linear power supplies those are very simple.

[@keithking1985]

I love this guy. Iv learnt more from his videos than any others. He's the only one who goes over everything in the circuit

[@robertthompson5908]

Do it! It’s challenging but fun. These videos are really helpful.

[@kapegede]

A video is never too long as long as it is entertaining. Thanks for your explanations!

[@adithyapillai4259]

Hands down the best explanation of a Switch Mode Power Supply. Thank you Buddy 😄

[@annyan904]

Best explanation of power supply circuit till now.....hats off....just simply love your work

[@jsrada29]

You are the BEST!! Thank you for this explication

[@youcanlearnanything8564]

I watch a lot of EE videos online, but nobody explains this as well as you do. Keep up the good work!

[@williamschmidt-hansen6311]

I really enjoyed this video and learned a couple of things along the way. Thanks for creating such good content!

[@Miata822]

This was a wonderfully detailed video. I am constantly learning more from your videos.

[@princebanini]

Really impressive. I love your tear downs. probably one of the best on youtube

[@1pcfred]

Great depth of explanation.

[@allexandruprroca6713]

Man , you need a temperature tester. :)>)))

[@funkolog]

that would be boring. its more Mc Gyver like with those wet wipes

[@romanhanajik3185]

@@funkolog my stomach hurts if i see finger over these rabish isolations/devices.

[@Akash.Singh4]

I think you should have to gift him.

[@sarezer]

You don't need it when your finger can measure temperatures like "hot" and "super hot".

[@starrlucky6549]

Someone from techno companies totally should donate one of infrared thermal cameras already. We have 120k subscribers, what the heck?

[@Doveroman]

Perfektne a zrozumitelne vysvetlene, velka vdaka. Konecne som nasiel co som hladal.

[@Bambinz92]

Very very good, in the next video you can misure some signals with the oscilloscope (noise, ripple, drive signal, ecc) so we can see the differente between supply with no tuning and with tuning!!

[@zesbijzes2]

This is a perfect reverse engineering example. Fenomenale explanation. Thanks, I learned alom!

[@zesbijzes2]

A lot, of course...

[@xicath]

really expert professional but simple explanations, easy to follow for amateurs like me

[@garypoplin4599]

Well done! I learn much from these videos that show schematics with accompanying explanation.

[@mysock351C]

I think the sizzling capacitors is probably one of the better demos of why ESR and placement matters. That's insane that its all blimped out afterwards and the diode is oozing god knows what.

[@mysock351C]

Missed the part of him soldering to it, but YT doesn't allow me to edit because Im too non-PC.

[@Wraithan]

This video is great! I just recently fixed a 12V 2A SMPS that had a cap fail and dry out. After replacing it I found the diode right next to it was getting super hot just like in this video. I'm looking forward to trying lowering the voltage rating of the diode to hopefully lower the heat and make the caps last longer.

[@mohalothman99]

Could someone donate him a proper thermal camera please? Cause he freak me out every time he touch a smps components with bare hand!

[@TheEmbeddedHobbyist]

would not pass the low voltage directive required for CE making in the EU with that level of isolation in the transformer. the mains winding would also need to be double insulated where it passed near the other windings as it makes its way to the pins. most of these power supplies have reasonable PCB gaps and spacings but let down by a few turns of some coloured tape between windings. great description of how it works by the way.

[@TheEmbeddedHobbyist]

@Против Глобалes it's self certification, but when it come to a power supply you have to show compliance to the LVD, low voltage directive, which in turn means that you have to show compliance to EN60950 for IT equipment, or EN61010 for industrial , scientific. I have spent 10's of thousands £ to produce the documentation to prove that the product we sell is safe. if you buy a product from china and then sell it on ebay, you are placing that product on thee market in the EU. if it kills somebody I hope you have a large house to sell to pay off the fines. third party testing is done so that your product liability insurance will pay up. UL, TUV, and a few more to boot make a lot of money out of CE third party testing. just try to self-cert a medical device! that comes under CE marking. sorry that's it a bit long but I spent 3 years bringing CE marked equipment up to date with the directives and as I said maybe spent £500000, if we felt we could just put the mark on, then we wasted 1/2 million pounds.

[@puriap250]

Excellent video. Thank you very much for going in such detail and explaining things so well.

[@DrHouse-zs9eb]

Love your long Videos! Great explenation, your knowledge is astonishing!

[@vegtersbaas]

Power supplies are complex beasts. Thanx for helping me about the purpose of different components.

[@lez7875]

greetings from Brazil to all. 0:32 what ??? where is the assistant cat ??? ``fired´´??? very good. success.

[@Basement-Science]

Those 1kV rated capacitors in place of the class-y capacitor are *Completely Unacceptable.* I have actually had one of those fail short-circuit in a similar power supply. It passed enough current to blow up the fuse and a 16A circuit breaker. I was lucky that I touched the output with something grounded and not my hand.

[@romanhanajik3185]

what is the standart voltage for these power supplays in EU and USA? I found "Class X and Y capacitors are also given a number to represent their impulse test rating. The most common are X1 (tested to 4,000 volts), X2 (2,500 volts), Y1 (8,000 volts) and Y2 (5,000 volts)."

[@Basement-Science]

@@romanhanajik3185 Most class-X rated capacitors are rated for 275Vac I believe, although higher rated capcitors can still be class-X. Class X mainly means that it will always fail in _short circuit._ That way it should blow a fuse instead of polluting the grid with interference. Class-y caps are usually rated for various higher voltages. Apparently Y1 have to be rated for at least 500Vac, but Y2 and worse can be rated lower than that. Most importantly, they absolutely have to fail open-circuit to avoid the possibility of electric shock.

[@valdisblack1541]

hah, not only you have one in short... this whole thing looks like a chinese suicide lottery

[@valdisblack1541]

@Liam yep)))

[@guttenflax]

thanks. I've never watched a video explaining so well the feedback circuit of a psu.

[@atalakeanumonarshi129]

Good video! Nice! Sadly I watch it in a blackout with my annoyingly loud generator. But remember, quality over quantity. You didn't need to upload video frequently. Like ElectroBOOM. Less but more quality and professional video. Keep your hard work!

[@vpertys]

do you live in indonesia?

[@BillAnt]

I've tried watching ElectroBoom, but that dude is outright crazy... too much yelling and acting, not my cup of tea. lol

[@electronic7979]

Helpful video 👍

[@bennaambo2716]

Haha so epic just randomly saying “and here is my dog which is scared of thunder” 😂😂😂

[@user-gp8il5hj4x]

superb explantion sir. i would this should be vedio played in every engineering class so student actualy understand concept very clear. thanx lot for your dedication and hardwork. cheers to u and your growing channel

[@czartraktheprotogen]

"It's just way too hot too touch" *Continues to touch it*

[@michaeld9682]

A more educational version of elecroboom

[@rougeleroux6803]

The amount of effort put into making this explantion video is superb and very informative as always man we wish u get that thermal camera and i wish success to your channel as i've learned alot watching your videos i might say electroboom is so overated when compared to you man your a legend kudos!

[@arpadprp1778]

Man, you are fantastic expert, presenting very well.

[@alphonsesynrem28]

Awesome!!!! Your explanation is like Stroking a Cat, patiently and gently for quite a long time. very very nice .

[@alichank]

I would love if i could get this load tester. Can you send it please?

[@ramamurthynatesan3368]

one of the best you tube video on smps.very painstakingly done. please keep it up

[@keithking1985]

So all in all it would have been a good unit only for the mistake with the diode and cap been next to each other.. (and the isolation) Love the way you go over everything in the schematic 👏👍 no one eles dose that....

[@brucel.6078]

Outstanding video!!!!! Thanks!!!!

[@omart.n.2752]

very great work as usual, lot of new information for a good design, thanks.

[@gamiwv]

Scissors are a very misunderstood tool Excellent presentation and analysis (speaking as hardware engineer myself)

[@hernancoronel]

Great video thank you! Challenge for next time: buy two and create a better version using the parts of the second one, a custom PCB and replace the parts you think should be replaced with better parts and isolation.

[@brucel.6078]

My brain broke about 37 times watching this. You are genius!

[@danielugwa6517]

what a nice guy heaven bless you sir. you are truly a teacher and a brain giver thank you sir. what a man

[@gordonrobertson102]

Great video. I love your diy electronic load, I built something similar for testing power supplies.

[@smartech62]

thank you love the way you talk , and ex plane slowly , I just repaired a switch mod supply with the help of your video.

[@ch2o2]

..always almost breaks my heart when you back-engineer transformers because afterwards the (nice) module can't be made running any longer (unless you wind it again, what I don't think). The information of how many terms of wire-winding and isolation-windings aren't necessary for understanding the circuit ...but I know, you always want to do it more than perfectly ...love your videos (and your genius style of measuring temperatures :D ) ...brilliant

[@superdau]

These videos are more instructive than about keeping the items alive. Although the circuit is almost textbook and better than most cheap power supplies, the implementation had a few flaws already anyway. So not too much is lost by tearing everything apart.

[@ch2o2]

my little objection was only to the transformer ..what's the point of knowing how many terns? Can one draw any conclusions from this, I don't think so (well, apart from the plus of information about the goodness of the isolation)

[@drprofesszor]

36:08 this PWM frequency is very low ;) and no EMI filter between "you" and mains. :D

[@utpalrathod415]

Can u please explain how to calculate snubber circuit resistor and capacitor value for Smps? I want to make Smps 🙂🤔

[@keithking1985]

That's a good question

[@Gengh13]

I would love to see a video of this with a couple of scope shots with different snubbers.

[@Donphan1]

Watch this (from 12:00): kzbin.info/www/bejne/opKrf2eOo5psoqs I tried this method in simulation and it worked nice

[@nunolourenco1532]

There are now some infrared array cameras (32x24 + interpolation, if I recall it right) on ali. These are based on the mlx90640 or similar and are found around 80-90$.There are some other for smart phones from a company called hti (hti ht-102, if I'm not wrong) but they seem hit and miss (probably depends on the smartphone also), these costed around 120$ last time I've checked. You can also build one yourself with the mlx chip and an esp32 and a screen... the chip is expensive (50-60$) so, all together, it might be close to the 80-90 mark...

[@phouleng]

Good explaining.

That diode at 6:56 has gone wild! :) Great explanation, thank you!

[@laszlovona]

f*k, it all seem so self explanatory and straightforward when the schematic is drawn :). But until then... these PSs are some kind of black magic for me haha 😂 Great tuition as always! 👍 (I am EE but less and less involved in hw)

[@theoldbigmoose]

haha they are still "black magic"! Try designing the transformer from scratch. Its a skill I want to master...

[@philosborn3748]

Well explained mate. The best I’ve read or heard. Where was your training? Me, i was RAEME Military. But your explanation was A1 and I loved it. Thanks.👍👌😊🤓

[@0Gviii08]

Man your utube Channel is great!! I enjoy watching your teardowns and schem, greetings from México

[@pirataga]

You're awesome, Diode!

[@hqiu6828]

What kind of MOSFET and Potentiometer are used in the test load?

[@TheCarlos206]

Beautiful explanation man!--Thanks

[@edgeeffect]

I love your stuff that you made years ago..... it reminds me of my own childhood.

[@domen6005]

"Now just for fun let's install it in an enclosure" HAHAHAHHA! Made my day! Thank you! You make me laugh but I also learn a lot from you even though I would say I already know a few things. I did not know about how higher temperatures could lead to electrolytic capacitors failing sooner.

[@ziongite]

I like a board where it's all on top and where there is decent spacing between components, makes it more easy to repair.

[@carlossartori1818]

Great post, keep up your quality videos that are true special lessons!

[@umutk5614]

Very nice video as usual, i didn't understand all but with every video i understand more with your good explanation. Thank you 🙂

[@thogreen]

Thanks for explaining the operation of the IC startup network (at 15:00) Also thanks for explaining the Passive Clamp (snapper Net at 20:35)

[@marekant7776]

Diode, do You accept packages? I want to send You some thing for teardown, and some components.

[@kalle48]

I love your videos!

[@uK8cvPAq]

You think upping the switching frequency would of helped or was that transformer just not very good?

[@Krunalbhongade]

The best video on smps I have ever seen. Thanks a lot 😀

[@johnhill3507]

Great video thanks for all your time and work

[@fullbridgeelectric]

Danyk, u are the best in your videos man! Kasyan tv is 2nd after u! I learned much from chip capacitor. Thanks

[@electroumit]

Thank you. Try connect resistor and capacitor to SR510 for snubber circuit. (may be lower heating)

[@phonicwheel933]

Brilliant explanation DGW.

[@saadaldossri5348]

Thanks, could you rewind the transformer with new a good wire? And it is good if the out voltage is 24v with 2A.

[@bertholtappels1081]

I was thinking the same. It would be a perfect supply after that.

[@SamSpiri]

Yes! This will be very satisfying to watch you make a perfect usb charger

[@saadaldossri5348]

@Liam 50 watts is sufficient.

[@saadaldossri5348]

@Liam We want get only the knowledge, If it is difficult then forget it.

[@privatepage7670]

Nice

[@TomiHakkarainen]

Nice and entertaining as always. thank you for these. looking forward for the next 👌🧐

[@srpatnaik4548]

Excellent Info...Greetings from India.

[@bryomuch]

4:00 hahhaahahaha ,somebody wasn't sober at the factory

[@DanMcAfee]

The PWM almost had me P-ing my pants from laughing too hard. And as if that wasn't enough, you then cinched it with the scissors.

[@bisratteshome3518]

it was best explanation!! specially for starters like me !!

[@jstro-hobbytech]

Those interferance filters cost a fortune. The makerspace near me paid over 200 for like 12 of them in a kit from digikey. I helped myself to half of them when they offered. I donated like 4k worth of components and a bunch of gear. Its probably way more actually but they needed it. I have a bunch of more stuff to take over when i fix some gear for them and im gonna pilfer a few more components theyll never use haha. I have a 3 month hospital stay coming up soon and im gonna make them a bunch custom music related circuits and the parts and documentation for students to play with. You need to get a 3d printer man. You have the influence to hit up qidi for a high end one. I have one but only use it for things that wont wnd up in the trash. Ive been making signs for local business owners i know and printing rc kits to donate to people who want to use the courses im building. I have açcess to a tractor.

[@theoldbigmoose]

Great teardown. Would be good to add discussion and measurement of the air gap on the transformer. That is critical to this supplies operation

[@Sangun728]

Load for power adapter with power TR / how to make that simple load ?

[@alec4672]

Your accent mixed with your fluent English sounds really cool 🤙😋

[@mrj2848]

Great video. From the Moment the dog was introduced I couldn't stop laughing.

[@saschakolb7102]

This characteristics of overload is named hicks mode, I think. For charging my 280 Ampere hours Lithium battery in my mobile home I searched for overload characteristics which continuous power mode. I found a 70 Amps Meanwell power supply which 100-230V > 12 to 15 Volt adjustable with 70 or 75 Ampere max and I calibrated it to 0,45 Volts below the maximum allowed for my battery (14.6V). The "last % does a solar charger with its specific LiFePo Characteristic. And of course I use a self made emergency stop if Voltage Parameters are going out of specifications of my 280Amphrs rechargeable LiFeMgO Battery. It works very well.

[@azmrblack]

I have bought a few of these off eBay, they are actually very good power supplies, but I would never run it at the maximum current rating, which IIRC is 2A for the 5V model you have. Still, a great power supply, and bulletproof with your improvements.

[@rabihnasr7228]

Incredible explaining woow thank you

[@johnfrank6302]

Great videos, please keep them coming. When you mark the winding polarity of a transformer while reverse engineering a circuit what steps do you use to determine the phase of each winding or is it an educated guess based on the topology?

[@DiodeGoneWild]

I use both :). A flyback just has to have this polarity, but I also check the direction of the windings. When unwinding the transformer, I notice if the ends of the winding are crossed or not. Then I take a look how they are connected on the board. This tells me the polarity.

[@enredao_electronico2737]

@@DiodeGoneWild love your videos !! What was the winding wire dimensions?? Greetings from Dominican Republic.

[@sanosanbaby]

awesome! Thank you!

[@jp040759]

Excelent job as always. Thank you.

[@younesthabet]

what's the power dissipation when it's not connected to a load? and what was the diode you put instead of the SR5100? can i get the part reference for the transformer?what's the capacity of X2 cap you put for DMI suppression?