Discovering Unknown Polygonal walls in Lusitania - Portugal

[@micquelinegreen]

Thank you so much for your very informative videos. Your channel is the absolute best on the cyclopean walls out there. It's so refreshing to watch well researched videos, instead of fantasy alien explanations for these walls. Thank you for your hard work. So happy I found your channel. 😊

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

wow! thank you so much. to be honest I don't think there is no other channel that's dedicated to cyclopean walls, thus it made my work easier :)

[@VINTERIUM..EXPLORIUM.1]

Nice Work & Video 👍

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Thank you. Happy to see you around.

[@AlicesCatinWonderland]

Cool ! Meltology

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

what that means?

[@AlicesCatinWonderland]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Structure turned into rock after being nuked or something like that ... ;-)

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

oh!

[@chuckspencer8540]

they were carved and melted by heat. directed energy technology.they were lifted by levitation,using sonic frequency technology!!!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@chuckspencer8540 I have looked at chemical approaches to stonework and got to the (personal) conclusion that would be massively expensive and not worth it for more than a handful of stones. Here is the thing: kzbin.info/www/bejne/j4GviXqYa7ile80 Hope you like it.

[@arvont1]

Excellent video, thank you for sharing your knowledge

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Thank you. Happy that you liked it.

[@Davidbirdman101]

Great job man. I love these little out of the way places. They're so interesting and mysterious. I just subscribed to your channel. Thumbs up!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Thank you! Happy to see you around. Been doing this for year now, so hope you enjoy catching up to the older videos.

[@romeufrancisco7041]

I was in Citânia de Briteiros last year. Amazing place and well preserved. This is indeed a page of our history that should come to light. I loved your video btw! Keep up the good work!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Thank you. Happy you liked. I hope you like this one too: kzbin.info/www/bejne/eHrad2Cjg8uCm8k

[@phillipscott7653]

Good videos..your talking about , the evidence the mainstream avoids. Good to see. Cheers from Oz.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Thank you so much!

[@johnryan2193]

Very interesting content, thanks for showing these amazing building's.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Thank you. Happy to see you around the channel.

[@petrismaximus]

Enjoed the vid 😃

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

hey! long time no see.

[@petrismaximus]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Been busy doing things and been away, so not been at my PC for a while (I hate watching the stuff I'm interested on my phone). It felt pretty good to watch your channel again 👍👍

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@petrismaximus Happy to have you back! I also hate using the phone, too small, but in my case that's because I'm old.

[@tomasthesame]

Your research is great.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Thank you.

[@Uap-i3o]

That square building is amazing.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Yes it is! I love it. Its on a quite remote area of Portugal, so hardly anyone visits. It's said to be "Roman", from 1 AD/BC, but the building technique is not Roman, so I believe it's another Lusitanian mix, like the Lapedo Child (neanderthal/Cro-Magnon mix). There are a ton of legends about it. It's called Centum Cellas, meaning "100 cells", due to being built for a prison of that size, an obvious exaggeration. Also called Saint Cornelius, due to the saint having been imprisoned there, despite that saint being a Pope, in Rome, in the 3rd century. And that's basically everything that it is known about it.

[@amgdotlondon]

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centum_Cellas

[@brockg6194]

My first time hearing of these locations. Thank you for sharing your knowledge and experiences with us.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Thank you. I found the perfect excuse to indulge in my obsession with these walls.

[@mtgreek]

Nunca pensei que este tópico me fosse interessar - estava redondamente enganado - Excelente trabalho, obrigado!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Obrigado eu. Sugiro um outro video que espero não desapontar: kzbin.info/www/bejne/eHrad2Cjg8uCm8k

[@historymythslegends]

Another great video. Most of these sites were new to me.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Obrigado. And to me also. Earlier this year saw a picture of the wall in Sabroso, that is the only fully polygonal with precise fitting. Then checked all the videos youtube has to offer on the site. That is not much. Finally this July visited the local and is quite a disappointment. It's all consumed by vegetation, is closed to the public, trespassed and could not find the bigger wall it shows in the older video, or worse, is reduced to half the size.

[@historymythslegends]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Portugal sites and monuments are only maintained when generating money, those that do not are left in abandonment. Remember what I told you about the Lapedo Child location? Abandoned and closed. On the other hand, I just found out this morning that Almendres now has a walkway, and we no longer have access to the Stones. By the way, this happened because they found another stone, covered in vegetation. They are now 95 standing stones,

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@historymythslegends sad but true. Hope we get to bring more people to these places and help turn the cycle around. Just for that your project deserves to be successful.

[@historymythslegends]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Thank you. We are definitely working on it.

[@Uap-i3o]

Amazing

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

thanks! Happy you liked it.

[@jgjfgbs]

Excelente vídeo e texto. Bom trabalho e espero no futuro mais documentários sobre a "nossa" Lusitânia.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Obrigado. Acho que vai gostar deste: kzbin.info/www/bejne/eHrad2Cjg8uCm8k

[@pbohearn]

I heard about the Dolmens in Alentejo near Evora. They were well off the beaten track on a country road that turned into a dirt road, and when we arrived, there was only a few French people there viewing this site that looked very much like Stonehenge and definitely was a sacred ground. I was humbled and fascinated. We know nothing of these people but here they’ve left this. I was told that no archaeologist even knew about this site until well into the 1970s the only people that knew about it were the shepherds.there’s so much for us to discover

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Almendres. It's a magnificent site. Loved it. One of the convenient things about cyclopean walls or megalithic structures is that they are not packed with tourists, making the visit less stressful. On the other hand, not all people like the visit. I drag my family to all sorts of sites and they never seem to be impressed by it.

[@stevekane4922]

That's a "crómlech". The crómlech dos Almendros near Évora is the oldest in western Europe. About 8k years BP. It just reopened last week after six months to regenerate the grass.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

​@@stevekane4922 yes, loved that place. and you are right, I should have answered Zambujeiro, that is just nearby. But Almendres was in my mind because it just got 1000 years older. It is now accepted that the megalithic age is 8k years old and not 7ky as before.

[@jesperandersson889]

You made the breakthrough these technologies we held on to and are part of cultures and their intermingling(s) wow - beyond wow

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Thank you so much. You made my day. Hope you enjoy the other videos in the channel.

[@garrenosborne9623]

Im loving the AI comedy to make your rhetorical point! Thanks for highlighting these Walls i had not come across them before. Am looking forward to seeing if any more sites pop up - especially in Season 2 Ancient Apocalypse.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Really happy that you liked the comedy part. I like doing these very silly bits, but unfortunately, they tend to be some of the less popular videos on the channel (maybe I'm bad at it). For you who liked that bit, here's some other comical ideas: kzbin.info/aero/PLKwIrwES8a6megNM4Lr6aI4tA2oiycim0

[@ArnoWalter]

This is crazy!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

:) Quite happy with it.

[@ArnoWalter]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall What is this Centrum Cellas structure?! I thought it is AI and I had to google it. There is no information on it whatsoever. Was it found like this? Is it a reconstruction? How old? What materials? Edit: I just found an interesting vid on it and a twin structure in Turkey kzbin.info/www/bejne/qH7MZ4ybnL5sgcUsi=n0XlI2godZBhCcxB

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@ArnoWalter Centum Cellas is here: maps.app.goo.gl/6FNvbDGPBF53VysSA (copying from another comment) It's on a quite remote area of Portugal, so hardly anyone visits. It's said to be "Roman", from 1 AD/BC, but the building technique, no mortar, is not Roman, so I believe it's another Lusitanian mix, like the Lapedo Child (neanderthal/Cro-Magnon mix). There are a ton of legends about it. It's called Centum Cellas, meaning "100 cells", due to being built for a prison of that size, an obvious exaggeration. Also called Saint Cornelius, due to the saint having been imprisoned there, despite that saint being a Pope, in Rome, in the 3rd century. And that's basically everything that it is known about it.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@ArnoWalter Great video with the awesome Guilherme showing us around. I met him in Sintra just the other day.

[@jesperandersson889]

wow and wow again

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

:) :)

[@brunogarcia8565]

I had no idea there were these many cyclopean walls in Portugal. I knew about Panóias, and I have personally visited S. Jens, near Celorico da Beira (similar to Panóias). Need to check these ones out!!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Me neither. early this year I found one academic paper about a place called "castro da cidadelha de jales" that had some picture that looked polygonal. Had a lot of trouble locating that place, as there was only one photo online for it. Then I started studying the Castro culture and found one clip of 2 seconds in a video with the wall in Castro Sabroso. In July went to visit those places, take some footage and they are both abandoned and the walls are barely visible. Then in September found Yeclas and Merchanas in Salamanca. And well, there we have it, my best performing video so far. It was a bit of luck and obsession because the authorities, academics have disdain for polygonal walls and hardly mention them. Now, have no idea what to do next.

[@ednafernandes7054]

We went to visit , May this year, the Castro de Santa Luzia, in Vianna do Castelo. Incredible

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Maravilha. Was it well preserved? In July was in Sabroso and it was closed and covered with vegetation. A bit sad. Hope to get people interested in them.

[@ednafernandes7054]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall yes well preserved, there is small office/ store, they charge $2 Euros, I think. U can’t step near structures, there is a long wood deck around the whole area, we loved.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@ednafernandes7054 good to know! Thanks

[@Vancy432]

The Royal Kurgan, known as the “Tomb of Mithridates,” lies near Kerch. Kurgans, prevalent in the Bronze Age, span from Altai to Caucasus, Romania, and Bulgaria. These burial mounds reflect various cultures, including Scythians, Sarmatians, Huns, and Kipchaks. Archaeologist Marija Gimbutas suggests Proto-Indo-Europeans, proficient in copper metallurgy and horse breeding, initiated this burial tradition. Descendants, notably Iranians and Scythians, continued this practice, creating large kurgans for kings. In Kazakhstan, some exceed 200 meters in diameter, dating back to the first millennium BC

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Hi It's a good point, here's some jumble of ideas, still working on this maybe for a future video, sadly not looking like a future trip in Crimea. The Kurgans are young, about 3cBC at most. Aryans would have entered Eastern Europe 30BC, 3 thousand years earlier. By the time the Scythians were doing Kurgans, the cyclopean constructions were about extinct in Europe. Thus, I currently tend to the idea that: - Khazak Kurgans are an imported idea from some of the earthmounds around the world. - The Royal one in Crimea, beautiful as it is, is a Classic Greek project overseas. Maybe I'm very wrong about all this.

[@nigelliam153]

It’s amazing just how common these walls are, no need to go to Peru just hop in the car and drive around the corner 😊 Have you ever looked into the Kaimanawa Wall in New Zealand, Some say it’s megalithic, others say natural.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Thanks. Talking about hopping in a car and getting to ... New Zealand :) I know nothing about those walls and there is surprisingly little footage of them. My guess, it's natural, based on ignorance, probably.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@Joe-sg9ll could be. As mentioned, I know almost nothing about them.

[@CMeosuarra]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall kzbin.info/www/bejne/rIXIaXWQhpZql80

[@stevekane4922]

My village is full of these walls. Last really tall one I saw being made from the ground up (about 6m) was made by two old guys in their 80s with just simple block and tackle, a crowbar each, sledge hammer and mason's pick. The stone was brought from elsewhere where they'd split it from a good boulder and put the oldest and biggest slabs on an ox cart about a decade before and the rest came by tractor. They took a couple of weeks as they felt like it because it was their own project on one of their properties. They make it look really easy but they were multi-generational masons. But every village traditionally has a couple of families, they made and maintained watermills and dressed millstones. There is no magic nor mystery here. I've had groups of three guys work with far larger rocks, bigger than an American fridge in our house raising them well above head height with only crowbars and smaller stones. Using similar principles there was little they couldn't do up to the size of a car, with a half dozen guys. They can also cut any shape they like out of granite including 5m long vine supports only 20cm sq. Thousands of generations of practice.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Deceptively simple, but the trick is the test of time. Near my home there's also stretch of "dry stone" wall (brackets because it's poorly done). The wall is barely 50 years old and is 2/3 collapsed. Whilst that some of the old polygonal walls are 100 times older and taller. Getting people to build a couple of 2meters tall rock pile to last a generation is easy, making a 10 meters tall nearly vertical wall still stand after a few millenia, that's another ball game.

[@chuckspencer8540]

i live in Portugal and recently found a large stepped pyramid,now covered by grass!!!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

wow. Where?

[@johncunningham9094]

Whereabouts in Portugal please? I live here and would like to see that.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@johncunningham9094 Me two.

[@SuperRobinjames]

Thanks

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

You too.

[@SXMSXMSXM]

I realy enjoyed the comparison to asterix and obelix comic (and disinfo) books. "They concurred the whole of Iberia?" "No a small village/ peoples hold their ground and customes. To use that as exemplar is great. Happens all the time.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Oh, so happy you liked it. It's my favorite bit, had fun with it, it's extra rewarding knowing you liked it. Specially because I'm a super Asterix fan, it's the second time it makes cameos: kzbin.info/www/bejne/ipTMpYKFnrtlmLM

[@gundisaluusmenendiz]

Holy sheeet, you just opened up a whole new venture for me! Did you notice the Citania de Briteiros also has Polygonal walls? wow! Citânia de Briteiros - Destino Norte by Porto CanalAve on You Tube.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

yeah, right! I guess this is my proudest discovery. I was mind blown when knowing there is polygonal masonry in Portugal and so far it feels like I was the first to notice.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

noting that most of the buildings have used mortar, only a part of the constructions are dry-stone (piled random shapes) and a small number, usually right by the main entrance are in fact polygonal (with shaped stone to interlink)

[@gundisaluusmenendiz]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Probably part of the reconstruction, but I see it everywhere look towards the bottom, I can't believe they don't mention it.

[@gundisaluusmenendiz]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Do you know how many times I watched these programs and never noticed it? You blew my mind when you made me notice it, now it even makes more sense to me why Mycenaean pottery in a way resembles ancient Iberian style and Spartans resemble Etruscan, where no one knows where these groups came from.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@gundisaluusmenendiz like I said in the other comment. I'm happy to have found it, but quite sad no one else know about this. I wish I had a bigger platform x.com/1eyedgiantwalls/status/1844786782476382356

[@HeffalumpHorralump1]

Great video as per. Could you use little fluffy clouds by the orb in an upcoming video please?

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Thanks! Feel like a DJ with with song requests. Love it. Unsure about the fluffy clouds, I've noticed that when I choose a song with a sharper beat, reaction is worse than with a smother rhythm, and it has real effect in the video performance. Some videos bomb because of the song. But great song, happy to have more suggestions.

[@HeffalumpHorralump1]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwallmore talking heads then?! Interested to see where you’ll go with the infamous sea peoples

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

me too. I'm on a blank sheet approach, literally. Have no idea what will do :)

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

will try Talking Heads. I do Love them and will see how it feels on the edit.

[@HeffalumpHorralump1]

You’re gentleman and a scholar (and a DJ apparently)

[@GlenLake]

Great opening! Your introduction is straight forward, informative and leaves one wanting to know more. Even these small walls are awe inspiring, it's the technique not the size that matters (or so I keep telling her) . I can only imagine the culture that built Castro de Sabrosa and what went on upon those earthworks. Maybe it was an illiterate and isolated tribe of bronze age Celtic warriors making a hill fort or tomb. Bwwhahaha. LMAO! Lusitania seems to have been an advanced kingdom long before the wolf brothers of Rome conquered the 7 hills. Forced fed Propaganda confirmed. Haha, I am commenting as I watch and you are making the same hill fort jokes as me. lol, well I guess they are low hanging fruit if you are in the know. What is it with academics and their coincidences nowadays? Academics assert that most cultures were NPCs because Academics are NPCs and they can't imagine anything else. OMG, YES! when you pull out the AI comedic special effects it made my day, so Funny! Cro-Magnon and Filet Mignon rhyme? Not over here buddy, lol. Superpositioned ancient cultures? Damn, you good, yes sir! Fenicians is that a real spelling of Phoenicians? hmmm. (side note, I do not like revolving drone footage. Straight above zooming in or side to side is much better for me, not that anyone cares, I'm just a sharer)) This is your best video yet. I can't place the 80s music in the background but I love it. Congratulations sir, well done!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

I'm just a guy that makes mildly funny content on youtube :) This is your best comment, I guess. Trade secret: I don't even own a drone, all that footage is ripped from youtube. Song is: Sleeping Satellite, Tasmin Archer. I mention it in the description.

[@GlenLake]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Nice!

[@peterjol]

I am fascinated by polygonal masonry...even if you wanted to try and make a replica miniature polygonal wall out of a soft material like chalk, it would be incredibly difficult, never mind trying to create one in stone.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

welcome home brother. I'm about the most obsessed person about these walls, even made a youtube channel just for it! Give a go at the other videos, you'll probably like them. Like this one: kzbin.info/www/bejne/f3vUomWCl6ueoas

[@iliketabasco]

It is proven by English investigators/arqueologists that the Celts that exists in England, Ireland and Scotland are from coastal celtic tribes from northern iberia. Meaning that they emigrate by sea to the islands. The tip of France (Bretagne) have also the same Celtic genetics and heritages, so it means it was a place that our ancestours stoped and colonized before passing to the islands. So it means that it was some kind of separation with the lusitanians. Good relationship and trades, allies at war yes. Probably some "marriages" along the way. Even nowadays here on the north of Portugal we feel as gallaecian celts not Lusitans.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

I also read that, at the time the romans left England and the Saxons invaded, there was a large Briton exodus into Ireland and Northern Iberia. That would further complicate the definition of "Celt-Iberian". My base idea is that the Celts were the metalworkers, fighters and leaders, and the Old-Europeans, Iberians, Lusitanians etc. were the builders, but it is not a 100% straight line, is more like a trend. Happy to see you around.

[@iliketabasco]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall well, the exodus that you talk about is when Wales is forged by the original people from the British islands forced by the Britons and saxons attacks. If you search about it you will see that Wales means "stranger" I think in Saxon or Briton language. The celt-iberians are before the Roman empire so that exodus that you talk is nothing to do with it. Another fact is when the Roman empire was starting to decay (from 200 AD / 400 AD more or less) the major exodus in Iberia were made by the Germanic tribes of Suevi, Vandals, and more and after that the visigoths. So England, as you can see in the heritage of the country's surnames nowadays, the Anglo-Saxon people and British isles remained as a mark. Your theory about the celts is wrong, I strongly recommend you to do more deep search about it. The dolmens, Castros, and more were builder by them. Of course they could learn something from others and vice versa, in those times in Iberia there were trades between all the tribes existing in Iberia. and don't forget the Greek settlements, and Phoenicians that also trade with them. Fun fact is that in very ancient times the Greeks call what is Iberia of "Ofiussia" the land of worshipors of the snakes. A developed civilization. Search about it

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

I disagree. And my biggest difference with you is this bit. "The dolmens..., and more were builder by them." No, the Celts did not build Dolmens, nor Tholos, nor Menhirs. They did build Roundforts in Ireland and Castros in Gallicia, that are typical constructions predating the celts. But that was teaming up with pre-celtic populations in those places. As proven by the lack of such buildings in France and England. Like with everything that happened 2-3000 years ago, before writing we can't be sure. But there are strong indications that the Celts were not great builders, but were brilliant metal workers. Also, it seems the Celts in their later encouters (Ireland and Galicia) were like the Sueves or Visigoths, they did not change the fabric of society, they limit themselves to become intertwined with the local rulers. Maybe for the sake of numbers. Thus, dry stone continued.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

this is a very long debate, sorry for that. Here's another bit of trivia that supplies my thinking of the Celts has ruling elites controlling the iron production and living in dwellings built by the local subjects. The most popular surnames in all of Europe are: Smith, Ferreira, Ferrari, Kowal. Why? Because the people working the metal were a superior caste to those working the stones. The metalworkers were closer to the Indo-European ruling class, than the stonemasons. And if I take this a bit longer, I'll get into my crazy rant about the freemasons being the rebellion :)

[@ingbor4768]

No mapa do video em 3:18 não é a Lusitania mas a Callecia Mais tarde, Reino Suevo E mais tarde Portugal

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

No. I drew the map, so I'd know what I was aiming at, then later in the video I do try to explain it. I understand the conventional view, the mainstream academia approach that is more limited. But they nearly disregard the stones, and the stones are telling me a different story, for that I made the video. I'll explain: The Castros can be found from the northwest of Iberia, deep into the central part, near Madrid and going south at least to the east of Serra da Estrela. The most interesting features, namely the pig statues and the "necropolis" or abstract rock sculptures are not in Callecia but to the south. I even suspect some of the Galician folklore is posterior, the time of the Sueves. I thus think that the culture that built those walls in "west Iberia" was divided by later political events, being as they were a loose tribal confederacy without unified polities. I decided to call them, the walls, Lusitans, because it's the most unique name around. In all, the exonym I used should not be important, but it feels many people, including some academics are just pushing some ugly XX century political agenda and ignoring the stones.

[@kungfumaster12]

Only the high-quality polygonal walls we care about. This wall is easy to see how it was made. I can make that wall.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

True it's small and easy to build, but like it's biggest cousins, it shows a deep understanding of earthworks and a commitment to build for the ages. Are you being ironic?

[@useringeneral]

Doubt that

[@antoniobatista8009]

Olá, se calhar tb ias gostar de conhecer Castro de Monte Mozinho em Penafiel

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

yes! it's magnificent. looks well preserved. Never heard of it before, which is a shame. And the central circular building is tantalizing. Should have a similar story to the circular church featured here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mXPdi2ChndyWadE

[@SuperRobinjames]

Building a Kurgan mound is not the same as building a polygonal wall, do they even exist in the same areas?

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Earthmounds with megalithic structures inside are basically everywhere, including where we find polygonal walls. In those cases it's like a 3 step development: First some crazy stone structures, then the earthmound, finally the polygonal wall. Check this one: kzbin.info/www/bejne/l6nEh3-Oppiiqpo

[@jeanmarc5303]

in sw france , many places have "castrum" in the name . could it be related ?

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Maybe. Castro just means castle. And it is such a basic word that it is quite the same in all Indo-European languages: Kastro, Castro, Castle. Usualy such names are given to old fortified towns regardless of the builders. The version "castrum" with UM at the end, sounds to me as Latin, so I would say it refers to roman military settlements and not to pre-Roman stone fortresses like it does in Iberia. Still, if there is a chance of some cyclops being forgotten in SW France I would not like to miss it Could you point to some of those places? The Lusitanea polygonal wall that you just saw in the video was brought to my attention in a very similar way. I wish I could have another hit.

[@jeanmarc5303]

@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall I don't know off polygonal walls in France, but I discovered this theme viewing those of italy , just recently . I will keep both eyes open .

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@jeanmarc5303 let's keep looking. I was searching the web just now and it looks the older walls in France would be called "Gallo-Romain" with many of them with a brick and mortar top (later roman) and some remnants of big stone blocks on the bottom. But not polygonal. Happy to see you around.

[@chuckspencer8540]

Tha stones were melted together by heat !!!This is also how they were carved!!!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

I've searched a bit into the "chemical approach" to fit the stones and I must say, it seems possible, but more expensive than just cutting the stones Here kzbin.info/www/bejne/j4GviXqYa7ile80

[@LinceSensei]

os nossos antepassados eram muito mais inteligentes do que muitos pensam

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

yes

[@jokkadread]

Denotar que estas questões de povos antigos irá sempre ser uma verdadeira misteriosa lenda, aos quais apenas se pode especulando o seu modo de vida e dia a dia... Nesta regiao existiam os ultimos neandertais a cerca de 40.000 anos AC, mas a topologia era diferente os oceanos eram mais baixos apenas com isso já da que imaginar! Se me recordo os habitantes iniciais(homo sapians) do paleolitico aqui sao os WGH, de olhos azuis cabelos escuros e pele escura vindos de franca, trazendo consigo a cultura megalitica (antas dolmens e cromeleques). Das estepes Euroasiaticas entraram outros povos por si conhecidos pela cultura do campaniforme que por sua vez aniquilaram a cultura existente ( existem evidencias em estudos do adn que apontam na exterminacao massiva masculina mas nao na popoulaco feminina, nas ilhas britanicas esse numero dispara para 90%!) esta cultura, por sua vez re-utiliza antas como tumulos para depositar os seus mortos, o que demostra um certo nivel de equiparacao com a cultura anterior existente... esta sim será a origem do povo lusitano que comia em circulo virados para a parede de modo hierarquicamente estruturado e que dancavam aos saltos e de cocuras ao som das gaitas de foles ! ou nao!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Certo. Eu estou a tentar fazer um video sobre 3.000BC e a chegada dos Indo-Europeus, mas está bem dificil de conseguir condensar tanta coisa numa ideia só. Espero que goste deste outro video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/eHrad2Cjg8uCm8k

[@jokkadread]

certo

[@GalaicoPortucalense]

Do Douro para cima estamos a falar da localização geografica da Gallaecia (Noroeste do actual estado Português e reino de Espanha até à estaca de Bares), reconhecida pelos próprios Romanos como uma fronteira cultural distinta dai a separação da mesma, não confunda a origem verdadeira da cultura Castreja com outros povoados fortificados no território do actual Portugal, nós aqui somos Galaicos e com os Lusitanos apenas mantínhamos uma "politica de boa vizinhança" procure aprofundar um pouco mais as suas convicções...

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

I did mention that in the video. The area of the Castros is divided by 3 clans/groups and then (that is not in the video) some of the most distinctive features such as: - the strange carvings that are called necropolis - the pigs also go south of the Douro. Plus, the Celts were not great builders. They did not build anything with dry stone in 1000 years occupying France and England. So, my theory is that the Gallician Gauls are a mix breed of Celts and Iberians, and that the original builders were the Iberians. But the Iberian name is reserved for Eastern-Iberians. the best name for western-Iberians is Lusitanian.

[@gundisaluusmenendiz]

Nah I don't fall for the hype, listen to your own words, "the Basque to this day don't mix with anybody" Genetically Basque men belong to the Asian Steppes, they brought their language with them! There's no Eastern European nor Asian Steppe dna in Iberia except for the Basque's! and that's the dna that's spread throughout the Iberian Peninsula. Basque R1b might be the first to leave the Steppes and reach western Europe before the Bronze age. Etruscans were also dominated by a "Basque like" R1b and the Etruscans didn't speak an Indo European language neither. Steppe people adopted the already existing Indo European language from ancient farmers.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

you might be right, I can't be so confident, I have trouble following the genetic lines in heritage, I've read discussions online by experts arguing opposite interpretations from the same data. It seems to me the technique is quite speculative and I'm not sure on who or what to trust.

[@gundisaluusmenendiz]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall genetics is very very very political, they're trying to make us believe Indo European originated in the Steppes of Asia, without a shred of evidence. Their hypothesis is that language traveled with the chariot, which is bogus. The language was already there, how did people communicate since farming was invented some 4K yrs prior to the chariot? btw, the wheel was invented by ancient farmers, who brought their families and their domesticated animals from Anatolia all the way across Greece, the Balkans, central Europe, around the Black sea Basin and they even reached the steppes before this so called Yamnayan culture appeared. btw ancient farmers became well established seafarers there's evidence ancient farmers sea traveled from Anatolia to Cyprus and Island hopped from the eastern Mediterranean to Iberia and to west Northern Africa. But it was the chariot who spread Indo European, these people are out of their minds!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@gundisaluusmenendiz I totally agree with you. This whole "Kurgan Hypothesis" is literally coming from the Soviet Union, the guys that would rewrote the past on a daily basis, and erase photographs routinely, I don't believe a word they said. But when it is extended to genetics I don't even get not to believe or otherwise. It is so complicated, so poorly explained, so foggy, that I just have no opinion about genetic results. Sadly for me is like they don't exist, because I cannot read past the headline and the headlines are not convincing me.

[@lpsnogueira]

Centum Cellas é de construção romana

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Yes and a little bit no. Yes, it's built during the Roman period. 1AD or a bit earlier 1BC. Information for it us super vague. A little bit no, because the construction style is not Roman, it's not a typical roman building. It incorporates the stonemasonry skills of the lusitanians. I did not elaborate all this on the video, because I felt it was too long and would just be confusing.

[@DavidPereira-ot2xi]

Esquece ou estás a tentar enganar quem desconheçe esse local, Castro de Sabroso nunca foi Lusitano mas sim dos Galaicos (Guimarães e não Lisboa)

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

I did mention that in the video. The area of the Castros is divided by 3 clans/groups. Lusitaneans, Vettones and Gallician. And then (that is not in the video) some of the most distinctive features such as: - the strange carvings that are called necropolis - the pigs also go south of the Douro river. Plus, the Celts were not great stone builders. They did not build anything with dry stone in 1000 years occupying France and England. So, my theory is that the Gallician Gauls are a mix breed of Celts and Iberians, and that the original builders were the west-Iberians. But the Iberian name or word is reserved for Eastern-Iberians. So, the best name for western-Iberians is Lusitanian.

[@gundisaluusmenendiz]

Oh my lord! kzbin.info/www/bejne/mWaxhnyHgcSgibc

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

such great footage, sad that I missed this video.

[@gundisaluusmenendiz]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall We should both be ashamed of ourselves, with all the research we've done in the past and missed it right in our own backyard, make more open people's eyes. Did you see the perfection of some of those walls? I was born and raised in Alto Minho, right by River Minho across from Galicia.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@gundisaluusmenendiz you know something sad: x.com/1eyedgiantwalls/status/1844786782476382356 I wish this would reach further. Castro Sabroso is abandoned (I had to jump fence to get in) and the wall is collapsed in large places.

[@gundisaluusmenendiz]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Just had a friend of mine reply about Sabroso, he was there in 2020, this is what he had to say... 3 layers of defensive walls in the past. Nowadays only parts of the 1st one remain. Dozens of rounded houses inside it, most of them still buried for preservation as this is an open site. Some holding walls inside can still be seen. This site is nothing spectacular in the frame of the Castro Culture of Northwstern Iberia. It's main feature is that it has no signs of Romanization which allows for a good understanding of a 100% native site. It's also a satellite site from the Ethnic "capital" of the Bracari. barely 3k away, which populated all those hills. The Roman settlement created the other side of the mountain range to fight this tribe later became the city of Braga. All of the archeological findings of this site can be seen in Sociedade Martins Sarmento, in Guimarães, which serves as the largesr depository of items related to this ancient culture.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@gundisaluusmenendiz I disagree. The site is spectacular (was, it is pretty badly kept) because is the only that both it was not disturbed by the romans and has a truly polygonal wall.

[@christinehede7578]

Polygonal, yes, cyclopean, no.

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

On the present day definition of cyclopean you are right. It's a bit like the adventures of Gulliver, he goes to Italy and there he has the massive blocks in Santa Severa. Then goes to Lusitania and finds the smaller version in Sabroso. But on the old pre-classic definition they are the same thing, as per next comment

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Today the word Cyclops means one-eyed-giant with incredible strength and short temper. But that’s a modern adaptation, well, a classical one, made to add drama in theatrical plays. Originally the word Cyclops does not mean “one-eye” but “round-eye”. “Ops” is the eye part, and “Cycle” is round, like in Bicycle or Cyclone. With this translation implying the original builders, the first rulers of Europe, the brothers of Chronos, i.e. Saturn, the Cyclops, were not one-eyed giants, but round-eyed people. If this “round-eye” name was applied in China, we all know what it would mean. Some European people that had contact with the Chinese, could easily be called “the round eyes” but in Greece? What happened there? Yamnaya, that’s what happened, I think. The Yamnaya are the first Indo-Europeans to reach Europe. They bring horse carriages and the base of the languages we speak today, including Greek and “Cycle”. The Yamnaya are coming from the East, the Asian steppes, around 3000BC-2500BC, at the beginning of the Bronze Age. What if, when the Yamnaya came in contact with the Old Europeans living in Greece, started called them “Cyclops”, thus noting that the Yamnaya themselves, being from the steppes, had slanted eyes, when compared with the Old Europeans they were now meeting. All this would mean that the Cyclopean walls are the walls built by the old, rounded eyes, inhabitants of Europe, that yes, compared to the Yamnaya, were great builders.

[@christinehede7578]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall a good way of looking at it I think but sadly I think of cyclopean as meaning big.

[@TheCorinne87]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Did you know that Cyclops is thought to come from people finding elephant skulls. I only found this out recently, As the ocular cavity in their skulls is one large round hole. Check out pictures of elephant skulls to see what I mean, it's an interesting theory, there are also Asian elephants :) I enjoyed your video. New subscriber! The stone pits at the site you showed look they may have been used for olive oil processing. I saw a good explanation of the way these pits were used on KZbin its called Byzantium The lost Empire full documentary by John Romer 28.30 mins. Obviously many different cultures though out history have made olive oil. Your video made me wonder weather the stone cut outs in Japan were used for a similar process, I'm don't know if olives can grow there but perhaps to extract oil from another crop in a similar way...

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@christinehede7578 and you are right, Cyclopean in modern English does mean gigantic, and Cyclops is, since the Greek classical times, a one eyed short tempered creature. With the difference that the classic Greeks saw the Cyclops as very resourceful and skilled and we now think of them as brutes. But that was not where the word comes from. The origin for it is "round eyes" and is a name created by the Aryan/Yamnites invaders.

[@greencaravela]

rapaz... vc nao é americano nem ingles.... fale seu idioma!!! que acredido que fale PORTUGUES!!!

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

Já é tão pouca gente a ver estes videos, se eu mudasse para português, menos gente ainda ficaria a conhecer estes lugares.

[@greencaravela]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall será mesmo?? ponha legendas multiplas e todos podem ver.. o youtube traduz muito bem... Eu vejo videos em todos os idiomas dessa forma... abraços e sucesso...

[@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall]

@@greencaravela o video tem legendas, dá para escolher português ou qualquer outra lingua.

[@greencaravela]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall foi o que fiz

[@greencaravela]

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall se gosta desse tema, conheça este canal, ele é professor na area, especial dos romanos www.youtube.com/@IsaacMorenoGallo