DNA fingerprinting | Molecular basis of inheritance | detection technique | genetics

DNA fingerprinting or DNA profiling is a process used to determine the nucleotide sequence at a certain part of the DNA that is unique in all human beings.
The DNA of every human being on the planet is 99.9% same. However, about 0.1% or 3 x 106base pairs (out of 3 x 109 bp) of DNA is unique in every individual.
Thus, if DNA of any individual is digested with a restriction enzyme, fragments pattern (sizes) will be produced and will be different in cleavage site position. This is the basics of DNA fingerprinting.
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of short tandem repeats (STRs) are two main DNA tests widely used for DNA fingerprinting.
Applications of DNA Fingerprinting
1.Forensic Science
2.Paternity and Maternity Determination
3.Personal Identification
4.Diagnosis of Inherited Disorders
5.Development of Cures for Inherited Disorders
6.Detection of AIDS
7.Breeding Program
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