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Organization of Nervous System
Introduction
The nervous system is meant for the perception of the internal and external environment which respond with appropriate reactions produced by muscles, organs, and glands. The human nervous system is the most complex and versatile creation of evolution with advanced functions like cognition, learning, memory, intellectuality, personality, and many more.
Major Subdivisions of Nervous system:
• Central Nervous System- which develops from Neural tube
• Peripheral Nervous System- which develops from Neural crest cells
Components of CNS: CNS Comprises Brain and Spinal Cord.
And, Brain comprises of the cerebrum, midbrain, cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata.
Components of PNS: Autonomic nervous system (ANS), Cranial nerves, and Spinal nerves
ANS is subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic components.
Cranial nerves are 12 pairs that arise from the base of the brain and they are numbered from anterior to posterior.
1. Olfactory
2. Optic
3. Oculomotor
4. Trochlear
5. Trigeminal
6. Abducent
7. Facial
8. Vestibulochochlear
9. Glossopharyngeal
10. Vagus
11. Spinal accessory
12. Hypoglossal
Spinal nerves are 31 pairs
Eight cervicals, twelve thoracics, five lumbar, five sacral and one coccygeal.
Cells of the nervous system
The nervous system is made up of two types of cells -
1) Neurons
2) Neuroglia / Glial cells
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