KRUSHI DARSHAN - BADALATA VATAVARANMA ADHUNIK PASHUPALAN LIVE T/C:-28/06/2024

BADALATA VATAVARANMA ADHUNIK PASHUPALAN
LIVE T/C:-28/06/2024
Global warming and ozone depletion pose dual challenges for the dairy industry. Rising temperatures and altered weather patterns exacerbate heat stress, impacting feed intake, growth rates, and reproduction in dairy animals. Meanwhile, dairy animals contribute significantly to climate change through methane emissions, a potent greenhouse gas with higher warming potential than carbon dioxide. Addressing these challenges is crucial for safeguarding animal health and productivity, prompting the need for immediate adaptation strategies.
Impact on growth, production, reproduction & health:
Global warming significantly reduces feed intake and milk production in dairy livestock, with heat stress causing up to a 50% drop in milk yield during heatwaves. It also disrupts reproductive cycles, leading to lower fertility rates, increased miscarriages, and lower birth weights. Heat stress compromises immune systems, raising susceptibility to diseases like mastitis and respiratory infections, contributing to higher mortality and chronic health issues in dairy animals.
Strategies to mitigate effects:
Mitigation strategies include enhancing housing and cooling systems, adjusting nutritional management, breeding for heat tolerance, implementing health monitoring systems, and adapting management practices to minimize stress on dairy animals.
Ruminants emit daily 200-250 g of methane which contributes to greenhouse gases. Various dietary changes can reduce methane emission by 10 to 15 % like; chaffing dry and green fodder, inclusion of legume straw, making TMR, incorporation of tannin-rich feeds like mango seed kernel, and babul pods, etc., incorporation of seaweeds also mitigate methane emission by 15 %. Through methane mitigation, the net income of farmers increases.
During heat stress, dairy animals need careful nutritional management with water, electrolytes, and energy-dense, easily digestible feeds. Monitor and adjust fiber and protein levels to optimize digestion and reduce heat production. Supplement antioxidants like vitamin E and selenium. Adjust feeding times to cooler periods and provide shade and cooling options. Regularly monitor feed intake and health to maintain welfare and performance.
Conclusion: Global warming threatens dairy livestock's growth, production, reproduction, and health. Effective implementation of mitigation strategies is essential to ensure the welfare and productivity of dairy animals amidst changing environmental conditions.