Naval Engineering - What happens when a shell hits a battleship?

Today we take a look at the basics of what happens when a shell hits battleship armour, and some real-life examples, illustrating additional effects beyond what you might otherwise imagine.
Sources:
navweaps.com/in...
Trials against Baden - Warship 2007
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www.naval-hist...
www.amazon.co....
www.amazon.co....
www.amazon.co....
www.amazon.co....
Naval History books, use code 'DRACH' for 25% off - www.usni.org/p...
Free naval photos and channel posters - www.drachinifel.co.uk
Want to support the channel? - / drachinifel
Want to talk about ships? / discord
'Legionnaire' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au

[@Drachinifel]

Pinned post for Q&A :)

[@baxter9725]

please could you make a video on what if the Bismarck broke into the Atlantic OF DAY 65

[@bkjeong4302]

What is the most commonly repeated blatant misinformation about naval matters you have ever come across?

[@RichardFraser-y9t]

Did they make any 14 inch HESH rounds?

[@themightynanto3158]

I've read from the Damage Report of the USS North Carolina's torpedo hit from I-19, that the torpedo did actually did cause a flash in Turret One's Magazine and that it could have possibly detonated the magazine if it had struck even slightly aft than it did. Is that actually true, and do you think I-19's torpedo could have done that had it struck more aft than it did?

[@bamafan-in-OZ]

Given its highly likely a shell from New Jersey's 16" guns would go straight through a ship of the line, in the unlucky event all she'll miss the canons I wonder how many shells it would take to sink something the size of HMS Victory

[@ceralis5051]

It needs to be pointy , pointy is scary... ~ Admiral-Gerneral Aladeen

[@wastedangelematis]

at the end of the movie : "..and now the point is... pointy !" Admiral-General Aladeen : "Who cares!?" "Who cares ?!?...you literally exiled me for it" Admiral-General Aladeen signs to have him executed

[@simontautorat1014]

He even quoted nadal wrong and said "its about aerodynamics"

[@markm718]

What about shiney..

Color Black, Pistol Grip. Barrel shouds and detachable magazines also make things very scary

[@SmilingIbis]

A rabid squirrel is pretty scary! Should we fling baskets of rabid squirrels?

[@b.thomas8926]

Hail to we nerds of Naval trivia that find videos like this interesting. Because my wife walked in while I was enjoying a ginger ale and some chips while enjoying this video and she laughed, gave me a hug and left, knowing that I'm again cramming knowledge into my head that will serve no useful purpose if a zombie apocalypse ever breaks out.

[@akriegguardsman]

What if we need people to build warships in the zombie apocalypse?

[@eyerollthereforeiam1709]

As I say, my head is clogged with interesting but not terribly useful trivia. This is why I can't function like a normal human being in society.

[@benjaminfrazier5419]

Hear, hear!!!

[@Wolfeson28]

If a zombie apocalypse does break out, the sea may be our only refuge!

[@brainkill7034]

She sounds like a keeper, well done to you both!

[@barry7608]

Amazing thanks, my grandfather was an engineer at chatham docks, sadly died trying to save the life of a friend who inadvertently fell into the water just after they left the security gate on shore leave! The friend could not swim so my grandad dived in and its believed he struck his head fatally. Still have the plaque given to my grandmother by the King.

[@EcclesiastesLiker-py5ts]

Greater love than this has no man, that he give up his life for his friend.

[@JerryBanks572]

I tried to save a friend when we were in gradeschool. He was bigger and stronger so he climbed me like a ladder and stomped me to the bottom of the pool. Luckily a much old and much much strong guy saw this and pushed Jack over to the pool edge where he climbed out. It all happened in such slow- motion, I can still see 3 of us standing watching Jack flounder.

[@barry7608]

Thank you and there will be many many more where their bravery is never recorded. So sad we are at it again, is there no end? Take care

[@alex_ob1]

What happened to his friend?

[@barry7608]

I still have the newspaper cuttings, but from memory his body was not found, It happened in the evening. There had been no alcohol and the security said they were both in good spirit, or probably intending to. My grandma always spoke will of him.

[@SS-ec2tu]

One of the close calls I had was when a defective 5" 38 HE round exploded right outside the gun mount during a training exercise. It left a sizeable dent on the frontal armor right where I was stationed. Some of the shrapnel flew back onto the bridge, too. Yes, I have tinnitus.

[@MicMc539]

Me too. 66mm L.A.W.

[@ChristianGunNut2001]

Was it on one of the Iowas during the ‘80s?

[@TomFynn]

Makes me wonder: The proximity fuze in WW2 is generally hailed as a game changer. Given the number of rounds fired, how often would the fuze detect "enemy nearby" just after leaving the muzzle? Or worse, while still inside the barrel?

[@Hyssar]

@@TomFynn If I recall correctly, in the WW2 channel Spies & Ties special episode about "Allied superweapons", that the proximity fuses had a delay built into them so that they wouldn't explode too close to the ship by accident. I believe it was the firing of the shell itself that activated the delay. I highly recommend you go check out that video!

[@TomFynn]

@@Hyssar If as the OP told, the round detonated right after leaving the barrel, I think we can assume that the fuze was faulty. And in WW2, given the sheer number of rounds, there must have been defective prox fuzes, which went boom where they were not supposed to simply because the delay was faulty or wrongly installed or any number of things. So the question is, how often did such a fuze suffer from premature detonation?

[@bodan1196]

Perhaps a little unrelated, but the glass marble example mentioned, triggered an old funny memory from school. The school I attended has four floors, and in one location there are stairs with an open volume through all floors down to the basement floor. Thus five floors. The floor at the bottom is smooth stoned slabs, very tuff and hard. So... one day walking the stairs, holding a small billiard ball that I inexplicably had found somewhere, an intrusive thought raised it's stupid head. I could not resist, so from the top of the stairs, looking down an estimated 18 m(?), I threw the billiard ball, balancing force with control, as hard as I could down towards the bottom of the stairs. I expected the ball to shatter, but to my surprise, the ball bounced back high enough for my friend standing one floor below me to catch it. Examining the ball, there was little to see, just a small mark of contact. Looking at the stone floor... there was a somewhat larger mark of contact. The slab was cracked to each corner, with a very visible crater at the convergance of those cracks, but it had not shattered either. Physics is fun, in theory and practice. We the started to calculate the G-forces involved, but decided to go talk to the girls walking by instead. That is at least how I choose to remember the end of the story... 🙂

[@johncunningham6928]

'Fool of a Took...'

[@mikeprimm4077]

Sometimes you have to let the intrusive thoughts win

[@gridwreckgamer6254]

Lmao the end

[@dikbozo]

I choose to believe you.

[@MikiLund]

Wise choice !👍

[@gsbeak]

Very interesting video ! Being a non native English speaker, thank you for speaking so intelligibly. You are very easy to understand contrary to a lot of other anglophone youtubers.

[@khaelamensha3624]

I do agree and if I may, Drach voice is quite plaisant too

[@SaskatoonMonsoon]

He speaks proper English.

[@craigbinder5560]

Anyone else have his naval engineering playlist on repeat honestly endlessly fascinating

[@khaelamensha3624]

Yep... Do not watch another Drach Playlist they all make this effect 😂

[@jukeseyable]

Yes more examples and assesments of shell impacts. All of them that you have, can be a new series

[@TheGouzy90]

I second that. Gib Moar!!!

[@space_artist_4real138]

As a mechanical structural engineer, this is an excellent explanation for the phenomenon and their effects in shell impacts, shockwave, compression and what their stresses want to do to the shell. Putting down this basis is very good for the explanations with armored caps. Also, the sacrificial role of the AP cap, made to take the worst of stresses of the impact. A sacrificial penetrator made to push the strongest part of the armor out of the way of the shell, and get itself out of the way by shattering. I never thought a shattering object could be used to absorb energy, but I guess what actually happens is this does the inverse, concentrate energy inwards to create damage.

[@DrJaneLuciferian]

Absolutely, I'd love to hear more detail from WWII. Particularly any advancements in armour composition and AP materials.

[@myparceltape1169]

Do you mean the manufacturers secrets of the time.

[@kemarisite]

Honestly, the biggest changes are improvements to explosive fillers and fuses so they actually "delay" properly, and greatly increased hardness for the armor piercing cap.

[@rickyfrax5602]

My answer would be "a significant emotional event"

[@Fl0ep]

Oh bugger, the battleship is on fire!

[@rickyfrax5602]

@@Fl0ep now I want a series of Cheiftan trying to evacuate through different parts of museum ships with various scenarios being played out

[@JohnE9999]

Oh, bugger, the battleship is on fire!

[@ald1144]

You shout, "Stop poking holes in my ship!"

[@rickyfrax5602]

@@ald1144 I want the 40k version of this

[@TheROMaNProject]

This is the best video I’ve yet to watch on the topic of modern naval shells, with appropriate pictures accompanied by succinct narratives, Thank you.

[@jonathanrichards593]

Well, it's not exactly *modern*, except by comparison with cannonballs. No modern ships have these enormous calibre guns, and so we're not equipped to fling these monstrous shells, either. Naval guns firing big shells are almost obsolete in the scenario of anti-ship missiles and air attack, although Royal Navy destroyers are still fitted with 4.5 inch (114 mm) Mark 8 guns. What they lack in sheer mass they make up for in great accuracy, and rate of fire, but they're not primary armament.

[@mitchm4992]

Aw hell yeah, engineering Drach is one of my very favorite varieties of Drach

[@AnimeSunglasses]

Agreed in full!

[@drakshal403]

that naval engineering playlist has served me very well as background noise for some years now

[@steppedtuba50]

@@drakshal403same here

[@trickydicky2908]

I was a GMG in US navy in the early, mid 80’s. As a child, I was fascinated with the type vessels you cover. I was shocked at what little armor our gun turrets were provided with. Different era, I understand, but I realized I didn’t want to be in a Savo Island, type battle. Lol

[@aerialcat1]

@trickydicky2908: I was a GMG in the late sixties, I so wanted to get aboard one of the big gunslingers that were still in service, like Oklahoma City or Newport News… no luck, I was sent to the brown water navy which was a hell of an adventure but I never got to be around anything bigger than a Browning M-2.

[@JonBrase]

If a modern ship with radar and missiles ends up in a Savo Island scenario, something already has gone very, very wrong for both sides.

[@JoshuaTootell]

You had armor?

[@trickydicky2908]

@JoshuaTootle 1/4” I suppose. Lots of sound-deadening foam, inside the turret, lol. The turret housing was there purely to protect the machinery and electrical bits, from seawater. Lol

[@felixcat9318]

An excellent, detailed explanation narrated in a clear, concise manner. Technical enough to be relevant, clear enough to be understood by people without engineering knowledge. The narrator achieved that difficult task of giving a clear, detailed explanation without alienating or boring viewers that don't know enough about the specific subject. The knowledge from this video increases my respect for the men that faced these weapons in war. My father and several uncles served in the Royal Navy and my uncle, whom was a gun layer, revealed absolutely horrific details of what occurred on board during and post engagements. I understood why such information was voluntarily suppressed and never made public. I considered myself extremely fortunate to have been born after the war had ended, what our forces endured for the length of that conflict was something that today's generation would find impossible...

[@jimutermark7227]

Excellent video, Drach! Your explanations were clear enough the a very non-engineer, political scientist could understand. Count me as a vote for further videos on this topic regarding WWII ships!

[@michaelmorley7719]

I would like to see another video on this subject: WW2 incidents, and maybe something on cruiser-level armor and guns.

[@fedecano7362]

This must be the continuation to : Stop poking holes on my ships.. and I'm all for it!

[@madmeh2929]

Yes, please, of course! More information about shell impacts on WW2 ships. Awesome work Drach!

[@thehandoftheking3314]

I have arrived early enough the Kamachatka is a welcome addition.

[@JamesBerlo]

You have seen and felt the 16" Battleship Massachusetts Shell that slammed into the French Battleship in Moracco ,as I did in 1972 when I was 11 , it was so bizarre, I couldn't understand how the after end of it was so devastated , it was so deformed, so much missing and that Scalloped pattern of destruction made it look like a Meteor the damage was so extreme, but I was amazed how the front of the Projectile was so intact?

[@liberalsockpuppet4772]

The visual aids in this presentation are great Drach.

[@michaelinsc9724]

Definitely interested in detailed analysis of more shell hits, especially from WW2, though more WW1 are also welcome!

[@nicholasgreenway610]

I’d enjoy watching as much content about projectiles and their impacts as you are willing to make, from WWII or any time period in which projectiles have been impacting ships

[@mizake01]

Wow. Had no idea THIS is what a naval cannon could ACCURATELY do at THOUSANDS of yards. Bone chilling. Just, jaw on the floor, all those men facing it. Wow.

[@TheEDFLegacy]

Drach: "What happens when a shell hits a battleship?" Me: "Physics!" 😁

[@notsureyou]

The laws of physics giggle and then laugh at us....

[@LazyLifeIFreak]

Plastic deformation of metal is really cool effect to see in slow motion, friction stir welding of aluminum in particular. 😎

[@Big_E_Soul_Fragment]

I don't know, getting hit by shells seems a bit life threatening

[@Alsadius]

Yeah, I've always recommended *not* getting hit, myself.

[@FltCaptAlan]

depends, are you a Warspite?

[@poil8351]

well they are generally not life extending 😅

[@Casmaniac]

Just dodge lol

[@mpetersen6]

Armor proofed in units of Extreme Emotional Events.

[@peterschorn1]

My takeaway: Given sufficient energyu-- Every elastic collision becomes an inelastic collision and Corollary: Newtonian mechanics become fluid mechanics

[@MrHydenSeek]

Yes WW1 comparison to WW2 would be interesting. What was learned and what was dropped

[@kencusick6311]

Who doesn’t love hearing what happens when high velocity armor piercing shells hit armor plating?

[@deezn8tes]

Last time I was this early, the Kriegsmarine was still convinced that more capital ships was the right answer

[@mathewkelly9968]

More submarines didn't work out so well either

[@normtrooper4392]

"Just one more capital ship bro. I swear we'll beat the royal navy this time"

[@molybdaen11]

I would have helped to use what they have but oh well.

[@connormclernon26]

@@molybdaen11it also would have helped if the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine could have worked together, but the inefficiencies inherent in authoritarianism and fascism in particular made that impossible.

[@shaider1982]

​@@normtrooper4392 if only Goering did not block the creation of German aircraft carriers.

[@TomFynn]

In Willard Park, Washington Naval Yard, they display a turret face plate that had been earmarked for a Yamato class battleship. The Americans took it as spoils and fired a 16'' round at it. The result can be seen on the exhibit and imagining yourself to be one of the guys behind that armor plate the result is...toe curling. And not in a good way.

[@hitoshisawa8479]

Point blank range 90 degrees the only way the armor could be penetrated ever 😉

[@JeffEbe-te2xs]

Yes was point blank

[@hitoshisawa8479]

@@JeffEbe-te2xs in other words that says a lot about how better the armor was it was rated too stop 18inch shells

[@tokencivilian8507]

Yes on WW2 hits. Also yes if you can find and discuss testing results with cool pictures.

[@sergeipohkerova7211]

That slightly raggedhole in the turret reminds me of when I gradually drill through hard metal pipe with a cobalt drill tip and finally break through the first side and need to take a break and so does the drill engine before making the hole neater. Then I need to continue so that the bit passes through the pipe's other side.

[@milionST]

It is mostly due to your RNG what happens. WoWs taught me that in a hard way.

[@molybdaen11]

​@@0ld.RichardIt used to be good because you could not just stop but had inertia. But sadly it got worse over the years. They piss on they audience and are not even nice enough to call it rain.

[@addictedtofigbiscuits]

aww damn someone beat me to it.

[@tyree9055]

WoWs & WoT are both garbage. They're owned by a malicious company that alters the mechanics and the matchmaking to manipulate the player base / collect data, then go out and support historical organizations (museums, etc.) to further improve their standing within the community. I used to think EA was bad, but Wargaming is more insidious. 🤷‍♂️

[@mpetersen6]

Plus every time you turn around they want to install a new update. I used to play the Blitz version on my tablet a lot. Often when an update came out l would have to uninstall a bunch of apps just to free up enough memory. And the cheats. Get into a multi player game and 5 seconds you have a full spread of torps slamming into you before can even get up to speed.

[@tyree9055]

Where'd my comment go, KZbin? Scared of the truth?? 🤔 Wargaming is a con-game, not a video gaming company, imo... 😡🖕

[@mizake01]

I love reading (hearing) names and anecdotes of engineers, craftspeople, labor, actual people who make inventions and advancements and labor to build these things. Im sure the metallurgy of naval armor has much to do with making steel and other metals for civil uses.

[@sgtellioman]

If my early math teachers had told me geometry was the key to artillery I'd have mastered it straighaway......

[@Mike-ukr]

it's not really geometry, at least in the commonly used meaning, the only things you use from it is trigonometry, most of the calculations are algebraic (I can still tell you how to calculate the simplest case involving no air resistance and it's all algebra, the only geometric thing is the firing angle)

[@Mike-ukr]

from a completely different POV, actual artillery operations are just plugging numbers into an app that gives you the angles to set on the gun (at least that's how Ukrainian artillery operates, and yes, it's a literal app on your phone)

[@SmilefortheJudge]

“ *Stop poking holes in my ship: Part III* “

[@bkjeong4302]

I think this serves as an objective study in why battleship shells were historically so inefficient at sinking things even if the battleships got to open fire and hit, barring extreme size mismatches or magazine detonations.

[@tommatt2ski]

USS Washington: " I beg to differ....SIR"!!!

[@bkjeong4302]

@@tommatt2ski If you’re shooting at point-blank range obviously you’re going to not only hit way more often (even if Lee wasn’t at the helm) but also do more damage.

[@kenneth9874]

Depends upon what you're trying to sink

[@Kieselmeister]

​@@bkjeong4302USS Washington opened fire on Kirishima at 8,450 yards, and the two fleets were passing near parallel to each other traveling in opposite directions with the closest approach being just after when Washington fired her fourth salvo at 7,850 yards (which had an angle to target of only 5° from perpendicular). After which they were past each other and the range opened up until Washington fired a final salvo at 12,650 yards. That's not exactly "long range" by WW1-2 battleship standards, but it isn't particularly close range either... Rather than "point blank", the battle occurred at ranges closer to the Maximum effective range of WA's secondary 5"/38 armament when firing anti-ship SAP shells of 13,800 yards (with 1" penetration at that range)...

[@Vito_Tuxedo]

@@tommatt2ski - You beat me to it. I was about to say, "...unless the shooter happens to be W. "Ching" Lee", in which case, the target could serve admirably as an illustration for the concept of *_perforation._*

[@kemarisite]

Just to confirm, the first hit on Von der Tann from Batham is the same one described by the guest barrator in the Jutland video series as having "caused the hull to vibrate like a tuning fork"?

[@Alorand]

I have a pdf saved somewhere of a detailed study talking about all of the failure modes and the physics involved for how the armor breaks apart. Very interesting - I'll try to find it if anyone is interested.

[@anthonywinter5343]

Excellent - thank you! Please do a WW2 episode as well.

[@robertmatch6550]

Time to watch a hard thing hit a hard place.

[@magpilot7465]

Having a moderate understanding of British culture, I did pause to reflect on the extensive moral damage done by that No.6 hit on HMS Tiger to it's resident bakery dept. Quite underhanded of the Germans to target the scone and biscuit supplies.

[@tommatt2ski]

That is what happens when you stop for a cup of tea! " Sorry ol boy, but that last salvo was fired before you called time out for tea break!

[@nickraschke4737]

Those poor young blokes behind the armour.

[@TheGreatSpl00ge]

Still the best intro in all of youtube.

[@stanbrow]

Yes. Please, I would love to see dara on WW2 impacts.

[@tomdolan9761]

There were post war tests done at the Proving Grounds on the left over armor plate from IJN Shinano.

[@bkjeong4302]

Which were done without the plate being angled as on the actual turret and at point-blank range. The NavWeaps page on that test criticizes it for that reason.

[@myronfrobisher]

Excellent presentation - superb photos Thanks

[@formisfunction1861]

Fascinating! Do the WW2 version.

[@massimookissed1023]

I always find it shocking that hard steel can look like it was plasticine when it was hit.

[@matthewalker]

What happens when you shell seashells by the seashore?

[@redramage]

She shall see, shan't she?

[@alexzenz760]

​@@redramagemay stay see- worthy?

[@TheCrapOnYourStrapOn]

Depends if you have a vendors license

[@Techsupport243]

Craters and the quoat "temper temper"

[@kenneth9874]

You eat oysters

[@MrBruinman86]

Fascinating and insightful as usual.

[@Thorbrook]

Oh... my.... how I have waited for this video. Thank you drac

[@timothyedge6100]

Really enjoyed. Would like more when able

[@Napalmratte]

I was waiting quite a while for such a video. Thatnk you very much, highly informative. Will share it with my community... 😊

[@Wojtekpl2]

Yes please do another video of shell impacts.

[@joearnold6881]

Surprised by how blunt the armor piercing cap seems to usually be

[@joemungus6063]

at those sizes it just has to be really hard and really dense rather than pointy

[@edwardscott3262]

Dead on 90 degrees a sharp pointy tip aids penetration. But it doesn't take much of an angle before it causes more problems than it's worth.

[@MattLund-i6i]

@joearnold6881 look at hydraulic metal hole punches. I used one at work. It was flat with a small point

[@pvccannon1966]

iVE always been interested in the LAYTE gulf action against i beilieve it was FUSO, being firied apon by WV with its new radar. What kind of power or penitration would have happened on the full frontal armor of FUSO from WW1 based guns on a ship coming straight at the guns.

[@mikespangler98]

There are some nice pictures of the South Dakota after its fight with Kirishima for the WWII version of this topic.

[@ejt3708]

That was really interesting Drach. I hope you do lots more of these. What good is a battleship if the armor doesn't work?

[@scooterdescooter4018]

I would like another lesson on this subject, please.

[@colinmartin2921]

IMHO Drach and Greg's Aeroplanes and Automobiles are the best technical You Tube sites.

[@DavidW27]

Shows the difference when the creator has a depth of subject knowledge and does some thorough research. A lot of you tube channels these days are someone reading out the Wikipedia page with a few random - and often incorrect - photos.

[@mpetersen6]

WWll Bombers does deep dives actually going into source data. Bringing up graphs and reports. Chris from Military Aviation History and History not Visualized are top notch too.

[@emeryhenry1849]

Now that you've done this, can you do it for what happens when a torpedo hits?

[@gallendugall8913]

What happens when a shell hits a battleship? It's a very bad day for the hermit crab.

[@simongeard4824]

Not at all. It's a hermit crab... it'll upgrade to living in a battleship.

[@princeoftonga]

Nice. Time to settle in with a glass of spiced rum and watch Drachs rum ration. BLISS!

[@Viper5delta]

I think iy would be cool if you went over cruiser grad shells vs cruiser grade armor. Assuming there are any relevant differences of course

[@EDKguy]

History and engineering.... nice.

[@Axel-g8e]

'Would you like me to...?' I will happily beg, in any manner you feel suitable and my safe word os 'Fisher'

[@muddyblokjes9753]

I don't drink. I don't like run. Why I'm here every week ?

[@Welshman2008]

It either goes bang 💥 or goes ping!

[@mikehenthorn1778]

Yes please do this on WW2 ships

[@kilianortmann9979]

20:58 "This piece (photograph) must only be made available to the persons making the quote or those who are part of the building process, they must only use it for related purposes." probably a standard confidentiality phrase of the wharf

[@mamutik0]

Things Go Boom

[@Thirdbase9]

No Boom today. Boom tomorrow, always a boom tomorrow.

[@jethrox827]

I wonder what it would have felt like standing behind the main armour of the Yamato and it getting hit by a 12 inch shell right in front if you

[@samdoak1222]

WWII hits would be interesting!

[@metalburner357]

6:25 I can't help it, seeing that man next to a very large shell with huge calipers just makes me imagine a very tiny man standing next to a .50bmg bullet.

[@billmelater6470]

I'd like a video on shore bombardment effects if you could, Drach.

[@Texas40years]

Since the battleship South Dakota was doing shore bombardment during the Normandy landings, I would think there should be some kind of documentation on the effectiveness of the impacts. Then, coupled with decision of the captain to counter-flood the side the ship opposite the shore to achieve a higher angle of attack, would also be interesting.

[@libraeotequever3pointoh95]

​USS Texas, says "hello".

[@davidstange4174]

I suppose you can use Krishima as an example what happens when multiple 16 inch shells hits a ship. IT becomes a submarine.

[@khaelamensha3624]

So Kirishima was sunk with depth charges... We learn something new every day 😇😁😂

[@neohhorkee454]

That's a paddlin'

[@101Witchdoctor]

Oh, The Mighty Jingles strikes again

[@DTinkerer]

Commenting for the algorithm

[@barrandilltanathlas1177]

The picture of the Battleship firing at 02:07 is using what type of propellant, Black Powder, Soot or is this another way of making smoke, did they not use smokeless powder bags or shells?.

[@tendymusic9095]

Unfortunately, I cannot tell the class or type of ship, but being that the rear turrets are super firing That’s a good inclination that the ship is relatively modern at least from the 20th century so my best guess is that it is using smokeless powder and perhaps a black powder ignition charge I don’t know the proper term for it, but the black powder would’ve been used to ignite the smokeless powder so my best guess is that it could be a smokeless powder ship that is just beingshot with a film that was not particularly happy with the shade of smoke that was coming out of the gun

[@nicktrueman224]

There is allot of powder gas/smoke. Mmmmmmmm I wonder if black was used? If you can get a date on that pic we then could tell.

[@Horsa-sr8oz]

British armor plate was improved throughout WW1. Unfortunately I have no record as to when these improvements were implemented. However, it is entirely likely that the armor plate of Tiger was improved over that of Lion.

[@lewiswestfall2687]

Do you regret not being born 100 years earlier when this knowledge would have been very useful?

[@JoshuaTootell]

This information wouldn't have been available except for the few who needed it.

[@clivestainlesssteelwomble7665]

Not really you might have just had some pillock telling you to stand still at the receiving end.

[@nemo8777]

Oh boy, when you include so much energy into your solid physics you need to do some fluid physics.

[@gustavchambert7072]

What happens? Very bad things for anyone standing nearby. That's what happens xD

[@nitsu2947]

last time im this early, the Greek Fire was introduced

[@CalgarGTX]

They should have added crash dummies in those turrets and conning towers to know what the spalling does... Also aside from all the parameters talked about here I know there is also one more that can sometimes have an oversized effect on ultimate pen/non pen result and that is diameter of the shell vs thickness of the plate. The larger a shell gets vs the thickness of the plate (or concrete wall or what have you) impacted, the easier it will pen, and vice versa a very fast very high strength shell of lower caliber than the thing it tries to go through will have a much higher chance of shattering and not going very far in. Going back to tank vs tank combat, it was one of the reasons germans went for a thicker vertical front plate on tiger I, most of the tank shells used at time of it's design were at or below 90mm and they went with a 100mm plate, it was also slightly face hardened so more comparable to ship armor and was known to shatter high speed 75-76mm shells quite often that on paper should have gone through 'easily'. This may or may not help explain some of the results listed here. I think there also a similar effect of the mass of the shell vs the mass of the rigid part it is impacting, taking into account how well welded or backed the impacted plate is etc.... but this is all even harder to quantify. It boils down to how well the impacted medium is allowed to transmit the energy away from the immediate hole being formed vs the local resistance of the material left being eroded away and same on the shell side...

[@benterbenter9281]

What happens? The gun emplacement that made the hit is deleted along with the terrain features in the area. Next a ship in the formation signals "Temper, Temper."

[@xxxm981]

Sorry Drach, but it actually IS a lot like WW2 tank. Many had face hardened armour and most nations used capped APHE shells.

[@berttrombetta4953]

The physics is the same whether on land or sea

[@rictusmetallicus]

Pointy thing goes bang, big ship goes boom and then gluck-gluck-gluck.

[@christians6734]

Any discussion of naval armour is incomplete without discussing Wotan hart and Wotan weich

[@BoltUpright190]

30,000 foot-tons of energy can solve a Helluva lot of problems. lol

[@jc-d6179]

Excellent as ever!

[@SethBondArtist]

Great video. Sorry I missed you in Albany.

[@royvogel2023]

As a gunners mate I’m interested to see live action footage of outside,inside and everything in between 🦑

[@charleshaynes1080]

Please do this analysis for world war 2

[@thudietrich6959]

Good description of effects of shell blasts. I am curious to know how multiple guns in the turrets were manage. Did each gun in an individual turret fire at the same target simultaneously with the same elevation in WWI and WWII? Was each gun used to fire independently at different elevations to make a spread of fire to enemy ship movements? In general, how were guns in a turret managed?

[@barrysheridan9186]

That was very interesting, Thanks.