Why the Earth exists because of Saturn | Migration of Planets

Go to brilliant.org/DrBecky and sign up for free. The first 200 people that go to that link will get 20% off the annual premium subscription. Did you know that the places where the planets formed in the solar system aren't necessarily where they've ended up today? Planets can MIGRATE. And it's that migration that throws the rest of the Solar System into a complete mess, especially when something as massive as Jupiter is moving...
TRAPPIST-1 resonance music: • TRAPPIST Sounds : TRAP...
Check out this blog post from the Planet Hunter's citizen science project for more information on planet migration in the solar system: blog.planethunters.org/2014/0...
If you want more of an academic read, check out this review paper on planet migration by Kley & Nelson from 2012: arxiv.org/pdf/1203.1184.pdf
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The artwork in the background is a scientifically accurate map showing the orbits of more than 18000 asteroids in the Solar System, created by Eleanor Lutz. Find out more and buy one here: eleanorlutz.com/mapping-18000...
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👩🏽‍💻 I'm Dr Becky Smethurst, an astrophysicist at the University of Oxford. I love making videos about science with an unnatural level of enthusiasm. I like to focus on how we know things, not just what we know. And especially, the things we still don't know. If you've ever wondered about something in space and couldn't find an answer online - you can ask me! My day job is to do research into how supermassive black holes can affect the galaxies that they live in. In particular, I look at whether the energy output from the disk of material orbiting around a growing supermassive black hole can stop a galaxy from forming stars.
drbecky.uk.com
rebeccasmethurst.co.uk

[@craigvdodge]

Saturn: the bro holding back drunken Jupiter from starting a fight in the inner solar system.

[@thetruth45678]

"Yoo lucky, holmes! If Sa'urn didn't have mah back, yoo _~BuRp~_ would be so ejected."

[@geemanbmw]

@@thetruth45678 yeah Jupiter the ballistic maniac on steroids 💉 looking to play billiards with the inner terrestrials boobs 😛

[@elmashable9722]

@Gman k, interesting 😂

[@pansepot1490]

Gman k you missed a golden opportunity there. “Jupiter the ballistic maniac on a-steroids...”

[@TheRealStevenBritton]

Since Saturn is Jupiter's father, that makes this even more interesting.

[@BMrider75]

The image at 0mins 38secs : I remember the announcement that Cassini would be taking the 'small blue dot' photograph, and giving the exact moment the light would be leaving Earth to travel to Cassini's camera. Even though I was in central London with abysmal light pollution, I made sure I knew where Saturn would be (near Spica), and waved at that moment. I know , I know! But it's good to feel I was paying attention when the pic was taken! Keep up the good work Dr Becky.

[@scientchahming5]

Essentially, Saturn restrained Jupiter, preventing it from falling any further towards the sun. Our solar system could have landed up with a 'hot Jupiter'. Many the reason potentially habitable planets are so rare is because Hot Jupiters are so common!

[@rachelar]

Correct. Which contradicts what she says about smaller planets forming nearby, not sure

[@ianw5439]

@@rachelar No, it doesn't contradict it. We know that rocky planets had to form close to the Sun, based on their constituents. However, they would not have remained close to the Sun had Saturn not prevented Jupiter heading ever inward towards the Sun. That would have ejected the inner, rocky planets from the solar system.

[@gargleblaster7775]

Potentially habitable planets may not be that rare. Currently, our observation techniques are biased towards large mass planets with short orbital periods (ie hot Jupiters). If we set up our current technology near Alpha Centauri and look towards our solar system, we won't detect the Earth, and we will miss Jupiter and Saturn because we will not observe the star long enough to detect them.

[@joekammel2337]

Or because Saturns are so rare

[@olasteer2197]

yeah aint nobody surving on jupiter size gravity unless your a pancake

[@misterG2006]

Really interesting, thanks. We think life exists here because we have water, the correct chemicals and are in the goldilocks zone. But there are so many more factors that contributed to our existance. Makes you wonder how rare life is in the universe if all these factors need to come together in the correct ways.

[@Orange6921]

This is one of the reasons so many people believe in a Creator.

[@gargleblaster7775]

Those factors may be needed for life as we know it. However, just consider how many types of life exist just on Earth... We have life dependent on solar energy, life dependent on chemical/geothermal energy, life existing in the whole spectrum of pressures and temperatures possible. Most life in the universe would not be life as we know it, but life as we have never imagined it. There might be high energy dependent life forms even on hot Jupiters.

[@gargleblaster7775]

@@Orange6921 Nope... it's because those people are morons who need a mental crutch to cope with the wonders of the amazing universe we live in. Have you ever heard of the puddle quote by Douglas Adams?

[@trebledc]

So impossible that there is no higher being of engineers or creator who put everything in perfectly calculated and measured place.

[@scottduke]

I'm really enjoying this channel, Dr. B. I learn soooo much and I love your enthusiasm and humor!

[@flatearthjackal9201]

SPACE IS FAKE RESEARCH FLAT EARTH 😁

[@LSSTyranus]

annnd there's crazy flat earther...was wondering when I'd see one of them here.

[@FarfettilLejl]

@@LSSTyranus Pretty sure the guy was joking. But then again, who can tell?

[@LSSTyranus]

@@FarfettilLejl I know right!?

[@ahaokatano3153]

@@flatearthjackal9201 Yes! The Earth is definitely flat, and the stars, moons, and planets are all projections. Definitely.

[@Scribe13013]

I've long held a grudge against Saturn...cuz I had to make a model of the solar system once...it was kinda hard to make Saturn's ring...this video helped me make peace with Saturn. Thanks Dr Becky..;-j

[@hydrolito]

Just be glad they didn't make you model all the moons, asteroids and comets.

[@ForeverAmber_1]

😆

[@human1754]

Imma ruin the 69 likes

[@mrexists5400]

@@hydrolito o god, throw the dwarf planets into that too

[@spvillano]

@@hydrolito for extra credit, model the Oort cloud. Yeah, instant gravitational collapse of a skull... ;)

[@pfeifn7133]

Calling Saturn your favorite planet is a bit like calling someone else's mom your favorite mom. Like, don't let Earth find out Becky!

[@Inkling777]

This episode touches on one of the most interesting of astronomical theories, that of the Earth as a privileged planet, uniquely positioned to be friendly to life. Saturn not only moves Earth into that ideal zone, Jupiter and Saturn stand guard, their sheer size keeping us from being regularly being battered by large asteroids.

[@mattheus18]

Late reply, but check this Wikipedia link (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_Interferometer_Space_Antenna) "Unlike terrestrial gravitational wave observatories, LISA cannot keep its arms "locked" in position at a fixed length. Instead, the distances between satellites varies significantly over each year's orbit, and the detector must keep track of the constantly changing distance, counting the millions of wavelengths by which the distance changes each second. Then, the signals are separated in the frequency domain: changes with periods of less than a day are signals of interest, while changes with periods of a month or more are irrelevant."

[@williammaddock9179]

How about this one, Michael: our moon. It could not have formed WITH earth (this includes a Theia collision, since, necessarily that would involve another forming of the earth) because it does not orbit in earth's equatorial plane, and it could not have been captured because its orbit is far too circular to be a captured object. What, therefore, is left? How did it get there?

[@kelly8431]

The new generation loves the word “privileged”… can fit it into literally anything

[@williammaddock9179]

@@kelly8431 Actually, Michael makes a good point. Don't dismiss it. It's important. In fact, you might want to give the book (written by an older generation), "The Privileged Planet" a read.

[@spvillano]

@@williammaddock9179 actually, the Theia collision was modeled and found to be a glancing collision, with ejecta orbiting to become the moon, so only one forming and one just recooling enough to form a solid surface that water could accumulate on. Wildly elliptical orbits wouldn't remain stable as the moon formed, they'd either be ejected or strike either the moon or earth.

[@Falafelzebub]

Saturn is my favorite too. My dad worked on the Hubble before it was launched, and received copies of the first negatives and prints. The photo of Saturn was stunning. 💛

[@alansilverman8500]

Delayed until after the spherical aberration was fixed...?

[@Falafelzebub]

@@alansilverman8500 No, I don't think so, but I was very young at the time. It was still beautiful.

[@jondrew55]

Negatives? It’s a digital imaging system.

[@Falafelzebub]

@@jondrew55 It wasn't back then.

[@jondrew55]

Falafelzebub's Den of Vegan Iniquity Hubble was always digital. No film involved. Google if you must.

[@grasshopperhawk]

Alright, who got Dr. Becky started on Saturn? Never get Dr. Becky started on Saturn!

[@troyevitt2437]

Dr. Becky got engaged....did you see that ring? People who know, know: "He went to Saturn!"

[@craigtevis1241]

if you like it, then you shoulda put a ring on it

[@Sableagle]

Sauron: "One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them. One Ring to bring them all and - " Saturn: "Yo, I'm happy for you, and I'll let you finish, but check _these_ out."

[@oldfrog17]

@@troyevitt2437 Most people promise a girl the world. He promised her Saturn! He definitely read the room!

[@patriciaroysdon9540]

@@craigtevis1241 ow

[@StephiSensei26]

Glad I found this. The Correlation between Music and the "Resonance" of planets was especially enlightening. The" Music of the Spheres" so to speak. Thank you.

[@ravirajsoman2188]

I'm a man of biology and geography, so when I say I've started really getting into astrophysics because of your awesome videos... That's huge 😁 Keep going, loving every bit of it!

[@brucemcdonald1114]

She DOES have some nice "videos"

[@AstroLaVista]

Saturn just gets better and better, it was already the first thing I saw through a telescope that got me hooked on Astronomy.

[@jerardogonzalez007]

Saturn used to be our sun

[@christiansather8438]

@@jerardogonzalez007 right on. it’s almost indisputable considering all converging lines of evidence coming from myths and an understanding of the electric nature of the cosmos

[@jessicarangel3436]

@soap have you looked into blockchain it’s all symbolize saturn

[@robertadams6606]

It includes my favorite Moon Enceladus. Actually my favorite "body" as it were. Also explains the resonance of Moon systems around planets. You could even think of Saturn being its own System.

[@jessicarangel3436]

@@robertadams6606 so Saturn is god?

[@fazergazer]

You always learn something when you watch the Dr. Becky channel!! Thank you Dr. Becky for making these concepts accessible and entertaining. Your channel is awesome!! My favorite planet (besides the Earth) is Saturn.

[@ScottRobinson76]

You answered a lot of questions I've always wondered about our solar system and other solar systems. Thanks.

[@thomascattington1660]

This video just popped up in my feed. She explained it so well. Obviously knows her subject but explained it so enthusiastically and clearly. I am impressed. Wish my school teachers had been so good 🤩.

[@RUFF-UNIT]

Big up doc, your enthusiasm is always infections.. Love the singing and the bloopers, it makes for good human interface.. keep up the good work 👌

[@nadiaortega2951]

Ahhhhh!! I get so excited whenever you upload!

[@MistarZtv]

I love how much joy have speaking about this subject. It's such a treat and the 20 minutes just flies by.

[@raygarcia4062]

I'm so glad I found this channel; thanks, SciManDan. But I find your channel so fascinating. Your passion and excitiment keeps me coming back. I decided to go back to school at the hight of the pandemic, I started out in IT but since ive been watching you, I have started to look at taking more science classes…

[@momiaw]

Without a doubt your channel is one of the best on KZbin. I even like the way you presented the ad. No disruption of content, no attempt to trick us it was part of the story you were telling and were honest about it. I appreciate it.

[@Maxcallaghanphysics]

Dr Becky’s videos make my day every time

[@stankythecat6735]

Max Callaghan me also!

[@Maxcallaghanphysics]

@@Omna420 ty

[@Otekos]

Why have I just discovered this channel now?

[@greganderson1681]

Another brilliant, “never knew that, thank you Dr. Becky” video! Thank you so much, Dr. Becky!

[@twothreebravo]

4:40 Wait, wait, wait...polar and equatorial orbits in one system? WHERE!?!?! I want to read more about this!

[@moumitaprasad7837]

I keep falling in love with space more and more as I keep watching and listening to you!! you are amazing and the reason I am able to be sure about me choosing astrophysics in the future..! Thank you

[@davidgurarie6712]

Delightful, Dr. Becky. I like your easy going and enthusiasm for explaining astronomy and science.

[@alexliger1893]

Your passion for your subject sells the whole thing just as much as your encyclopedic knowledge of it!

[@gj8683]

There may be a musical "resonance" between Jupiter and Saturn, but there's no Autotune.

[@weepat5325]

I have to disagree with one point, the bloopers are fun, but my favorite part is the actual videos; complex subjects made understandable for the layman without dumbing it down. And by the way, I love your accent.

[@echofloripa]

I'm just half way of the video and already impressed by the explanation of how the solid planets formed closed to the sun. Thanks Dra. BECKY 👏👏

[@BinaHejazi]

Just listening to you presenting these complex topics absolutely fascinates me as I often loose track of the subject and just immerse in to the passion with which you talk....

[@lemjor10]

I discovered you on a Reddit live stream! I absolutely love how you present your content. You quickly became one of my favorite KZbinrs.

[@DrBecky]

Thanks!

[@lemjor10]

@@DrBecky No, thank you! Your passion is palpable and I quite enjoy it!

[@boboften9952]

@@DrBecky .... " Thank You Dr Becky ." " BRILLIANT. "

[@zobr0s846]

@@DrBecky i love your videos

[@geemanbmw]

@@zobr0s846 stop it people she obviously only gives out 1 💘 per butt 💋

[@billdecat855]

Fun fact: on average the closest planet to Earth is Mercury. Even stranger is that Mercury is every planets closest neighbour on average.

[@oysteinsoreide4323]

Then again I guess the sun is closer on average than mercury. And it's not strange since all is orbiting around the sun.

[@jhyland87]

Took me a second to get what you mean, lol.

[@scottmorgan5164]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/iabQdXuZo6iFq7c A good video explaining this.

[@jurian0101]

mostest closest~

[@pradeepvincentmusic]

You mean the mostest closest? 😈

[@anonymousshadow6351]

Thank you so much for making such lovely videos. Explaining things so beautifully and making it so easy to understand. Also, Saturn is my favorite planet too now. I used to 1st like it only because of its beautiful ring, now I'd say i know alot more than just that. Love you❤ keep spreading the knowledge.

[@raulp9171]

Wow, I am hooked with your channel. Your way of explaining is so compelling and easy to digest... you are a Gem in this niche..

[@CarneSagrado]

. I love how she explains things! I like learning from all sorts of discipline, but most of the time, the presentation always PUTS ME OFF Either too condescending or too vague! . I like how she still talks in a technical manner but offer bits of explanation in the video inserts, to target both more knowledgeable audience, and the tyros in us. She certainly makes a GREAT teacher!

[@godsbeautifulflatearth]

It's all fiction.

[@georgeb.wolffsohn30]

@@godsbeautifulflatearth saying that doesn't make it true.

[@sheldonspider86]

So in other words "We really have no freaking idea and everything i said today will not be true tomorrow ". Gotcha

[@chirpybee]

Dr - I enjoy your videos - the bloopers are not my favourite bit, however. I just enjoy the enthusiasm for the subject. Thanks :-)

[@knuckles1006]

I believe static electricity charges are what cause tiny pieces of dust to buildup and combine with other dust particles. A crew member on a space shuttle mission years ago demonstrated this static attraction force with a clear plastic bag of small pieces material that, after shaking it up, the small pieces of material would begin to cling to other small pieces in a matter of seconds. In time gravity will become the major combining force.

[@Mark_Bickerton]

As our sun ages and expands, there will come a time when someone in another star system, looking at our sun, will wonder why we have a hot Jupiter. So my question is, what type are stars are all these hot Jupiters orbiting. Also given the limitations of our current technology to see exoplanets, it follows that a majority of those we find in the early years, will be large planets, close to their star where they have the greatest gravitational effect (to induce a wobble in the star that we can detect) or have the greatest dimming effect as it passes between us and its star.

[@HotelPapa100]

These observational biases always need to be considered when interpreting results. The populations we find are seriously skewed towards what the methods easily find.

[@bimmergeezer]

Thank you Dr. Smethurst, excellent presentation once again. I just finished "Space at the Speed of Light", wonderful book. I am not sure if you gave me any information that I didn't already know but you organized and explained things in a way I previously hadn't seen but I got many new perspectives. When is the next book coming out? I am ready! You don't need a life, write, write, write.

[@privateerburrows]

You're right; "life", when used in that sense, is a bit overstated, come to think ... socially waste your time, is what "having a life" often advocates ...

[@robertsnyder6982]

I love your videos. Easy to understand and gain knowledge. Excellent humor and love the bloopers! Thanks for taking your time to educated those of us who watch.

[@WellBeSerious12]

Extremely fascinating, mesmerizing, thought-provoking. Thank you.

[@suudmasykuri2081]

12:45 this music is sound like a kind of Rain Pattern for me. thanks Dr. Becky to let us hear that... :)

[@phoule76]

ah, Saturn. admired for its rings, appreciated for it allowing us to exist.

[@naturalphilosopher7904]

😊 You sound like the ancients in the past. Being sarcastic. Check out David talbot.

[@ianw5439]

@@naturalphilosopher7904 Talbot is a mythologist nutjob.

[@eswing2153]

You really are one of my favourite presenters... you, Science Asylum and Anton are my top three.

[@scmac5155]

I like how you have more questions than answers - gets us all thinking

[@MaryAnnNytowl]

Love the video - well done with the explanations! I've always been interested in planetary migration, since I was a teenager and the idea was first being bandied about in 1980! I have followed the idea, in all its permutations, as best I can through the years, and you did very well explaining the newer ideas, as well as how it all goes together with our ideas of how our solar system got where it is now, and what that might mean for other solar systems out there. Ah yes, the music of the planets, the resonance they have, is one of the things I sometimes play to relax, meditate to calm my nerves, take a short nap, or fall asleep to - it makes for interesting dreams, too, LOL! As an aside, your nail polish is a really cool pearlescent shade that looks much darker from some angles than from straight on, and I really love it! My preference for nail polish has always been dark, midnight blue, and that's why I noticed yours first, because at one angle, it really looks like my fave, instead, LOL!

[@ComaDave]

Jupiter: * bovver boy rampaging through the Inner Solar System * Saturn: "You're feckin' NICKED, me old beauty!"

[@Loreman72]

'T's a fair cop, guv!

[@thefurrybastard1964]

I envy you, Dr. Becky. You still have all the entheusiasm and excitement for Astronomy I had when i was young. Never lose it!

[@danielrobbins9776]

Just came across your channel and within the first 5 minutes, I subscribed!

[@janicegreene9929]

There's a part in Arthur C. Clarke's novel 2001: A Space Odyssey where the Discovery uses Jupiter for a slingshot effect to gain velocity to get to Saturn (I'm not confusing this with the 2010 movie, Hyams took the sequence from the first novel). Clarke notes that the law of conservation of energy is maintained, and Jupiter lost all of the velocity that the Discovery gained. I always though it would be funny to write a story where the accumulation of all the slingshots space ships did using Jupiter to get into the outer solar system would lead to Jupiter slowing down and falling sunward, eventually threatening the Earth. I'm sure you'd need like trillions of slingshots for that to happen, though.

[@MrRezRising]

I remember that section. Man, yer talking quintillion territory. I loved the suggestion that the rings of Saturn were created by destroying a moon for the energy needed to get the monolith to our solar system. 🤘

[@Chris.Davies]

Sorry, but no. When you get a slingshot from a planet, you are stealing its angular momentum, not its orbital velocity. Your story idea doesn't make sense even if your idea was correct. The kinetic orbital energy of Jupiter moving at almost half a kilometre per second is far beyond the energy slingshots could ever steal from it before the sun expands and vaporises Earth.

[@MrRezRising]

@@Chris.Davies I hedged it with "quintillion" bc I didn't want to explain "duotauvingintillion". 🙂

[@mariocastro7379]

That was a great escape to hear with all the troubles going on here right now! Thank you! Stay safe!

[@trongod2000]

Love the blupers. And, your clear simple explanations of the topic your covering.

[@srikkanthank]

Its a pity, I kick myself, only now I am finding this channel. This channel needs more love. The concepts and theories are wonderfully explained Dr. Becky. Me and my kids loved the video.

[@roseboo4603]

She is so human in her presentation that we can relate to her smiles and emotions with her.Got to love that.

[@grindsaur]

As I recall it from my days in the field, planetary migration was suggested very soon after the discovery of 51 Peg b - like 1996 or so. We certainly had it as a topic at the NATO ASI at Cargese, Corsica in 1998. Tidal planet/disk interactions was a thing in the theoretical community of the day ;)

[@paisley4092]

Interesting! Does NATO often interact with astronomy? Seems like that's pretty far removed from it's typical list of topics

[@grindsaur]

Paisley They are keenly interested in detector tech, image processing and data analysis, not to mention the PR aspect of engaging positively with the civilian world.

[@Josh-ii8ix]

I love this planetary science stuff. Thanks Doc!

[@jeffersonott4357]

This video is even better than I expected. I’m downloading it, and plan to show it to my 7 year old in about 3 years…. Thanks doc!

[@barryhornby3303]

Your accent. Is just fine; after Boston, all Brits have learned to hide their "T." 😊

[@peterjamesfoote3964]

Ohhh. It’s that kind of audience. Fantastic!

[@Nightdare]

Like "Rick" with a silent "P"

[@PeterKnagge]

@frankos rooni If only Americans and Trump did learn to shut up this world would a happier place. "Disinfectant injection"

[@nathanielhellerstein5871]

I'm fond of Saturn, too: O jeweled giant, so sublime! A spectacle to astound to! The angels blessed you with this sign; They parked their halos around you. But it's not my favorite: O lovely orb of brown and green and blue and white; a shining pearl; at last I’ve seen where I have been; my home, my love, my life, my world.

[@kevmasengale6903]

You are the first person I've e ever heard talk about gas giants having rocky cores. I've always wondered about that. What you said made perfect sense and is basically what I thought anyway. Thank you. Keep up the amazing content.

[@Jorts1737]

I love your videos. So insightful for those of us that don't have time to research this type of material at the depths we would like. Because of this I tend to watch the ads that YT forces, even though this has a paid promotion. I sadly have found myself skipping more and more ads on not just your videos but all YT vids because I refuse to watch a 10+ minute ad, and they hit me with two over 1 hour long ads for this video. What the heck are they thinking forcing ads that long? They are destroying your ability to monetize your content.

[@harmonic3350]

Johannes Kepler discovered "music of the spheres", orbital distance and velocity, law of planetary motion, etc. etc. in his 1619 publication "Harmonices Mundi".

[@Petrov3434]

And -- Kepler's greatness is in that he realized his hypothesis failure and courageously corrected it.

[@harmonic3350]

@@Petrov3434 Which hypothesis? I assume you mean from spherical to elliptical orbits.

[@Macorian]

'Discovered' seems like to big a word. The Ancients had been talking about that for centuries, if no millenia. Much of what Astronomers did back then was actually 'rediscovering'.

[@ForeverAmber_1]

"Music of the Spheres" is also a great episode from the 90s Outer Limits series reboot. Very interesting if you're into space and the way frequencies can affect your body.

[@harmonic3350]

@@Macorian Thats fair to say, we all "discover" at different times and places. At the "big mind" level we are always re-discovering...especially ourselves...

[@jaydejay3984]

Dr Becky, I just found you and I absolutely love your videos! Great information but have you ever considered that the placement of the planets are more of an electromagnetic placement instead of a gravitational placement? I would love to hear your take on this!

[@alessandromariani3015]

I think that both have a role, Gravity makes things move and the electromagnetic field makes them stable and safe.

[@ianw5439]

Planets. like stars, are overall electrically neutral. EM has no effects on their place of formation, nor why they stay there.

[@techguyz839]

By seeing how excited she becomes while explaining the music note model really says a lot about her passion in what she does. Really love it when researchers actually love what they do. Its like interacting with someone who understands the joy of learning. Big fan becky hope we meet someday and work together when i grow up 😜🙂🙂🙂

[@omohamed3211]

Your teaching skill and the way you explain things are excellent.

[@DavidB5501]

I remember that Brian Cox's BBC series on the planets mentioned the 'migrating Jupiter' theory, but he didn't explain how it could first move inwards and then out again, which puzzled me. You did better in a fraction of the time! Incidentally, if you watch that series I think you will shriek in horror and disbelief at a howler in Cox's script, accompanied by a distant humming sound from Kepler spinning in his grave.

[@osmosisjones4912]

@Brian Coley Jupiter combined with the sun would have pulled Jupiter deeper in .

[@DavidB5501]

@Brian Coley As far as I recall, he *described* it but didn't *explain* it. Your own description doesn't explain it either. You say that the formation of Saturn 'arrested' the inward migration of Jupiter, but what needs to be explained is the fact (if the theory is correct) that Jupiter moved *back* from the orbit of Mars to its present position. If he explained this, perhaps you could add his explanation to your synopsis.

[@geemanbmw]

@Brian Coley that's partly true that jupiters are the most common because current technology can more readily pick out large planets and current technology can readily pickup wobbles from small star red dwarfs it's much more difficult with large K type stars and up G,F A. But to say they are the most common is not true. Just wait till the technology improves and the detection around K & G Type stars with Earth like planets will be off the charts. And F8 and F9 stars have potential in wide orbits.

[@geemanbmw]

@@osmosisjones4912 read your comment... again

[@VisitingwithMr.V]

This is fascinating. And seems to fit with a lot old myths and legends, as well as the Fomenko's Saturnian Cosmology. I am not an astronomer, but found this through my study of banned books as an English teacher. What do you think?

[@emceeboogieboots1608]

Frickin awesome once again Dr Becky, answering questions I had and hadn't thought of. And its a lovely accent, as an Aussie we tend to economise on letters too

[@CP53]

Enjoying this channel, from Brazil

[@DaveLH]

Thanks for this video -- When I was studying computer programming in school, one project I did was to port the old ACCRETE simulation of the formation of the solar system to Windows in C++. But I see now that ACCRETE is missing out a lot of details that I guess they didn't know about then, like gravitational resonance and the other things you discuss. Makes me wonder if there's another, open source simulation out there that's a lot more up to date. And I will say that I have no problem with how you pronounce "Saturn"... But I admit I've usually heard Kuiper's name pronounced with a silent "U", to rhyme with "piper" -- This is the first time I've heard it pronounced "Quee-Per". But for all I know that's actually the correct way.

[@gboy1973]

The free version of Universe Sandbox lets you explore and discover any of the included simulations for as long as you want. The premium version lets you create your own simulations, add new bodies (like planets and stars), and change all the various simulation properties. Universe Sandbox 2 is awesome and Solar Smash is fun as well. :)

[@theelectricorigins846]

Earth exists because of Saturn since we once were a satellite of him (tidally locked), same as Mars, Neptune and likely Venus. That's why we all share the same spin axis tilt!!!!

[@robhogan5205]

The most entertaining science channel . Great stuff

[@eddielopez5708]

Great Explanation for Migration of Planets. Great work.

[@johnladuke6475]

Naturally, Dr. B finds a way to give Saturn all the credit XD

[@DrBecky]

Of course! 🪐🪐🪐

[@FLPhotoCatcher]

It's Sa-urn.

[@michaelsommers2356]

@@FLPhotoCatcher The glottal stop is usually represented by an apostrophe: Sa'urn, or Hawai'i, for example.

[@Aurinkohirvi]

I noticed Becky excused use of Sa'urn with ACCENT rather than DIALECT. So... she is trying to speak "proper" English but her accent fights back? Also rewinding some video to listen this, I notice she said "pa'at" instead of "part". I think. I'm a Finn so I don't have as good ear as native English speakers to hear the difference for sure. English R has so little trill anyway it often sounds just like a lengthening of the vowel.

[@michaelsommers2356]

@@Aurinkohirvi 'Accent' usually refers to just pronunciation, while 'dialect also includes vocabulary and even grammar. There is nothing at all improper about the northern dialect, or any other regional dialect. Even Scots. I have never heard anyone pronounce 'part' as 'pa'at', with the apostrophe representing a glottal stop. Most varieties of English in England are non-rhotic.

[@ajkey2266]

Yes, we love the bloopers, but they're just the icing on the very interesting and entertaining experience that is watching you talk about space. Oh, and cake, that was the metaphor. Cake. Not that you talk about cake, you talk about space...oh nevermind, just hurry up with the next one.

[@sdaniel9129]

Space Cake

[@denisasicartile7611]

You are fantastic, Dr Becky. I'm watching you from Germany.

[@michaelbates2823]

Thank you for your passion and generosity in sharing this knowledge. 🙏 Subscribed. 😊

[@247tubefan]

The Sun is such a Hottie. It's not surprising that all the plants are so attracted to it.

[@GimmieTheGaff]

Dad Joke: why is Mars so small? Because Jupiter Saturn it.

[@davidanderson_surrey_bc]

Earthy humour.

[@Loreman72]

Ba-doom, kshhh!

[@acitysodead]

Don't get this joke. Anybody explain it clearly please?

[@stevebrooks9119]

Because Jupiter SAT ON (SATURN) IT....... Are you people from the USA who've asking for an explanation... ??

[@stevebrooks9119]

@Brainjock OK BJ, one last try... Mars is much smaller than Saturn or Jupiter. It is smaller because Jupiter sat on (Saturn) it and squashed it. It's just a play on the sound of the names of these planets in the Solar System. Depending where you come from, maybe your natural accent prevents 'Saturn' sounding like 'Sat on'. Maybe it's a UK thing. Say it out loud, although I expect after all you effort to understand it, the joke won't be funny any more... Good luck...

[@RandolfRichardson]

This is great! What an interesting topic, and fantastic information presented in a way that's easy to understand. Thank you!

[@koalanectar9382]

Dr.B is so intelligent and engaging and quite fit as well! Woo!

[@talideon]

Saturn: as always, the real OG!

[@Savannah1111RoyalCups]

😎✊🏾🪐✨🌍🌒💫

[@naturalphilosopher7904]

Our origins, and birth planet.

[@deeprecce9852]

Question : is it true that even though we know gravity causes attraction between dust and particles but we do not quite understand what trigger a collapse where planets starts to form?

[@theemissary1313]

General consensus is that the dust became charged via friction and ionising radiation from the sun which caused static attractionlike a balloon on your hair and when these bits got big enough gravity took over proper.

[@deeprecce9852]

@@theemissary1313 Thanks for the reply. Thats the process most commonly explained. If you know of any research papers done on this subject please do share with me...many thanks.

[@stephenlane9168]

Loved this video, I’ve subscribed 👌🙏👏

[@ElkayEQ]

Hello Dr Becky! I've been binge watching your channel for a few days now and I just wanted to say a couple of things. First, LOVE LOVE LOVE your educational videos! I'm uneducated and in love with Space and all things within and I really enjoy how you take the time to explain many of your topics in great detail. Secondly can Astronomers PLEASE start giving Neptune some love?? It's got to be one of the most beautiful planets in our system but always seems to take a back seat to the inner giants and that's an honest shame! Lastly, thank you for all of your videos. Loving them!!

[@owensmith7530]

What we should really have is Neptune and Uranus orbiter missions. Every other planet has had one or more missions orbit them, so why do we keep sending orbiters back to the same planets. Not doubt the scientists will say that the moons of xyz planet are really interesting and we need a mission to inspect them. I'll bet the moons of Uranus and Neptune are really interesting too, if only we sent orbital missions to those planets that could also look at the moons in more detail. And we only need one spacecraft design, just build two of them. Both need RTGs for power they're so far away from the sun, so there's no real need to make the spacecraft different. People thought Pluto would be boring, and look what we found when we finally sent a probe to it.

[@olevik2005]

I'm going to celebrate Saturnalia every year to thank Saturn.

[@Shadow81989]

I raise you to a weekly celebration - maybe we could call it Saturnday!

[@peterjamesfoote3964]

Maybe even have an annual winter holiday with visits from Saturn Claus!

[@ViratKohli-jj3wj]

We have Saturday every week

[@STho205]

@@ViratKohli-jj3wj nothing gets past you.

[@isorokudono]

You already do. It's December 25th.

[@gordianknot5625]

Can nanometer to centimeter sized chunks really attract and hold on to each other via gravity? Wouldn't electromagnetism be the more likely route?

[@glennkammerer795]

I saw a documentary on Amazon, I think, several years ago, that went over the wandering planet theory. Fascinating stuff, especially in light of the fact that the planet-building phase of a new solar system has a relatively short window to get it done.

[@alhdgysz]

WOW, your channel is fantastic! Everything is better with an English accent, your presentational skills are great and your singing is cute.

[@Zoutsteen]

2:50 that is an intuitive statement. Try: Lighter elements get pushed out by the solar radiation, leaving the heavier elements.

[@Pochaco2007]

What else could We ask for? Astrophysics explained by the most beautiful Dr. on KZbin.

[@akgreenberg]

Brilliant! I just love your stuff!

[@gregorycoogle7621]

I was very impressed with Dr. Becky! You must be very entertaining at parties. How to watch more videos because you are so brilliant and knowledgeable making it entertaining. Thanks! 😉

[@malshy]

"Astronomers Have No Idea How Planets Form" Wal Thornhill

[@nikk4105]

Totally agree found his videos about a year ago... The pieces fit if you also follow the ancient aliens movement...

[@rosewhite---]

GOD created them all 6,000 years ago.

[@human1754]

@Rose white you mean 1 trillion years ago

[@rosewhite---]

@@human1754 Silly little Melon head. Your brain must be a melon seed. You need to grow up and throw out all those StarTrek videos and try consider the irrefutable (know what that means?) fact that worms make topsoil at the rate of one inch per five years.

[@naturalphilosopher7904]

EU makes a lot of sense, realistic as well.

[@nameless5413]

(in jest) so the bloody Trappist system needs to do its piano lessons, that was appalling. In more serious mood that was what i was trying to find somewhere, VERY long time ago i've heard that Jupiter migrated had no clue why or how. Yes that gravitational pull would help stabilize proto-planets and debris belts in good positions. As for why Jupiter / Saturn stopped maybe it was just sheer speed of their orbit? when you get closer to sun you accelerate on your orbit and if you can not decrease the speed you'd catapult out of the orbit (wisdom learned by destroying sol in Universe sandbox squared over many many messy collisions).

[@taanbrown4275]

whoa cool

[@PaulDormody]

Jupiter would ave accelerated after clearing the dust and debris in its path, that and the pull from Saturn every 2 orbits.

[@nameless5413]

@@PaulDormody I like that explanation, thank you Ice and Fire. Yes i can see how it would have been gradually pulled forth by Saturn's proximity, catapulting them both outwards. Maybe both our explanations played some part? but hey mine is just guess work based upon a game so its not even remotely researched.

[@taanbrown4275]

@@nameless5413 u r wicked smart yo

[@nameless5413]

@@taanbrown4275 i appreciate the thought but i really am not. if you feel you are lacking in smarts just see if you can find some nice documentaries or enthusiasts in field you wish to become more knowledgeable in. The person (De. Becky, i dont feel comfortable using someone's first name this casualy) whose video we watched above is very much both actual smart person and enthusiast in space related science (well specific category of it i think - she dose mention it on occasion).

[@paulspice4717]

Sa'urn glad to see you are proud of your accent. Excellent work Dr. Becky thanks

[@wings4078]

from a high school dropout that loves physics,I see how happy physics makes you,it makes me happy like that too…….Tks !