What are Corals and Coral Bleaching | Indepth | Drishti IAS

Coral are made up of genetically identical organisms called polyps. These polyps have microscopic algae called zooxanthellae living within their tissues. Corals and algae have a mutualistic relationship. Coral provides the zooxanthellae with the compounds necessary for photosynthesis. In return, the zooxanthellae supply the coral with organic products of photosynthesis, like carbohydrates, which are utilized by the coral polyps for synthesis of their calcium carbonate skeletons. In addition to providing corals with essential nutrients, zooxanthellae are responsible for the unique and beautiful colors of corals. There are 2 types of corals-Stony/Hard, Soft corals.The fourth global mass coral bleaching event has been triggered by extraordinary ocean temperatures, the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) said on Monday (April 15). This could have serious consequences for ocean life and millions of people who rely on reefs for food, jobs, and coastal defence.Here is a look at why corals are important, what coral bleaching is, where it is taking place, and what can be its implication.
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D

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2

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D

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D