Droop Characteristic/Droop Control of Synchronous Machines. Visualization using Simulation Model

For a more detailed study, you can refer to the books:
1) link.springer....
2) C.L. Wadhwa
for research going on in this field, you can refer to the following review paper (In this paper, you can get good papers to refer to):
"Review of Active and Reactive Power Sharing Strategies in Hierarchical Controlled Microgrids"
To observe this phenomenon yourself in the simulation, you can download the model from here:
in.mathworks.c...

[@w.f.durdana5542]

Thank you so much ! such a helpful explanaition. Most of the videos strictly focus on mathematical explaination which in my opinion doesnt work until one has understand whats going on in simple language.

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Hii, thank you...I am glad that it helped you...I will also remember the suggestion of keeping the concept simple for future videos.... :)

[@rohandaley60]

Thanks

[@ravikantupadhyay1511]

Might be the greatest the for the droop control, the way you explained and showed the waveform, it is unbelievable that any other can make this type of video, Hats of to you Sir.

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you ravikant...i am glad that it helped you

[@niranjankhotra5722]

Probably the best explanation I have seen about load and frequency relation. Superb example !

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you, Niranjan :)

[@rohanyadav7973]

I can sense how much of effort would have gone in creating this very amazing and informative Video... The technical details have been explained so well seems like the creator must be a genius guy...... I am expecting more such videos in future from this channel :)

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you rohan, I am overwhelmed with joy after reading your comment. Anyone who is reading this comment believe me we are not best friends from college. We don't know each other since 2012. He is just a stranger expressing his real feelings about my content. :)

[@raviverma6934]

I know, they both do not know each other :-)

[@saurabhtiwari5917]

I want Arnab and REPUBLIC TV to investigate these observations

[@ASeriousCircuit]

@@raviverma6934 thank you for the support

[@ASeriousCircuit]

@@saurabhtiwari5917 No media trials plz

[@kirtigupta7422]

Great explaination. The way you related the droop phenomenon with the tap and water makes it really simple to understand. Waiting for more such videos... 🙌

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you kirti mam

[@saichaitanyareddy7131]

That was simply superb... I couldn't stop myself from commenting... Especially that Tap example... ❤️

[@batman98298]

Thank you for the comment...I am glad that it helped you :)

[@nomnamecpp]

Crude examples

[@syafiqdin1442]

This is a very helpful explanation on droop control. I will remember the tap water example. Thanks, mate.

[@batman98298]

I am glad that it helped you

[@vemukasi]

This video gives good understanding about the response of the system with respect to demand changes in the system. Useful to gain the basic overview of droop control. Thank you for making such type of videos. Keep rocking...

[@zeeshanrayeen7673]

The video is too informatic and also explained the topic nicely. Its simulation make us understand the topic more clearly. It is really very helpful. 👍😎👍

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you bhai

[@wakamedesuga]

Thank you so so so so so so much for making this video! I have zero understanding of math or electricity. But I could follow you and start to understand the idea of droop control! Thank you again!!

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you for this amazing response... I will keep posting such videos

[@AmitYadav-bg4tm]

Very nice sir.....You have cleared my long pending doubts.....Kindly make videos regularly.

[@shahkhan110]

this is best video of your channel, please try making this kind videos more....

[@batman98298]

Thank you, I will try to upload more electrical-related videos.

[@alfandosavant4639]

Can i take a look what's inside that box before frequency scope? I have a pretty basic 1 phase simulation, i need to know how to convert Volt-time or watt-time into freq-time.

[@priteerane1318]

Very Effective explanation. Thank you for adding references.

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you pritee :)

[@Intellmac]

Thank you so much for the explanations! The only thing that I can't seem to find is the frequency measurement block. Is that a custom-made block?

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Hii for extracting the frequency and phase of a waveform try PLL block.

[@Hoe-ssain]

Great explanation. Thanks

[@priotysultana8841]

I am doing my Msc research in droop control in distributed integrated grid using renewable energy, but no idea what I should be doing. Can anyone help please?

[@conqueror509]

Very helpful explanation! I'd love to see how do you build the simulation of droop control in Simulink as well. Curious on that

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you... I'm planning on uploading a simulation soon !!!

[@mornicajanethiachristopher8456]

@@ASeriousCircuit Hello, sir. Where can i see how do you build the simulation of droop control in SIMULINK?

[@ASeriousCircuit]

@@mornicajanethiachristopher8456 Hii you can search for the simulation models here: in.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/ Even if you don't find the exact model you are looking for, you can use any loosely related model to understand the concept and then you can build one yourself

[@mornicajanethiachristopher8456]

@@ASeriousCircuit Thank you. In hope to see your tutorial soon

[@franklinodoom6781]

You just made everything simple thanks so much🥳🥳🥳

[@ASeriousCircuit]

You’re welcome 😊

[@AmanVerma-fb8qw]

Can u please give me the additional information or papers related to droop control with all the derivations of droop characteristics formula and control

[@batman98298]

There can be many right ways to proceed. For understanding the basics of a concept thoroughly I prefer standard books, and for research going on in that field, I prefer transaction review papers of that topic. For getting an insight into research going on in droop control you must look for review papers on droop control ( prefer transaction ). One good paper to start is "Review of Active and Reactive Power Sharing Strategies in Hierarchical Controlled Microgrids" .

[@AmanVerma-fb8qw]

@@batman98298 thanks

[@SkyWave32]

Isn't RPM directly related to Frequency output? So generator speed increases to increase frequency, generate more power, and push the grid frequency up? I saw in the video that it stated rotor speed decreases as grid frequency decreases (aka more load)

[@batman98298]

Both points are correct "generator rotor speed must increase to increase frequency when the frequency drops below rated" and "system frequency decreases below rated when generator rotor speed decreases due to an increase in load demand". The important concept to understand here is that "the rotor must run at rated speed in order to maintain rated frequency" ==> "rotor runs at the rated speed only when the input power to the rotor (mechanical) equals to output power (electrical), you can analyze SWING EQUATION for this phenomenon" ==> "now we have to list out the cases which create an imbalance between input power to the rotor (mechanical) and output power of generator (electrical)" ==> "the first case is when suddenly electrical load decreases, this creates a situation where the input mechanical power is still same) but output electrical power demand reduced, now if you look at SWING EQUATION, it is clear that in this scenario the acceleration factor becomes positive i.e. rotor accelerates or we can say the speed of the rotor is more than rated ( or RPM is more than rated) so ultimately frequency is more than rated" ==> "the second case is when suddenly electrical load increases, you can similarly relate this scenario with SWING EQUATION (consider less mechanical power and more electrical power) so acceleration becomes negative, which means speed reduced and hence frequency reduced" ==> Now in the video I have explained the process to overcome both above-mentioned disturbances, in one case we simply decrease power generation and in second we increase power generation. You can refer to the following site for a quick understanding of SWING EQUATION and rotor mechanics.

[@batman98298]

circuitglobe.com/swing-equation.html

[@SkyWave32]

@@batman98298 perfect response, thank you!

[@patrickmulholland1840]

EXCELLENT NO BULLSHIT EXPLANATION THANKYOU THATS WHAT SEPARATES A GOOD TEACHER FROM A HARD TO UNDERSTAND ONE THE GOOD ONES FIND A WAY TO GET THE MESSAGE THROUGH EVEN WITH A BRAIN LIKE MINE, LOL,THANKYOU FOR YOUR TIME VERY MUCH APPLAUDED

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Hi @patrick mulholland, thank you so much for your motivating comment. I am glad that it helped you!

[@seemagadri19]

Really hard work sir😁

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you

[@alfandiwicaksono8146]

Thanks a lot sir, It is really helpfull

[@batman98298]

I am glad that it helped you

[@piglink10]

Hi can you provide the mathematical models?

[@batman98298]

Hii...in the description, I provided a review paper's title, in that paper mathematical models of droop control in the microgrid are given with a proper explanation (I am assuming that you need the mathematical model for research purpose) and droop control in the conventional grid(synchronous machines) are straight forward, derived from the conventional droop characteristic equation.

[@Bruh456sus]

Thank you for sharing this video. i am running this simulation but could not get the frequency waveform. when i clicked on frequency oscilloscope, it is showing nothing. would you please guide accordingly

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Hi, I didn't get your query. It would be helpful if you could upload a screenshot on my Quora account or message me on LinkedIn. Link to both is available on home page.

[@hirushagamage1366]

wow so helpful for my final year project thanx

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Hi @hirushagamage1366, I am glad that it helped you 😊

[@shivshambhuchoudhary1204]

So beautiful explained

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thanks a lot 😊

[@khaledabdullah7802]

You are great man thank you for the explanation

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you, Khaled... I am glad that it helped you :)

[@gustavomarcelo7250]

Sir.How to set it as isochronous?

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Hi Gustavo, the droop characteristics of generators can be changed in two ways. One way is that we can change its slope (look @ 2:28 in the video), if we change the slope then it simply means that now the rate of change of frequency (w.r.t. change in demand) is changed. And if we control the generator speed in such a way that its speed(frequency) is not at all affected by the change in a load (parallel line to the x-axis), then we call this "isochronous generator". The second way is to shift the droop characteristics parallel to its present position (shifting the line upward and downward without changing its slope), the purpose of doing this kind of shifting is simple, observe the characteristic line, when the load will increase (Load1---> Load2), the frequency will decrease but we want the system to operate at a standard frequency which is not possible with the characteristic (line) we have (after the load increased), so we shift the characteristic line upwards, this shifting will give us a new frequency set point for the new load (Load2), this is called ""no-load reference setting"". Simply speaking if you design a controller in such a way that the generator never leaves its rated frequency then it is called an isochronous generator. Hope it clears your doubt...

[@gustavomarcelo7250]

@@ASeriousCircuit why does there is no drop in voltage when you switched on the load? Is there any regulator for the generator?

[@ASeriousCircuit]

@@gustavomarcelo7250 In Matlab the "three-phase source" can be of three types: (1) swing (2) PV (3) PQ. I choose the source to be swing which means that it will always maintain its terminal voltage and angle, just like a swing bus in load flow. If you choose PV then it always produces the specified real power at a specified voltage. In practice also we keep one generator as swing and the othesr as PV in one system.

[@surajpanda6209]

Please tell how to set droop settings in alternator

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Hi Suraj, I have not completely understood in what context you are talking about. But still, let me tell you from what I have understood from the question. The droop characteristics of generators can be changed in two ways. One way is that we can change its slope (look @ 2:28 in the video), if we change the slope then it simply means that now the rate of change of frequency (w.r.t. change in demand) is changed. And if we control the generator speed in such a way that its speed(frequency) is not at all affected by the change in a load (parallel line to the x-axis), then we call this "isochronous generator". The second way is to shift the droop characteristics parallel to its present position (shifting the line upward and downward without changing its slope), the purpose of doing this kind of shifting is simple, observe the characteristic line, when the load will increase (Load1---> Load2), the frequency will decrease but we want the system to operate at a standard frequency which is not possible with the characteristic (line) we have (after the load increased), so we shift the characteristic line upwards, this shifting will give us a new frequency set point for the new load (Load2), this is called ""no-load reference setting"". Hope it clears your doubt... you can refer to these lectures for a deep understanding of the concept kzbin.info/www/bejne/o3qogIWca9xml6M kzbin.info/www/bejne/kISQiJ2de6mkr6s kzbin.info/www/bejne/hpDXfHyjd9eclac If you were asking about the controller design then you can refer to the paper that I have provided in the link

[@garimaprashal6806]

What's the full form of EDGE

[@ASeriousCircuit]

No full form just the word "Edge".

[@Rameshmahria]

Nice video...

[@batman98298]

Thank you :)

[@sarahaimen5602]

Hey will you please help me regarding control system

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Sure, please ask!

[@sarahaimen5602]

May I have your email please?

[@ASeriousCircuit]

@Sarah Aimen you can message me on LinkedIn, I shared the link on the channel.

[@sarahaimen5602]

Oky sir..I sent you connection request please accept

[@Deepaksoni-et3tn]

Awsome👌

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you bro

[@saritavaishnav8160]

Very good

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank you

[@maithiliprasantentertainme1529]

Sir plz can u provide MATLAB file of this video

[@batman98298]

The link to the file is provided in the description.

[@Kiran_creaction24]

You are a great men 🥳🥳🥳

[@ASeriousCircuit]

No! you are great 😁😁😁

[@nimu...dost8113]

Nice 👍

[@nonyafletcher601]

I really want to understand more. Can you do an example of how generators ramp load in parallel? Example would be like diesel gen against utility and ramping load on and off generator. Great video with Matlab but want so much more and math to backup simulation

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Hi @Nonya Fletcher, thank you for the comment 🙂. I will try to post the suggested topic soon. Till then you can also check out the this video on power system inertia kzbin.info/www/bejne/Z3-1cqporrqdatk This is not directly related to what you ask but important to understand the droop.

[@nonyafletcher601]

@@ASeriousCircuit droop makes sense to me since the frequency can vary. I'm struggle to understand with utility parallel with generator since frequency and voltage are fixed because of strong utility source. How can generator assume more or less load in this case with those being fixed along with load value? An explanation would be appreciated!

[@ASeriousCircuit]

​Hi, @@nonyafletcher601 correct me if I am wrong "You are asking that a strong utility grid will maintain the frequency and voltage of the point of common coupling (PCC), then how a change in load at PCC deviates the frequency and voltage. And due to this, we need a DG to balance the power and maintain the frequency and voltage." If this is not your doubt then we can connect on LinkedIn to discuss this in detail. Send me a request here... www.linkedin.com/in/suraj-kumar-72b395a2/

[@hocho7254]

You have did nothing in this....you should had been worked on droop controller designing and explained it if you would thought to really help something to the newer students

[@batman98298]

Thank you for the suggestion...in the future, I will try that also but this video was just for teaching the concept with some visualization from Matlab. This is not about controller designing. I have mentioned it at the end of the video.

[@kanzatayoubi3138]

wow you are greaaat!!!!

[@nehamanjul1718]

👍👍👍

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Thank Neha Ji

[@heronimousbrapson863]

60 hz. in North America.

[@Nur_Md._Mohiuddin_Chy._Toha]

👍👍👍👍👍👍👍

[@saurabhtiwari5917]

Sir, mjhe phone kar ke samjhaao naa ye dope control.. Plzzz 🙏🙏

[@ASeriousCircuit]

No problem give me 1,00,000 for fees and I will explain any time :)

[@rohanyadav7973]

BINOD

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Binod

[@okoloedward7253]

working on something similar. can i contact you for help

[@ASeriousCircuit]

Hey, @Edward....This is not my field so I am not sure how much I would be able to help. But anyway you can comment your query here and if it would be something that I know then I would definitely help you.

[@babarbutt3008]

Hey, very informative. Can i get its simulink file. Or at least attach or detachable load part please...?

[@batman98298]

Hii thank you. The simulation is very simple and can be created by the instruction in video but if you still find any difficulty i have uploaded this on matlab central, use the following link.... in.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/83948-visualize-droop-characteristic-of-synchronous-generators

[@babarbutt3008]

Waiting for your response.

[@Kiran_creaction24]

👍👍👍👍