Economic Importance Of Fungi in Agriculture।Honours+General।

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Fungi have significant economic importance in agriculture due to their roles in promoting plant growth, protecting crops, and causing diseases:
Positive Roles:
Soil Fertility: Mycorrhizal fungi form symbiotic associations with roots, enhancing nutrient and water absorption.
Decomposition: Saprophytic fungi break down organic matter, enriching soil fertility.
Biocontrol: Fungi like Trichoderma and Beauveria bassiana are used to control crop pests and diseases naturally.
Biofertilizers: Fungi are used in biofertilizer production to reduce chemical fertilizer use.
Negative Roles:
Plant Pathogens: Fungi like Puccinia (rusts) and Ustilago (smuts) cause significant crop losses.
Food Spoilage: Some fungi spoil stored grains and food crops.
Toxins: Fungi like Aspergillus produce aflatoxins, harmful to crops and livestock.
Thus, fungi are both beneficial and detrimental to agriculture, affecting productivity and sustainability.
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