Embryology of the Pharyngeal Pouches and Clefts (Easy to Understand)

The development of the pharyngeal pouches and clefts explained in a very simple way.
If you are completely new to embryology and you want to understand it quickly, this should be the first video you watch:
- • Introduction to Embryo...
Post any questions you have about the video below, I read all the comments:
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In summary, the pouches become:
- Pouch 1: Part of the tympanic membrane (ear-drum); middle ear cavity; and internal auditory canal (eustachian tube).
- Pouch 2: Palatine tonsils.
- Pouch 3: Dorsal wing becomes the inferior para-thyroid glands. The ventral wing becomes the thymus.
- Pouch 4: Dorsal part becomes the superior parathyroid glands. The ventral part becomes the ultimobranchial body.
- Pouch 5: There is no pouch five, it is rudimentary.
The clefts become:
- Cleft 1: External auditory meatus and part of the tympanic membrane (eardrum).
- Clefts 2, 3, and 4 should disappear. Otherwise branchial fistula or cysts may persist.
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Summary of video for your notes:
- There are four pairs of pouches, the fifth is rudimentary.
- The first pharyngeal pouch forms a stalk-like diverticulum called the tubotympanic recess. It comes into contact with the epithelial lining of the first pharyngeal cleft.
- The second pharyngeal pouch proliferates and forms buds that penetrate into the surrounding mesenchyme. By month 5 the tonsil is infiltrated by lymphatic tissue.
- The third pharyngeal pouch is characterised by a dorsal and ventral wing. In the 5th week, the dorsal wing differentiates into the inferior parathyroid gland; while the ventral into the thymus. Both glands lose their connection with the pharyngeal wall, and the thymus migrates caudally and medially pulling the parathyroid with it. The parathyroids will hopefully find the dorsal surface of the thyroid as it descends in the thyroglossal duct.
- The fourth pouch also has dorsal and ventral components. The dorsal is the superior parathyroid glands and they detach and find the thyroid as it descends. The ultimobranchial body is later incorporated into the thyroid as the C cells (parafollicular cells). These cells secrete calcitonin, which "calci-tones-calcium down" (if high serum calcium is detected, it is released and reduces serum calcium).

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Glad you like them!

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Hehe, I'm glad you liked it. The videos will keep coming. Like me on Facebook and follow on Instagram to keep up to date!

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[@minass]

Exactly. Thats why I made these videos. Thanks for the comment!

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Sir kindly give a brief lecture on nueral crest cells and craniifacial defects including Robin's sequence and others....

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Can you please upload a vedio about branchial arch arteries

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I won't ever die as long as people watch keep playing my videos haha. Yes Moazzam, I'm back and will be uploading many more videos at a much quicker pace. There are two more coming this week. Embryology of the tongue, and the thyroid. Thanks for watching!

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They're up - check it out!

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Plz make video on molecular regulation of development of head and neck

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More head and neck videos are coming. Including face and teeth embryology. Molecular development is something thats more advanced, I can send you notes on those if you contact me on FaceBook

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Legend

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I believe the 1st pouch forms the internal auditory meatus and the 1st cleft forms the external auditory meatus

[@minass]

Angelo Materia yes

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[@minass]

Had to google translate this 😂

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Are these all the structures developed from the pharyngeal pouches, no aortic, or any vessel structures that are important?

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I love you..

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please do histology

[@minass]

Maybe sometime in the future but currently I dont have plans to

[@mariabacha2179]

This may have been implied, but I want to confirm - does the colour coding from the 3 primary germ layers match the material of the pharyngeal components? i.e: Clefts - Ecto, Arch - Meso and Pouch - Endo?

[@UzairMuhammad1999]

yep

[@minass]

Yes it should be colour coded to make it even easier 🙂

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Sir when would you keep your video about embryology of female genital organs?

[@minass]

Its up!

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which pharyngeal arch makes the mandible, external ear and palate ?

[@minass]

You should watch my pharyngeal arch video :)

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very nice video, very helpful thank you very much! Quick irrelevant question. Your name is Minas, are you greek?

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apoelpirates79 Armenian 🙂

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3 pancakes 🥞

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Which book you prefer in embryology?

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Haha yes, it was necessary

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ain amira I will soon!

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