When We Met Other Human Species

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We all belong to the only group of hominins on the planet today. But we weren’t always alone. 100,000 years ago, Eurasia was home to other hominin species, some of which we know our ancestors met, and spent some quality time with.
Thanks to Julio Lacerda and Fabrizio de Rossi from Studio 252mya for their wonderful hominin illustrations. You can find more of their work here: 252mya.com/
Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: / pbsdigitalstudios
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Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, MissyElliottSmith, The Scintillating Spencer, AA, Zachary Spencer, Stefan Weber, Ilya Murashov, Charles Kahle, Robert Amling, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Alex Yan
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References: docs.google.com/document/d/1h...

[@eons]

Some commenters have pointed out that calling Neanderthals and Denisovans “other hominin species” in this episode breaks the rules of the biological species concept (BSC), which says if two things can interbreed, then they’re the same species. Some paleoanthropologists would agree. They consider both Neanderthals and Denisovans to be subspecies of Homo sapiens, rather than separate species. Other experts would say that Neanderthals have a set of features that make them clearly distinguishable from Homo sapiens, putting them outside the range of variation we include in our species. And we hardly know the Denisovans - like we said in the video, they don’t even have a scientific name yet. The incredible thing about this is that we can even think about applying the BSC to fossils at all. The BSC is a species concept based on living organisms, and it’s only been within the last two decades or so that we’ve had the ancient DNA and the technology to test hypotheses about interbreeding in extinct groups. And it’s not the only way to define a species, either, so it will likely be a while (if ever) before anthropologists decide whether we’re a different species, subspecies, or population from the Neanderthals and Denisovans. (Darcy Shapiro, PhD, script editor)

[@abutterfly1351]

:O

[@talsola]

Agreed. BSC is problematic even when applied on living organisms, let alone fossils.

[@runesk8179]

This is incredibly fascinating information, thank you so much for the clarification!

[@theMosen]

I don't know. The BSC may be problematic (because of things like ring species, etc), but it's a lot more clear cut than any other definition of species that I've come across.

[@EZboyrocks]

PBS Eons so what defines a different species? The term is meaningless then.

[@tshepomasiea3985]

I think dolphins and canines should come clean about seals.

[@MerkhVision]

Lmfaooo I think you’re on to something there hmmm

[@alecb1304]

Underrated 😂

[@jays-move8803]

Hahaha 😄

[@sandradowling]

This should be top comment haha

[@hassanmannan8313]

Hahahhhhhah this made my day!

[@channelofbirds9746]

When they said "They live on in our genes reminding us a time when we weren't alone." it kinda made me emotional man...

[@Emily-tv1iz]

That final piano chord really made that line hit hard

[@acertainredpanda1115]

I have so much respect for all the researchers and scientists who work so passionatley to uncover the mysteries of the past. I find it so hard to imagine how much work it takes to find human remains of so long ago, and all the science that goes into researching the finds.

[@grell5108]

And on top of that they have to deal with people trying to deny the validity of their entire field. I mean, I only have an interest in it and I get mad when people act like human evolution is bogus. Imagine someone telling you that your entire life's work is worth nothing to them.

[@kak8895]

​@@grell5108Blame that on trash religions that came to existence 3000-2000 years ago

[@Dr.Kraig_Ren]

​@@kak8895"religion" was always there in some form of others. Every tribe worships something. Don't worry, only 1% people are responsible for humanity's achievements. Rest just feed those 1% by forming large groups to hunt.

[@jdashow9037]

Imagine if other hominids survived with us. Our world would have had elder scrolls style diversity,

[@1D991]

You see how bad we are just with different skin tones, it's little wonder only we survived.

[@Omgits7ito]

Actually woulda been so cool

[@whatsupbudbud]

I think Danz is spot on. Tribalism is still a thing, just look at who we elect and tolerate as leaders of world powers. I think this is where evolution has (for now) got it wrong. It didn't anticipate that we would be able to create a hospitable environment which is suited just for us and where instinctually protective and aggressive behavior, which did work to our advantage in ancient times, actually makes our species more vulnerable to ourselves.

[@jerrardtate5112]

whatsupbudbud really good point

[@madjames1134]

@@whatsupbudbud Even men of the same people can kill each other because they differ only in what sect of their religion they belong (Catholic and Protestant Irishmen, Sunni and Shia Iraqis).

[@JanJohnsonTan]

"if you can't beat them join them" - some random Neanderthal

[@futuristicgirl14]

More like “I like blondes”

[@OHOE1]

Why can’t we just create a Neanderthal so we can make Neanderthal nation

[@thunderlycanthrope7804]

@@futuristicgirl14 that was never the case at all. 👎

[@futuristicgirl14]

@@thunderlycanthrope7804 it was a joke

[@GadgetMuhsin5000]

@@futuristicgirl14 Blond should be a trait of Neanderthals not modern humans.

[@lapeez2277]

you wouldn't know her, she's from a different species

[@seraphim108]

😂

[@DCampusano1]

LOL

[@reallyryan_]

Lmao

[@crazyone4u442]

I'm right here, carrying the denisovan gene

[@Call_Me_The_Storyteller]

"So what? She is still prettier tan you..."😆

[@saucewizard69]

It’s so sweet to think about our ancestors falling in love and being tender with other hominids and feeling all the ways that we feel about other people!! Human beings have such a great capacity for love when we’re put in the right setting.. If I were an ancient human I would find it really exciting to meet and get to know other hominids.

[@louisasevier1034]

Comments like your's give me so much hope for humanity and our future. Thank you for putting a smile on my face!

[@joso7228]

A Khal Drogo and Daenerys relationship seems more likely.

[@DavidCruickshank]

This is cavemen so I'm guessing they were less courted and more forced.

[@ClassyName]

@@DavidCruickshank Humans and Neanderthals were nomadic, so if groups had hostile enough relationships to motivate one side to take advantage of the other, the weaker group would likely flee than suffer more abuse. So not enough to let a significant amount of interbreeding to occur through it. Thus, I imagine the most interbreeding happened while the groups were mingling which would most easily happen during like trading or socialization or cohabitation. Edit also : most people wouldn’t say Neanderthal females were as attractive to us, so I don’t imagine most people would go out of their way unless they genuinely liked each other for more than just looks

[@jones2277]

it's more likely that there were raids and rapes of the females of the species as their populations declined.

[@LapasLamp]

Imagine seeing a human that looks like you, but is another species, imagine if they existed today, their voices and culture. This is so interesting!

[@rishikeshwagh]

people would be both racist and speciest

[@letiziaros5407]

“They live on in our genes, reminding us of a time when we weren’t alone.” chillssssss literally chilss

[@Mayla41400]

Now we're alone and all we can do is start intercontinental slap fights...ya hate to see it..

[@6-98]

@@Mayla41400 yes but you can train the human body to do anything especially with today's technology and work out equipment. I think the best thing a human can do to go back to these times is build a gym inside a jungle and live off plants 😂

[@BlindSniper305]

@@6-98 what

[@kunuelo5576]

@@BlindSniper305 ?

[@TGHQspocky]

it’s really not all that deep at all lmao

[@Bruh-ig6ec]

(so this is how it worked in the past) Girl: is sitting Guy: hmmmm Girl: stands up on 2 legs Guy: She's the one

[@Ishidalover]

The good old days 😔

[@mesajongte]

🤣🤣🤣

[@jamesmueller8701]

Anthony G. guy: note to self ; don't drag by feet. fills up with sticks and dirt and stuff..,. LOL

[@jaxturner7288]

James Mueller what fills up?

[@Chillerll]

Bipedal is sexy AF

[@wildxoce87]

Just thinking about the interactions of different hominid species (or subspecies) gives me chills. It really highlights that humans are just another species on this planet and like many others that have come before us, we will perish just the same. It’s hard for any human to grasp the concept of geological time.

[@Thunderblock7889]

Stop lying. Neanderthals are not humans. Neanders are violent and xenophobic and went to war eoth humans. Those hominids are dofferent from us and we dont need them.

[@Thunderblock7889]

Stop worshipping xenos

[@Thunderblock7889]

Xenos aint human.

[@Thunderblock7889]

You are brainwashed

[@Thunderblock7889]

We dont need anyone

[@alexo3769]

it's mind blowing to think about the fact that in that whole timeline of so many million years you get born into this technological modern world. I know the reason is to answer logical and quite easy but it is just so incredible

[@michaelh4227]

Meanwhile in an alternate universe, Neanderthals are watching videos about why humans went extinct.

[@angelherrera5240]

I hate those Neanderthals man

[@CookieCutVids]

Neanderthals were human they are in the genus homo(hehe) they're just not humans like us

[@hazard4349]

Hmm, for some reason I think our universe may be like that

[@v.e.7236]

You just gave the writers of The Flash an idea for their multi-verse push. Just imagine Flash interacting w/ a Neanderthal Flash. Ha!

[@ktg5713]

Lol

[@LarsAttack91]

There has been a moment in history when there was only one Neanderthal left. Imagine being that one.

[@lorenzosantigli9206]

He didn't even know...

[@adamdd09]

Sitting in Spain. What's that? ANOTHER Ice Age!? Screw that I'm going extinct!

[@dyeus4464]

Lorenzo Santigli your comment sucked up all the emotions haha. But that might be true; all of us without recent African ancestor are all Neanderthals.

[@You.Tube.Sucks.]

Unless a whole group was wiped out by one event...

[@ryankelly5060]

No, they just went home.

[@Thjesht_Teo]

I feel bad about our ex species, as if, a part of me wants to meet them.

[@adalsteinn5477]

Been binge watching these videos. Very informative stuff! Thanks for putting out content like this!

[@alex-fs9yt]

_"They controlled fire."_ *Everything changed when the fire nation attacked.*

[@Aralyne]

Lol

[@lilj3467]

😄 that was a quality joke

[@kimjong-il6199]

It really was

[@abdulazizbature2615]

I'm the 500th like

[@abrahmsalazar2239]

Abdulaziz Bature I'm the 501 like

[@elizabethshaw734]

They looked enough like us that we didn't fear mating with them.

[@Corn0nTheCobb]

I know

[@WoWGirl6]

haha its more like, "ohhh what can I have sex with next! close enough" LMAO

[@egomaniac7230]

Dwarfs are hot.

[@charlieross-BRM]

The William Shatner version of Captain Kirk did weirder things, I'm sure.

[@NoCluYT]

Interracial relationships Edit: I'm joking😭😭

[@xavierharvey4961]

Every time I see videos like this it just makes me realize that we are all a small part of a bigger picture.. that should be some motivation to wanna do something great in this lifetime your currently living in.. with all the Technology and resources are ancestors just didn't have..

[@newtpollution]

It's always so awe inspiring to learn just how many more mysteries our planet holds for us to discover.

[@GrandTourHTX]

Not if we continue to destroy it with our trash.

[@CharlesTheClumsy]

I love the Internet. I love having the possibility to learn information like this very easily.

[@aamipankaj]

Internet is great when we use it but it's bad when internet uses us.

[@apersonofearth7368]

Not only do you have the ability to learn but the ability to chose what you learn

[@malthenielsen1370]

KZbin is also the biggest time consuming website, which can easily waste a lot of your time in the long run. Be careful binge-watching

[@maciekr4641]

@@malthenielsen1370 dumb people will remain dumb, no matter the media they are using.

[@razielthesniper9241]

@@malthenielsen1370 true that! everything is dangerous when it takes all your time

[@BigfootAnthropologist]

I highly suspect that a lot of the interbreeding was by archaeologists. As an archaeologist, I've always heard that archaeologists will date any old thing.

[@Dhrazia]

Underrated joke of the year.

[@isaiahsnarr4538]

Bigfoot Anthropologist wow genius

[@tjsigchi]

Underrated comment😂

[@ceebee4750]

Oh my gosh...hilarious.

[@uniikkiz]

dad joke of the year

[@AdmiralBison]

Basically “Love” helped us better survive as a species than fear and ignorance.

[@PremierCCGuyMMXVI]

This is why I love science, you learn so much about our species, our world, and universe.

[@shionkreth7536]

"It wasn't a one-time thing." -Homo Sapiens

[@shellybee9322]

Homo Sapien Sapien 😊

[@jimbodini1969]

Nah.....it’s me and my relatives......!!!

[@age-ben4910]

Lol...

[@shionkreth7536]

@ArmchairWarrior That's what I tried to tell my ex but she didn't feel the same way.

[@jilliansmith7123]

Homo sapiens sapiens are the "new people," the ones who are becoming taller, thinner and so much better at computers and tech...they're the ones who build rocket ships and study DNA in labs and work the Hadron Collider...and then there are those of us who refuse to be reeducated into more sustainable energy work and prefer to dig coal like our great grandpappies did. Homo sapiens only. Guess who shall inherit the wealth of the future?

[@loganelfreecs9980]

This is honestly kinda crazy to me and I think it says something about humanity's desperation for companionship. People will talk to inanimate objects, we adopt pets, we hang out in areas where over a thousand of us live and we're still not satisfied with having that many companions. So we imagined fairies or dragons or other creatures we could communicate and talk to and as we soon learn they probably don't exist, we look to other places where we might find intelligent life, like the stars, or under the sea or we create it ourselves through robots and Artificial Intelligence. There's ghosts in our blood and we're all so desperate for companionship, it. It gives me chills honestly.

[@ariretari2415]

Damn. Such a lonely species

[@thefacelessquestion3333]

"Ghosts in our blood"could be a cool name for a band.

[@RobMedellin]

I love this comment

[@destinschnaidt5498]

Idk man see some crazy stuff in the woods

[@snowyrox3331]

That's a bit dismissive to assume that anything outside of our paradigm and level of understanding is to only be considered a figment of our imagination under the assumption that we're lonely. Especially when there are still loads of discoveries that are deliberately being withheld from the general public.

[@luizhp]

Discovered this channel today. Loved it!

[@SiDung-qg7rn]

There are a number of bird species that can interbreed resulting in fertile offerings. Red Siskin and canary, for example, are different species yet they can produce beautiful offsprings.

[@silvertheelf]

When dwarves, elves, hobbits, orcs, and bear folk existed.

[@swiati2113]

Or perhaps all those legends are actually based on something real

[@silvertheelf]

Neanderthals = bear folk Denisicins = ? Australias little people = hobbit Modern humans to our ancestors = elves Idk = orcs

[@vivusbrydyr4039]

@@silvertheelf orks would be homo erectus or homo habilis

[@Rut6534]

@@silvertheelf More like neanderthals = dwarves, because they were shorter than modern humans, and they had different bone-structures.

[@Rut6534]

@@silvertheelf I think you're wrong there. He says in this video that neanderthals were relatively short. I did some research and they were around 1,50 to 1,60 meters (4,92 to 5,25 feet). Modern humans were indeed shorter back then somewhere around 1,70 m (5,58 feet).

[@dinornis]

I guess the real journey was all the friends we reproduced with along the way.

[@Erica-ye7kp]

Lmao

[@ronjayrose9706]

Yep don't forget the animals we killed along the way

[@ls200076]

@@ronjayrose9706 ok

[@SS-zi6nf]

Ronjay Rose no let’s forget about that

[@Blackkey034]

The real journey? U mean "prize"?

[@rowanbradford5032]

I did the national geographic genome project and it came back that I had 3.2% denisovan DNA, which was more than the Neanderthal DNA. I’m from the UK and as far as I’m aware all my family are in the UK. I’d love to find out more about this but I have no clue where to start!

[@ferretappreciator]

I have to ask: what is like being human mixed with human mixed with human? Possibly even more human in there, too. You're, like, 50 people

[@neverrello]

@@ferretappreciator😂😂😂

[@elenastubo]

Fantastic organisation and description to understand such a very complex subject. Not a lot of people achieves this clarity, I have to say, we’ll done! Would you kindly make a program on the Homo Antecessor, from Atapuerca, Burgos (Spain) ? I am extremely interested on their role on modern human ancestry! I love your eloquence ! ❤️❤️❤️Elena

[@juliatreciak926]

I’m about to have a stroke thinking about how old this planet is.

[@edgarrazo9681]

I know. What amazes me the most is that even if we go extinct, there may be a new species in the future capable of doing just the same as us, or even more. Life has evolved so many times already that I know for a fact it won't stop with us. It will continue for as long as this planet exists.

[@justanormalguyontheinterne7630]

Only 4.5 Billion years

[@Juicersen]

@@justanormalguyontheinterne7630 ONLY??

[@justanormalguyontheinterne7630]

I was been sarcastic lol, Yes I know Earth is 4.5 Billion years old and it is a heck of a long time but still not much in reality compared to how old the universe is overall

[@justanormalguyontheinterne7630]

@@Juicersen The universe overall is about roughly 13.8 billion years old so yeah there were many other planets ,stars and galaxies that existed way before our Solar system and our sun existed

[@mrx4022]

_"It's dark out here, and we're the last humans left."_

[@henkprojm]

Isn't that from "it's okay to be smart" ?

[@sogeking878]

Jim Maskell it’s from exurb1a

[@shipwreck9146]

exurb1a is my existential hero.

[@Sammy_82]

How many people here watch exurb1a?

[@shipwreck9146]

@@Sammy_82 at least 209

[@mattpk1609]

Wow i asked this exact topic/question myself. I find the Idea so fascinating - thank you for this Video

[@thalitaaureliano7786]

I love this channel, thanks!!!

[@WickedWildlife]

Could you do a video on when true crocodiles, gharials and alligators diverged? There’s some interesting thoughts on why true crocs (even fresh water species) are salt tolerant where gators and caimans are not

[@chelsey8737]

Oooh yeah that would be cool

[@dimitrisbam1132]

why are crocs tolerant could you please elaborate

[@mamaslist5682]

I want to see this

[@ariochiv]

@dimitris: Alligators can't tolerate salt water, while crocodiles can.

[@altareggo]

@@dimitrisbam1132 Most croc species have glands underneath their tongues ("salt glands") that permit them to excrete excess salt from their blood.... so they are "salt tolerant" - they can live in salty water like brackish-water coastal areas. Nobody really knows why they have salt glands but perhaps they evolved in brackish water habitats, and have just never given up the adaptations which made it possible for them to live in salty waters. Its certainly something SciShow could tackle!!

[@bailey9947]

Gonna be honest, I thought that neanderthals were just part of the evolution of humans. I literally had no idea that there were ever multiple species of humans living at the same time. This video was super informative and introduced my nerdy ass to a really cool new topic for me to aggressively research. Thanks!

[@hoseoulks]

Parker Bailey same though, I'm such a nerdy geek for these types of things

[@NIGHTMARENAVIGATORZ]

Gotta love science!

[@camelkilla]

Still is

[@houseofzuma1033]

To be fair Neanderthals are still in debate ....only a handful exist with successful dna extraction....also idk why anthropologist are so perverted...no other animals mate outside of there species...but apparently we i.e homo sapien sapiens are hentai level pervy to sleep with any creature...lol....

[@houseofzuma1033]

Neanderthals are homo sapiens like denisovin ...it will be uncovered sometime.

[@patrickoconnor6514]

Great Video. I was deep in thought about other hominids and why they aren’t here anymore and this video was perfect

[@stephenbahrmarbles]

Great stuff! Thank you !

[@rhubarber2272]

They drew my boy Denisovan like a Dr. Suess Chewbacca.

[@CourtneyCoulson]

R/brandnewsentence

[@slashingraven]

Doctorseussovans

[@williamoleary4108]

I was thinking "Noob Saibot"....

[@briantunzi2462]

So a human Did Fu(k & Ape Back when ? Maybe ? More then likely ..

[@Kroitk]

That feel when your name is Denis...

[@HarDarkable]

"They live in our own genes, reminding us of a time when we weren't alone." Right in the feelings D:

[@sugarcandy654]

I almost cried😮‍💨 it was really touching

[@TheRealFocalors]

that damn piano

[@funguy6844]

Absolutely brilliant ending statement!! I got choked up there for a bit.

[@unownintendo]

I constantly think about how disappointed I am that the neanderthals proper died out. It would’ve been so interesting to see what the world would look like had TWO groups of sentient species developed here. Wouldn’t make the universe feel so lonely.

[@ProximaCentauri55]

Racism would be greater than ever,it still exists even with just ONE species living,imagine if it was two or more...

[@ruisen2000]

"They're shorter, more musculer, and have longer brains" Me: Real living dwarves!!!

[@CiphersVII]

not living....

[@baru6891]

extinct dwarves

[@dvr2838]

Short compared to nowadays human we got way taller than we used to be

[@Sultan-lv8sj]

Their average height was 5'5 so, no.

[@HoundOfGod]

@@Sultan-lv8sj average height of a modern human in the civil war was about 5'5", abundance of foot and proper nutrition has greatly increased average human heights, you can tell by lookling at more Asian countries and how since full on interworld trade and connectivity of ww2 era the average hieght of their people has gone up as they've had more variations and plenitudes of food.

[@ismaiqbal7018]

Man. I can imagine the hostility we'd have if any of these species survived along with us. Considering how prevalent racism is even after so long within just one specie.

[@thatsinteresting3415]

It would be exactly the same as these "species" are just as human as us. Our need to classify humans that are marginally different than us as another species is a product of our bigotry. Just as race is non existent between humans now, there is nothing meaningful that separates us from other Humans like Neanderthals.

[@guidomonto3742]

@@thatsinteresting3415 that’s like saying a horse and donkey are the same. They might be similar, but definitely aren’t the same.

[@joshuajackson4742]

@@guidomonto3742 it isn’t like saying that whatsoever. If you can breed with something by definition you are the same species of that thing. That’s the scientific definition of species.

[@joshuajackson4742]

@@thatsinteresting3415 noticing biological differences isn’t bigotry. Bigotry is not allowing others to have an opinion. Read a dictionary.

[@guidomonto3742]

@@joshuajackson4742 I guess lions and tigers are the same species because they can breed. Same goes with whales and dolphins.

[@debabratadutta6]

Very nice report. Thank you.

[@benm5913]

Here three years after this was posted and super glad they changed presenters.

[@kwek2798]

imagine there's an island somewhere with somewhat pure neanderthal descent peoples living there

[@argenisjimenez8118]

More kind off an isolated part of Siberia I would imagine

[@kwek2798]

@@argenisjimenez8118 i guess so

[@Timothee_Chalamet_CMBYN]

Africa

[@prismanta4872]

Casey the Neanderthals left Africa really soon which is why people in Africa have 0% Neanderthal DNA but Europeans have 1-2%, so it’s unlikely that some tribe in Africa has its own population of Neanderthals still living, or they would have reproduced with humans at some point in the last 30,000 years

[@noelpathiyil3815]

There is a Island near India where there are some people living still in pre fire era. They are very hostile and probably don't have any langauge.

[@gyalsnextman4725]

I can’t lie I wish time travel was real so I could go back in time and see the first humans

[@gummygwyn]

Just don't sneeze nor cough anywhere near them

[@audreymuzingo933]

I'd like to go ahead and see the future ones.

[@hectorcorona8071]

Joe mama same

[@sagebyrn3684]

userdetails1 as stated in the video, if u even watched it or came to the comment section to insult Africans, they never encountered Neanderthals, so why don’t u go ask ur parents how the Neanderthals looked like and how they had more brain cells than u

[@skyluke9476]

@@audreymuzingo933 yeah I never understand why go back. The biggest and only regret about death is we cannot ever experience what we as humans achieve.

[@sarahwitney6751]

Wow, this was great, thanks!

[@PanoDramatic]

great video Really well graphed info.

[@nazamroth8427]

"Reminds us of a time when we weren't alone" For some reason this hit harder than it should have...

[@Swarm509]

It is interesting that we could of had two similar yet distinct species living together and what we could of done. I imagine there would of been a ton of slavery/violence seeing as we do that just with other humans for having different skin color/living in a different location/a shiny widget. Maybe we would of killed each other off after a while though.

[@davidm5707]

We do already have a history of that. It could only have been worse if they were different.

[@alexisbudzisz]

Same here. Was looking for a comment like this.

[@nazamroth8427]

@Alexander Supertramp We cant even handle different skin shades. Can you imagine what we would do to demihumans, for lack of a better word?

[@kiranmuraleekrishnan]

honestly that last sentence hit me too..

[@seanfarr4927]

Love it when Hank Green hosts these videos.

[@zoe-jm3hp]

Fantastic video this was !

[@solk.posner7201]

I love learning about humans.

[@user-tr8sb1ju5q]

Me too

[@MrAcerulez]

Yes. They are so interesting.

[@yapperyup]

MrAcerulez humans are cool for sure

[@Aconitum_napellus]

I love learning about humans so much, I plan to do it as a career.

[@INTERNERT]

HUUU MONN

[@Forenzikproductions]

This channel is incredible, I have learned more here about this type of stuff than I have at school which is crazy.

[@user-rc2gy5ik5n]

Not crazy at all... Schools purpose is not to educate you...

[@hi-yo2hi]

@@user-rc2gy5ik5n exactly

[@radschele1815]

@@user-rc2gy5ik5n US schools may not be for that case.

[@chelseablooze4923]

I wish I was more interested in these subjects at school.

[@zairnermuller4960]

Then you learn better by visual and audio material. Sadly schools are so outdated that the work of physiologists won't convince them that the archaic methods of teaching don't work anymore, if they ever worked

[@kindred8460]

I just love this channel so awesome 😁👏❤️🎉

[@maxL0423]

I love finding Hank in weird places! ❤️

[@albarence0522]

Back in 2008, National Geographic thought it was quite hard and impossible to trace and evidence that Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens interbred, now 11 years later we have this explanation here. Nice

[@scooterbrb5962]

The problem is that it is media. Just because they cannot see it does not meant they are not there.

[@Mayhzon]

They change their narrative every other decade. Watch them claim something else in the next 20 years.

[@kathryngeeslin9509]

@@Mayhzon Maybe sooner. We keep going from "unknown" to "clearly known", from "hard or impossible" to "several universities in several countries" have shown, more and more rapidly. From finding more materials to study to discovering more ways to study them science is moving faster and faster. I remember "future shock". It was once a real thing, but not anymore.

[@quelorepario]

@@Mayhzon I don't know what you are complaining, that is science at work. When a new evidence brings light to a more complete picture, what's the problem with updating our outdated knowledge? In the face of contradictory evidence, science rejects it's beliefs, while religion rejects the evidence. There is only one option to grow, if you are smart, you'll know what's the right state of mind.

[@crazykirsch]

@@Mayhzon "narrative"? You mean scientific advancement? How about you take a second to think about how you're able to view this video or leave a comment, all thanks to electric signals of 1 and 0. Guess that's just more "narrative" since 200 years ago such a thing was thought impossible too, right? SMH

[@briancooney9952]

Is it possible that they didn't really go extinct, but more so they were a much smaller population and they completely bred into our species over time?

[@zzzarkka]

Brian Cooney That still means they’re extinct lol.

[@briancooney9952]

@@zzzarkka it does not, actually, dince the subspecies still exists within another

[@cqproton]

@@briancooney9952 wouldn't we distinguish more of their genome in ours though?

[@akaakaakaak5779]

technically this did happen... only the ones that interbred with us have living decedents now

[@briancooney9952]

@@akaakaakaak5779 technically called "pseudoextinction" Not killed off, but bred away.

[@MellowDarkflower]

Last human: dies His dog: Aight bipedal time

[@estefaniavelez796]

Such a great episode

[@onlylonly888]

After more research, researchers discovered that we're living in a simulation runs by Neanderthals in a quest to find out why human went extinct in their world

[@psycheevolved1428]

Well no because neanderthals were not smart enough

[@jv-lk7bc]

@@psycheevolved1428 theres no evidence they were less intelligent than we were. They used the same sorts of tools and decorations, and organization.

[@daisy3869]

@@psycheevolved1428 that's actually the opposite of what our current evidence shows. We also can't compare our more advanced society to a younger one like theirs; we weren't much different at the time we coexisted

[@snape539]

@@psycheevolved1428 Aaand, we have archeologic evidence that shows they were capable of building large structures which required a great lot of team coordination and thought effort to do so, even more incredible If you consider the tools they must've used back then... Now, tell us, can you make a small building If i gave you the materials and the team to do so?

[@ryankelly5060]

Did they not adjust the ph on your brain liquids today?

[@zhaocui87]

And now, we still can’t get along with each other

[@hippieduck]

And we still keep making up foolish reasons as to why we shouldn't.

[@supplyanddistributions6418]

and we divide each other by "race" or better known as skin color. We're pathetic!!

[@why7387]

@@supplyanddistributions6418 ya race, religion, culture.

[@fernie6299]

@@supplyanddistributions6418 yep. truly pathetic.

[@cczsus6513]

@@fernie6299 Yep I feel like even if everyone is mixed of every race people still won't ever get along

[@KaizenSteelDrums]

love this channel

[@Articulate99]

Always interesting, thank you.

[@_marcxss]

Human: I have a round skull Neanderthal: *B I G B R A I N*

[@cadenrolland5250]

"We are the Humans. Your biological and technological distinctiveness will be added to our own. Resistance is futile."

[@HankyNoodle]

Make it so.

[@artemkras]

All yor base are belong to us

[@illerac84]

"We are the Sapiens." They would be human as well.

[@beberivera7011]

👏👏👏

[@oldmanofsacramento]

Very nice. Thank you.

[@kennethhughen2747]

i love watching this episode

[@m.a.packer5450]

They're called Canadians, and they're people too

[@EasternExplorer]

As canuck, can confirm.

[@ot23234]

Debatable

[@DM-dx3vz]

What’s a Canadian? Lol.

[@ot23234]

It's some kind of theme gang, like in a movie called "The Warriors." Instead of baseball uniforms or mime outfits they wear flannel and eat maple syrup.

[@ot23234]

Smells like maple syrup. Most nations base their currency on gold, not the Canadians.

[@adrianrosillo9201]

Humans: “Hey can I copy your homework?” Neanderthals, etc: “sure, just make sure to change it a little bit so it’s not obvious”

[@KyrstOak]

LOL

[@raisinsun4328]

I think it would be more like comparing answers.

[@rbrannon]

@qwert y Incorrect Homework is like practice. When done correctly, it is how you get better. Proctored Exams are like refereed matches. I'd agree that they are true test of knowledge, but knowledge by itself is useless. It has to be applied correctly.

[@1.4142]

*sapiens

[@nafeezofficial]

@@rbrannon Okay, professor.

[@nickiacovou2846]

Excellent video!

[@karentharp8282]

Boy that one game looks like how you feel after a New Year's Eve party

[@carstars]

If only my ancestors picked up some genes to better process fried food and donuts.

[@jamesruddy9264]

Yeah, ain't that the truth!

[@fatima_amber]

cheer up at least your blood clots

[@christianmartinez505]

You'd have to have bald eagle in your dna

[@killdalamb3357]

If they had Genes that could process those CHEMICALS you wouldn't be human. But nice joke!

[@carlosb5523]

@@christianmartinez505 Time to get busy. Lol

[@Nikki0417]

So basically, our species survived because we swiped right on everyone we came across.

[@tagehana4734]

No, because we are the most fittest.

[@steadfastcoward]

A lot of them LIED.

[@HulkSmashB]

Survival of the fittest, if we wouldn't have wiped them they would have wiped us of the face of earth.

[@darkstar2874]

That’s called the “Kirk method” and it’s gonna be our #1 form of diplomacy if we ever meet other intelligent species I’m calling it now.

[@silverforrest6886]

Nikki Berry XD

[@ruzlan369]

you're such a good presenter. heading over to scishow now lol

[@Ghileo]

This was awesome

[@arnaldo8681]

"we met neandertals, but there is no evidence of violence between the species" Does it need to be? We are talking about tribes of humans living next to each other for thousands of years. Of course there was violence

[@starryk79]

I agree considering we are able to convince ourselves that we need kill all members of another tribe of homo sapiens because they are not like us how easy must it have been to do that with neanderthals who actually didn't look like us. I believe that there was interbreeding but there also must have been fighting between the species. It makes no sense to assume otherwise considering what we know about our species even without physical proof of these fights.

[@hughjanus2469]

@@starryk79 yes exactly Violence must’ve been a thing back then probably even more violence because the lack of a societal structure, intelligence, lack of food etc

[@chrissiek8706]

Yeah, "no evidence of violence", but somehow just the one of the species survived....

[@arnaldo8681]

@@chrissiek8706 well, to be fair we could have outcompeted them at food gathering

[@scyobiempire4450]

@@chrissiek8706 We outbred them, we are less strong then our old brethren. We had a higher population and more fertility. What we call war and violence cannot be used when talking about those times, its like saying apes are murderers. And rewatch 12:00

[@notleviathan855]

Shout out to my ancestor who bred with some freaky humanoid. You're a real one!

[@johnnyburnem9809]

Im weak af🤣😭

[@neutronshiva2498]

A hole is a hole. If you put out the light, all girls are pretty :P

[@hatguy8225]

@@neutronshiva2498 oh...

[@hatsuharuboi]

both are your ancestors...

[@aarondodo4076]

Why are you calling your great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-grandmother a freaky humanoid?! Such disrespect! Besides, back then all your ancestors had mud on their faces and lice in their hairs. It's hard to say who is less appealing...

[@myday805]

And so as they contributed to our survival we contributed to their legacy. They live on through us.

[@sr._acid]

Amazing video!

[@BloodReaper95]

I really wish we still had these relatives around, kind of boring being our only species!

[@stain4128]

True like we can only talk to ourselves.

[@idontlikecaps8823]

Kaian凯安 at least it won’t be Africans anymore lol

[@vudulove9345]

@@idontlikecaps8823 Stfu

[@El1society]

We have trouble accepting people with different skin tones

[@kamanuvidiluis3952]

Really boring

[@patrickmccurry1563]

"We are the Borg. We will add your biological and technological distinctiveness to our own."

[@wisdomfruit7162]

Sounds kool

[@wisdomfruit7162]

May I join?

[@ariochiv]

You're already a member of the collective.

[@MarkGast]

Sounds Swedish.

[@XoArK]

Resistance is futile.

[@DanielReyes-zu8em]

Fascinating stuff...

[@ImTMZ]

The whole time all I could think of was the John Mulany skit about DNA "Sir, we found a pool of the killer's blood in the hallway!" "Gross. Clean it up! Now, back to my hunch"

[@Dipstikk]

So to get their genes, we first had to get into their jeans, IF YA KNOW WHAT I MEAN

[@donguapo7862]

😎

[@theincredibleknuffibar4834]

Best comment!!! 😂😂😂

[@avalistgaming1419]

Not jeans, more like into their Sabre tooth cat pelt

[@beback_]

Avalist Gaming But that wouldn't rhyme :(

[@silverforrest6886]

I don’t think they had jeans perhaps skirts? 😉

[@22fordfx49]

Everybody: Talking about how Neanderthals are extinct Me: 4% Neanderthal

[@bobaldo2339]

Cool!

[@heygod5444]

You are 4% dwarf lol

[@abrums2284]

well off with your brothern you go then

[@eksdi4605]

@@heygod5444 nah at first i thought like that as well. However, genetic diversity is always superior. Neanderthal genes today affects height in a positive way.

[@heygod5444]

X D what about gingers are they part Neanderthal?

[@aryanraj9891]

It took "Vintage" category from hub to a whole new level.

[@esteveericmendez8826]

why is it the ending is so heartwarming hahaha

[@nas6886]

The ending was really memorable when he told that the Neanderthals aren’t extinct, today they are still living within us. The 4% genetic contribution has been instrumental in deciding our survival. While we are living we are taking them with us.

[@gimbit7583]

To get a 100% Neanderthal chop up 100 4% people and put them together. Massive brain

[@joshua_prime3743]

@@gimbit7583 *EXACTLY*

[@karanupamanyu3897]

@@gimbit7583 then you’d get 4*100 that’s 400% Neanderthal 🧐

[@Theashenone17]

@@karanupamanyu3897 thought the same thing haha

[@darthmauve]

@@karanupamanyu3897 thats pretty neanderthal

[@MaartenAnna]

Wow, one of the clearest lectures on human dispersion and DNA I’ve ever seen. The combination of explanation, aided by images is amazing. Thanks!

[@alexanderwillis9473]

I thought it was terrible on human dispersion, there is a recent counter argument that humans went into Africa not out of Africa, Mainly From the tibet area of Asia I believe......

[@powerstarscreem3254]

Alexander Willis source? If not shut up.

[@pamplantsmn5879]

@@alexanderwillis9473 could i hear more? I do know there is some evidence that all/ most people left the african continent, then some stayed in eurasia while some came back

[@Lee-ic8ln]

I would take this video with a grand of salt. There is no evidence that homosapien breaded with neanderthals.

[@DingbatToast]

fabulous video

[@CatBrash]

just when I thought the planet couldn't fascinate me more

[@serpentmaster1323]

"Made jewelry" Me: eh thats cool "From eagle talons" Me: Dude, thats boss

[@davidm5707]

And they wrote English on their jewelry! 🤓

[@LetsGoGetThem]

It's "that's a boss", not boss. Like amore.

[@FlyingDwarfman]

​@@LetsGoGetThem Nope. "Boss" has six different accepted definitions in English: www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/boss While three of those definitions are noun, there are two verb usages for "boss" and one adjective use that +Serpentmaster 13 exemplified above: boss adjective \ˈbȯs\ Definition of boss (Entry 4 of 6) slang : EXCELLENT, FIRST-RATE a boss new rock band

[@aaronmartinez6621]

FlyingDwarfman man you sure told him didn't you

[@TheOrganicartist]

@@FlyingDwarfman Well Done. I salute you.

[@MrPooPooJohn]

That picture of the neanderthal with his arms out. Just like, "sup?" lol

[@rachaelpeterson1767]

lol

[@bunabobby]

it’s funnier when you look at it

[@audreymuzingo933]

It's like a scene from a Greatful Dead parking lot.

[@LiveMusicOntario]

I see what looks like a very big brown animal far back to his left side. I think he's lying to his buddies about the size of the bear he "thinks" he just killed.

[@smellthel]

Amazing video

[@mchevre]

I think one thing that isn't brought up often when trying to think about why neanderthals and other hominins went extinct while sapiens didn't, is the fact that we almost went extinct too. It makes much more sense once you realize this. I think we often imagine it as if the other species went extinct because they all had some fatal flaw, and we were simply so much superior, whereas the reality is that our entire genus, including our own species, was on the verge of extinction, and we only barely made it. This video does address some of the potential reasons why we survived. Ultimately, however, it's an amazing lucky fluke of evolution that we did survive. It makes one wonder how many planets out there went through billions of years of evolution to finally produce a species intelligent enough to be capable of a technological civilization, only to end up going extinct before they had a chance to develop that far.