Evolution of the Oslo Metro (T-bane) 1898-2022 (animation)

An animation that shows the history of the Oslo Metro (T-bane) starting from the opening of the Holmenkollen Line in 1898.
#oslo #metro #norway
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[@laujunming4152]

Considering the constant small improvements this channel makes in presenting the growth of a metro network, an April Fools’ video titled “The Evolution of Metro Liner” would be pretty hilarious

[@vectoor91]

Oslo's network is impressive for such a small city. You can tell that they had a plan to turn the old suburban light railways into a true metro and worked on it for decades.

[@Frahamen]

just a shame they do anything in their power to make it as hard as possible to pay for a ticket.

[@ALLIWannnaDo]

It’s not a small city. has about 1 million people living there.

[@frency15789]

@@Frahamen what do you mean by that? There are two apps that you can download on your phone to buy tickets with, and they don't even require a login/creation of an account. From my point of view it is one of the easiest cities regarding buying tickets 🤣

[@trondchristianhaug1429]

@@frency15789 i agree? to simply buy a ticket is easy, also, there are simple ticket stations at most tourist heavy areas?

[@Frahamen]

@@frency15789 what if you for any reason are not able to use apps. Like if you're old and digitally equipped. Or if you're a foreigner and you're roaming doesn't work. Or any other reason.

[@GojiMet86]

It is very cool to see a light rail line being converted to Metro standards, it doesn't happen very often. What is even more interesting is that the Kolsas line still runs trams! It reminds me of the Cleveland RTA, where the Red Line metro shares tracks with the light rail Green and Blue lines.

[@aaxanimex]

ufortunatelly trams will stop using it in 2024 because new trams can't use it

[@MetroLiner]

I slightly modified how text boxes show up. What do you think of the new format?

[@MaxCheng95]

I love it, it’s more easy to focus on what’s going on with the map

[@MetroLiner]

@@MaxCheng95 That was the main purpose. I’m glad you liked it!

[@eggy543]

It's incredibly well-done!

[@IESpotter]

@@MaxCheng95 I agree!

[@scpatl4now]

@@MaxCheng95 I agree. Much easier to follow and your eyes dont have to be darting all over the place (and being color blind it helps twice as much)

[@SulkyIce]

Thank you for the video. I have followed you for a long time and I was so happy to see my home town featured now :) There is also a "Fornebu line" under construction in the west. Fornebu was the former Oslo airport FBU (closed in 1998) now turned business and city development area. Already started and will be finished in 2028. Also a second common tunnel through the city is under development with several new stops under ground. The current common tunnel is built above the common tunnel for the trains as well back in 1980. There is also a good tram network in Oslo consisting of two light rail area segments "Lilleakerbanen" in the west, which was featured in the the video and Ekebergbanen in the east. Sincerely a former tram driver in Oslo, now turned commercial pilot.

[@user-zc3te5fo5j]

It could be a good idea, but it will take some time before Oslo do something...

[@scpatl4now]

It is interesting how Oslo's Metro developed differently than almost any other Metro. Perhaps because it started train service so long ago.

[@guyfromthe80s92]

It might have something to do with topography. Most cities look like a pancake when you see it on a map, but Oslo is like an Octopus.

[@MichalBergseth-AmitopiaTV]

Oslo city itself got only about 600000. But Metro Oslo is big. We have several "small towns" that is part of Oslo because of the Metro. Røa, Ullevål, Stovner, Romsås, Lambertseter etc are all far away from the city center. Also, Norwegians love to do sports such as skiing, walking, running etc.. so the western lines were made for Oslo people who needed to get out in nature. Line 1 goes up to Holmenkollen and Frognerseteren. Then it is the Sognsvannsbanen that opened in 1933. Same! Metro in Oslo started as a train service to the forest, but got converted to Metro as Oslo expanded... but still today Oslo people uses the Metro to get out in the weekends still.

[@hughmungusbungusfungus4618]

Excellent video as always. I see Oslo rearranges its network at the same rate that Tokyo remodels its stations

[@Codraroll]

Another rearrangement is apparently on the way. I think it will be less intuitive but apparently more efficient, turning the ring line into a pretzel of sorts..

[@RealAdelie]

​@@Codrarollknowing the ineffeciency of norwegian infrastructure construction, we're lucky if we even get that by 2065

[@AndrewG1989]

T-Bane. Is that the name of the new metro system in Oslo, Norway. The detail and accuracy of your videos is so mesmerising. And the way you bring in all the information about metro systems in major cities across the world is incredible.

[@wasmic5z]

T-Bane is short for 'tunnelbane', which means "tunnel line" or "tunnel railway." Stockholm's metro has a similar name, Tunnelbana.

[@AndrewG1989]

@@wasmic5z Ah now I see. Thanks for the info 😊

[@MichalBergseth-AmitopiaTV]

The trains that were used on the west side had metro standards to them even though they were 1 or 2 wagon trains. They were called "trikken" by the locals because some of the trains were in blue color. However, the west started to use the eastern type of transformed metro wagons in the 1980s. Line 1 was known for having these wooden metro trains. You could say that Oslo Metro is one of the first underground networks in the Nordics. Nationaltheateret is underground and Valkyrien is also underground (abandoned.. can be seen when going Nationaltheateret-Majorstuen station today). Another underground station on the west side was Volvat which also closed down because of too short platforms in 1997. Nice video.

[@MaxCheng95]

And here I thought New York has done too many network rearrangements as is

[@MetroLiner]

It can get very confusing when researching systems like New York City Subway or Oslo Metro where there are different "routes" sharing a "line" and routings keep changing throughout the timeline. In most other rapid transit systems, there is only one "route" using a "line" so the word "route" and "line" are synonymous.

[@spiele_maus]

How many network rearrangement do you want? Oslo: Yes!

[@GormHornbori]

And there is going to be more... A constant challenge for Oslo is to balance the lines on the east and west side of the city, since the demand is generally higher on the east side. Which is why you now have route 4 starting on the east side, going round the ring and back to the east side, and line 5 doing a full circle on the loop. Route 1 is also a big problem, since the Holmenkollen line it can only have half sized trains, and is difficult to mate with a good line on the east side during rush. When the new Fornebu-Majorstuen line (under construction) opens, all lines will have to get new partners to balance demand. If the second tunnel under the city center is built, everything must be rearranged again. And so on until the interlining in the city center is no longer limiting capacity.

[@IESpotter]

Very good as they always are! Since Dublin doesn't have a metro yet, I think it would be a good idea to do the LUAS tram and the DART. then the soon to be built DART Underground and MetroNorth and all the LUAS lines that haven't been built yet!

[@thewipeouter4901]

Please do! Could even do the DART+

[@kd-rdo9819]

@@thewipeouter4901 the problem with the luas is that when it eventually was opened, it was very outdated I would like to see one of these videos for Dublin though.

[@lego-builder-df1632]

It's called Metrolink not MetroNorth

[@lego-builder-df1632]

It's a good idea though Dublin is always forgotten

[@IESpotter]

@@lego-builder-df1632 you can call it either, I just prefer MetroNorth because Metrolink already exists in Manchester.

[@yaboisum9858]

The new design and production value is game-changing, Keep it up!

[@jimkats1]

Seeing this constant upgrading of light rail lines to metro lines feels just fine. Although I'm a bit confused on one part. Does this mean that most of those metro lines are on-ground level and not underground?

[@pandaboi8613]

Yes most of the network is at ground level

[@GormHornbori]

Several of the "light rail" lines were planned to be part of the future metro network and were built without level crossings. They were operated as extensions to tram lines for the first decades of their existence, but even then more "express" than the rest of the tram network. So the easier upgrades were just switching catenary with 3rd rail, and retrofitting higher/longer platforms in the space reserved for this. The exeptions: * Kolsås line (had level crossings, and small stations, hence the very long period closed for upgrades, to remove all level crossings large sections of the line had to be lowered down in a trench or raised up on bridge sections. Where the line has been trenched, you can several places see there has been built houses or parking lots on top of the line, like a very gradual cut and cover.) * Holmenkollen line (which only got upgraded to "light metro", still has a few level crossings (secured with gates), lots of tight curves, and short platforms, so can only accept 3 car trains (with one set of doors closed), while all other lines accept 6 car trains.) The central section Majorstuen-Helsfyr under the city centre is one long continous tunnel, and there are many tunnel sections on the eastern half of the network. Generally more tunnels for sections built later. When the "light rail" sections were built they were ahead of the the city spreading, so they could build on green field land and secure a corridor. Anything built later probably has to be tunneled. The sections most recently finished, under construction today or being planned are all underground, and this is the main reason for the much higher cost.

[@nonnadiona2659]

Really good video as usual. Do you want to make one of the German Stadtbahn systems like Stuttgart, Cologne or Frankfurt?

[@neose242]

Stuttgart would be nice!

[@harang9759]

I would hope to see Stuttgart Stadtbahn and s bahn

[@nonnadiona2659]

@@neose242 There is a Video from a KZbinr “TramChris” with the name “Die Entwicklung der Stuttgarter Straßenbahn”, which covers the Development from the Start of the Tram until today. Might be interesting for you :)

[@pieterwatson611]

This channel is about metro systems, not fast tram systems. Stadtbahn it is fast TRAM.

[@nonnadiona2659]

@@pieterwatson611 it’s a light rail system with metro elements. It definitely fits this channel. He liked the comment so I don’t think my idea was completely off.

[@foxx-mp7kn]

Suggestion: I would like to see the evolution of an older metro network like Chicago L, Hochbahn/U-Bahn Hamburg or Subte Buenos Aires. Thanks.

[@TheGamerHenstrike]

Impressive metro system for a relatively small city, even though I wish every stop was full length as opposed to only the front few cars and also that if I were hopping on any random train from Oslo S to Nationalteatret there wouldn't be a chance that the final stop would be stortinget instead.

[@ed838wefnrkj]

pre-1987 oslo metro map would have been an ocd nightmare.

[@leobragaurbe]

Such a cool system! Amsterdam next? Would love to see the Netherlands

[@artemisSystem]

Love this video! Where did you get all the data? Would love to see something like this for the trams in oslo, or just where to get more info on their history. I have bits and pieces here and there, but nothing as complete as this video would have been

[@user-zi9cz1wg2h]

Hi. What about Petersburg metro?

[@chenyeanmingtakumi9033]

MetroLiner, hope you can do an evolution of the Kuala Lumpur Integrated Transit System video. Our city had currently opened a new line and progressing with an extension and a new under-construction line.

[@RedBiscuit-Gaming]

fun fact, theres only one station only served by line 4

[@tntmaster1104]

I like how the all the lines go from gray to Purple, Blue, Green, Orange, and Cyan on April 3, 2016

[@cmrocarlitosmanuelronquill1020]

Excelent Video Barcelona metro next please

[@KvaGram]

Right now, the focus is to extend the metro to Fornebu. But really, having lived in Mortensrud, I think what is needed, is to extend line 3 from Mortensrud to the much isolated Bjørndal suburb. Now this is already a long line, so to make it even better, I'd extend it further, and make a final terminus at one of the trainstations to the west. Kålbotn seems like a natural choice. This has a major advantage of giving travelers from near the end of the line the option to take the line south to reach a train station, rather than going north though all those stations to reach Jernbanetorget. Ok. Maybe that last one is a bit too ambitious. But an extention to Bjørndal is an obvius choice. The people who live there have to commute by bus to Mortensrud, then continue by the metro.

[@terencehill2320]

Time to do Philadelphia and its Subway/Trolley/Regional Rail videos

[@user-ks4qm2tt9t]

Fornebu-banen will open in 2029 (Little idea on Wiki it is much about future plans, so you could make on with outbuilding from 2023 to 2050)

[@Huso9922]

Here with the line going to Stovner or the line going to Ellingsrudåsen, there is a golden chance to extend the line(s) to Lillestrøm, connecting the two cities better together.

[@avgust7410]

Next Buenos Aries pls

[@Thatonepolishidiot]

So the t-bane is like a rail system nice

[@luffirton]

It made it a lot easier for the city to actually embark on a full feature Metro. The cost of actually building everything underground would have been prohibitively expensive for the relatively small city financially so they where smart and tried to use what the had and planned ahead for future expansion so that it was possible to extend stations and widening tracks to accommodate wide metro trains

[@AngryMarrow]

Nice video Idea: Tbilisi Metro

[@user-xw7ct3yv8g]

me: How much line do you have in same stations? Oslo: yes!

[@rowaystarco]

The central city tunnel is actually a major problem, as it's pretty much filled up now. New signal systems can help a bit, but a fully new tunnel is needed to really prepare for future growth. It's being planned, but lacks funding. Oslo is also currently building a brand new metro line to Fornebu.

[@AngrocSound]

@@rowaystarcoNot to mention the various ideas of how to actually achieve a higher throughput. Wonder what they'll go for. It would be a better use of money to simply add a parallell line, that could go through something like Bislett, StHans, Gruner. Some plans like this are indeed floating around, and really hope they go for that. Our metro is good for connecting suburban areas, but still lacks in connecting the various parts of the city itself.

[@WilsonTjinYauw]

Please make a simple map for Jakarta MRT & LRT or Palembang LRT. It would be interesting. Thanks

[@krumcvetkov]

I'd love to seee Sofia Metro

[@pnmobilidade8193]

Amigo faz também um vídeo do metrô e trem do Rio de Janeiro 🇧🇷 linhas prontas, construções e projetos!

[@Iceyfire12]

Hopefully Bangkok video in the near future? thank you!

[@dileepbadavath6219]

Please do more videos on Asian metros by mentioning KM and stations, upload it fast.

[@random-dudes2112]

Pls do Hamburger U-Bahn

[@muhammadfariz2839]

Is there any plan to build shortcut tunnel from Tåsen to Ryen via Jernbanetorget and around Frøen rail junction/Gaustad to Løren via Marcus Thranes Gate?

[@nortex010]

No. However, there are plans to build a new tunnel from Majorstuen, via Stortinget and Tøyen, to Ensjø. It will also have stops at Bislett and Nybrua/Grünerløkka. Fornebubanen, which is under construction from Fornebu to Majorstuen, will also have an arm towards Blindern.

[@muhammadfariz2839]

@@nortex010 Wait, so the plan is they want to build new tunnel that exactly same along existing tunnel? For what?

[@nortex010]

@@muhammadfariz2839 Well, not exactly the same, but close. The existing tunnel is at full capacity now, so there is need for a second tunnel along the same line. However, it is also necessary to reduce load on some of the stations (Nationaltheatret and Oslo S in particular), so the new tunnel will bypass those along with half of the T-bane lines. The lines through the city center are the most high-trafficked ones, so that is the most logical place to expand service. There isn’t too much traffic on the east-west cross-section within Ring 2 (along Marcus Thranes gate), so there is no need for a T-bane there.

[@thatvietguyonline]

Wow 1898, how civilized EU be at such early years, over a century ago our capital still doesn’t have bike yet.

[@rowaystarco]

Norway is not a part of the European Union and was actually a quite poor country (by western standards) in the earlier years.

[@thatvietguyonline]

@@rowaystarco sorry for my silly mistakes, I meant the Europe instead of EU 🙈

[@MCBlackCZ]

Please do Prague next!

[@jacobringenwald]

You should do Philadelphia at some point

[@uporotaya_4ayka]

Интересно, зачем они несколько раз изменяли маршруты?

[@mdtrainspotterromania5602]

Do Bucharest Metro, please! 🇷🇴

[@KaplaWorld]

Oslo Metro (T-Bane) Line 1 2003 Line 2 2003 Line 3 2003 Line 4 2003 Line 5 2003

[@ivanbruh770]

New Stockholm vid, where the other tram lines and the future expansion are included?

[@RealTacheYT]

Please do Perth and Sydney

[@pieterwatson611]

Sydney is on channel "DirectionNorth".

[@RealTacheYT]

@@pieterwatson611 Ok

[@synchromystici5m]

Why are there no stations in-between Majorstuen and Nationaltheatret?

[@GormHornbori]

No, well... there is a closed ghost station, and there are some potential plans for a new station. When the line was constructed, there was a plan for a station somewhere in the Homansbyen area. But during construction there was a tunnel collapse at Valkyrie plass, and they decided to save some money by putting the station there instead. However Valkyrie plass is really too close to Majorstuen, had too low ridership and was operationally limiting the number of trains and so was closed in 1985. It's today frequently used as a filming location. There are calls to open a station at Homansbyen, but doing so would have to close all traffic Majorstuen-Nationaltheatret, which is a no go. However there are plans to create a second tunnel under the city center to alleviate the crazy interlining on the network, and get higher frequency on the branch lines. Depending on how this second tunnel is built, it might be possible to close down this part of the old tunnel for a period for upgrades, and maybe make a station at Homanbyen.

[@synchromystici5m]

@@GormHornbori Thank you for the detailed response! It does seem like a seriously big missed opportunity, but without that second tunnel I can understand how it isn't really possible.

[@thastayapongsak4422]

I'm requesting you do one for Bangkok

[@pieterwatson611]

Is on the other channel. Find.

[@user-tv3rs7bb7u]

Kolsas Line ,可部線の上位互換みたい

[@krzeszo89]

Does anyone know reason of closing Kolsas and Holmenkollen line in early 00' ?

[@rowaystarco]

Mostly due to upgrades to metro standard rails, third rail electricity and so on. For a long time they used overheard wires (more like trams) for the routes. Here's a picture of one of the old trains that had a hybrid third rail and pantograph system upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Holmenkollbanen_at_Vindern.jpg When Oslo switched to brand new Siemens/Porsche design metro trains, they dropped the pantograph system as well.

[@lizevingamos7063]

What about the future plans for the Oslo metro?

[@GormHornbori]

* A new line to Fornebu-Majorstuen has just started construction (and has just secured funding for increased cost estimates). * A second tunnel under the city centre (Majorstuen-Bislett-Stortinget-Grünerløkka-Tøyen-Ensjø/Brynseng) is being planned. It's badly needed, because the common tunnel limit the frequency of trains on all the branches. This will be very expensive. This will also cause a complete network reorganization. * An extension of the Furuset line to a new big hospital Ahus is something a lot of people are talking about. Long term plans indicate that this line could be extended to Lillestrøm and beyond. (But it's not decided if this should be metro or light rail.) * An extension of the Kolsås line to a big new housing development at Rykkin is also mentioned alot. Long term plans suggest a line Rykkin-Kolsås-Sandvika (either metro, or light rail). * Long term plans also show a line/interconnect across Groruddalen, (Økern-Lindeberg), which would for example allow a route from the Furuset line to Løren and over the Ring line. This is depending on the development in the Alna area.

[@lizevingamos7063]

@@GormHornbori Thank you for taking your time to write this information. 😄

[@caleb1016]

please come back !!

[@kebayoranproductions6468]

Can you do Jakarta? 1925-2025 (future networks)

[@agungheryadi4226]

Jakarta paling jalur krl sejak 1925.. Katena kalo jalur metro mrt/lrt masih dikit 😅

[@muhammadfariz2839]

@@agungheryadi4226 Iya, sekalian jalur KRL aja. Gak apa-apa, video yang London, Paris, Berlin, Tokyo juga termasuk kereta komuter. Bahkan lebih baik sekalian tambahkan perkembangan trem jaman dulu, soalnya di video Los Angeles dan İstanbul seperti itu.

[@agungheryadi4226]

@@muhammadfariz2839 tinggal apakah dia bisa nemuin arsipnya hehe

[@muhammadfariz2839]

@@agungheryadi4226 Arsip, mah, ada. Tapi pasti dalam bahasa Belanda. Malah saya khawatirnya apa dia bisa paham/mengerti yang mana yang RIT (Rencana Induk Transportasi) yang sesungguhnya, soalnya banyak revisi sehingga banyak versi. Takut dia keliru.

[@Rrrrrr20240]

可以做香港的港鐵發展史嗎？

[@luisyanez5943]

Felicitaciones a los ingenieros y obreros noruegos estan trabajando a construir los nuevos trenes cada lineas y estaciones en el Metro de Oslo, Noruega

[@artem_iz41]

Am I the only one who didn't understand anything? 😂 So many times to reorganize the network... Why couldn't they just make a circle as a separate line?

[@DeletedUser410]

Minimizing transfers, is my guess.

[@kattkatt744]

The tunnel under the centre of the city is severly congested. It reached top capacity with 26 trains an hour in the late 1990s and they did some incredibly tweaking to raise the number up over top capacity to now have 32 trains running trough every hour. Part of that tweak is the reason why the circle line is like it is. Oslo is also restrained by topography. The city centre is at the waterfront with fairly steep hills rasing on all sides so there is no more space for sprawl. All the reorganising is because you need to get more out of what you alredy have when you have nowhere new to build.

[@sverrejansen153]

It Will be time to do the københavn metro

[@Thomasmuller2309]

Could you make such a video about a German city like Frankfurt or Munich please?

[@pieterwatson611]

Frankfurt has NOT a metro.

[@cyrusw8317]

yay

[@Aidan_Au]

Let's do Helsinki, Finland next

[@edisonz2006]

Very confusing to use. Got lost on Line 5 for a whole hour when I visited Oslo!

[@ad1t-384]

Hi!

[@harang9759]

Can you make a video about the Stuttgart Stadtbahn and S bahn network

[@pieterwatson611]

Is video about it. Find yourself.

[@harang9759]

@@pieterwatson611 Enough! Do you even know what a Stadtbahn is!? Clearly not.

[@pieterwatson611]

@@harang9759 WTF. Stadbahn it is fast tram with underground sections. It is NOT METRO !! Read the definitions of metro. Don't be sapíent.

[@pieterwatson611]

@@harang9759 You don't know what a stadbahn or metro is and you are speaking. You have gaps in your knowledge.

[@harang9759]

@@pieterwatson611 are you serious?? I never said it’s a metro! But it’s certainly not a fast tram either. Don’t be stupid. A Stadtbahn is a Light rail system, there is a difference.

[@explodingwolfgaming8024]

Commenting 4 algorithm

[@alfredo4444]

Next Buenos Aires Subte🚇️ please

[@yusufozseven8618]

İstanbul pls

[@nonenoneonenonenone]

Why did they never re-open the Lillesker line, and why are there no lines nearer the coast?

[@tobbakken2911]

trains run along the coast

[@Glenni91N]

Some of those stations are quite literally just 200-300 from the waterfront. Especially Grønland.

[@tronni224]

The Lilleaker Line never closed, it just wasn't upgraded to metro standards/didn't become part of the metro network. Today, trams from Ljabru (not too far from Bergkrystallen) run all the way up to Bekkestua, using the Lilleaker line and even part of Kolsåsbanen/the metro.

[@GormHornbori]

Lilleaker line is still running, as part of the tram network. It's a bit of an oddity because the trams actually continue on the metro tracks from Jar to Bekkestua. Another example is the Ekeberg line, which in 1917 was built to (what we today call) light rail standards (like the later Østensjø line), and same loading gauge as the Holmenkollen line, and was planned to be connected to the metro network, but while the Østensjø did become part of the metro, the Ekeberg line has remained part of the tram network. (That said many of the plans for connecting the Ekeberg line (especially in the period 1950 to 1990) was also plans for closing the extensive tram network, which most people today are glad did not happen.) And another example is the Holmenkollen line. Before upgrading this line in 2010, it was planned to disconnect it from the metro network and connect it to the tram network at Majorstuen. Because of protests, nostalgia because this is the original line of what today is the metro, and because of wanting capacity to events at Holmenkollen. it was instead it it was decided to upgrade it to a special "light metro" standard. So while all other lines use 6 car trains, the Holmenkollen line can only use 3 car trains, with some doors locked because the platforms are only long enough for 2 cars. (With the exception of special trains to Holmenkollen station, which can be full size.) Also a new line Fornebu-Majorstuen is under construction, it will follow the coast along the main railway line at the section Lysaker-Skøyen, with one more stop at Vækerø compared to the local trains (there is a train every 2 minutes on this section, and you can use the same ticket). You can't look at the T-bane in isolation without comparing where there are frequent commuter trains and tram lines.

[@Woodywoodpecker122]

I live in Grorud😮

[@czechcanny2946]

Please, Prague Metro (Since 1974)

[@pieterwatson611]

It is on channel "DirectionNorth".

[@leonolsson2024]

Do future expansion of Oslo T-bane

[@kelvintuenmaline7989]

where hong kong mtr?

[@sheriemareneo1619]

Do Manila

[@leslpak3]

Busan metro pls

[@pieterwatson611]

Is on other channel. Find.

[@yuukinishimura9346]

Tバーン

[@user-le8fu3jr8v]

to Bangkok

[@pieterwatson611]

It is on channel "GeoTransit".

[@anastrelde8572]

Appreciate your work. Hope to see Copenhagen S-Train🚃 and Metro🚇 sometime if your time allows. 👍🏻

[@QuarioQuario54321]

Old

[@averagepersianperson6494]

next maybe make Tehran metros Evolution The next video

[@pieterwatson611]

It is on channel "GeoTransit".

[@bt0rne]

Vi kan kjøpe hele Sverige om vi vil 🇳🇴 🇸🇪

[@chayka___]

Make Kyiv till 2050 pls🙏🙏🙏🇺🇦