If it meows is a cat. That’s what I got from all this. Everything else would confuse me I just wanna pet them
@FactsaboutCatsVideos2 жыл бұрын
😅😅
@tiamorrone13913 жыл бұрын
These videos just make you want all the kitties
@davidburke21322 жыл бұрын
Yes they do 🥰
@sasaarchie64623 жыл бұрын
One of my cats is a mix between himalayan and ragdoll. The vet was confused of her breed, the first time I brought her in😅
@YourMajesty143 Жыл бұрын
The way you can tell is if she stays small for 4 years. My Ragamuffin is half ragdoll and she stopped growing at 6 months. At 2 yrs old, her body grew longer but she still had a small head & baby face. At 3 yrs old, her face got slightly mature, her head got bigger, and her body is much longer - but she still weighs nearly the same as when she was 1 yr old (6.5 lbs). I'm trying to enjoy her smallness while I can, bc I know she's going to be gigantic! I still have the video of her mom (ragamuffin) and dad (ragdoll), so that I know what she'll look like once she's full grown. My cousin has a Ragamese (Siamese Ragdoll) and he looked similar to a Himalayan, but was also very slow to grow like my cat. If your cat looks like an adult Himalayan after 1 yr, then you'll know she's a Himmie. But if she stays small, but then explodes into a huge cat (10 to 15 lbs) around 4 or 5 yrs old, then you'll know you have a Rag. Another tip is if she craves to be held. All Rag breeds love being carried & will go limp in your arms. Also, Rags are not as vocal as Himmies. Hopefully these clues will help you figure it out. Your best bet is a DNA test when all else fails.
@unaddan Жыл бұрын
@@YourMajesty143 I have persian and ragdoll. I think the last tips to hold them is the best way to tell if it's a raggy or persian 😂😂
@melissabarrett97502 жыл бұрын
I adore Birmans. I dont mind if It's not a pure bred, as long as I don't get charged for one if it isn't. They have an awesome temperament.
@sciencenotstigma9534 Жыл бұрын
My Birman mix is a Mama’s boy…just a sweetheart!
@melissabarrett9750 Жыл бұрын
@@sciencenotstigma9534 The entire species is gorgeous, but Birmans have an absolutely exquisite nature
@catw62746 ай бұрын
Well done! My Birman lived to 19. She passed peacefully last July. I miss her everyday. I adopted her from a Persian rescue. She came with an international passport from Germany and spent her first 4 years of life sailing the seas on a private yacht. I was a real downgrade. Lol. But she had an amazing life.
@asaenvolk2 жыл бұрын
Ragdolls are a breed of cat that was bread from a Birmans and Himalayans mix starting in the 1960s. Also, the exact origins of Birmans is unknown, they MIGHT be from Burma, but there is no documentation of them past their first documented appearance in france. .
@-iaminyourwalls-71902 жыл бұрын
They came from a white domestic shorthair 🤦♂️🤦♂️🤦♂️🤦♂️🤦♂️💀💀💀💀💀
@YourMajesty143 Жыл бұрын
No, it was a mix of Birman and Persian - not Himalayan.
@kate2create7382 жыл бұрын
I was lucky to inherit a cat from relatives who have to move across the country, and so far this video does confirm what her breed is supposed to be! A Himalayan with Siamese mix! She's got everything, the blue eye, the brown paws, FLUFFY, but the only thing I think that shows some Siamese is her nose is slightly longer, yet it's straight. A lot of people get excited seeing her the first time. Had to admit, it was daunting as she was very skittish most of her life, but within time she learned how to bond and is very enjoyable to be around, At roughly 12 years old, I'm surprised that she loves to play! Very handy when I have another younger cat that acts as a younger brother to her, she certainly plays annoyed older sister role very well lol.
@alanhenryfruhling17459 ай бұрын
Awwwwwwwwwwwwwww soooooooooooooo very cute
@CatFromFL2 жыл бұрын
My 2 seal point Birman’s were rescues as they had white marks on their faces (a flaw) they are still gorgeous with mitts and stockings. I love my girls.
@skyblueduchess2 жыл бұрын
My rescue also has white marks on her face (a flaw, but not for me) and I've always wondered if perhaps this is the reason she was tossed. Like you, I love mine even with white spots.
@KATinBLACK2 жыл бұрын
Our cat was initially deemed Siamese when he was a baby, then as an adult he was deemed Birman. He may have had a little ragdoll in him but we knew he had to be Birman because of the legend of their sacred paws. It just felt like his paws could heal, so we figured he has to be Birman
@sciencenotstigma9534 Жыл бұрын
My Burmese had healing paws. When I was sick, he would hold my hand until I was better. My Birman boy is a healer, just like him! I’ve had 30+ cats, but only 2 cat PCAs.
@skyblueduchess2 жыл бұрын
Awesome video, informative, and entertaining. I suspect my rescue cat is a Birman mix and this video helped me figure it out especially the "curly hair on the belly" part, which she has.
@ShelbyZealand2 жыл бұрын
I just adopted a cat my friend found as a stray and I can't tell the breed. My thought was ragdoll or Himalayan, and this video gave me a lot to think about. I think she's still a kitten, based on size, so I may just have to be patient. She's definitely long hair and color-point, but I feel she may be a mix because she doesn't seem to fit in any of these breeds perfectly. I guess we'll see as she grows!
@mohamedoaf28163 жыл бұрын
I hade my birman cat sitting on my leg while am watching yt
@kinuuni Жыл бұрын
Technically, speaking of Siamese, there is another one you are forgetting. The long haired Siamese, aka, the Balinese. They are more rare but they do exist and is considered a breed in and of itself. As they are a long haired Siamese they have the exact same colour points as the Siamese exempt long haired. They do not have an undercoat and they can be made in two ways, breeding two Balinese or a Balinese and Siamese. The second version has a tendency to have shorter hair. I am in fact a bit surprised that this channel doesn't seem to have anything about the Balinese at all?
@HolographicCathawk Жыл бұрын
I didn't think it's completely officially recognized. I got my cat at the local shelter she she clearly has long fur but she was labled Siamese.
@jujubaluyot995 Жыл бұрын
Hi! Please do a similar video for British, American, and Scottish Shorthairs, please! All these 3 breeds possess nearly the same looks (including shades and patterns) and personalities. It would be nice to find a video that shows how to tell them apart from one another. Thanks! Love your videos!
@guesswho45553 жыл бұрын
Just as confused as before!
@Islaamandhealth3 ай бұрын
Same
@theone54043 жыл бұрын
Ragdoll cats do share in part with Burman genetics. Just like they do with the Burmese.
@FactsaboutCatsVideos3 жыл бұрын
On what basis do you make this comments?
@JohnSandercock2 жыл бұрын
Ragdolls probably do have Birman heritage, but definitely no Burmese heritage
@sciencenotstigma9534 Жыл бұрын
I have heard that about Burmese, too, but I think it is a myth. A lot of people confuse those two breeds. I went looking for a Burmese mix at the humane society, when my Burm passed away…sweetest cat ever! What I believe I got was a Birman mix, thick ruff, mitts, points and blue eyes. Another sweetest cat ever!
@digikaa Жыл бұрын
I’ve wondered if my cat is a Birman or Ragdoll for all of the 13 years she’s been alive, so I’m happy to say I finally know! I came upon her totally by chance because a neighbor’s show cat escaped and had a litter with our cat- free Birman lifehack I guess
@maya-bs4np3 жыл бұрын
Turkish van also my ragdoll smores loves the water!
@lynnespagnola25073 жыл бұрын
My cat who I thought was a ragdoll is mitted and mitted like a ragdoll because the white extends up the hock but he doesn’t have a white chin. I have no clue what he is now. Lol. Either way he’s perfect.
@jeonjunggukseomma_2.097 Жыл бұрын
That's not a ragdoll I have my ragoll is right here with me and she clearly is a ragdoll as her chin is white Af, so if your cat don't have no white chin that ain't no ragdoll lol!~😂😅💀☠
@sciencenotstigma9534 Жыл бұрын
That’s how I feel about my Birman or Burmese mix. People confuse the two a lot! I see photos of Birmans in Burmese forums, quite often. That’s how I know what my boy is!
@lolorlando85653 жыл бұрын
I love long haired color point cats. THEY ARE TREASURES.
@skyblueduchess2 жыл бұрын
Agreed
@sciencenotstigma9534 Жыл бұрын
I love pointed cats, period. The long and the short!
@swagkourtney15312 жыл бұрын
thank you i found out she is a mix between ragdoll and birman
@FactsaboutCatsVideos2 жыл бұрын
Glad it helped :)
@roberthurd328 Жыл бұрын
I know this kind of weird depending on the lights and how well she cleans herself her coat has a red or pink hue and I've never seen that on a cat it's like she has a natural undercoat color it is so red and pink it's stunning and she lives out here on the streets with me and oddly she's never left my sides and she won't let anyone else get near her either and she's fussy about people too
@rajlaxmigajbe2 жыл бұрын
I was confused between ragdoll and Himalayan and now birman/himmies and ragdoll.
@Drexinari3 жыл бұрын
This video relates to my pet Ragdoll he's called Mushu
@RedRoseSeptember223 жыл бұрын
Dishonor on you!!! Dishonor on your cow!!!
@Drexinari3 жыл бұрын
@@RedRoseSeptember22 hahahah nice Mulan reference
@saphiriathebluedragonknight3753 жыл бұрын
I have one named Skywalker.
@sciencenotstigma9534 Жыл бұрын
@@saphiriathebluedragonknight375I had a muffin named Hilde.
@76wjs3 жыл бұрын
I am hima-laying on the couch
@FactsaboutCatsVideos3 жыл бұрын
Nice ;)
@sciencenotstigma9534 Жыл бұрын
Sounds like a Himalayan to me!
@ShermanMR23 жыл бұрын
My Ragdoll Sonny is around 21 pounds.
@bitsandpieces233 жыл бұрын
Will be waiting for the detailed vids to tell all breed of cats ❤️
@soniajamalenfant36623 жыл бұрын
i have got à himalayen cat too
@crazycat6272 Жыл бұрын
The doll face Himalayans are very mellow. Do not let them outdoors. They don't move out of the way when you walk past them. Easily step on one . Only saying. ( i was breeder for a few years) .also They go where you place them in home. Never ever had 1 go up on kitchen countertop . They wait if you are making their food . . If you feed on a table that's where they will go... amazing pet . Very behaved animal.
@margyblas69372 жыл бұрын
Great descriptions, thanks.
@DaffyTaffy932 жыл бұрын
Thank you every time I see a rag doll mix people just say oh it’s a Siamese 😑 no it’s not
@dawnrenee19163 жыл бұрын
I adopted from humane society. He was labeled as Birman seal point. No white anywhere. No under coat had Roman nose a little floppy tummy with curly fur underside and rear. Silky fur every where else. When you pick him up he just flopped limp over your shoulder. What cat is he. His name is Bo.
@CatFromFL2 жыл бұрын
He was not birman, he was ragdoll-birmans must have white mitts and stockings
@dawnrenee19162 жыл бұрын
Thank you. That is exactly what I thought.
@CatFromFL2 жыл бұрын
Best of Luck Renee- may he have a long healthy life. My 2 Birman girls are my cheese balls Brie and Bleu!
@700Apache10 ай бұрын
The Ragdoll gets my winning vote
@SparkDragonCat Жыл бұрын
I would love a 101 video about himalayan cats since they are not just like persians, and have some siamiese blood in them and I am planning on getting one in the future. Btw I love your videos
@chinchiliachin5130 Жыл бұрын
They are very complex for identifying cat breeds. I thought they are cute and beautiful.
@catwhispurrer1378 ай бұрын
Ragdolls are larger than the other 2 breeds, Birmans have white paws, Himalayans have either a doll-face (slight muzzle) or flat face, much like Persians. Fastest way to tell them apart at a glance.
@cassy.marlatt Жыл бұрын
2:18 Technically, there are long-haired (purebred) Siamese. They're called Balinese. They are siamese with a naturally occurring genetic mutation for long hair that has been selectively bred for.
@delia55882 жыл бұрын
And then there is the seal pointed Siberian! Super long coat
@hicknopunk2 жыл бұрын
I rescued a cat, the vet said he was Himalayan. I have come to think he is Burmin. Could still be a ragdoll...maybe a mix?
@zincchristina92962 жыл бұрын
So cute ❤Full watched to support you
@emilyl.1745Ай бұрын
Blue eyes, color pointed, lots of bunny-like fur, cat sized. If I hadn’t been told he’s a ragdoll I’d not know w h a t he is 🤣
@IAMLEGEND4512 жыл бұрын
Thank you for spending time and making such useful video like this. Appreciate it. I will buy birman kitten soon. At least I have some knowledge before purchasing the kitten.
@FactsaboutCatsVideos2 жыл бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it :)
@Gesù748710 ай бұрын
Cute trio.
@Zhong_li_033 жыл бұрын
Umm WHAT'S THE AVERAGE SIZE OF A ONE YEAR OLD RAGDOLL? AND HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE A RAGDOLL TO REACH MAX SIZE
@Charuid3 жыл бұрын
It can take up to 4 years for them to reach their full size and color. Weight at 1 year depends on the cat but, for example, my 1-year-old male weighs around 6.5 kg/14.3 pounds.
@alexisdoubleu35423 жыл бұрын
As Jaz said, Ragdolls are slow to mature. It can take 3-4 years to reach full weight. Also, to my knowledge, each Ragdoll has varying growth rates because they grow in spurts during their first year. Iirc, Ragdolls can be 10-12 lbs at a year old, but you shouldn't panic if they're over or under that range. Join r/ragdolls, there's a lot of great information there if you're adopting a ragdoll or if you already have
@MrZzToOoFlyY Жыл бұрын
I know you commented a while ago but our boy is around 7 months and he was 6 and half pounds when we took him to the vet, he is part ragdoll part siamese.
@tellyshonestreviews129329 күн бұрын
my cat is a combination of 3 breeds. the mom is a mix of siamese/ragdoll but the dominant feature is that of a siamese breed. the father is a pure burmese breed. my cat has a medium length fur with ragdoll undercoat. the points are typical siamese but thick fur but intermediate short length. facial feature resembles that of a rounded burmese but with symmetry. coat color show hints of medium light brown with a light dark tail. personality is that of a burmese/ragdoll. very independent but shows and asks for attention from time to time. also quite. rarely talks nor makes sounds. not very chatty or noisy like other cats. very low pitch. only time it would make some noise if it asks for food, wanted to come in and out of the room and also when you make cat sounds, it would respond to you in a low tone sound. very chill when held and pretty much lie down like a baby and calm. but mind you that it doesn't want to be cuddled every time. it would run away if it doesn't want your attention. on most times, it will ask for a scratch and food. I am not originally a cat person, but I've grown to love cats, even if I'm full of scratches. 😆
@ANGELSVEN3 жыл бұрын
Got it! Thanks!
@CheriMichaels734 Жыл бұрын
It wasn't even mentioned that Ragdolls literally flop in your arms, even if they are mixed. I had a mixed Flame point Ragdoll, (probably with a Tabby or Balinese) who was extremely Sweet, talked a lot, purred like a motor, and flopped in my arms like a baby. He followed me everywhere in the house and was my constant shadow. He was the most Loving and Best pet I ever had!
@MrZzToOoFlyY Жыл бұрын
My ragdoll will let any one hold him he just allows it, his brother who isn’t a ragdoll but is a siamese doesn’t like being held, he will allow it but he doesn’t like it. The siamese cat is quiet and my ragdoll is constantly “talking”
@QueenRania-y9qАй бұрын
That was very helpful😄
@muedzafamily2593 Жыл бұрын
I am still confused😂 Mine is a birman / ragdoll / siamese 😂
@SabrinaSilverstein Жыл бұрын
Wow super informative and clear
@chibamoon64103 жыл бұрын
I only got confused with these breeds and a siamese because of the face pattern and when looking at shelters they labeled long-haired cats as siamese and not a ragdoll, himalayan, or birman.
@maggiecouture2932 жыл бұрын
Long haired Siamese exist: they’re called Balinese.
@skyblueduchess2 жыл бұрын
Good point. My sheep like rescue cat was labeled a snowshoe Siamese mix on her adoption papers by the shelter. I've always felt she is a Birman mix.
@lauradoyle11112 жыл бұрын
I truly loved all the information you gave in this video but I am confused now. I have white fluffy cats with orange ears and tails. The mother of them all I thought was a ragdoll but she has never been heavy. Around 9 lbs. All have blue eyes and loving dispositions. One of them just has orange ears and tail. Maybe I could write down your points for a side by side comparison. Thank you again for the info!
@akbarthegoat44423 жыл бұрын
Can you do an abyssinian cats 101 vid plz
@sueliu80962 жыл бұрын
how much should a birman kitten weight? my birman kitten is 6 months old ands weight between 2kg and 2.5kg.
@Drexinari3 жыл бұрын
I have a question my Mushu bites me even when I'm not stimulating him I know that it's a sign of teething but he only does it with me could it be that I'm male and he finds it more suitable to play fight with another male animal
@FactsaboutCatsVideos3 жыл бұрын
I don't think so :). I think he bites you because you are more accepting of his behaviour
@Drexinari3 жыл бұрын
@@FactsaboutCatsVideos ohh makes sense your right I don't mind it after all it makes my hands and arms stronger at the end of the day
@bellameow2 жыл бұрын
I love raghdol so much and Egyptian meow so smart
@sciencenotstigma9534 Жыл бұрын
My Mao glided, when she jumped. It was like she was weightless! And, yes, very smart!
@magiv42052 ай бұрын
My grumpy old rescue boy looks like a birman, has a birman face and silky fur, but also a dense undercoat and is about 4.5kg. He's definitely too small and light to be a ragdoll in my opinion, so now I'm wondering if he has some himalayan in him.
@hope70753 жыл бұрын
Not all ragdolls have blue eyes though. I have a sepia seal color point and he has greenish eyes.
@theone54043 жыл бұрын
@John Michael Rodriguez wrong. Ann very much used mink and solid in her breeding. They are the same exact cat. The traditional point ragdoll comes from a solid and mink cat. TICA, WCF and GBCA all accept Mink, Sepia and Solid coat Ragdolls. Most don't even know that if you breed to solid Ragdolls together you still get traditional points.
@theone54043 жыл бұрын
So true. Seal Sepia, Blue Mink and Chocolate Solid are still purebebred Ragdolls. I just wouldn't use the term sepia seal color point. It's seal sepia, Seal Sepia Bicolor or Seal Sepia Mitted. Which ever yours may be.
@FactsaboutCatsVideos3 жыл бұрын
The breed standard clearly says all Ragdolls must have blue eye color. Look it up, it's easy and please don't dismiss my work without researching.
@theone54043 жыл бұрын
@@FactsaboutCatsVideos swallow your pride and get over yourself and your feelings. I've done the research and have the paperwork to prove exactly what I've said, including Ann Baker's official paperwork on mink and solids. It's true, many of us have fully registered non blue eyed registered mink and solid ragdolls with paperwork and genetic testing to prove Every bit of this. Been doing ragdolls for years with fully traceable cats all the way back to Ann Baker, including minks and solids. You, do your research, and not only from one source.
@FactsaboutCatsVideos3 жыл бұрын
You swallow yours instead. I talked about TICA and CFA, where Mink, Sepia and Solid Ragdolls are seen as controversial in the Ragdoll breeding community as they do not have blue eyes. As mentioned earlier, the breed standards set out by The International Cat Association (TICA) states that any eye color other than blue is not permitted. So far you talked a lot but shown no proof. The video was about purebred Ragdolls as defined by breed standards, in case you missed it. If you want to change the standard, do that first and then come here because now you're just spreading misinformation
@sahkura4022 жыл бұрын
Great video!!
@crispypotatoes5202 ай бұрын
Ragdoll and Himalayan look the same but the price got huge different 😂
@maggiecouture2933 жыл бұрын
What about Balinese?
@nicoledominguez54752 жыл бұрын
Indeed. I’m almost sure mine is Balinese
@sciencenotstigma9534 Жыл бұрын
I thought I adopted a Burmese mix, but now I think he’s a Birman mix. Right country, wrong breed!
@catherinekuhle18592 жыл бұрын
I just adopted a kitten she has blue eyes they know the mom was definitely a tabby but they don’t know about the Dad and from her age now everyone including myself is pretty sure that she’s going to keep her blue eyes
@muedzafamily25932 жыл бұрын
Hi,there.. Can i ask you about my cats? I'm in confuse of knowing what type of my cats are 🤭🤭 I just saw your video about Ragdoll Cat 101.
@justkidding2475 Жыл бұрын
This confuses me more than Math 😅😅😅
@sampa2nyc10 ай бұрын
An updated video should include the Balinese or long haired Siamese cat.
@sabazamani58322 ай бұрын
I want a cat that is not too demanding, but is loving and friendly and when I come home, I want to welcome me and cuddle. Any recommendations?
@alvisgineika93062 жыл бұрын
mine was a Himalayan with the small snout ,, cool guy
@XoXoG2 жыл бұрын
I’m still confused
@allisonosta566911 ай бұрын
Same! Maybe because the video is so fast?
@PhotographerCGJM2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this video! How do these breeds compare to a Balinese?
@JohnSandercock2 жыл бұрын
Balinese are a naturally occurring long-hair mutation of the Siamese.
@NCMNoCopyrightMusicS3 жыл бұрын
Love this video
@FactsaboutCatsVideos3 жыл бұрын
Thanks :)
@AndraBLK2 ай бұрын
Idc what you are as long as you meowing 🫶🏻
@uN_TiGrE_aZuL Жыл бұрын
Thank you for the video! it was awesome, but please talk slower or allow to change video speed.
@LBzzz2 жыл бұрын
So all Balinese are Siamese, but not all Siamese are Balinese. Long fur. Blue eyes. Dark points. Fluffy tails. NO white paws, white muzzles, or chins. I think one or two were featured in this video.
@Himalayancats2 жыл бұрын
Wow cute 🥰 cats
@zampasto16913 жыл бұрын
Good effort, though you missed an opportunity by not giving a label to each cat.
@nortondone53113 жыл бұрын
Ummm…what?????….😐 between all the cats that look alike and the fast talking…
@ollieanntan4478 Жыл бұрын
I like her vibe lol
@RickMasterCZ3 жыл бұрын
I have a question how much ragdolls shed??
@clariseperez49683 жыл бұрын
Yeaaaaaah still confused
@Hhbdr Жыл бұрын
Most Birman's look like your Ragdol. And most ragdols look lime your Birman. Have a good day.
@amothergoddess27742 жыл бұрын
fur on ragdoll longer than birman, this video is so confusing!
@roberthurd328 Жыл бұрын
And if you look at my cat and I'm not sure but her face she has her eyes and then she has markings on the left side of her face it looks like a painted on eye or something that looks like a structure of an eye but that's the color coat that's around her face
@lilikoimahalo2 ай бұрын
Actually, ragdolls are not supposed to have an undercoat
@kirra00003 жыл бұрын
If you’re ragdoll has blue eyes then it’s pure bred I think
@yourboyarmin33852 жыл бұрын
Im too high for that
@ralphfurley81 Жыл бұрын
Me and the wife tried to enjoy your presentation. Please slow down your pace and your picture slide show . The pace of your video made it unenjoyable
@kimatkinson68922 жыл бұрын
There are long haired siamese.....called Balinese
@survival66142 жыл бұрын
I have a cat and I don't know what it is. It has blue eyes. Can you help me. can i send you a pic.
@D_F_L_ Жыл бұрын
Ragdoll are medium size but Birman is heavy size??? Don’t think that’s correct
@jezzvonsperling1237 Жыл бұрын
OK but what if I have a what I thought Is a birman but hjs front paws are full Grey but the back paws have white gloves like the birman cat an not like the ragdoll and he has the exact fur like a birman no undercoat and the curly hair on the stomache 😂
@bizzz298 ай бұрын
Birmans are french...
@YukiTheOkami Жыл бұрын
Himalayans also have the f Suffer breed face 😢
@sunnybunny8470 Жыл бұрын
Yeah, a Himalayan is actually a Persian!
@lixian00720003 жыл бұрын
Mitted ragdolls have white chins, birmans no white chin
@CL-rm2iu Жыл бұрын
ragdolls don't have undercoats
@rovinmangal4675 Жыл бұрын
im confused.
@energydragon11473 жыл бұрын
💖
@Tepadj2 жыл бұрын
If it doesn't have a pedigree, it's just a moggy.
@sciencenotstigma9534 Жыл бұрын
Not necessarily. Feline DNA testing is finding a lot of breed history in moggies. Granted, it’s mixed, but so are many humans in the world. You can look at it as more history or less…I am interested in all of my cultures and all of the breeds in my mixed breeds. I say more is more! I have also adopted several purebreds who did not meet the standards and 2 show quality BSHs whose person had to go to a nursing home…all with papers. I appreciate all kinds of cats.