Farming On Mars

[@basoon87]

I will never get tired of Issac Arthur politely inviting me to get myself a snack at the start of a video.

[@jimc.goodfellas]

First time I ever saw an IA video that was the first thing I noticed....he's come a long way since then! Definitely one of the best YT channels

[@MikeJones-yo8en]

Seriously!

[@orangemanonsteroids8569]

I'd love to meet this guy, I bet he is one of the coolest dudes you would ever know.

[@3FFFshooter2580]

Sometimes I grab a bit of pizza and a appropriate beverage with barley in it.

[@InquisitorMatthewAshcraft]

@@orangemanonsteroids8569 I've talked to him a few times, he's a great physicist and a lucky man as well.

[@comicmoniker]

This episode is a return to form for my absolute favorite aspect of this channel: simultaneously informative and grounded while also being pure unadulterated sci fi writing inspiration

[@mandyb8675]

This channel has been very inspiring. I have only watched a few videos, but they are all very vivid and well explained.

[@cacogenicist]

Lucky you. You have many hours of amusement ahead of you. You should immediately look up "Civilizations at the End of TIme: Iron Stars" -- super mind-fucky, as are the other videos in that series.

[@sab1751]

Yup, hours of very cool, educational and entertaining vids. Be careful not to develop Arthursday syndrome. ;)

[@FrogTheGamer]

@@sab1751 XD

[@BurnDoubt]

As much as I love the visuals here on YT, Arthur also gives a bunch of his brain sheddings away (audio only) for free on Spotify!

[@secprog]

Welcome and boy do you have a lot of good content to choose from now

[@phillip6083]

I would say shrimp and crawfish would be a very effective source of protien that has a great ability to rapidly reproduce.they are also bottom feeders so they would subsist on detritus.

[@jpdalvi]

Exactly. And providers of nutrients and bacteria plants need. Aquaponia is the best this for this kind of mission.

[@phillip6083]

@@jpdalvi agreed.

[@lukasmakarios4998]

Crayfish and prawns would be best, as they would be using fresh water. And I guess we also have to think about snails, just to keep the tanks clean. Little by little, we build up ecosystems.

[@phillip6083]

@@lukasmakarios4998 snails would be excellent. But are the aquatic ones edible?

[@moltendiamonds1567]

​@@phillip6083the snails would be there to keep the tanks clean, similar to how they're often put in aquarium.

[@realhuman7911]

literally just found this channel and i love it

[@Ozzy_2014]

Well then two mottos we use here you should know. Think BIG, and If brute force isn't working, you aren't using enough of it. Regular uploads Thursday Mornings and Sundays are bonus episodes and 1 live Q&A per month. There is a discord and reddit sub if you wish to talk to the community. Welcome in. I find thst Issac provides the cure to nihlism by providing a vision. Discussing reshaping entire galaxies by pushing them together for resources has been discussed. Surving till the end of time as a meanigful concept also discussed. Welcome in. 😃🙋🖖

[@theragemachineau3855]

Start on the playlist about aliens!! So bloody captivating and in-depth, honesty couldn’t recommend anyone but Isaac for these types of informational videos!

[@wolfvale7863]

Oh to be watching Isaac's videos for the first time. Such a happy moment.😍

[@olafnilsen1641]

The gold standard

[@Vjx-d7c]

Welcome to the family

[@garrettord3304]

I've always liked this format for videos, which cover a mix of known and hypothetical future technologies, then lay out how they could be combined into a clear solution to a problem. It makes the whole concept feel more real, and closer.

[@smokenchoken1736]

I used to have a high level feeling of existential dread until I found this channel around 5 years ago and just the way Isaac talks about the future and things that we can look forward to it has calmed my mind and relieved anxieties about the future and I have over the years watched every episode he has posted and now he feels like a comfortable friend who I get to listen to every week and it makes my heart and mind ......... Happy...... and thats a big thing for me Thank You Isaac and Crew, may you all have a wonderful Christmas and New Year

[@vincent_hall]

Wow! Fantastic results!

[@jesseestrada8914]

I just love how hopeful he is he is so inspiring

[@voidremoved]

Even if we never escape this planet we are on. Seems doubtful people will populate Mars any time soon if ever.

[@AbsentQuack]

@@voidremoved i agree, but mostly because it almost always seems more economically viable to use space habitats like O'Neil Cylinders.

[@PazLeBon]

you mean,oblivious :)

[@arcadiaberger9204]

@@PazLeBon I've always wondered about the small number of people who must be out there somewhere, hatewatching Isaac's videos, feeling their guts clenching over all that loathsome optimism and positivity and pro-human attitude, that insidious notion that the world's problems might have . . . *_solutions_* . . . .

[@PazLeBon]

@@arcadiaberger9204 pmsl, dont hate on skeptics, science is built on it. besides ,i can still admire other viewpoints without chastsing, even if I might find it fanciful.

[@JohnPritzlaff]

Great episode. I'm super fascinated with regenerative agricriculture, food forests, etc. Coming from a Phoenix, AZ regenerated ag perspective, where shade is very important, it's an interesting thought experiment to imagine what pioneer species might be good candidates in a situation where sun is in lesser supply. It also brings into focus the difference between light, heat, and UV radiation from a tree's perspective, which I don't understand well enough yet.

[@Rose_Harmonic]

I read '-where the sun is in laser supply' like the meme from Bill Wurtz's video.

[@xxxm981]

Probably would wanna look at arctic lichen. >withstand low temperatures >grows on very poor media >can deal with extensive periods of very low light

[@theragemachineau3855]

Nothing brightens my day more than coming home after a long shift at the local, to see that the brilliant Isaac Arthur himself has uploaded another fascinating video for me to unwind and watch. I always feel enlightened and this couldn’t be a better feeling than sitting down and watching some sitcom trash. Much appreciation for all you do Isaac 💕💕 Also can we take a minute to appreciate the fact that the amazing videos aren’t littered with nonsense ads!! ❤

[@SirHeinzbond]

So what i'm probably missed is the part with the simulated Mars Soil Spinach, it was heavy loaded with Iron... So wondering plants, who will collect some specific sorts of minerals or Salts can be not only for Air Cleaning, soil making harvested, but also for the minerals.... thought i heard there is project in Austria with small flower who collect Iron, would be harvested, dried and then burned to extract the Iron in it?

[@virutech32]

Bioleaching is already big business & i'm sure phytomining will be eventually. That sort of tech is super useful back on earth to let us access the more dilute ores & even just random rocks. Especially since we're depleting all the most economical ores soon. Iron poppys sounds lk an awesome concept.

[@SirHeinzbond]

@@virutech32 didnt know that there even was a name for, thank you!

[@boobah5643]

​@@virutech32 Well, yes. We're always depleting the most economical mines. That would be why those're the ones we're mining; nobody bothers with the $10/unit mine when they can instead run the $1/unit mine and sell for $9/unit making $8/unit profit and driving the other mine out of business. Once the economical mine runs out, supply contracts, the price goes up, and now the more expensive alternatives are 'economical.' Sometimes that means working harder/paying more for the same stuff, sometimes that means replacing that stuff with something else; i.e., copper gets too expensive, it gets replaced by silver wires and plastic pipes.

[@massimookissed1023]

There's a place in the US where they planted birch trees to suck up contaminants from an old industrial site.

[@digitalnomad9985]

Is iron oxide sufficiently magnetic to be separated out of the soil by magnetic means? (I know that it is the magnetizable medium in magnetic (audio and data) tape, and "floppy" disks, and I had heard of plans to use this method for isolating iron oxide from Lunar regolith for metal production.)

[@cannonfodder4376]

Happy Birthday to Isaac's mother. Yet another informative episode as always Isaac.

[@thomashiggins9320]

I always like best the episodes about near-future developments. I mean, stuff about the end of time, or colonizing galaxies are okay, too, but this "day after tomorrow" sort of topic really sits well with me. Happy Birthday to your mom!

[@n.g.s1mple29]

I kind of want to read a novel about an interplanetary farmer now, lol. Cultivating heavily gene tailored plants below the ice on Callisto.

[@GUYEG1985]

very nice love your vids isaac been watching since 2020 my first series was outward bound still watch it again from time to time your channel will stand the test of time

[@OpreanMircea]

Awesome episode, when you started narrating about the hypothetical colony on Mars, i was so happy, it made me think of you narrating an audio book

[@glyngreen538]

Fungus could be grown too? The veggie meat alternative Quorn is a form of fungus and brewed up in giant vats I believe. It might have higher protein than most plants, though you’d probably want both.

[@DanielGenis5000]

Happy birthday to Isaac’s esteemed mother! Thanks for a good one, Isaac, and Merry Christmas!

[@DFX2KX]

"possibly some potato chips" and here I am.... *with potato chips*, how unusually prepared I am....

[@digitalnomad9985]

"Great minds" and all that.

[@texastea51]

My brain absolutely refuses to stop putting "Sir" with Isaac Arthur.

[@K4t4strophicFailure]

This man’s videos are always pure gold. Makes me hopeful for the future, which is definitely needed considering the current global situation.

[@asimovstarling8806]

an interesting point: a plant that produces large amounts of hormones and proteins that promote bone growth in humans might be able to evolve rapidly into the first martian trees, or even into an animal-like plant. and even more interesting is that such plants might be necessary.

[@jimBobuu]

"Mars has all the nutrients plants need." I hope Mars has electrolytes. It's what plants crave!

[@NickPoeschek]

I’m glad I’m not the only one who’s first thought was Brawndo when he said that.

[@fanOmry]

Thank you. Fellow Idiocracy fan.

[@mike83ny]

However, it severely lacks nitrogen (2% on Mars versus 78% on Earth). We're going to need a lot of nitrogen if we're thinking of growing plants and animals.

[@SomeoneExchangeable]

@@sweezlesquee The problem is that you also have to take that nitrogen back in (or you die). So unless the recycling is absolutely perfect (it isn't) you're still going to have to import nitrogen. And that is even if there are no new people being born on Mars, and no new ecosystems are being created. Everything that lives needs nitrogen, it is part of DNA and every protein in every cell out there. So to create new biomass you'll need nitrogen. (And phosphorus. And a few other things.)

[@marcpeterson1092]

We can just bring a bunch of Gatorade (powdered).

[@CuddaBrown]

Happy Birthday momma Issac

[@bbirda1287]

Algae produced plastic domes layered with locally produced aerogel in between, brilliant! A lot prettier than mushroom shaped regolith adobe huts.

[@kobebarka8633]

Happy Arthursday friends! I’ve got a long car drive ahead of me and I couldn’t think of anyone better to listen to while I drive. Live long and Prosper my friends 🖖🏻

[@williamlazenby314]

This is the earliest that I think I've made it to one of your videos. I found your channel two years ago and it has helped me through so much. Thank you for doing what you do.

[@mcgunboat8339]

Thanks for the drink and snack reminder! 🥂

[@christiancorralejo8726]

This video is very helpful as I’ve been doing research for constructing a timeline for the process of terraforming Mars. An important crop I use are dandelions as they are found to be robust crops in Martian conditions as well as serving both food and medicinal purposes. Another benefit is that if a more hospitable atmosphere is achieved they can easily spread and help establish a new ecosystem on Mars. As for animal livestock, those would probably be things like tilapia, non-hiving bees, and quail as well a animals we would experiment on like rats, mice, and fruit flies. The long term goal in the setting I’m constructing is that once Mars becomes more hospitable (with the aid of tech, microbes, and synthetic organisms), we would intentionally release the organisms we use for farming to establish a new ecosystem so basically everything living on the planet would be useful to us. I’m open to any feedback.

[@boobah5643]

Frivolous comment, but: _Martian Chronicles_ x _Dandelion Wine._

[@marcpeterson1092]

What are the medicinal uses if dandelions?

[@danielhalsey2679]

3 to 7 times the cosmic radiation, less than half the sunlight of earth at best. No magnetic field to keep an atmosphere. Let alone getting there. Fun to ponder but not a real possibility except for a few souls willing to gamble their short lives. Sorry.

[@ebonaparte3853]

@@danielhalsey2679Mars still gets enough sunlight for plants, and deploying an artificial magnetosphere will help with radiation. It’s possible.

[@ebonaparte3853]

The regolith is an issue though.

[@MrGlugz]

I don't think they will pick and choose which (domesticated) animals to bring and which to leave behind, at least not after several trips. I'm sure they will want to know how well each animal fares in a Martian environment, so eventually they'll bring at least a few individuals of each species, regardless of how efficient they are, if for no other reason than for research purposes. Of course, that is if there's the budget for it. They wont really know which animals are good on Mars until they actually try it. As you've said, it's a lot of guess work until we get there.

[@Tally2727]

Isaac has always given us quality documentary style videos through the many years I have listened to him. But what I really love is how he uses his videos as a speech therapy for his impediment, and it really shows! Keep up the amazing work sir, you deserve all the love in the world 🌎

[@Argyuile3]

To follow up on the Brilliant section, our company is always hiring engineers, the ones we currently need the most are Structural Engineers, Electrical Engineers and Materials Engineers if your wondering what fields are in need and pay well.

[@drumkommandr9779]

Especially with the recent developments in fusion energy, it makes a lot of sense to use nuclear power offworld, while exporting deuterium and tritium back to earth for fusion use until reactors get built where the colonies are.

[@dizzious]

Isaac, thank you for all of your videos. For the past four years I've been listening to you while working on projects. Several E-bikes, a camper van, gold prospecting equipment, lye soap, a smelting furnace, and a gourmet mushroom grow are just a few examples of things I've made while listening to your series. I can't be the only person who works on projects while listening to you, and it makes me wonder how many things have been built and accomplished with your series playing in the background. Cheers to you, sir.

[@LifeIsOrigami]

That’s awesome, stay creative

[@blackterminal]

Isaac is good to listen to if your feeling anxiety. Thank you Isaac.

[@sab1751]

A most excellent one yet again. Watched it on Nebula but came here to support the video. :)

[@trplankowner3323]

Mrs. Arthur (Isaac's mother), thank you for all your efforts with Isaac! I can't express how much I have enjoyed his work here on KZbin and that is a result of your work with him. Congratulations on a job well done! For the other Mrs. Arthur, Sarah, thank you for your work with Isaac as well. Isaac, thank you so much for all of your work, SFIA is my favorite source for insight into all these topics you cover. I often find myself thinking; "I look forward to when Isaac talks about this" whenever there is news about science and space. I have often referred other people on KZbin to your videos and playlists whenever I find someone that I think should get a better understanding of a science or space exploration topic.

[@SomeoneExchangeable]

Just had to plug your channel to two of my profs -- authors of the paper that you mentioned on bio-remediation of heavy metals using algae. Makes me feel like I am studying at a future-proof place 🙂

[@migjing23OCMCHS]

I love listening to Issac talk about all the things this universe has to offer humanity sometime someday.

[@replica1052]

build river-like lakes for indoor walks, seafood, and o2 algae - ice as building material be self-sealing (waterlocks as airlocks make living easy )

[@Glumpsy]

I'm so glad that titles on thumbnails are back. It's so much easier to see them rather than actual video titles.

[@RandomEvoTimes]

Underrated gem of an episode in my humble opinion, though I feel your predictions at 21:50 are off in terms of what animal(s) would be brought to Mars first. My guess would go as follows: Phase I Roundworm (Caenorhabditis elegans) Phase II Mouse (Mus musculus) Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) Water Flea (Daphnia pulex) Tardigrade (Hypsibius dujardini) Flatworm (Dugesia japonica) Phase III Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Macaque (Macaca mulatta) Chicken (Gallus domesticus) Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) Trout (Salmo trutta) Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Honeybee (Apis mellifera) Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Cricket (Acheta domesticus) Prawn (Penaeus monodon) Nerite Snail (Vitta zebra) Mussel (Mytilus edulis) Earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) Hydra (Hydra vulgaris)

[@YoungGandalf2325]

Mr. Arthur is such a great visionary, presenter and educator. Looking forward to 2023!

[@corbynite2004]

I hope we start practicing now by building agricultural arcospheres under mountains! Or we could just keep throwing all the money we can at a losing military war with Russia, and kneecap the global economy with a needless economic war with China.

[@theOrionsarms]

At the beginning martian colonists or even large scientific research facilities would grow plants only to supliment the people diet with fresh vegetables(those are necessary for any human to have a healthy lifestyle for any period longer than few months), and because at least at the beginning is most efficient to bring from earth dry beans or rice and vegetables oils for basic metabolic needs , but if would be find a way to provide most of necessary dietary needs for keeping humans healthy and happy, that would happen eventually.

[@frigginpatchez3937]

im slowly building a mars base in my head watching these.

[@aaronsmith6632]

"I'm gonna have to science the shit out of this!'

[@patrickseaman]

It seems like aquaponics should play a big part in this kind of agriculture. The fish give you protein and provide the fertilizer for the plants with their waste.

[@csgowoes6319]

Maybe initially, but I think the longer-term goal is to build soil, and the way nature builds soil is by growing things, which support microbial life in the soil through photosynthesis and providing decaying matter, and this feedback loop allows a succession of plants to grow, first the most pioneering species and later perennials that can provide food. But then that's the permaculturist in me talking, I'm thinking about terraforming :)

[@patrickseaman]

@@csgowoes6319 Agree on long term goals. Shorter term, I've been impressed with what you can do in a small footprint with aquaponics. A buddy of mine made an aquaponic vertical garden in about a 3' square space that could feed a family of 4 with faster grow times. It always seemed to me that you could distribute something like that so all your gardens were spread out. Even as supplementary grow, it seemed very promising to me.

[@csgowoes6319]

Oh sure, seems inevitable early settlers would start out with hydroponics or aquaponics or whatever. Unless they are straight-up farming some genetically engineered, highly nutritional algae.

[@ApocalypticAnarchy01]

I’m only 5 minutes in but another good thing to grow on mars is whatever is good for Alcohol and/or ethanol like corn! Cleaning our workstations and wounds with the alcohol alongside a good backup for clean water as used throughout our short history!

[@seditt5146]

Pretty much everything is good for alcohol. Not to mention its incredibly easy to teach Yeast to feed on what it normally struggles with. I have regularly bypassed different preservatives by selectively breeding yeast and it only takes a week or two. Boils down to those who can will, and those who will live, those who dont die. With split batch of various dilutions of whatever toxin you wish it to digest that would normally harm it and before you know it a strain appears that can handle it.... Then promptly explodes all over your room now that it can suddenly take advantage of the sugars and stuff you been feeding it lol. Fun times. Strong booze though... 30% which is friggin insane for brewing but its easy to make and I have done it multiple times now.

[@JohanErikssonSWE]

I love your channel and i often put a playlist on when i have a hard time sleeping, NO not because its boring, i really enjoy your voice and really enjoy the topics, the ambient music is amazing and after half hour i can drift into the dream world and explore space on my own terms. Thanks for an amazing and interesting channel, merry christmas Isaac 💖

[@dalemartin815]

Today dirt farmer is now a derogatory remark. Tomarrow dirt farmer is a rich and influncial member of an off world scocity.

[@Zarcondeegrissom]

it may be counterintuitive to consider fish as an early adoption in a settlement as there O2 consuming rather than producing, yet if your algae systems are producing a surplus of O2 that shouldn't be an issue. also an interesting thought about using algae to separate out heavy metals, does that diminish the O2 production or make the algae biomass unusable for fertilizer? interesting thoughts to consider for any off earth system (ships, habs, or terraforming) . P.S. happy B-day SFIA mom. B)

[@MrGlugz]

Personally, I would say that fish are the perfect early adoption animal for agriculture on Mars. If you have fish, you can create an aquaponics system, which ironically uses less water/day than any other farming method yet known, and doesn't require soil at all to grow a wide range of plants (which is a problem according to this video). Grow algae for fish food, have an input of micro nutrients (small quantity), and fish+plants+sunlight+co2 can create a closed loop which produces vegetables and fish meat as a surplus. Assuming of course it still works on Mars, which we don't know yet.

[@jameswest4819]

We could ship rabbits, guinea pigs and very young goats that would be fed, at first, with milk...along with alfalfa bales or those compacted cylindrical bales, to get the whole compost process started.

[@danielallen6238]

The Martian is an all time fav Science Fiction film. Gonna have to check out the novel, already know its gonna be much much better

[@hmxr715]

A lot of solar panels will be needed that must be cleaned periodically.

[@stevenpilling5318]

What we learn on Mars about practical extraterrestrial biology will write the book for space colonists into the distant future.

[@oliverharris7366]

On average it takes two football fields of land to feed one person for a year. And that works out only because of the animal meat we eat to supplement it.

[@boobah5643]

So, you're saying that two football fields _isn't_ enough, because you assumed eating critters but didn't count the land they use?

[@sicstar]

Was watching on 2K resolution and was instantly surprised that i suddenly have a clearer picture :D For rendering and upload time : you do you. But more better quality is always appreciated. Maybe someday when 2048K screens come out they match your production quality with the video quality. Thank you for your content!

[@The_Bird_Bird_Harder]

Happy birthday Isaac Arthur's mom!

[@thomasthemarstrain2141]

Happy Birthday to your Mother ❤️ Wishing you and your family a Merry Christmas! 🎄

[@vipondiu]

Yeyyy, it's Arthursday!!

[@apocraphontripp4728]

I've thought about this too. Genetically modified brine shrimp, with fish, beef, pork and chicken flavors would give you a 3D bio mass of protein.

[@plexisgaming]

Due to the low gravity and the negative effects of it, I think orbital farms will be effective.

[@skipkurtz2705]

God bless Mrs Arthur and Happy Birthday! Your son is a treasure to us all!

[@chayakornpumas9560]

Thanks for include our work in this clip

[@qweezinator6420]

For waste management all you need is to have mealworms & german roaches. If they overpopulate then purge with fire. You also need rollie pollies to remove the heavy metals from Martian soil but youd need to have compost or have clean waste mixed in just to make it sustainable

[@jason_m_schmidt622]

Humanure

[@vincent_hall]

What about breeding or engineering very small beef or milk cattle? With smaller bones. With lower gravity, they wouldn't need big bones, that might even sort itself out automatically.

[@lukasmakarios4998]

There's also a way to grow fungi, yeast, and bacteria for useful things like food and medicine. I heard it called "fermentation farming."

[@jamesfry8983]

Cows would be great for Mars, the methane they produce could be put to so many uses

[@happyhome41]

I needed the potato chips like a hole in the head - excellent video. Hope to live long enough to see a version of this vision borne out.

[@turningpoint4238]

The bulk of our food at least early on would probably be produced by fermentation farming, this would also produce many other useful feed stock for making all sorts of things.

[@t.b.a.r.r.o.]

Aquaponics is better way to go than hydroponics in the long run. The by products being useful in many ways, and the fact that the water gets used and clean by the very nature of the process. Not to excuse hydroponics, but in my mind as a general setup, aquaponics should come on line in a big way early on.

[@kenwelch198]

I keep going back to the episodes where you talk about how to make it possible to live on other planets in our own solar system. It's got to happen before we venture out into the rest of the galaxy.

[@brandonfranklin4533]

Happy Birthday Mama Arthur!

[@lukasmakarios4998]

Staple foods, Seasonings, Supplements, and Medicine... and maybe some extra for our micro-livestock. Bugs don't need much to reproduce prolifically, and they offer more protein than most anything else. And honey bees for pollination. However, I would like to see chickens, fish, and rabbits if they can flourish with only 38% of normal gravity. There's also a way to grow fungi, yeast, and bacteria for useful things like food and medicine. I heard it called "fermentation farming."

[@rJaune]

Happy Birthday, Mrs. Arthur! Your son is awesome!

[@samuelmolina9496]

Can you please organize all of your farming content into one playlist because I think it would be awesome to just go from one item to the next thanks huge fan of the show

[@ThePhysicalReaction]

I love your narration. Don't take this the wrong way: I love to listen to these on the way to sleep... science and sleep.

[@robynburrows]

Love it! More like this please

[@flobba123]

Cant wait to drink some Marsian moonshine

[@2150dalek]

Very detailed and informative Mars video. You certainly do your homework.

[@elliotsmith9812]

Perhaps you should do an episode on what resources you would first collect and cache. MW solar fields to load batteries and stash them anyplace you might need them later. Do you go to the poles to get water or dig it up elsewhere? With water you have O2, CO2, CH4, and H2. Maybe put them in 2 x 6 meter bags and place a few every couple hundred km, with a big stash at the intended landing site? Where do you get N2? Fish should be able to grow in the air at low g. Maybe Phobos is the place to grow meat.

[@anthonymclellan7342]

Please do an episode on the net energy gain fusion reaction in Lawrence Livermore national laboratory, I know it’s too early to be a viable energy source but I feel this is pretty groundbreaking stuff and I am on the edge of my seat for some any more info about it. I’m sure soon someone will add in more technical info about it but I would value your opinion generally on it as well as your time frame on when this technology would be a viable option for energy generation in a practical sense. Thank you and love the video been a fan for years now.

[@isaacarthurSFIA]

I'm considering it but I usually plan and write episode a few months out, it would be old news by then and we've done a few fusion episodes already.

[@johnn1199]

@@isaacarthurSFIA Maybe a community post or Short? Most people who follow you will be aware of it, but many won't and you could make lot of people extremely happy for Christmas. Merry Christmas by the way!

[@MarsMatters]

Great video Isaac! Thanks for such detailed information on the subject :)

[@MagicalMaster]

Isaac, have you ever played the game Surviving Mars? I think you would like it.

[@MestreDentistaGUC]

HAPPY BIRTHDAY, MOMMA ARTHUR!

[@swedichboy1000]

Whats your thoughts on the latest development of a Fusion reactor?

[@vermasean]

27:35 - ❤🥳🍰- Happy Birthday!! Moms are the best!

[@JamesTyrrellOnline]

I am so happy you showed the R.C.Bray superior audio edition of the book The Martian :)!!!

[@emmettobrian1874]

The issue with manufacturing meat from cells isn't a texture issue anymore. It's keeping bacterial cells and viruses out of the growth media. Vats of animal cells have no immune system currently. Bacterial cells out reproduce animal cells by a wide margin.

[@cedrichunter9759]

Happy birthday to your mother.

[@albizu75]

Mars, here we go! Love Thursdays!

[@ramonpizarro]

The Mars Trilogy by Kim Stanley Robinson was a great primer for this video. Or vice versa

[@andyoli75]

Optional cleaning fluid on Mars: CO2. If you are using water it would need to be under pressure or it vaporizes so why not use a material that you have in abundance? At Martian temps the CO2 would need to be at 20 to 30 atms though so that is something that needs to be worked out.

[@blackomega2526]

Happy birthday to your mother an amazing woman to have and raise someone like you issac

[@notlessgrossman163]

Excellent topic.if anything to make people realize the importance of our life support systems when forests in DRC are being auctioned off to oil and gas companies.

[@richardgreen7225]

One of the experiments that the ongoing Mars habitat prototypes should perform would be living exclusively on food growing under such conditions with nothing other than the initial inputs and the whole habitat system parachuted in and self-assembled. To my knowledge there has only been one successful enclosed agriculture experiment of this sort; but, I do not know the extent/mass of the initial inputs.

[@greggweber9967]

16:16 Could a mirror wobble like a Top to give each area it reflects Sunlight to a 24 hour day night cycle?

[@UnisRapier]

in the book martian mark didn't use just mars soil. he also had normal earth soil samples which contained the neccesary bacteria and then mixed it with the mars soil. so it is still fairly accurate as he also used fertilizer. the toxins in the soil however are still a problem.

[@hherpdderp]

Maybe I missed it. But should mention lichen could be useful here. Very tough organism that can turn rock into soil.

[@notlessgrossman163]

Spherical, squat (not tall) cylinders and cubic volumes enclose the maximum amount of volume for the least amount of exposed surface area. Underground structures expose the least amount of surface