Formation of acetals | Aldehydes and ketones | Organic chemistry | Khan Academy

How aldehydes react with alcohols via an acid-catalyzed mechanism to form acetals.Created by Jay.
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Organic Chemistry on Khan Academy: Carbon can form covalent bonds with itself and other elements to create a mind-boggling array of structures. In organic chemistry, we will learn about the reactions chemists use to synthesize crazy carbon based structures, as well as the analytical methods to characterize them. We will also think about how those reactions are occurring on a molecular level with reaction mechanisms. Simply put, organic chemistry is like building with molecular Legos. Let's make some beautiful organic molecules!
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[@shauryaverma2705]

Happy teacher's day sir

[@ewwxaca]

Thank you

[@Durpyd233]

Could you have protonated the cyclohexanone instead of the ethanol and used the conjugate base of the sulfuric acid to deprotonate the ethanol in step 3?

[@Jonathan-rf5cp]

The cyclohexanone is essentially being protonated, but it's just not good practice to draw free floating H+ ions, and since the reaction is being run in ethanol, almost all protonation is going to occur on ethanol first. As for using the sulfate ion to deprotonate, it's a far weaker base than the alcohol, so deprotonation with alcohol is preferential.

[@kylepalmer9432]

Doug's lab has a cool video where he dehydrates 2 mols of EtGlycol using sulphuric acid to make a 6 member ring (can't remember the name of the compound) but it's benzene with an oxygen at the 1 and 4 positions :P it's the same reaction mechanism as this video though

[@alonator09]

Would the name be cyclohexanone diethyl ketal?

[@nyuphysio]

isnt that mechanism for ketal instead of acetal

[@ashfordlarynx9967]

Ketal is a form of acetal. The term acetal was historically used specifically for aldehydes, but it is nowadays used for both.

[@arashroham9420]

Why do you have to protonate the ethanol in the beginning of the mechanism?

[@Jonathan-rf5cp]

I think he means why not just show direct protonation of the cyclohexanone, which to be fair, is how its shown in some textbooks. Technically, the cyclohexanone wouldn't be directly protonated since it is more acidic than the alcohol, and is presumably present in less quantity than the alcohol, which is the solvent.

[@sarah70067]

@ 10:58, why do we add the carbon chain twice?

[@hyunjong1997]

That's just the part of thre reaction

[@meghavohra9430]

Where did the third ethanol come from to pick up the final proton because we only had 2 moles of ROH to begin with?

[@Jonathan-rf5cp]

That's your acid catalyst. A protonated ROH initiates the reaction, so at the end of the reaction, it must be regenerated.

[@aroojaslam5090]

@@Jonathan-rf5cp 3

[@morganlehman123]

carbon EELs haha

[@phatkaveh60]

Thats a ketal dude COMMON!!!!