Why there is no Neutral in Transmission Lines? Explained | TheElectricalGuy

[@rizwanullahzahoor1079]

Ohh my god the way you explained.... Thank you so much

[@GauravJ]

Happy to help

[@WXUZT]

Fantastic Explanation.

[@GauravJ]

Yes. That’s right in case of distribution network. In the video i am specifically talking about the transmission network..

[@PavolFilek]

This is 100 y. old system, now you have DC lines + and - and iinverters. Where do you live ? Why you have this old system ? DC system has a lot of advantages. pLease switch to modern tech. not this 3F for apes. It is a shame.

[@fredsalter1915]

Thank you for educating me!

[@bhishmakaliyuga371]

😮😮 The correct explanation is, In 3 phase delta (or star without neutral) circuits, no need of neutral as return path. Because, the return path for the each Line current will be provided by reaming two other lines 😮

[@ABINASHHANDIQUE12]

Exactly And in residential connection neutral is required as almost all of our domestic appliances require 240V to run that is the phase voltage or the voltage between neutral and phase.

[@Atta-Ur-Rehman-st1jx]

And also in Distribution side he was not provide Graph and explain it unbalance current phenomenon

[@6bq7aez80]

In few words. Because in a transformer the 3 phases are coupled magnetically.

[@jamesspash5561]

The actual reason there is no neutral on a transmission line is, If the line was run in a Y configuration over all to all smaller distribution sub stations,, there would be many ground return paths, through each substation along the line. And the energy return to source station distribution would be reduced. With the delta, no neutral configuration, all faults current is returned to the source station, through the earth ground and via the static/lightning line if equipped. To where there is fault current detecting equipment installed trips out the source of the transmission line. The fault current is returned to the source location to cut off the source. Like the breaker panel in your house , sort of. There is a ground source reference at every source transmission station. Transmission lines, some wired like Y configuration at the source station., but grounded at the source station only with sensing equipment on the ground. But exit in a delta. Some delta only stations have what's called a zig zag bank transformer or ground reference transformer. The CT's and VT's of the ground ref unit are connected to the protective equipment to shut down the line if there is a phase to phase fault or phase to ground (tree, downed conductor,car accident) issue.

[@abuaymanassalafi4706]

Transmission lines typically carry high-voltage electricity over long distances. Since transmission lines primarily transmit power from generating stations to substations, they operate at very high voltages, often ranging from hundreds of thousands to millions of volts. In such high-voltage systems, the primary concern is to minimize energy loss and maximize efficiency. Neutral wires are not typically required for this purpose, as transmission lines are designed to carry balanced three-phase AC power. Additionally, the high voltage levels mean that any return currents can flow through the ground or other conductive paths, eliminating the need for a dedicated neutral wire. Therefore, transmission lines usually consist only of three phase conductors without a separate neutral conductor.

[@mujtabaalmodhafar1027]

Ibn taymia discovered that?

[@georgejetson4378]

Technically, there is no energy loss but there can be an electrical power loss.

[@stargazer7644]

@@georgejetson4378 Considering power is simply energy/time, that's a bit hard to support.

[@georgejetson4378]

@@stargazer7644 Energy unlike power is conservative.

[@pedropagani]

Perfect

[@heronimousbrapson863]

Here in western Canada, it is common to see three phase and single phase distribution lines in rural areas with no neutral wire; the earth is used exclusively as the neutral conductor. The single phase lines of this type are referred to as SWER - single wire earth return.

[@patrickcannell2258]

Plenty of SWER in South Africa and Namibia. South African development in th 90s. Pleased to hear they are using it in Canada.

[@bloss4141]

And in AU

[@Fernando_S]

Same in Brazil. Very common, specially in remote areas, where power demand is low. Otherwise, 3 phase distribution system is the norm.

[@professorg8383]

On single phase distribution, two wires are used. The top wire is usually the neutral and is grounded. If you trace it back, it goes back to one of the 3 phases and the neutral. The grounded neutral provides some lighting protection and when things like tree branches fall and break the lines, the grounded neutral will drop and contact the live phase wire tripping protection devices like fuses or upstream breakers. Thar tends to keep live wires from hitting the ground posing danger.

[@ef2b]

Is the earth literally used as a return path or is it more like a capacitor that stores and returns charge cycle to cycle? I ask because we have SWER in my neighborhood and it seems like a long, long way back to anyplace where there might be a neutral. I've never understood this and am hoping you can answer or point me to more details?

[@erastuskariuki4894]

He is right and he has also given the main reason why there is no neutral wire congratulations 🎉🎉

[@nicolasuribestanko]

When the first telegraph lines were installed (about 1840, between Washington and Baltimore, I believe) they used a neutral wire to complete the circuit. Then they discovered that the circuit could be completed through a ground connection. This enabled them to use the return wire for additional communication.

[@professorg8383]

Sort of, but telegraph lines were not 3 phase. They were DC. In that, the so called "neutral" was just a return and not a true neutral.

[@GianniDoriaRuotti]

Great video! Just one question. The secondary part of the distribution transformer is feeding an imbalanced load, therefore it needs the neutral to carry the imbalance. We also know that the load on the secondary of a transformer directly impacts the load on the primary due to the interactions of the magnetic fluxes. If this is the case, how come that we dont see an imbalance on the primary side aswell?

[@jelleroggen]

He explained it wrong. How can you balance the load? They cant. Only the end user, like a motor or heater with the same resistance on each fase.

[@XetraRewop]

Search for Delta Wye Substation. The solution is in the substation transformers. They are not just 3 separate transformers.

[@teravolt1195]

You do see an imbalance, except it doesn't only load one phase like the star secondary. The imbalance will appear as greater load across two phases on the delta primary. This is the same as if you were to disconnect the neutral line's tie from the starpoint of the transformer. All the single phase loads will draw from one phase, go onto the broken neutral, travel through another load and back to another phase. (Of course you're now dividing line voltage unequally across differently sized single phase loads, but the analogue stands)

[@LarsDennert]

The return path is the other phases. Just as a 240v appliance doesn't need a neutral in the USA. When one phase is positive, the other is negative. In three phase, the same happens but distributed across the three. He really didn't explain it correctly in reference to neutral. In split phase (USA) you need the neutral to return power used in an imbalanced manner across the two phases (which are 120v potential) one uses a light bulb and another phase uses a dishwasher for instance. If you neutral goes open, the imbalance can return 240v into a 120v appliance. Moreover, in Europe, single phase is different. You have a hot that is 240v with a neutral that is zero.

[@josephjabin]

Perfect explanation! 🎉 he emphasized the need for a balanced circuit to not have a neutral line.

[@brianhind6149]

Your explanation Sir was EXCELLENT. Thank You !

[@GauravJ]

Glad it was helpful!

[@joeimperato9129]

THank you for the excellent explanation.

[@yushausaidu4336]

I'm really nice to listen to your lecture, just because you are a explain everything very well.

[@Gengingen]

Great video, very good, thank you Sir! 😊

[@Mohammadsohrab205]

Very interesting explanation

[@ericberman4193]

Good, informative video!

[@richardparkersmith4810]

Thank you, I learned something! I had assumed that network transmission lines always had to have a neutral albeit a light one.

[@petehiggins33]

When there is no neutral then the currents are balanced by definition. They have to add to zero by Kirchhoff's laws but if the load impedances are not balanced then this only happens by the voltages across the three phases adjusting themselves. So if the loads are not well balanced then the three phase voltages will not be the same. In order to limit the imbalance in phase voltage and keep them in spec. the loads on each phase have to be distributed roughly equally between the properties. There are occasionally faults where the neutral connection to a local area goes open circuit and the result is out of spec and often damaging over-voltages appearing in peoples homes.

[@j_m_b_1914]

This happened to our neighborhood during the previous large geomagnetic storm. I have a server farm and have a lot of monitoring systems and our voltage went up to 300 volts on one phase and caused some damage throughout the neighborhood. It tripped over half our breakers but the main breaker did not trip since the over voltage only existed temporarily. That day was insane (weekend).

[@paulromsky9527]

Some notes. What you call "Star" is commonly known as Wye 'Y' configuration. It uses 3 phases with a Netural in the center. You really didn't show the the 3 wire configuration known as "Delta", there is no Netural in a Delta (triangle) configuration. Both configurations transfer power equally, but for long distances the Delta is used to save the need for a forth cable (cost savings in that case). Transformers are used to convert Delta to Y so that different phases and voltages can be used. The Delta can only power 3 Phase equipment (which only factories have), but Y can power (in the US) 3 phase 208V, split phase 240V, and single phase 120V all from a single Y secondary. The Netural is normally tied to ground at the Transformer and again at the home as it enters the breaker panel.

[@pradeepraghavan2109]

well and simply explained !!! thank you

[@GauravJ]

Glad it was helpful!

[@tgchris2222]

Great job explaining this…..

[@7th_dwarf542]

very comprehensive. good job 👍

[@jwillisbarrie]

Thanks for adding actual subtitles for the Deaf

[@ccshello1]

Sharing what I know/learned: - The long distance transmission lines for a power distribution systems are 3-phase "3-wire" systems. These power grid designs are for efficient power distribution and at the same time, save cost. - There can be additional thinner lines situated at the highest points on the tower. They are mainly for lightning protection. These wires are too thin for neutral (N) line as return path. - The steel tower structure itself is grounded locally for Protective Earth (PE), but it is NOT for alternative path for Neutral. The earth (soil, rock, etc.) is never intended for Neutral "N" return path nor for 3-phase power imbalance. - 3-wire transmission line with no real physical Neutral wire in existence, I would call it a Delta system. My 2 cents.

[@RDJ0506]

Great video good explanation

[@welding.electronictech531]

Thank you so much...very informative,

[@GauravJ]

Glad it was helpful!

[@CNNamchoom]

The exact topic i was thinking of today!! 🤯

[@robleepetty05]

I was confused at first then the light bulb lit up when you explained the houses being unbalanced. Thanks!

[@wanlambokshadap4545]

I wish someone would have explained this to us the simple way like you did, Gauravji.... Renewed understanding key concepts: 1. Transmission n/w 2. Distribution n/w 3. Balanced/ Unbalanced load 4. Netral wire concept

[@joncov]

Thank you so much for the explanation :) Can 5:14 be used to conclude that neutral in the socket "is neutral" because it is connected to all 3 phases?

[@davidh.4649]

There isn't a neutral on the high voltage side for most single phase residential distribution in the U.S. The neutral that comes into the house is actually a center tap of the secondary side of the transformer winding. This gives us two opposite phases of 120V from each side of the secondary winding to the center tap, which is neutral. Across the entire secondary winding we get 120V + 120V = 240V, which we use to power higher power loads like stoves, clothes dryers, A/C compressor motors, etc. So the neutral in the house is just a construct of the center tapped secondary and is referenced to ground.

[@martf1061]

Exactly. But since its a single phase transformer ( using only one phase at the primary ) , it automaticaly unbalances the high voltage lines.

[@transmissionlinetricks9760]

Excellent work.pls make video on surge impedence loading of transmission lines

[@erickmartinsmxusca7562]

in the Primary distribution (high voltage network that leaves the substations for the distribution transformers) there is also no neutral, there are only the 3 phase cables at the top of the pole, because in the high and medium voltage, energy is a circuit isolated by transformers, requiring neutral only in low voltage (or secondary distribution)

[@kshred3043]

The three-phase star transformer is just 3 independent single phase transformers. The red primary only cares the currents on the red secondary. Let's take the extreme case where only the secondary of the red phase of the right hand transformer has a load and the other two secondaries have no loads (no current). Then the currents in the three right hand side primaries are certainly not balanced. Stating that the circuit you have drawn is 'independent' just means that it is floating, ie: the absolute voltages with respect to ground could be anything. It doesn't mean that it is balanced, and no actual explanation is given for that assertions. I am guessing that the star points at each end are grounded in actual transmission lines. I must be missing something here. Please enlighten me.

[@mikemallen9378]

Very nicely explained, thank you

[@thesky-f7n]

Good explained

[@GauravJ]

Glad it helped

[@robertabalungo]

Found this explanation useful as I'm preparing to enrol for PhD or Ms in Electrical Engineering

[@GauravJ]

all the best!!

[@WillTheFrozen]

So if a single line of threephase delta hvac is cut and the hot sidetouches the ground, i wont get shocked since theres is no connection with other phases and no neutral grounded like a star connection

[@hanslepoeter5167]

Why is the transmission line balanced ? If a phase has a different load on the distribution network it should reflect a different load on the respective transmission phase, causing an imbalance. I believe it does cause different voltages in different phases if no neutral is there. I think it is called a neutral shift and can cause problems. However, power can be distributed such that an unequal load is unlikely. For example a large industrial power consumer will have a balanced 3 phase load on the distribution network. Consumer homes likely present a small load. However, if all the people in homes on the R phase decide to use the washing machine at the same time, a neutral shift will happen and might cause problems.

[@andywong9354]

Can you explain when it is mandatory to have a grid tied inverter with a neutral and what is de function of the neutral of the grid tie inverter. And is it mandatory to have a grid tie inverter with neutral in case of a grid with a TT-system. Thanks

[@forrealforreal2451]

many thanks plz need to explain how as example in 11 kv lines with no potential difference and how different in the phoser works

[@skippyone3085]

Curious as to why you did not mention the neutral and Earth connection at the center point of the transformer on the distribution side.

[@TylerSmith-kt8rk]

Isn't integral to the explanation he is giving. Yes you would have your N to Ground connections to prevent floating voltages

[@imeprezime1285]

Very good question! Actually, mid points of stars on both sides can be grounded, and earth can play the role of neutral wire. But this is not usually done for the purposes of protection. Having grounded mid points and neutral wire is the best option

[@kondapallibhanuprakash]

but pratical balance load not possible in transmission load

[@vaibai5869]

why didn't you say anything about the return path of the current and N's role in that? sorry but also what does the "balanced" mean that you keep saying ?In your example of the houses you explained this differences in Current (Amps). So are we trying to balance current or voltage here?

[@5P3AM]

But why is a circuit that is unbalanced on the secondary side (distribution line), balanced on the primary side (transmission line)? I understand that they are independent of each other, but how?

[@johnburgess2084]

At 4:30, it looks like a circular argument. You're saying that the currents are balanced, BECAUSE the currents are balanced. The voltage waveforms are depicted, but does that mean the current waveforms are also balanced? But what if they are not balanced? Is that possible? Can an unbalanced load on the secondary of the downstream transformer cause an unbalance in the transmission line? I'm kind of thinking that BECAUSE there is no neutral, the currents are naturally balanced. Any "excess" or "shortage" of current in any phase is carried by the other 2 phases. In other words, the transmission line is self-balancing because, as you said at the start, the transmission lines are electrically isolated from the source and loads, and that's OK.

[@spelunkerd]

I'm used to looking up and recognizing the wye configuration for secondary output of residential transformers. One day I looked up and I think I recognized a delta output from a pole transformer going to an auto shop. How do they manage to get a neutral wire to serve the shop from a delta configuration? Was I mistaken?

[@Manananso]

what if the delta connection of transformer,are they having a neutral wire to comnect ?

[@georgejetson4378]

Interesting that you explain how the currents sum to zero by using a voltage vs. time diagram for the 3 phases. For clarity, you should have used a Current vs. time diagram instead.

[@Froggability]

My schooling taught: (for long distance transmission) =supply end as Star to provide centre-tap for earth purposes only; the downstream transformer as a delta winding as there’s no supply neutral anyway

[@ashritsai3744]

Superb explanation, thank you sir 👍

[@GauravJ]

You're most welcome

[@5Dale65]

If you have 3 phase power supply in your house, which is common in Europe and other places I believe, you can plug some devices that don't use the neutral wire at all. And they will work perfectly fine. One of them is a 3 phase motor. If you wire the windings in a delta pattern, you just hook up 3 phase wires to it and the neutral is completely not needed.

[@w1lkerze]

Why when we adding parallel power transmission lines the power angle decreases?

[@ethanlamoureux5306]

I have seen lots of distribution lines that are delta connected with, of course, no neutral. Some power companies use them a lot, and they used to be more common years ago. So I would not say that a neutral _must_ be used, but rather that a neutral is desirable for distribution lines. I’m not an electrical engineer, but I imagine that a distribution line with no neutral would need to be derated to a lower power carrying capacity than a similar line with a neutral, and also that more attention must be given to load balancing when designing the distribution network.

[@divyasai1482]

if secondary is unbalanced how can primary be balanced

[@pusalkombe3565]

Because the transmission circuit is electrically isolated from the distribution circuit. The first thing he said.

[@maurasanthony4566]

Enlighted by your analysis of this.Thanks.

[@thesilentrunner1460]

We can also calculate the value of the voltage with this equation v(t)=Vmax​sin(ωt+θ), knowing that phase two is shifted by 120 degrees relative to phase one, and the third phase is shifted by 240 degrees relative to the first; the sum gives zero."

[@2Sorts]

The reason is that the distribution system always feeds into a balanced load, ie, transformer windings.

[@SaurabhGupta-ns6qv]

How can you say that Iy and Ib are maximum at the same time . Whereas they are 120 seperated.

[@alessandroandrenacci2372]

I would add ... in the high voltage lines ( 420 KV ), the currents are not so hight ( Power = Voltage x Current ), and any difference ( or algebric sum ) among them is far more little ...

[@davepearce9135]

Looks like your drawing of P and S above the R line at the 2.12 min mark were incorrect. Primary is on the left not the right side and vices Versa.

[@pusalkombe3565]

Nope. He mean primary side of the shown secondary and vice versa. He's actually correct

[@aloysiocamposdapaz8041]

Thanks, you answered the exact question I had in mind!

[@AKMT-nc5fc]

Hi Sir, your videos are very helpful and informative, please also make a video about neutral ground resistors. Thank you sir

[@kaushikbairagya1268]

Which size of cable using in Transmission line?

[@SUPERMAN-kt3lr]

Sizes are mentioned as rabbit, wolf, panther , zebra, moose etc as per size

[@tedlahm5740]

How much current on the neutral in the given diagram?

[@mmaimn7489]

Transmission line -delta connection on power transformer while distribution line has a neutral cause star connection ?

[@rohitkamra3205]

sir in sending and recieving end in transmission t/f neutral grounding is done or necessary?

[@sureshdas4558]

thanks very good explained with quality.

[@GauravJ]

Glad it was helpful!

[@ramanjain1313]

Is the imbalance current flows through earth via neutral ? or only the earth fault current flows through the earth.? please explain.

[@jimcar53]

Thanks very much.

[@dimitriderop8822]

if secondary is unbalanced how can primary be balanced? ;)

[@mridulroy329]

Because primary is the main power station, secondary is distributor end at the sub station, so even if the secondary means substation unbalaced , the primary means power station doesn't effect.

[@danielberling2662]

Primary and secondary wiring are isolated in trasnformers, whatever shit happens in the second does not affect the primary winding. Remember in a tranformer there is no cable between primary and secondary widings, only a mahnetic field formed by the coil windinds of each side

[@bgold2007]

The diagram does not show max or min unless slight lag between voltage and current?

[@shaunclarke94]

If the distribution network is unbalanced, wouldn't the uneven loads between phases cause an imbalance in the transmission network?

[@martf1061]

I asked the same question. Logically, i think it does. From what i know, the power company uses the earth and also a wire on top of transmission lines poles tower as a return path to the main generator to even charges. The wire on top of pole towers is grounded, and his main purpose is to protect the power lines from getting hit by lightning. And also, if an airplane or helicopter happens to fall on the wires, it will hit this wire first.

[@SUPERMAN-kt3lr]

​@@martf1061The earth wire on top of Extra High Voltage line is only grounded . It does not provide any return paths. Yes the phases stay unbalanced in a line slightly but since the grid network is interconnected, it gets balanced.

[@sujal_kumar4169]

In 11KV , I have seen no neutral, but before substation why there are 6 wires? And at distribution (step down) transformer, how the neutral line is introduced, please explain the connections

[@SUPERMAN-kt3lr]

Neutral line comes from the star point of the transformer which is grounded at the transformer.

[@victoremmanuel1867]

THANK YOU

[@abdulbasith6948]

So we can use star connection without neutral?

[@benskban]

Nutral is not just for balancing the loads. Its important for return current to the source. To complete circuit. Thats why nutral is grounded at the transformer side. To provide easy path for current with lowest resistance to back to the source. At Distribution side of course.

[@niravsavaliya1995]

thank you brother

[@EmmanuelWilson-n3r]

Very nice

[@goaway9487]

The neutral doesn’t “ balance the loads” … if the loads are equally loaded you do not require a neutral at all. In a balanced system minus & plus values are equal so the neutral conductor will equal zero at all times. The neutral carries the remainder of the current in an unbalanced load. As per kerchov law that states what goes in must equal what comes out. The path of least resistance is the neutral, the general mass of the earth has a variable resistance & the neutral is a constant connection of a set resistance they don’t even compare in resistivity. So if you are waiting for the star point to earth to become the “ path of least resistance” then you have a very long wait before its value beats the neutral. SMH.😂

[@jelleroggen]

@@goaway9487 You cant balance the load. How wil you do that ? This only works ive you for sure the users only use balanced machines, like motors. But that never will be the case, only in end users line. The earth is the nul line, he explained it wrong

[@XetraRewop]

Search for Delta Wye Substation. The solution is in the substation transformers. They can do a bit of balancing. But engineers have to balance single phase going to subdivisions periodically to ensure the load is mostly balanced across the three phases.

[@convinemukidanyi864]

Thank you for the explanation

[@GauravJ]

Glad it was helpful!

[@fmashockie]

Awesome video! does that also go for sub-transmission lines (66kV)?

[@shivekramdhani8691]

Hi Gaurav, your videos are great. Please do a video about Transformers vectors group and why we need them.

[@GauravJ]

Thank you. Sure. Will try

[@Thomas-pz8zx]

Thanks, Gaurav for a great talk

[@rudolfkasanpawiro644]

I have a question. I need to operate a waterpomp(2Hp/ 1 phase) at a distance of 100m on my land for agriculture. Can I use one single wire for load and at the end use a grounding wire that is connected to a 10 ft copper earthing rod on the spot as Neutral wire? So I don't have to use double wire for the 100m distance.

[@niravsavaliya1995]

you can but dont use any earth protection device only u can use one switch for operation.

[@dg7197]

I'm going to say NO.

[@andrewwebb4635]

What’s the thin wire at the top of the pylons for, please? I’d always thought that was the neutral which could be light because it wasn’t carrying much current. Is it just a lightning conductor, then?

[@Fernando_S]

It's not the neutral wire and it's not connected to the transformer of that high voltage line. That's a shield for the pylons against lightning strikes. They are grounded for this reason. Some of them are OPGW cables (optical ground wires) and are made of optical fibers in the center, surrounded by steel and aluminum. It provides communication between electrical power plants.

[@andrewwebb4635]

Thanks, that’s clear now.

[@spencersmith7266]

Thank you, GJ.

[@waynearnoldCanada]

at around 5:11 you state from the graph that the current shown is zero when in fact this graph is showing voltage not current. So the voltage is zero at 360 and if no voltage, then there is no current. Semantics but the graph is VOLTAGE over time, nothing shown indicates what the current is.

[@onetwozerojourney]

Thanks. Good information for a learner of electricity

[@GauravJ]

Thanks for watching

[@azrinaz8993]

How about PE / Earth conductors, why is it not needed in transmission?

[@jawahar5431]

Sir i have a doupt. In between the transmission line there is no neutral because its a delta connection, but if any fault comes in the transmission line like transient what will happen then

[@GauravJ]

the circuit breaker will open that circuit.

[@muhammedarifm722]

Star delta configuration is always used. If lighting current enters the line how it get earthed if it is deta delta configuration.

[@nasyrdengshatjingshai2103]

Nice ,,well done sir

[@GauravJ]

Thank you 😊

[@nsb-official210]

Hello sir! I would like to ask you a question about Parallel transformer. How can 2 transformers be parallel to each other? And how many point it can be parallel?

[@RR42636]

hello your questios make no sense pls try again

[@marshallstephens7356]

Thanks for making this video!

[@GauravJ]

Glad it was helpful!

[@rupaliranaleaderdevotee]

6:40 Neutral is needed in distribution system because it is not balanced=we can not control the load

[@jamesspash5561]

In addition, faults also register as phase imbalances, so in addition to ground return faults the protective devises also watch phase imbalance.

[@shadowwalker4633]

Balance is 1 the second is there is no need for phase distribution which means no neutral to close the cicuit thats why delta is used in first place - 3 phase motors dont need a neutral cuz they are balanced loads as well

[@H750S]

Question…if increasing the load on the secondary or a transformer also causes an increase in current on the primary of the transformer. Why would there not be an imbalance on the primary side going to the substation is the secondary side of the three phases leaving the substation could have an unbalanced load? Or am I misunderstanding how a load on the secondary effects primary current in a transformer?

[@GauravJ]

Load on the secondary does not affect the primary!! Ps - yes there will be an impact on the primary due to changes in the load on the secondary.

[@H750S]

@@GauravJ Thank you for the reply. I’m just still a little confused since prior to this video I have read as well have seen videos explaining the effects of secondary current and secondary back emf actually cancelling some of the primary windings back emf which in turn causes an increase in current in the primary winding. It seemed to make sense and now I am learning something else that is new so I am just trying to make sense of it. It seems as though there are some transformers where the secondary affects primary current but in the case of three phase high voltage transmission lines to a substation it is not the case? Not sure if having secondary neutral and primary neutral bonded makes any difference or not (referring to single bushing transformers supplying power to homes here in the US) i’m not doubting you so I’m sorry if it’s coming across that way, just trying to learn. Seems as though the more I learn, the more I realize how ignorant I am lol.

[@atubebuff]

@@GauravJ If I have a simple transformer and the secondary suddenly draws more watts because of increased load, wouldn't the primary also be supplying an increased amount of watts? So if the distribution side secondary has different loads on the respective phases wouldn't that translate to different loads on the respective primaries and make the transmission side unbalanced?

[@russellteejaymolina6736]

I totaly agree, when there is a fault on the secondary side of a transformer, that fault will reflect as a high current also in the primary side causing its protection cut out assembly to disengaged. Thus secondary load changes affect the primary circuit of the primary. This is true for every transformer, single phase or three phase,low voltage or high voltage,however in the distribution side,which is a wye configuration,the utility company make sure that load distribution to each phases are balance as possible as they can to minimized imbalances, it will not be perfectly balance since the use of every household,commercial and industries are variable. However placement of transformers particularly single phase are arranged in a manner to minimized imbalances back to utility main three phase transformer.the utilit transformer is usually configured delta primay at 69kV for example while its secondary is wye at say 13.2KV with grounded neutral for single phase loads and will carry the minimized unbalance current back to utility transformer. This minimized unbalance load will have very small effect on the 69KV delta side of the utility transformer, and basically this 69Kv is supplied by powergrid say 230/69KV transformer which has wye-delta configuration. That any minimized imbalances at the 69KV will be even minimized further down back to the generating stations by the succeeding high capacity power transformers.Hence for the wye configured 230KV side with no neutral conductor along those line currents are almost balance, The high Line voltage will even make the imbalances if there is such to have insignificant effect on the three phase voltages even there is no neutral conductor connecting the two sides of the distant transformer of the power grid and the distribution or the utility company. The higher the transmission voltage the better to use wye with no neutral to save coil insulation for the transformer due to line voltage divide by square root of 3, rather than a delta configured that the phase voltage will be equal to line voltage hence it will require thicker insulation for the coils. This are only few considerations in the design to use wye or delta in the high voltage transmission lines. So wye or delta can be possible configuration in high voltage transmission lines because the three phases are almost balance in terms of their line currents.

[@wanderer_Aviee]

Since load and source are connected with transmission line, if load is unbalanced in power system does it also makes lines unbalanced or not ??

[@GauravJ]

No. It does not.

[@konstantinparchevsky2031]

But how do you connect balanced transmission line to unbalanced distribution line? Where do you connect N in the unbalanced distribution line? To the ground? Then we still have 4 lines in the transmission line: 3 wires and ground that carries N.

[@okaro6595]

You do not connect them. You use transformers.

[@hoangthanh4259]

Good video, thank you for sharing

[@GauravJ]

Glad you enjoyed it

[@ferhatnusreturuc1809]

how can be balanced transmission line when the distribution side is unbalanced.?

[@ahmedmuhshin4947]

He explained it in the video. the transmission line is electrically "isolated" from the load imbalance sides.