GCSE Biology - Digestive System #18

[@Cognitoedu]

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[@adhamahmed2819]

Thank you for this video! When the bile neutralises the acid from the stomach when all the food goes next to the duodenum what condition does it make? and since the small intestine makes all 3 types of enzymes, does that mean they all work at the same type of Ph conditions? If so, is it acidic or alkali conditions? Thank you!

[@Cognitoedu]

Heya! The pH in the duodenum is slightly acidic still, but not very as the bile neutralises most of the stomach acid. Yep the enzymes from the pancreas can all work at around the same pH Hope that helps! :)

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This is an amazing and very easy to understand video. I really like the diagrams. Thanks for taking out your time, in order to make this brilliant video :)

[@ahmadqayum5672]

Does the amylase just break down carbohydrates and similarly pepsin breaks down just proteins? Thank you

[@22techinfo]

The idea of the lock and key hypothesis, so only a particular enzyme can bind to a particular molecule.

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[@orakbabama1.0]

1:27 oesophagus you mean??

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[@lukeshnawani7397]

2:34 you got one thing wrong here. Liver produces bile whereas gall bladder stores bile.

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3:05

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[@abdelrahmananbar6286]

Great video, but I would like to point out that most of the water is absorbed by the small intestine, rather than the large intestine.

[@Cognitoedu]

Hi Ash, that's true, thanks for that - but the primary role of the large intestine is to reabsorb water, which is why the GCSE course focuses on the idea that large intestine is for water reabsorption.

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should there be a y in carbohdrates in 0:48

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No

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[@emaanfaruki6846]

notes if u need: Digestive system: - To function humans need energy, carbohydrates (starch and glucose), proteins and fats - Digestion breaks down food holding these so we can absorb it in our body cells - Physical breakdown and chemical breakdown (enzymes) - food...Mouth...physical...chewing -saliva (salivary glands)...amylase enzyme which breaks down carbohydrates - Next swallow ... Esophagus... Stomach... Contracts it's muscular walls in order to push the food around and mix ... Produces pepsin which breaks down protein... Produces hydrochloric acid which kills bacteria and provides the right environment for the pepsin to work - After around an hr in the stomach... Food squeezed to small intestine... Nutrients Absorbed to bloodstream...Produces enzymes to and digestion (the pancreas produces pancreatic juices into the small Intestines and also the gall blader which holds produced bile that's from the liver (alkaline) which neutralizes the acid from the stomach which makes it more ideal for the enzymes to function and it emulsifies fats - helps break but blobs of fat into tiny droplets ) - Once foods digested into lots of small pieces it's absorbed along the lining of the small intestine straight into the bloodstream ( lining of intestine is a exchange surface which has lots of Villi which increase the surface area of the small intestine which means digested food can be absorbed to bloodstream more quickly, also villi have only single layer of surface cells which means nutrients only diffuse a short distance

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Great video. keep up the hard work.

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I have a question what right enviorment do we need for the pepsin to work ?

[@ovidiuclopotaru5929]

idk :/

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Abit late but I'm pretty sure the right environment is hydrochloric acid which the stomach produces

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[@CauseOfBSOD]

0:35 pretty sure it's spelt "carboh*y*drates". If it is, then that's a typo. If it isn't, then I need to revise more.

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You are very correct, sorry about that 😅

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just realised i made the exact same comment again when re-revising! (i deleted the new one)

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i have one question does the pancreas produces enzymes like protease,amylase and lipase or the stomach produces these?

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Heya, yes the pancreas does produce all of those enzymes, and then it releases them into the small intestines. The stomach only releases protease enzymes :)

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good luck !!

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I love this summary

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cognito when i watch his videos on incognito:

[@bruh_bie]

um I'm sorry if this sounds rude but the spelling is oesophagus, especially used cambridge curriculums

[@Cognitoedu]

Thanks for the heads up! This is on our list to fix 🤦‍♂️

[@IshowspeednoobEvan16]

It’s okay

[@emmanuelmaximus2174]

hey cognito, at 0:35 you made a mistake, Carbohydrates not Carbohdrates

[@Cognitoedu]

Thanks - noted 👍

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WOOOW..my teacher is OK but he could NEVER

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Biology GCSE in an hour...

[@ChessQuickiesEcon]

hi... just to point out, u spelt carbohydrates wrong: 0:29 thx for the vid

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I think the syllabus in the next decade (2030s) will be very difficullt. COZ everyone is gonna get an A* due to youtubers like u and Cambridge will increase the difficulty