GEOPOLYMER - A Selection of Rock Solid Wonders from Natural Kaolin

[@ItWasIn84]

I appreciate your videos. I've been very interested in this. Have you experimented with organic indigo dye pigment and palygorskite clay? I hear the indigo dye gets trapped in the needle-like tubes of the clay and has great electrical properties of some sort. It would be great to see you experiment with that some day.

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hello! Thank you for your comment and suggestion; I really appreciate it, as I'm always searching for interesting topics to create videos about. So far, I haven't worked with many pigments, but it's something I've been considering from time to time. I've made a note of it so I don't forget amidst all my ideas. Which type of indigo are you referring to? The synthetic one, the natural one, or the green leaf powder? Have a good one! Best, Patrick

[@jons6355]

Hello, very good video and I appreciate you bringing this knowledge and skill to the people. I tried to support you by bring your book in English but when I clicked the link it took my to the Dutch/german version. I could go search and buy it separate from your site but I would rather follow a link provided by you in case you could make a commission from the sale also. Please let me know when you are able to resolve the link. Jon

[@cherylm2C6671]

Thank you for sharing your video and experiments. The foamed ceramic got my attention especially, so it will be a working out of ratios. But it looks like something could come together quickly. It's good work!

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Thanks for your support. Have a good one!

[@giuseppelunardon327]

Hola,me encanta lo que estás demostrando con los experimentos, casualidad que estoy buscando información sobre los geo-polimeros en un proyecto,en tus libros existe información para crear geo-polimeros con tierra roja? tierra compuesta por muchas partículas de óxido de hierro. Estaría muy agradecido en una respuesta. Otra pregunta:los libros que tienes a la venta también están disponibles en español o italiano? Gracias y saludos

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hello Giuseppe! Thank you for your question and interest in my or our work. In general, iron oxides hinder the polymerisation reaction. Not in all cases, but most. A lot of raw materials can polymerize into a solid, but most of them show a far smaller strength than if you would use just fly ash or metakaolin. That means you need more of the material with the smaller strength. That could be fixed by using hybrid materials like 50% your red soil with 50% metakaolin, etc. The most important thing is to conduct numerous experiments. There is really no way around it. Currently, I have them only in German and English language. I'd like to publish them in Spanish and/or Italian, but that won't happen anytime soon. Much success! Pat

[@Memry-Man]

Awesome, would love to see some demonstrations of strength?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hey, good idea! I'm working on more content but its a lot of work. I hope in the future I have more time or resources for publishing content and books. But its really a good idea!

[@lostvisitor]

@@Advanced_Materials_Publishing I agree. it is really pointless to make the stuff if it has the strength of an egg shell.

[@heartobefelt]

@@Advanced_Materials_Publishing Testing compressive strength would be a rather essential aspect of publishing a book on structural material recipe formulations ?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

​@@heartobefelt What truly fascinated me back then wasn't just analyzing data in a table, but actually witnessing and feeling how a stone could be formed from a bit of dirt and liquids in just one day. For those genuinely interested in making geopolymer concrete, it's essential to experiment with their own mixes and raw materials. In the end, this video is a brief, freely shared concept and not a promotional advertisement for a material suitable for building a house.

[@HomeEngineer-wm5fg]

Thank you for your video.

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Thank you for your attention!

[@Rachmat-v8n]

Your foamed geopolymer👍👍👍👍

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

@@Rachmat-v8n thanks Rachmat for being (in) the community 💪💚👍 have a good one!

[@cristianx9581]

Guter Beitrag.

[@s3al3v0]

What’s happened in the case put these samples in water? I made some in the cold weather and some more water besides the quantity weight as formula because of too dry to mix ,they couldn’t harder ,they were still fluid,when I got them to heat,they were harder but absorbed water and broken .

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hello! The geopolymer samples are resistant to boiling water, as my first and go-to test is the boiling water test. This involves leaving the samples in boiling water for over 30 minutes. If the samples do not disaggregate, it's quite likely that the geopolymerization reaction was successful. A sample only bound by hardened waterglass would fall apart. I've made a note to create a video about this boiling water test-it's easy to do and provides valuable insights. Thanks for the idea! Best, Patrick

[@s3al3v0]

@@Advanced_Materials_Publishing thanks for replying.Looking forward to some news .

[@RossRadford]

Is your foaming agent sodium silicate and boric acid?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

No, it is metal powders like aluminium. So actually the one I used is another one which I keep a secrete. But aluminium works. Have you used boric acid in such a way?

[@AdamZinzan]

How did these materials behave? I’m curious about how brittle they become if I did a larger sheet? Like those thin tiles you have in this video if they were larger, would they easily crack in half like plaster if they were bent or are they pretty solid more like plastic?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hello Adam! Good question. They are not like plastics, they are rather like something in between of a ceramic and a concrete. They resist well against compressive forces but less well against flexural forces. To enhance the latter you can add fibers the the kind you'd add to concrete. All of them are more or less ok, they just need to be resistive against alkalies (AR-glass fiber, plastics of many kinds, hemp, flax, whiskers, but not basalt fibers). Make a lot of samles, like 15 or 20 smaller ones each time for some while and in no time you'll have a good feeling for the material. Then add constant research, like 20 min each day, and you'd good to go. Small hint: What performes good in standard concrete oftentime performes even better in geopolymer. Best. Pat

[@mikepetitange8001]

Hi from Hamburg. Interesting to find someone interested in Geopolymers in DACH. It will be nice to catch up some time and fiscuss the details.

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hallo Mike, thanks for your comment. Sounds good to me! Best, Pat

[@m3sca1]

pre-etch your river sand in a lye solution to remove staining and increase bonding to the aggregate. can you give details on the phos acid geopolymer please? I would like to reproduce.

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hello there! Good idea with the etching! Thank you. I have published three (plus two) recipes in the formulations book. The Kindle edition is quite affordable. However, I should mention that phosphorus is likely to become more and more expensive. In the end, if we were to use phosphorus-based geopolymers (P-GPs) on a large scale, poorer countries might face difficulties. If we were to buy a lot, it would increase the prices, potentially making fertilizers less accessible for these nations. Best, Pat

[@lewisleonard7200]

How did the Maya do it?

[@G_lions]

I love the look of your geopolymers especially the one with the foaming agent. Is there any chane you can post the english one to a UK address or French address?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

He G_lions! Thanks for your question. But I have one myself: What do you mean with "post the english one"? My question is just post what and post where, which platform? Best, Pat

[@G_lions]

@@Advanced_Materials_Publishing Hey, I was asking about your book and an English translation as Amazon uk wouldn't post to the uk. I used the link you gave in the other video and It worked. I now have a English version of your book! Thanks!

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

@@G_lions Cool! Thanks for the purchase ! And the insight that in some areas people might have problems with finding it. Best, Pat

[@coeniebre]

add 5% very fine Al powder

[@coeniebre]

what xan I do to prevent effllorecence ?

[@robcoyle5011]

Have you tried marble dust and to carve it after it’s cured?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hey Rob (I assume), marble dust is CaCO3, a sort of lime. That can be used but wont harden/cure by itself, so only as aggregates. But the properties seem to be good, when used as filler. Fine material on the other hand can cause problems in concretes and that like. It love to give some GP material to a stone carver and learn from him if this works well for him, but haven't done it yet. Best, Pat

[@mikepetitange8001]

Hi Patrick. I wanted to buy one of your books for simple formulations. Is your book English on the basics as the one eith recipes in German ?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hello! The book about formulations is available in English and German language: www.amazon.de/Basic-Geopolymer-Formulations-Environmentally-High-Performance/dp/B0CH2NZDHP/

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

On this page you can see all the ones, I published. More are coming up. Wish you a good time. Thanks! www.amazon.de/stores/Patrick-M%C3%BCller/author/B09R6JX49M?ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true

[@burkhardkiehne7859]

Do you think that aluminum powder alone can foam geopolymer?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Yes, it can. But pay attention when you buy it. I know of people (Amazon comments) who got problems with the police or FEDs because Al powder is very reactive and one can make explo*ives from it.

[@prototype9000]

kaolin clay can be found just about anywhere in the world its nothing special to make kaolin clay just have to heat it up 1500 degrees to remove the water bound to it then mix it with sodium silicate some lime and and aggregate thats it

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

@@prototype9000 very brief: No. If you heat it at 1500 °C your kaoline is complete useless, it's then called a fireclay and can only be made reactive again by hydrothermal means. you probably meant 1500 degree Fahrenheit (95% of the world uses the centigrade scale) which would just be right for kaoline (actually for the kaolinite in it). Sorry bro, if you do not pay attention to if it is Celsius or Fahrenheit you would produce nothing. There is also not one kind of sodium silicate and not one kind of kaoline, both are a whole field of expertise by themself, mastered by only a surprisingly small number of people in the world and none of them would tell it's easy or simple.

[@prototype9000]

@Advanced_Materials_Publishing if you heated it to 1500c you would end up making glass just about 1500 f is all you need to get the water out of it to make it into a meta kaolin between 650 and 700 °C High-reactivity metakaolinIt is formed by calcining purified kaolinite, generally between 650 and 700 °C in an externally fired rotary kiln.

[@americanwoman6246]

​@@Advanced_Materials_Publishing, hi, I have a couple questions about diorite Geopolymer, is that some thing you would be willing and able to discuss briefly... When ever you have time... Please. And thank you.

[@amarq1509]

Have you ever used slaked lime in the mix? Does it add to compressive strength? Also, what does adding NaCarb do to the finished product?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

I did one with Ca(OH)2 which works but takes quite long until it cures. That is like the Romans did their cement. With sodium carbonate I wanted to do some experiments since you can buy it in the drugstore. In general the waterglass-NaOH "activators" are the most promising ones. Anyways, I cant tell right now how it alters the characteristics. Cheers. Pat

[@amarq1509]

@@Advanced_Materials_Publishing What are your thoughts on what Davidovits calls AAM's?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

@@amarq1509 Hey mate! Thanks for your comment or question! In general, I view it in the same way. If there is no polymeric framework, it cannot be called a geoPOLYMER. Just alkali hydroxides plus fly ash, for instance, is not a mixture which performs polymerization, in most cases. It is rather a way to synthesize crystalline zeolites. In my opinion, people use language like AAMs or even worse NASH or KASH gels because they do not have the proper knowledge. There is one particular field of research which deals with all these substances, materials, etc., and that is chemistry. Without paying attention to chemistry, it is not possible to understand geopolymers. I think people who use AAM language in scientific literature instead of only when chatting or so should consequently name Portland cement an alkali earth activated material. Soap, for instance, would be alkali-activated vegetable oil. Rather ridiculous, isn't it? But if people want to do it this way, I don't care too much. If hobbyists, workers, and the like use AAM as a synonym for geopolymer, then so be it. But in scientific writings, people should refrain from using made-up terms and words. Sure, "geopolymer" is also kind of made up, but they literally consist of what the earth's crust consists of to 85%, so the term "geo" is appropriate, and, when well made, they have a polymeric framework. Best! Patrick

[@VenturaIT]

@@Advanced_Materials_Publishing is the pyramid stone in davidovits first video AAM or geopolymer?

[@robertjsands]

Very nice tests! Which one do you think is the most likely to be used to build houses/replace concrete?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hello! Commercial GPs are mostly made from slag and fly ash. MK-based are too expensive at the moment. They all claim that they want to save the world but in reality is all about the price (which is ok). On the other hand MK-based can reach a higher strength more easily, so to speak. So building purposes it is fly ash and slag and for decorative purposed or cold-curing ceramics, it is MK. But the industry oftertimes try to hide what the really do... :) Best, Patrick

[@heartobefelt]

@@Advanced_Materials_Publishing Australia had massive quantities of Fly Ash that they couldnt give away , but after i enquired about sourcing it the cement suppliers panicked and locked up the source to protect OPC ....

[@VenturaIT]

the simple pyramid stone from the davidovits main and first video would be best, just make big limestone blocks with a hole down the center for rebar... or you can buy natural limestone blocks and go from there, people make houses out of natural limestone blocks already

[@michaelpudney]

Try using diatomaceous earth instead of quarts powder(large surface area substance).. Also try calcium silicate in the mix. In geopolymers one needs a calcium and potassium or sodium source together with diatomaceous earth IMO for best results. Also there are a class of geopolymer that needs a little heat to set, these are interesting to experiment with as well. Finally there are catalysts that make the bonding better like a little iron pyrites for example.

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hey Michael, thanks for your suggestions. The experiments with diatomaceous earth we performed in the university didn't work and then I rather persuade other projects. I have a hugh list of cuing projects on which I want to work first. Do you have some literature on the pyrite catalyst or so? Best, Pat

[@michaelpudney]

@@Advanced_Materials_Publishing My experience is with higher temp setting geopolymers, using less reactive stuff, not water glass, so adding a iron pyrite catalyst to a mixture of cream of tartar (potassium source) diatomaceous earth(silica source), wollastonite (calcium silicate and calcium source) and kaolin clay and water, produced a nice pink geopolymer(pink granite compositing type) that was nice and hard after being cooked in an oven to remove the water and fired in a wood fire. The iron pyrite catalyst was just an experiment I read somewhere it can be used as a catalyst but I forget where.

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

​@@michaelpudney No prob. Still good input of yours. Kind of why I'm doing this 👍🙂 The German name for cream of tartar is by the way "Weinstein" which litterally means "wine stone" or "stone of wine". Have a good one! Pat

[@metincetin2980]

​@@Advanced_Materials_PublishingI want to produce a lightweight wall with a weight of 450 kg cubic meters and a compressive strength of 1.5 megapascals with 200 kg fly ash, 200 kg portlant cement and protein foam but fly ash causes the blocks to come out of the mold very late and even after 3 days I still hear soft advice if there is I would like. Best regards, a young entrepreneur loved by nature

[@imanmaghsoudi]

Does this formula work work large size parts using fiber glass molds?

[@victorboucher675]

I like

[@BeachBum51050]

I'd like to see GPC used or demonstrated in poured foundations. I am building a home in 2 years (maybe less) and I want to use GPC. Something other than 3D printed homes which seem rinky-dink.

[@okshadowbannedjet7981]

a 7:53 there is this bubble crater at the lower part of the cast - it reminds me of the sacsayhuaman snake

[@wilmarandrade7839]

Hello Patrick. I am Wilmar Andrade, I am Colombian but I have lived in Quebec, Canada for 25 years. I am very interested in buying your books but I do not speak German or English, only Spanish and French.... Taking advantage of AI I can translate documents with great precision. I am very interested in your books and I would like to buy them but it would take me a long time to translate them.... I would like to know if you have those books in .PDF and I can pay for them via PayPal or eTransfer or other means that you have. PDF would save me all the time in the world to translate it into Spanish. Please let me know... I want to compare some of your data with. Those of Joseph Davidovits

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hello Wilmar, Thank you for your interest in my work. Unfortunately, all rights to my books currently belong to the publisher, and I am not permitted to distribute PDFs or other unauthorized copies. Amazon has a strict policy against copyright infringement, and authors who violate these rules risk having their accounts terminated and being permanently banned from the platform. They enforce these rules strictly because copyright violations were rampant in the past. While I cannot provide PDFs directly, you may be able to convert the ebook version into a PDF format for personal use. However, I'm not certain if this would be considered a permitted use under Amazon's terms of service, so I would advise caution. If you're interested in accessing my work, I would suggest purchasing the ebook version of the book you're interested in, such as the formulations book which is available at a lower price point. I recommend the English versions, as those are the most up-to-date editions. My plan is to publish translations into other languages once I've completed this current book project, which I hope to achieve by early 2028. I hope you have a wonderful day. Best regards, Patrick

[@wilmarandrade7839]

@@Advanced_Materials_Publishing Hi Patrick. Thank you for answering me, I already bought your books electronically and I already translated the book that is in German... it looks very similar to the English version... I have them in PDF and they are for personal use only. I believe they are very interesting, I congratulate you on your research work. My intention is to create an artistic movement here in Edmonton, Canada, where we can use an alternative to concrete. I have a series of artistic pieces that I personally want to make in geopolymers.... and I will thank you because you are the reason for this work, thank you Bro and have a good day. Wilmar

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

@@wilmarandrade7839 Hey there! Thanks for the kind words, I appreciate it. Artistic movement sounds really cool! If you want to use more geopolymers in your projects, I'd suggest taking some time to experiment. You could mix up a bunch of different batches and use those little plastic sample holders with lids from Amazon. They're like 0.1 liters in size. Make like 20 different mixes, one for each sample holder, and keep them all at around 68°F (20°C). Then, over the next few days, just poke them with something pointy to see if they've cured. Generally, a geopolymer that hardens within the first 24 hours is a good one. The ones that take longer are usually lower quality. But curing times can vary based on the exact mix and conditions. Feel free to hit me up with questions. I don't check social media every day, so it might take me a couple of days to get back to you. But I'm happy to help out where I can. Keep up the good work!

[@PaulPassarelli]

FWIW: what you've showed here could just be Plaster of Paris.

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Yeah, many mineral materials look the same. For most people all the stones for instance look exactly the same. In my upcoming book there will be an detailed explanation whats the difference between plaster of Paris and GPs 👍

[@zaratustra3646]

How come nobody has tried to create a polymer with desert sand for construcción, it is so abundant a cheap?

[@prototype9000]

it can be done has been done but its heavily suppressed knowledge because of big business lobbying to keep itout of search engines and out of public knowledge

[@VenturaIT]

try it and let use know how it goes

[@MegaFrankels]

because its expensive to transport from the Sahara to where you need the sand. Sometimes sand is in the news "sand shortage in construction". Well, there's plenty of sand but if you have to drive 1000 miles to get it, and you usually need a lot of it, you're spending all your money on gas.

[@marekkucak6581]

Is this how pyramids were build?

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

Hey MarekkuCake, kind of. I think if then, they used limestones as aggregates which naturally contain kaolinite in this area and along with naturally accouring soda, maybe more ingrediences, they made the stones. If you are interestet do the following: Watch or observe walls made from synthetic rocks like fired bricks and others made of stacked natuirally rocks. What to you you thinks if you compare? :) Best, Patz

[@marekkucak6581]

@@Advanced_Materials_Publishing Stones in pyramids or Inca structures seem to be melted or plastic. There no space in between them. But they are stones. It would be logical if there are indeed geo polymers. Softened stone molded and then solidified.

[@Advanced_Materials_Publishing]

@@marekkucak6581 Yeah, it's pretty likely they used some kind of liquid stuff that hardened up later. I'm thinking it was an early version of concrete because we know for sure ancient folks had these kinds of materials. If you've got the right ingredients, it's not that hard to make. Take the Pantheon and Colosseum in Rome - they're scientifically provable made of similar stuff. And we know the Egyptians and Romans bumped into each other, so they might've swapped some building tricks... I've read about modern concrete workers checking out the pyramids. A bunch of them say it's pretty obvious to them that some parts were poured or packed down, not just stacked up with big stones. I think people love this story of the super villan pharaos with their thousends of slaves... Have a good one! Pat

[@fontenbleau]

Have you heard SETI project found alien activity far away? Prof Simon Holland leaked that on his channel. Found in 2019.