GNSS Meteorologija

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Program Meteo GNSS se zasniva na konceptu segmentacije vremena i koristi tri periodicnosti za temperaturu vazduha i dve za pritisak globalnih klimatskih promena koristeci Wexlerovu formulaciju.
Ulazni podatak moze biti sa ortometrijskom i / ili elipsoidnom visinom kao i sa lokalnim datumom i vremenom i / ili Modifikovanim Julijanskim danom.
Racunica se zasniva na globalnim matematickim satnim grid reziduala modelima za temperaturu, pritisak i vlaznost vazduha.
Rezultati koje mozete dobiti su :
Pritisak (P, hPa),
Temperaturu vazduha (T, K),
Relativnu vlaznost (RV, %),
Srednju temperaturu (Tm, K),
Suvu komponentu troposfere (ZHD, m),
Vlaznu komponentu troposfere (ZWD, m),
Kolicinu vodene pare u atmosferi (PWV, m) i
Ukupnu komponentu troposfere.
Elektromagnetni talasi emitovani sa satelita, prilikom prolaska kroz atmosferu, podlozni su kolicini elektrona u jonosferi kao i gustini neutralnih atoma i molekula u troposferi. Ovaj efekat se posmatra kao odstupanje u putanji izazvano merenjem vremena putovanja, sto rezultuje povecanjem duzine putanje. Interakcija slobodnih elektrona i mikrotalasa je disperzivna, sto znaci da zavisnost jonosferskog kasnjenja zavisi od frekvencije signala. Ukupno kasnjenje u troposferi moze se dobiti sa visokom preciznoscu iz obrade signala Globalnog navigacionog satelitskog sistema (GNSS) u zenitnom pravcu i mapirati na bilo koji dat pravac pod odredjenim uglom elevacije koristeci funkciju mapiranja. Generalno se deli na dva dela kasnjenja: zenitno hidrostaticko kasnjenje (ZHD), takođe poznato kao suvo kasnjenje, i nehidrostaticko kasnjenje, takodje poznato kao zenitno vlazno kasnjenje (ZWD).
Hidrostaticko kasnjenje uzrokovano je suvim gasovima prisutnim u atmosferi i moze se modelovati koristeci temperaturu i pritisak vazduha na povrsini. Vlazno kasnjenje (izuzetno tesko tacno odrediti zbog varijabilnosti vodene pare u prostoru i vremenu), uzrokovano vodenom parom i kondenzovanom vodom prisutnom u oblacima, odgovara razlici izmedju ukupnog kasnjenja i modeliranog hidrostatickog kasnjenja.
The GNSS Weather Program is based on the concept of time segmentation and utilizes three periodicities for air temperature and two for global climate change pressure using Wexler's formulation.
Input data can be with orthometric and/or ellipsoidal height as well as with local date and time and/or Modified Julian Date.
The computation is based on global mathematical hourly grid residual models for temperature, pressure, and air humidity.
The results you can obtain are:
Pressure (P, hPa),
Air temperature (T, K),
Relative humidity (RV, %),
Mean temperature (Tm, K),
Dry tropospheric component (ZHD, m),
Humidity tropospheric component (ZWD, m),
Amount of water vapor in the atmosphere (PWV, m), and
Total tropospheric component.
Electromagnetic waves emitted from satellites, when passing through the atmosphere, are subject to the amount of electrons in the ionosphere as well as the density of neutral atoms and molecules in the troposphere. This effect is observed as a deviation in the trajectory caused by the measurement of travel time, resulting in an increase in path length. The interaction of free electrons and microwaves is dispersive, meaning that the dependence of ionospheric delay depends on the frequency of the signal. Total delay in the troposphere can be obtained with high precision from the processing of signals from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in the zenith direction and mapped to any given direction at a certain elevation angle using a mapping function. Generally, it is divided into two parts of delay: zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD), also known as dry delay, and non-hydrostatic delay, also known as zenith wet delay (ZWD).
Hydrostatic delay is caused by dry gases present in the atmosphere and can be modeled using air temperature and pressure at the surface. Wet delay (extremely difficult to accurately determine due to the variability of water vapor in space and time), caused by water vapor and condensed water present in clouds, corresponds to the difference between total delay and modeled hydrostatic delay.
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