Building a Digital Music Player with I2S?! What is I2S! EB#45

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docs.espressif.com/projects/e...
• ESP32 | INMP441 | Tuto...
hackaday.io/project/162059-st...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C2%B2S
In this video I will show you how to build a digital music player with the help of the I2S interface. That means I will show you how I2S works and how we can use it with the ESP32. Along the way I will also show you how to use an I2S audio amplifier board and an I2S microphone. Let's get started!
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Music:
2011 Lookalike by Bartlebeats

[@__mk_km__]

6:38 Looks like you interpreted the signed 16 bit value returned by the mic as an unsigned one.

[@makermatrix9815]

Maybe that would explain the clipping in his result. I was looking through comments to see an explaination. This could be it.

[@zhouzhiwen8740]

You are right.

[@joselaw6669]

A small cap in the output could fix that.

[@TheGitGuild]

Finally a crystal clear explanation of I2S!

[@greatscottlab]

You're welcome :-)

[@atomictraveller]

@@greatscottlab here's a really good video idea: HOW TO MAKE VCO SINE. tiny arduinos aren't fast enough. circuits that support variable pitch are complex. i am not an electronics expert but i am a sound expert. i want to make a sine. i don't want to spend $30 in parts ot make a sine. i want a sine. give me a sine. someone make a video on how to make variable pitch sine oscillator with few and inexpensive parts. i don't want to include an incandescant bulb in the circuit. i just want a sine oscillator i can change the pitch of across the audio range. i will measure it with an arduino. i don't want a sine with a static pitch. i don't want to control it with MIDI. i just want to plop a potentiometer, on a circuit, and output a sine wave of variable frequency. how is this so complicated? i have 20+ years of audio dsp. i know a T bridge circuit will produce a sine because its an elementary structure parallelled in dsp. where th eufck are the fucking cheap to build sine oscillators? what the fucking fuck? why the fuck can;t people understand that you would want an oscillator with a variable pitch and a sine contour/spectrum? how does this not happen in electronics, which is just physics? i don't want three phase power. i don't want a 741 op amp. i want cheap ass parts, as few as possible. i want to do this shit. i'm fucking fifty i should have done it thirty years ago. fucking hell. it's just one frequency.

[@TooSlowTube]

@@atomictraveller Did you get anywhere with your sine generator? Basically, you need a couple of tables of constants, which could be filled in by calculations when it boots up, and a variable slope ramp / saw wave generator, which is used as an index into the sine table. 1) Calculate a step value, based on the ADC value from the pot, maybe using a lookup table to speed things up, if you want something like V/octave scaling. 2) In your main loop, keep adding that step to your index value, and loop it when it reaches the maximum. 3) Use a DAC of some sort, or I2S, to output the value, from the table. As a nice side effect, you also get a VCO saw output, if you have a second DAC - or use the other channel of I2S. Due to obvious symmetry, you don't necessarily need a full period of a sine wave. A quarter wave will do. You might need to disable interrupts, to avoid jitter caused by the CPU being too busy.

[@atomictraveller]

@@TooSlowTube i generally render sines in dsp with quadrature... s0 = 1; s1 = 0; // init s0 -= w * s1; s1 += w * s0; // loop where w (angular freq) = 2*pi*hz/samplerate

[@TooSlowTube]

@@atomictraveller Cool. Are you using dedicated DSP hardware, or just something like a fairly fast microcontroller with an FPU?

[@wonseok_song]

9:33 The result sounds like a Dalek..

[@ishubansal265]

Exterminate !!

[@LPkukin]

Plot twist: The Daleks also watched this video and made a sound device according to this video. That's why they sound like this.

[@ov3rkill]

This is just the beginning.

[@Lampadina_17]

sounds like bsod

[@jongk8]

Touch this time text every 1 sec.

[@FrankGraffagnino]

great stuff. would love to see more videos using the esp32!

[@greatscottlab]

Thanks! Will do!

[@DrOwn-hq9ot]

As a high school student who only recently got into electronics, if even I can follow along with what he's saying then this is truly high quality.

[@doraexplora9046]

Man! Those drawings are amazing. Worth watching just to see how neat the guy draws.

[@joaomarques7180]

Can you make a walkie talkie with 2 esp32's using this metod and wifi/bluetooth?

[@greatscottlab]

I can put it on my to do list

[@Scott_C]

@@greatscottlab I'd love to see that.

[@hicknopunk]

Yes!

[@MMuraseofSandvich]

Ooo. Hack up some headsets perhaps?

[@Jp-ue8xz]

Hmmm I guess it could be done... but bluetooth I think it's limited to about 10m range, and wi-fi would require one device to act as an AP and others to trust it, also said device would have to be within a reasonable distance of every other device... seems like an overkill for something that could be done just over radio

[@deadbird99]

I'm so glad you finally dive into the world of ESPs!! And for a first test I2S is really not the easiest project! Thanks a lot 🙏🏻

[@Derpuwolf]

Aight, we found the time traveler.

[@richardlighthouse5328]

@@Derpuwolf Patreon.

[@soxxz2028]

@@richardlighthouse5328 Oh really???

[@ceneblock]

This is far from his first dive into ESP

[@jovialcupid9687]

It's He littelary connected 3 bought parts and used existing library's basic example It's not harder then connecting addressable leds

[@wjn777]

Great video, and the best I2C explanation , thank you for sharing

[@Taran72]

Wow! This video is really awesome. Didn't know the ESP had such capabilities.

[@danteregianifreitas6461]

It's important to note that while greater sampling frequency does increase quality, any sampling frequency above 40 kHz makes irrelevant increase to the human hearing. Because, according do the Nyquist theorem, to perfectly reconstruct a analog signal you need a sampling frequency at least double the analysed signal. Thus we need only 40kHz, as the human hearing only goes to about 20kHz (and that's in very young children, because you'd be lucky to have this hearing past your adolescence). Also speakers are almost always limited to playing till this frequency, so even if you say that frequencies above 20kHz do somehow contribute to sound quality, your speakers won't even play it.

[@rahveibo]

​@Heads MessRegarding your point about two points making a triangle/sawtooth wave: Whole point of the nyquist theorem is that IF we are certain that no frequencies greater than the nyquist frequency was contained within the signal before we sample it, then we can reconstruct the sampled signal with any temporal resolution we want. So you dont have to drive your speaker with those 2 points, since nyquist tells you that thre is no ambiguity about the frequencies in there, you can fill the samples in between to form the sinusoidal before you drive the speaker. And actually you dont even have to bother about doing that in software as a lowpass filter on the sampled output will do that for you anyways. I agree with the rest of your comment.

[@jamesbrill5896]

Interesting, a month ago I set up a streaming player with an old raspberry Pi and a TeraDaK ES9023. The Pi is an old model B, 26 pin header but has an unpopulated 8 pin header for I2S. Sounds great and was pretty easy to set up.

[@akshay.kumark]

You know i was waiting for this one 🤩

[@theengineer9910]

my pic32 had enough flash to store a funny audio sample and i managed to port bitluni's arduino audio sampling code to it. Bitluni and Greatscott are great teachers !

[@easyelectronics4364]

I love these kind of projects great scott keep it up😍😍😍😍😍🔥🔥🔥🔥

[@greatscottlab]

Glad you like them!

[@mihaelpanjkrc7870]

Great video as always!

[@pulkitjoshi1078]

Awesome :) . Planning to add darth vader sounds to my room Automation project.. This will be really helpful.... The force is strong with Scott !!! Love from India

[@greatscottlab]

Sounds great!

[@avejst]

Great walkthrough 👍 Thanks for sharing 👍😀

[@peerappel2012]

Thanks for the great explanation of i2s!

[@turneroq9888]

awesome project, Scott! Thx!

[@FirstnameLastname-ym4tc]

I love your videos nd loved this one too. Had been a subscriber of yours since 3 years

[@greatscottlab]

Awesome :-)

[@reddragon27284]

Good video as always but I would have like to seen why it sounds distorted and how you get around it.

[@GGGG_3333]

9:32 Save yourselves, Great Scott has already been terminated 😂.

[@darshandodal1889]

Your content is really great!. Please make a video on "Commercial grade Low Power IC's (Bluetooth and wifi) for low power IoT". Please compare them with their specs like current drawn while transmission and reception. I would love to get insights about the topic, from you. Thank you!

[@TheDeltaLightning]

Fun fact: You can use I2S to generate the 38 kHz carrier for IR signaling, and save a lot of CPU cycles compared to the popular techniques. (One of the features under the hood is called DMA, I think it would be worth a separate video)

[@noweare1]

The esp32 has a remote control peripheral.

[@ChrisRid]

I keep thinking about re-creating the Portal Radio (from the game) and something like this would work a treat (minus the microphone). Only want it to play the standard low-quality tune on loop. Great video.

[@Ramog1000]

well there are also decoder chips that play mp3's www.adafruit.com/product/1788 this is a good board to work with it also has theoretically midi syntesizer capabilities and the library has all the features needed. works with an arduino which for me is an added bonus.

[@PablumMcDump]

In pandemic times, a clip of The Police's Don't Stand So Close to Me triggered by a hidden momentary switch would be fun.

[@takase5037]

@@Ramog1000 there should be cheaper DF robot boards that outputs a headphone signal

[@ChrisRid]

Marvin W - Depends if you’re a Patreon? If not, sign up now!

[@ChrisRid]

Janus Kobain - I’m making a note here “huge success”...

[@RPhulNewsTrue]

thanks finally I can build something this weekend.

[@toolzshed]

Whoa amazing explanation dude!

[@injoelsgarage3934]

Thank you very much! We really enjoy your videos. You are badass and Nationwide!... Joel

[@elijahtalbot5288]

I learn so much from your videos

[@fleshTH]

This might work well for my Halloween decoration I created years ago. I use a raspberry pi to play audio and flash red LEDs in the eyes when a motion event happens from my security camera. I've always felt like the raspberry pi was overkill. All it really does is has a webserver for commands. Takes the commands and plays either a random file (for motion) or a specific file from the command. Analyzes the wave form to blink the LEDs in sync with what is being said. The only thing that might be tricky is I have a web interface set up and I can talk through it using the microphone on my mobile phone. But it seems like I can probably get rid of the raspberry pi and just use an ESP32. Get rid of the hosted webserver and use my existing MQTT.

[@noweare1]

You've been hitting home runs with the projects you have been choosing. Thanks for all your hard work. The ESP32 is pretty amazing, but very complex.

[@MCsCreations]

Really interesting!!! Thanks a lot, dude!!! 😃 Stay safe there! 🖖😊

[@domenicoromano3642]

I can't Guess how much paper do you use for every video 😂😂 Aniway, you are the eletronic teacher i never had at school, Simply awesome!

[@monsterhunter445]

Thanks gonna use this exact dac to make a synth (nothing to complicated probably two osc max). Should be fun.

[@oniruddhoalam2039]

1:26 Was the pun intended?

[@greatscottlab]

Maybe

[@ayushp.5395]

well, so my $1200 24bit/192KHz DAC and $990 wired headphones were a waste of money??? not to forget the $20/month subscription for tidal...

[@djedvis]

@@ayushp.5395 lol obviously a waste. Who spends so much for headphones? You need high quality audio files like FLAC for these headphones to work in full potential... Waste of money. My 3€ earbuds works perfectly.

[@skyc3560]

EdvisKing Come on! 64 bit sound all the way!

[@electronic7979]

Helpful video 👍

[@prashanthkumar3834]

Thanks for responding to my request Greatscott. I actually hold a bachelors in Electronics but couldn't get into that field due to some reasons. I'm a datascientist now and I'm able to still have a good hold on Electronics is just because of your videos. Stay creative, stay hungry for more knowledge

[@gopinath397]

Sir iam an huge fan of u sir keep creating, more viedoes like this 😍

[@Rolly369]

6:48 whoopsi , someone soldered on his probe :D

[@davidgardener1152]

great video until at the end the audio that came out was all choppy! what was the reason for that? Thanks!! can it sound better than that? :)

[@zk_6312]

Great video. I really like this project, just what I was looking for. I just wish you had a project page that showed how to build it like the parts and code used.

[@priyanshmehta5668]

Hey GreatScott, can you please make a video on building an audio amplifier using STA380BW

[@stuart8taylor]

Thank you for this video, but what about if you have a set of speakers that allows for audio over USB input?

[@JAGANNATHSAHOOtheraw]

Thanks for sharing!

[@WistrelChianti]

Thank you! Been wondering why folks were using this for audio, haha turns out that's what it is for! :D

[@ShankhaShubhra]

Hello! Can you take a look at the Sonoff WiFi Smart Switch for a DIY or BUY episode?

[@anonymoose6873]

Could you make a decent sound system that applicable to scooters/mopeds? I'd love to see your take on the subject.

[@conorstewart2214]

To get stereo sound can you connect the word select pin to the L/R pin since the word select changes between high and low to send the data, if it was connected to the L/R pin as well wouldnt that toggle which side is transmitted?

[@typeer]

youre a legend thanks for this

[@viktorkovarik]

Why was the output sound so disrupted? I was expecting that i2s is pretty much lossless. I am thinking about creating wireless 5.1 sound system (it will use only power cords) using my old 5.1 (with too much cables) and using esp32 and esp-now. Problem is that I need to convert 5.1 audio to i2s and then distribute that to each speaker. Any ideas? It doesn't need to be esp32, just everything which would make it wireless 5.1 and is already documented.

[@harikamalakarreddydarapu7410]

You are really awesome iam a great fan of you.thank very much for sharing your knowledge

[@greatscottlab]

It's my pleasure

[@NiHaoMike64]

Would it be possible to implement lossless low latency audio over Wifi using an ESP32? I'm thinking kind of like Nvidia's wireless HD audio except it would work on devices other than the Shield TV.

[@lolmetauto4579]

Love your vids bought my first arduino thanks to you

[@greatscottlab]

Glad I could help

[@romaindemaison3127]

Hi, I don't understand why the sound is so bad at the end of the video as you used 16bits /44khz which should result with good audio quality? Is it a limitation on the esp32? Is it because of your speaker?

[@preddy09]

Mostly likely not using DMA with double buffering. Without that any delay will show up as breaks. In realtime transmission, it's a must. If playing from a file, still the IO will cause lots of interrupts and result in breaking audio, even with a fast mcu.

[@renzo2239]

I'm not sure, but I think the is2 amplifier generates PWM output instead of real waveform.

[@moonmatthew]

Yaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaay new awesome video i love your Videos they are beeeeeeeest

[@dennislacroix5478]

I would love a device that would let you use as an interface for salvaged amplifiers from from broken TVs as they use I2S.

[@sanjaybhatikar]

Thank you! Thank you! Thank you!

[@TBL_stevennelson]

We're you able to clear up the audio and I must have missed the part about the 16bit transfer

[@zetaconvex1987]

You make it look oh so easy.

[@uh6537]

What else to say here than: Great Scott!

[@mrmf4712]

How convenient it was to find this nice video literally 24 hours after I figured out how to code I2S on ESP32 and how to connect wires to external DAC. LOL. Oh man... I'd say wiring it together was the easiest part. The code and RTOS required a bit of wrestling...

[@MONIRHOSSAIN-pl7yt]

Please make a video on - voltage (-5, -12) . How it works and why it used.

[@Douglas.Kennedy]

Could you use the two 8 bit DACs and combine them with the R-2R resistor arrangement to make a higher resolution output? A downside would be only 1 channel, no stereo

[@canaDavid1]

You would need r-256r, but yes.

[@eivis13]

Great info if you're wondering how modern car audio works.

[@techbarron7383]

Hi,,great scoot,,can you make a short circuit keller? And how it works

[@DCDLaserCNC]

Very cool!

[@LittleRainGames]

Ive been writing an I2S library for a lowish clock speed Pic chip. Its providing very difficult to read from Sd, and send i2s data fast enough.

[@elektromekanik7240]

I wish you good work. I have a question. Can vehicle tracking system be made with 3G wifi? How can I make this system?

[@Detonador7G]

Do you know why it sounded so weird in the end? Great video, btw!

[@drescherjm]

I agree from the video I expected it to sound much better.

[@Detonador7G]

@@drescherjm and me personally I get very interested in knowing what the problem is, sometimes it can give more insight when we are doing our own projects

[@mrbobbybtv]

Sounds like jitter

[@Max24871]

Probably either unwanted interrupts or reading from sdcard took too long

[@jonmayer]

We need a revisit when he figures it out. This is not acceptable quality from i2s

[@DarkElectronics]

I have ESP32 microcontroller and I tried to make Bluetooth speaker using it, but I had some problems...

[@69iqtutorial]

I liked it 👍 ,great content

[@greatscottlab]

Glad you enjoyed

[@tyronenelson9124]

I wander if this is similar to how voice prompts on say a portable bt speakers internal bt decoder module is recorded.

[@pokpikchan]

Thanx for sharing

[@block7059]

Könntest du mehr zum Thema Audio machen?

[@johnnyhammersticks1695]

why not use the 2x8bit DAC and turn it into a 1x16 bit mono output? I've been wondering about a good way to do this sort of technique. Using 2 or more lower bit DACs and adding them together to get higher resolution or more bits

[@jovialcupid9687]

What about noise?

[@nathaneltaylor9349]

Hi Scott my esp32 camera i have goes into burn protection mode when starting up any ideas on how to stop it?

[@oldeharbinger]

Haven't played with ESP32 boards yet. I've dome alot with the arduino and the dfplayer mini. Sound quality isn't as good, but works for the small projects.

[@NicholasElliott]

I've got a couple esp32's kicking around but haven't used them yet... although that's gonna be changing soon since the 8266 has a bunch of unusable ports on it

[@kitecattestecke2303]

500Mhz 2G Sample scope with touch screen how nice :-9. What do you do for a living?

[@mohamedaadil7994]

Hi Scott big fan of your work! I'm currently working on this project but with a max4466 module and just storing 1mb of this data in spiffs I'm not able to find any code related to this in github. I would be glad if u can help .Tnx in advance.

[@Navarretuz]

Awesome!!!

[@NudeJawn]

Thanks Scott.

[@greatscottlab]

You're welcome!

[@SinaAleali]

Please make a video about MQ gas sensors, there's no good tutorial/explanation about how to use them properly.

[@harikamalakarreddydarapu7410]

Sir as you started with esp32 please make a video on micro python

[@Chisataki-is-god]

とても参考になりました！ありがとう😊

[@MsSATHEESHKUMAR]

I am trying to build a ociloscope using ESP32.

[@arf20]

If you want to make a 16 bit resistor DAC, you would needd 65536 pins, and double the resistors. Good video

[@animatrix1851]

I'm sorry nobody corrected you, you need only 16 pins, you can use a SIPO shift register to bring that number down.

[@phinok.m.628]

Well, a higher sampling rate than 44.1 kHz won't actually improve the sound quality since a sampling rate of 44.1 kHz is enough to reconstruct the original signal perfectly as long the highest frequency of the signal is below the Nyquist frequency (22.05 kHz in this case).

[@buidelrat132]

The playback doesn't sound great. Could you debug it for us? Buffer underrun?

[@danwattaliyanagekalanaprem724]

please do a video about switch mode power supply and how to make a one at home.

[@luizz1997]

Can you make the quality of the audio better with some modification? i was kinda disappointed with that much work for a so "robot"-like sound

[@elijahtalbot5288]

Nice video

[@PHamster]

Hmmm what’s the Sample Rate on the ESP32? I can’t seem to get around the 16kHz

[@ImTheReal]

Bro! You're pretty awesome! I guess that I have said it before but doesn't matter.

[@anonymaton948]

Is there a way to do this as an audio mixer? Like, playing multiple audio tracks and adjusting the volume for each track independently?

[@comkey-Ninja]

I like the vids love it

[@berkcan2439]

Somebody may explain to me what is happingin on 6:09. i think there is a constructor that takes arguments its own class member variable am i right ? But what is mean of dots that beginning of every line ? I am confused help me.

[@andreasbumbum4207]

Is there a soundcard for PC available with I2S interface?

[@toriqulislamshimanto]

I am using "Node MCU 8266" for my project !!!

[@zhouyu9971]

I need a very simple player to play one simple midi better loud. no need sound quality, better to use just onboard flash memory. This is to use as the speaker side of a door bell. Do you have any way to do that? Thanks.