Half wave Rectifier explained with Design & Practical

Half Wave Rectifier Circuit
Half-wave rectifiers transform AC voltage to DC voltage. A halfwave rectifier circuit uses only one diode for the transformation. A halfwave rectifier is defined as a type of rectifier that allows only one-half cycle of an AC voltage waveform to pass while blocking the other half cycle. In this session, let us know in detail about the half-wave rectifier.
A half-wave rectifier is the simplest form of the rectifier and requires only one diode for the construction of a halfwave rectifier circuit.
A halfwave rectifier circuit consists of three main components as follows:
A diode
A transformer
A resistive load
Working of Half Wave Rectifier
In this section, let us understand how a half-wave rectifier transforms AC into DC.
A high AC voltage is applied to the primary side of the step-down transformer. The obtained secondary low voltage is applied to the diode.
The diode is forward biased during the positive half cycle of the AC voltage and reverse biased during the negative half cycle
When the diode is forward biased, it acts as a closed switch. But, during the negative half cycle of the AC source voltage
When a diode is reverse biased, it acts as an open switch. Since no current can flow to the load, the output voltage is equal to zero
Half Wave Rectifier Capacitor Filter
The output waveform of a halfwave rectifier is a pulsating DC waveform. Filters in halfwave rectifiers are used to transform the pulsating waveform into constant DC waveforms. A capacitor or an inductor can be used as a filter.
Half Wave Rectifier Formula
Ripple Factor of Half Wave Rectifier
Ripple factor determines how well a halfwave rectifier can convert AC voltage to DC voltage.
Ripple factor can be quantified using the following formula:

The ripple factor of a halfwave rectifier is 1.21.
Efficiency of Halfwave Rectifier
The efficiency of a halfwave rectifier is the ratio of output DC power to the input AC power.
The efficiency formula for halfwave rectifier is given as follows;

RMS value of Half Wave Rectifier
The RMS value of the load current for a half-wave rectifier is given by the formula:

Form factor of a Halfwave Rectifier
The form factor is the ratio between RMS value and average value and is given by the formula:

Applications of Half Wave Rectifier
Here are a few common applications of half wave rectifiers:
They are used for signal demodulation purpose
They are used for rectification applications
They are used for signal peak applications
Disadvantages of Half Wave Rectifier
Power loss
Low output voltage
The output contains a lot of ripples

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