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The Croatian Defence Council (Croatian: Hrvatsko vijeće obrane or HVO) was the official military formation of the Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia, an unrecognized entity that existed in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1991 and 1996. The HVO was the main military force of Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The HVO (Croatian Defence Council) was established on 8 April 1992 in Grude by the political leadership of Croats, mainly members of Croatian Democratic Union (Hrvatska demokratska zajednica) as a military formation of Herzeg-Bosnia.
In the initial stage of the Bosnian War, the HVO fought alongside the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) against the Bosnian Serbs, but in the latter stage of the conflict clashed against its former ally, particularly in the Mostar area.
The European Community Monitoring Mission (ECMM) estimated the strength of the HVO in the beginning of 1993 at 45,000-55,000.
In July 1993, CIA estimated the HVO forces at 40,000 to 50,000 men.
HVO was incorporated into the Army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (VFBiH) in December 1995 by following agreement made after signing the Dayton Accords.
In December 2005 HVO was reorganized as 1st Infantry (Guard) Regiment of the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina, after VFBiH and Army of Republika Srpska were united into a single armed force.