How a Linear Accelerator works - Elekta

[@JimFinnis]

Thank you so much - I'm currently undergoing treatment with one of these very machines, have a science background, and I'm the kind of patient who feels much better when they understand what's going on. This really helped me.

[@wass006]

How did your treatment go?

[@flyduck1]

@@wass006 I guess not that good...

[@karlhungus5554]

A terrible thing to assume. A Google search shows Mr. Finnis is, thankfully, alive and well.

[@gaccutler9526]

Me too... I don't think the technicians in the room know who clever the machine is... I guess the folk in the back-ground on the PC have a good knowledge...

[@Muonium1]

@@flyduck1 he is a lecturer in computer science in Wales and as of 2023 is still posting answers to questions on Quora, so I'd say that's a successful treatment!

[@Satine_Moisant]

I'm a cancer patient visiting this machine every day. I barely notice any side effects, I have another 1/2 month to go, 10 minutes a day. This machine is amazing!

[@c2h6-e]

love how this was so educational, even though it's just a big ad for elekta

[@justafrog9054]

This is such a great video! The explanation is simple and precise. I had 38 daily treatments with this machine. 5 years out and still cancer free. The technology is amazing.

[@RobertEMason]

Good for you!!!

[@V1GG3boiii]

The animation or whatever you call it is amazing, the animation really help with understanding how the machine works, if I only would of heard the lady speak I would be completely lost, amazing animation guys, awesome.

[@edona76]

Thank you so much for providing this information. As a family physician, I understand the basic principles of radiation therapy for cancer, but was really clueless as to what my radiation oncologist did when 'planning' my treatment and how the machine actually worked.

[@loiscarrington9923]

I am a cancer patient and this machine has been used daily on my tumour and the site of the lymph nodes in the arm pit. I am grateful for this video presentation.

[@chrishawkins107]

This is an excellent presentation. If you are being treated with a Varian linear accelerator there are a few small differences (klystron vs magnetron, placement of focus and steering coils & other components, type of bending magnets) but the principles are all the same. Bravo Elekta!

[@truckyonefortynine]

Each person undergoing Radiotherapy,really needs to watch this important presentation, Without these wonderful machines, and the people behind them,many would be clutching at straws to get help. Thank You

[@no_360scope]

i imagine this is expensive but nonetheless, the care it must have taken to make each marvellous engineering decision must have been laborious. I can't believe the amount of care one must have to have such precise measurements and such a high level of safety. It makes me happy to know that there are people who dedicate their lives to making these life-saving machines

[@majkosk8x]

question is if those people would try it on their own

[@jahdagod5563]

On a scale of 1 to 10, this video is an easy 9. Good job.

[@joesitter20101]

I have 34 years of hands-on experience working with high vacuum systems, high powered radio frequency generators (including magnetrons), scanning electron microscopes, ion implanters (industrial particle beam accelerators used for doping semiconductors) and, industrial real time microfocus X-ray systems. I'd really enjoy working with this piece of equipment because it appears to be very well-designed and because it is used to help people in need.

[@socialbugs]

Explain is fantastic and easily understand even not in a medical educated viewer like me i am in india at tamilnadu state ,my father age 63 affected in throat cancer grade 3 and lungs also damaged by TB and having more fibrotic tissues in lungs (because tb patient and long time smoker) so doctor prescribed RT/CH and they are say anything will happen while on treatment even dead so I need your suggestions for linac RT and my family is very poor family but our government started yesterday linac treatment in chennai with free so I need your suggestions please please please.....

[@Faceybabybaby]

I am currently being treated with this device on my armpit. I was scared and knew not what to expect. This video has gave me more clarity. Thanks

[@dallaspresser1360]

Excellent animated presentation. I have been keen to know how this machine works as it rotates around during my therapy visits. The variable focusing system is really smart.

[@timmiller9164]

Thank you - this is very clear. I'm a current patient of radiation therapy, and it really helps me to understand how the technology works. This is a big help, thanks!

[@cggage]

It is nice to see the details of what is zapping me every day. Thanks for the video!

[@russellhamner4898]

Did you make it? Still with us?

[@cggage]

@@russellhamner4898 Yes, I'm now 7 years out on one cancer and 6 years out on another, so I'm still here and doing great! Thanks for asking! A tip of the hat to the folks at Johns Hopkins in Baltimore and a myriad of other doctors spread around DC & MD. A big thanks to them!

[@Ayman73795]

Very well explained! The animation further helped to visualise and understand the concept. I really liked the addition of magnets near the end of the waveguide to further pinpoint the electrons on the target which is also unique with elekta.

[@lawyertroy1]

I am also undergoing treatment. UNC Rex has a few of these Electa machines. They’re so cool, I had to find out how they work. This was extremely helpful.

[@markarca6360]

1:40 - The thermionic effect, very similar to how a vacuum-tube version of a diode works. A diode is also called a thermionic valve.

[@sanketsenapati1109]

The video is so so so informative that I just loved looking at so many applications of what I have been taught in my class XII.

[@RobertEMason]

Great video. My wife is undergoing whole brain radiation under an Elekta. We are half way through her treatments.

[@tiberiusgracchus7328]

What an excellent video. This answered pretty much every question (and I had a lot) I had about the machine and also the process being used to treat me for prostate cancer. Every radiation oncologist should know about this video for the education of any curious person like me with a lot of questions.

[@socialbugs]

Explain is fantastic and easily understand even not in a medical educated viewer like me i am in india at tamilnadu state ,my father age 63 affected in throat cancer grade 3 and lungs also damaged by TB and having more fibrotic tissues in lungs (because tb patient and long time smoker) so doctor prescribed RT/CH and they are say anything will happen while on treatment even dead so I need your suggestions for linac RT and my family is very poor family but our government started yesterday linac treatment in chennai with free so I need your suggestions please please please.....

[@rohanrajapakse4915]

Please let me know the treatments number required to treat prostrate cancer.

[@belen0816]

AWESOME!!!! THE GENIUS OF MAN FOR THOSE AFFLICTED WITH CANCER!

[@gregvisioninfosoft]

Very well made video, with excellent explanations. What is the maximum delivered radiation power at the treatment site?

[@Our_Sole_Pusch]

Nice presentation. I was wondering, to bend the electron beam you would normally use a dipole and not a quadrupole? Is that something to do with off-axis acceleration? I am assuming that the magnets near the delivery point are dipole/septum magnets. Also, are you by any chance looking into ion/proton therapy? Thanks

[@sebastianverney7851]

i am having this treatment now. what a clear video. thank you for making it! oh, p.s. the music with mine, at guys london, is similar too.

[@ElektaOfficial]

Best wishes on your treatment. We're cheering for you.

[@shanelsandsgonzalez5198]

Hello! Can someone explain to me what would happen if this specific machine has a general failure in the LINAC, also in the backup center, and they find lost IP directions?

[@Jaabirstar]

think you so much this really help me understand my assignment about the linear accelarater.

[@husnainsandhu8257]

Wow! This video is very interesting. Recently, I study about LINAC. And I watch this video about its application. Thank you for providing this information.

[@itsonlymyopinionok8115]

Now I know what they're doing to me on a daily basis, and how this machine works. Animation makes understanding easier.

[@videosonecet5914]

I learned something today , teach this video teaches me a lot about how Electronic beam machines works thanks for the video :)

[@kevinmoore2501]

Great video. Lets me know what to expect when undergoing radiation treatments for brain cancer.

[@BorandoSementi]

Very interesting, the animation is really well done. Was looking for an electromagnetic explanation of a Linac, found an awesome inspiring video on medical engineering, still worth though! Thanks a lot!

[@ElektaOfficial]

+Daniele Borando Thanks, Daniele. We're happy we could help.

[@rajendraverma2325]

Can i use the video in one of my presentation ?

[@socialbugs]

@@ElektaOfficial Explain is fantastic and easily understand even not in a medical educated viewer like me i am in india at tamilnadu state ,my father age 63 affected in throat cancer grade 3 and lungs also damaged by TB and having more fibrotic tissues in lungs (because tb patient and long time smoker) so doctor prescribed RT/CH and they are say anything will happen while on treatment even dead so I need your suggestions for linac RT and my family is very poor family but our government started yesterday linac treatment in chennai with free so I need your suggestions please please please.....

[@bititiyoucef6070]

these informations are helpfull but i need a simular articul or pdf that explain the same thing if you might help me and thank you

[@choprapar]

Very nice and simple presentation

[@danielaribisala5158]

Does anything here remind you of the train in the Nation of Wakanda? If "yes", you are observant. This presentation is very accurate and very easy to understand for a lay person. As a certified Radiation Therapy Technologist,, and an Engineer, I strongly recommend.

[@research1917]

went from aducating to advertising so smoothly i almost wrote about Elekta on my test bout radiotion therapy

[@mipeach5982]

2021 and this is so good!

[@sanjaysinha4656]

Thank you so much for the clear explanation.

[@glenbearh9109]

Wow it boggles the mind how well they can deliver the correct beam and power.

[@glenbearh9109]

Oh I start on December 17th 2020 9 weeks 5 days a week for prostate cancer

[@alifatehallah594]

how obtain the schematics diagrams of-The apparatus ??

[@Checker201lol]

Thank you, still helping out 10 years later:)

[@savvaschanlaridis6270]

and let me be clear. All the above apply to radiotherapy with photons (X-rays and γ-rays). When it comes to radiotherapy with hadrons (protons, neutrons, heavy ions or even pions) the process differs a little bit.

[@WishachieverZ]

Wow just what I was looking for!

[@desertlightning7335]

I know I'm going to get some hate for this. But essentially it looks like it's a highly advanced CRT (like an old school TV) that has a cavity magnetron (like you find in a magnetron from a a microwave) pumping RF into it. But instead of phosphors at the end its tungsten (like in a enhanced radiation nuke)

[@Amsterdampardoc1]

CRT is an accelerator

[@shco2749]

Why aren’t more patients offered this treatment?

[@waqasahmed5345]

thanks for this worthy animation its's really helpful for understanding the working concept of this complex machine

[@ianadr93]

Great video as i am undergoing radiation theraphy.

[@damien6685]

I'm in LA5, James Cook University Hospital, UK, at this moment Interesting to see the mechanics of the machine

[@MohamedAhmed-wr9mf]

Awesome simple illustration

[@stukaincoming]

Well explained and animated. Thank you. :)

[@ElektaOfficial]

You're very welcome!

[@dominicmoyo7997]

AMAZING ANIMATION,WELL UNDERSTOOD

[@felixkomo]

Ooooooosh thanks for this vid. it just made me to understand the primary function of this device.

[@igf_d4189]

This video rly helped with my physics exam - on my final year now to become a radtech!

[@radiotech4812]

The best Exaplaination

[@mauramihaela]

What kind of program you used to realize this animation?

[@robbyddurham1624]

if things got real bad and we couldn't have a professional do this and we didn't have this machine, How well would the magnatron and waveguide out of a microwave oven placed close to the tumor do? Would it be better than nothing. very short duration at first for weeks until you saw some burning on the skin.

[@robbyddurham1624]

it wouldn't be photons though, would it?

[@socialbugs]

Explain is fantastic and easily understand even not in a medical educated viewer like me i am in india at tamilnadu state ,my father age 63 affected in throat cancer grade 3 and lungs also damaged by TB and having more fibrotic tissues in lungs (because tb patient and long time smoker) so doctor prescribed RT/CH and they are say anything will happen while on treatment even dead so I need your suggestions for linac RT and my family is very poor family but our government started yesterday linac treatment in chennai with free so I need your suggestions please please please.....

[@rafaelm.9774]

Microwave ovens do not have the complex physics mechanics or high power behind LINAC machines. All you would be doing with a microwave oven is exciting your water molecules (human body water content roughly ranges 45% - 75%). This in turn would just result in heat. However, if you stick your hand in a running microwave for a minute or so (dependent on the power source running the magnetron in microwave oven), your hand will likely explode. NEVER STICK YOUR HEAD IN A MICROWAVE.

[@GYANAQ]

The Society for Applied Microwave Electronics Engineering & Research (SAMEER) MEiTY exchanged MoU on Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and technology transfer of Linear Accelerator with industry. About Linear Accelerator or LINAC It’s the device used for external beam radiation treatments for patients with cancer. It uses microwave technology to accelerate electrons which collide with a heavy metal target to produce high-energy x-rays. Then the high-energy x-rays are directed to the patient's tumor to destroy cancer cells

[@MrElapid]

Thanks for this wonderful video... I'm currently recieving radiation treatment and as someone else said in the comments I feel much better knowing how this thing works. Also just curiosity as I have an engineering background. Amimation is superb and the narrator is great with her clear voice.

[@DuyNguyen-ob1lp]

Thank you so much! The video is very great!

[@Frefind]

what is the enrgy consumption of this machine?

[@bahadur4892]

Excellent presentation

[@simranak960]

Thank you so much.

[@FatimaEXOL]

This video is very informative and easy to understand great job

[@appidydafoo]

Fascinating

[@carlasouza5306]

please add subtitles... so can translation can be done better

[@savvaschanlaridis6270]

1st of all gamma radiation consists of high energy photons. It's true that healthy cells are more sensitive to radiation than cancerous cells. But they have very different recovery rates. That means that if these different types of cells take a sublethal radiation dose the healthy cell will recover faster than the cancerous cell. That's why we do radiation therapy in sessions.

[@Sisos1817]

Crystal clear and very interesting!!

[@drbeenasen]

How I can download this video

[@Rekha31200]

Bestest explanation dat could ever b had !!! Its vei realistic ,amazing..☺

[@MelonKingXCVII]

I was trying to find an anime and Instead, I learned something.

[@ElektaOfficial]

Thanks. We're happy to hear this.

[@michaelmcnally8963]

Incredible video. Thank you

[@TheSarcasticEngineer]

Why did I spend 9 grand on lectures when I could've watched this and bought a book?

[@ElektaOfficial]

We're glad you learned from this. Thanks.

[@0hold]

What book do you recommend?

[@TheSarcasticEngineer]

@@0hold Linear Accelerators For Dummies.

[@0hold]

@@TheSarcasticEngineer Thank you!

[@0hold]

@@TheSarcasticEngineer Thanks! Can you provide me the link to the book? Could be from any website, it's just that I couldn't find the book online

[@kaoutarelamiry4951]

if only my teacher explained it like that i would've passed the test

[@DJWolves97]

Why are there other treatment options when this is such an effective and efficient method?

[@nexsus1514]

Other options for radiotherapy would be using a nuclear isotope (i.e. cobalt-60) instead of x-rays, but both pretty much do the same job. Linacs require a fair amount and stable electricity to run so it would not be ideal to have this set up in a developing country, where as a radiotherapy machine with a nuclear source doesn't need much power, just enough to push an isotope to the end of the head (basically). But linacs are usually more affordable and its a lot easier to ask to buy an x-ray "source" vs getting approval, licencing and the extra security of having a nuclear source in a hospital. The only possible downside to a linac is that it has much more parts to it, so it has a higher chance of breaking down vs more simple machines with a nuclear source. The other big factor is that cobalt-60 has been used since the 60's, so an older physicists may be more familiar and comfortable with operating an older style of machine that still works. So it mainly comes down to location and preference.

[@michele_corti]

sometimes, surrounding tissues require further protection, especially the ones notably radio-sensitive, such as the rectum. So for prostate cancer, since the prostate is between the bladder and the rectum, brachytherapy is preferred. A compound with iodine-125 is injected in the prostate, iodine-125 decays and emits gamma rays of a relatively low energy, so that they kill tumoral cells locally in the prostate, without transmitting energy to the rectum

[@rafaelm.9774]

It's important to consider the many factors that go into prescribed external beam radiation treatment (EBRT). Sometimes other treatment options are preferred over EBRT, added before or after EBRT, or given at same time (concurrent) with EBRT. We are all individuals, therefore there is no cookie-cutter treatment method(s) to prescribe.

[@chelzieable]

nice video presentation.very informative.thank you!

[@Jennahtahlia]

So helpful! Thank you!

[@lucapettinari7622]

Amazing work.

[@yuvanm9040]

therac25: did anyone say about safety ?

[@charesdumpales5290]

Why is simulation the most critical and challenging process in preparation for radiation therapy?

[@begotten59]

What's the difference of IMRT radiation and your product? Thanks.

[@tylerb8746]

Most linacs these days are capable of delivering IMRT

[@kene4806]

These machines are capable of delivering IMRT

[@arunamotu7617]

gud presentation...it is a gud presentation to know the valuable information about the machine working...

[@Sowmathi1105]

Thank you 👍

[@gadhasatheesh7417]

Thanks for the video...clear and understandable

[@alejandrobrussain6990]

Great video! But how are tumours cells are more susceptible to radiation than other cells?

[@asheikh5771]

Tumour cells are rapidly dividing cells (usually), so spend a longer time in the prophase stage of mitosis. in prophase, the DNA is supercoiled (bunched up into chromosomes) this means that any incoming photons, from the X-ray beam, have a higher chance of creating double stranded breaks in the DNA. These breaks are much harder to repair and ultimately the cell dies. In essence, rapidly multiplying cells spend longer in a vulnerable state and therefore are more easily damaged by radiation.

[@socialbugs]

@@asheikh5771 Explain is fantastic and easily understand even not in a medical educated viewer like me i am in india at tamilnadu state ,my father age 63 affected in throat cancer grade 3 and lungs also damaged by TB and having more fibrotic tissues in lungs (because tb patient and long time smoker) so doctor prescribed RT/CH and they are say anything will happen while on treatment even dead so I need your suggestions for linac RT and my family is very poor family but our government started yesterday linac treatment in chennai with free so I need your suggestions please please please.....

[@asheikh5771]

kannadhasan y Go for it. I am a radiotherapy graduate and have seen the treatment work myself. If a doctor has recommended the treatment and thinks there is a chance of tumour reduction, I would definitely take their advice. Any treatment is better than none. Even if you’re father is not cured, the treatment can help to ease his symptoms. Another advantage is that RT is relatively non-invasive, so should be slightly more comfortable for him. Good luck with everything and I hope your father regains his health.

[@socialbugs]

@@asheikh5771 thank you very much for your advice sir I have no fluent knowledge in english so please which one follow linac or CH/RT combine (doctor prescribed)treatment, sir please tell once again sir please.....

[@asheikh5771]

kannadhasan y A “Linac” is the machine used to deliver RT. A lot of the time, for the RT to be successful it needs to be done together with Chemo. If the doctor has recommended RT/Chemo I would suggest you follow their advice. Just know I am not a doctor and cannot give you a diagnosis or suggest treatment for you. All I can say is I have seen the treatment work and that if a doctor has recommended it for you, there is probably a chance it will be good.

[@alanshawyer367]

Brilliant animation. The dedication of the scientists and engineers is not acknowledged enough. Technology beyond the understanding of most, if not nearly all of us. My wife was trying to tell me what happened when she received the treatment - now I know. All on the NHS - no charge. What would you be paying in USA I wonder.

[@joselopeztorrecilla7752]

Good information for students of Medicine

[@jarman.rajput]

workded on versa HD for two months

[@gregoryward9125]

Great explanation

[@bioedd]

Love This video... I am a BMET 3 and I also work High Explosive Detection Cat Scans at EWR with aspirations of working on these systems one day.

[@hcking123]

Thanks for explaning

[@negareghbali2798]

who knows how can i download these video?? plz

[@ElektaOfficial]

Hi Negar, how are you planning on using this if you download it?

[@naniaom]

clipconverter.cc you're welcome :)

[@Cosmicblast77]

you can with firefox browser

[@eslamk5031]

Thank you so much

[@darkro4]

assuming you are correct, by doing radio therapy or radio surgery, we are infact destroying healthy tissue while doing minimal damage to cancerous tissue. from my understanding though most linacs use gamma radiation rather than photons

[@lynjames818]

Wrong wrong wrong

[@rafaelm.9774]

Most radiotherapy treatment units today (year 2022) produce x-ray photons and electrons. Other radiation types used for medical treatment (e.g., protons, gamma rays) involve more complex mechanics and other factors. Gamma radiation rays are more widely used in Cobalt--60 radiotherapy units or in radioactive isotopes like Cesium-137.

[@Neurosis_Cordis]

Both gamma rays and X-rays are photons, and the only difference between them nowadays is the source of radiation, with gamma rays coming from radioactive decay, while X-rays are man-made in X-ray tubes or LINACs. X-rays were historically considered as having longer wavelength, and thus lower energy than gamma rays generated by the radioactive decay, which was true back in the day because the only source of X-rays were different types of X-ray tubes that lack capacity to produce radiation in range of gamma ray spectrum of

[@chiragraju821]

I remember doing a project on this in 9th grade. Memories

[@alejandrofernandez7712]

excelente video informativo

[@annapurnan4705]

👌 Good animation

[@abdel-haibenali4159]

Thank you so much, very understandable explanation...