How China Rose Out of Poverty

An explanation of how China rose out of poverty and into prosperity and power within the span of a few decades.
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0:00 Intro
0:55 How Did China Do It?
1:31 Luck & Natural Factors
04:00 Intelligent Leadership
11:50 Culture
14:55 Outro
Sources:
Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China: Ezra F. Vogel - amzn.to/3Dp09qk
Wealth And Power: Orville Schell & John Delury - amzn.to/3WKI50D
How Asia Works: Joe Studwell - amzn.to/3jbNd0b
China's Economy: Arthur R. Kroeber - amzn.to/3JpjtYj
Globalization And Its Discontents: Joseph E. Stiglitz - amzn.to/3HFUbnC
Age Of Ambition: Evan Osnos - amzn.to/3JtE3qF
The affiliate links are not an endorsement of Amazon. Please shop and support wherever you prefer, but if you are going to buy any of these books through Amazon, the affiliate links are a way to support the work on this channel.
Links:
ourworldindata.org/working-hours
supchina.com/2017/10/09/think...
data.worldbank.org/indicator/...
www.populationpyramid.net/pop...
news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d774d31...
Theme music: Double Soul - Unfinished Sympathy

[@dehongzeng6741]

I grew up in rural China in 70's and early 80's. From my own personal experience, I think the education on Chinese history helped me to work hard. We were well aware that we were far behind in terms of modern science and technology, kids were educated to work hard to "catch up".

[@JoeMcKenzie888]

interesting, thank you.

[@xelkim9666]

I'm in my early thirty and still need to work hard to catch up, my older son is barely 10 and is already working hard to ensure he lives a prosperous life in the near future. Education is what many Chinese like myself would prioritize. Thus making our country brighter and farsighted.

[@dehongzeng6741]

@@xelkim9666 共勉！

[@JohnSmith-cz9om]

Hard work is an American corner stone virtue. America went from sailing ships to the moon in less than a hundred years and still had time to create the Green Revolution to feed the world. Chinese rail workers did not work harder than the Irish, they were just cheaper for the rail road companies to kill.

[@gypsyleeleelovestheworld]

@xelkim9666 I think all Americans respect the work ethic and intelligence of the Chinese. We don't respect how many babies and girls are stolen from thier families and sold to farmers who only got to have one child and need more to run the farm.

[@user-pr7uv4ll3s]

As a Chinese student studying at the University of Sydney, I don't think China is a superpower, she is still a developing country, and she still needs a long time to work hard. Moreover, I hope that the future world will be multipolar, without American hegemony, Chinese hegemony, and European hegemony. The most important thing is to let the people of the world live in a stable and harmonious world.

[@user-xk6km8qb5c]

yes, you‘re right。

[@BanzodoAndarilho]

I wish most chinese thought like you, but they don't

[@user-pr7uv4ll3s]

@@BanzodoAndarilho I wish every one of them thought so. It is us, the ordinary people, who are injured by any country claiming world domination. However, many people nowadays are still thinking of the Cold War era, when there could only be one hegemon in the world. Multipolarity, seeking common ground while reserving differences, and making the people of your own country happier by adapting to local conditions is the key.

[@ellashy6539]

@@BanzodoAndarilho lol they do you are the ignorant one just let them settle Taiwan its their own affairs its non of the west's business

[@user-xw4up2th9k]

​@@BanzodoAndarilho实际上很多中国人对西方充满仇恨的原因，就是在近代中国百年屈辱时期西方对中国的侵略、掠夺、屠杀和歧视。那怕是现在，我去美国留学的哥哥都还和我说，尽管西方学生不如我聪明努力，但他们依然和之前一样辱骂、歧视中国人。野蛮无知，这就是很多西方人带给中国人的恶劣印象。 中国人其实并不在乎所谓的世界霸权。我希望你能脱离西方媒体和意识形态，多读一读印度、中国的历史哲学书籍。这样你会更理性，看到一个更和平更不一样的世界。

[@lookfaisangat8233]

In addition to a well produced video, the contributors in the comment section are civil, and respectful. There were no name calling and spouting nonsense. Thank you, everyone.

[@wangherr4090]

yes， you are right， the comments here are peaceful and illustrative~

[@hugehunter121]

It feels very nice compared to other channel's comment sections. It shows what kind of people are attracted to Ryan's channel.

[@zhenwang9377]

I can feel your own civility and cultivation too.

[@user-xk1sy9pl6z]

You're welcome...

[@thedrunkmarxist]

I was surprised to see such respect and civility in the comments

[@tonyeclau]

The hard work ethics of Chinese did not begin in the 70's. It is embedded in them. I have lived and travelled to quite a few countries. Everywhere I went, I noticed Chinese excelling in business and work. They not only work hard, but they are also thrifty. The homes of the parents of the current generation were simple.

[@ftd7435]

Thatz why they say Chinese and Jews share similar traits ... resilient, tenacious, emphasize on education and hardworking with "never-say-die attitude".

[@user-id1ij3vo9c]

@@ftd7435 不不不，我们和犹太人不一样，中国人格局更大，中国人谋求天下大同；而犹太人谋求奴役世界，永远做金字塔的顶尖。

[@ftd7435]

@@user-id1ij3vo9c You misunderstood. What I am saying is Jews and Chinese share the same qualities like hardworking 勤奋, never give up 永不放弃 , resilient 适应性强 and tenacious 顽强 ... not about who wants to be on top or not.

[@user-id1ij3vo9c]

@@ftd7435 你说的确实没错。感谢你对中国人精神的高度评价。但请你不要把我们和犹太人放一起，如果下次你还想夸奖中国人的话。

[@ozsharpener]

They actually did the hardest but also very required work, in the context of very low agricultural output, or called food shortage, during the time, from 1950s until 1970s far before the 1980s reform, which is building up a full spectrum industrial infrastructure (not modern but at least it was sort of self sufficient), nuclear arsenal and space technology. That ensures that they can avoid tragedies they had experienced in each foreign invasion starting from the opium wars. They also rapidly expanded all tiers of education during that period of time, again in the context of food shortage, and then continuously improved that system with huge subsidies, which now allows them to graduate 4 million STEM students with at least a college degree each year.

[@dr.gaosclassroom]

Great video!! Thank you for provide this in-depth analysis in such a short time!! Another factor that might also contribute to the rise was the high literacy level by the 1980s. China had practiced free compulsory education for over thirty years even under extreme poverty between the 1950s and 1980s, first for six years of primary school, later for up to 9 years of middle school. I spent 5 years in a village between 1970 and 1975 in the northeast of China. There was extreme poverty in the village with some people had to supplement their food with weeds and grass in spring time (the hardest time for peasents). However, every child was required to go to school. The teachers from the village public school would visit every family to persuade the parent to send their children to school, especially the girls because many parent prefer the girls to stay at home and help with the house chores and even raising their younger siblings. Girls are not valued as much as the boys. Yet the teacher would try very hard to convince the parents to send all their children to school to finish at least primary school so that they can read and write. By the 1980s, almost all the young Chinese can read and write quite well. As is known now, we are also quite good with math. This means the young people can quickly learn the necessary skills required for industrial jobs even though they might not know anything about it before. The higher education sector also have expanded exponentially since the 1980s. In the early 1980s, only 5% high school graduates was able to get a placement at a university. Now, more than 70% high school graduates go to university. Until 1997, if a high school graduate passed the entry score for the placement at a university in his or her entry examination for higher education, he or she was exempt from tuition fees and accommodation was free. He or she could also pay a small fee if he or she was a few score short of the entry requirement. Today, you would need about $1000 for tuition fee a year plus living expenses. It is still quite cheap comparing to the what people pay for tertiary education around the world. I would say the education level of the Chinese population probably also played a crucial role in the quick rise of China in its economy. I would love to have a conversation with your team on subjects related to China. As a Chinese living abroad, I appreciate and am very grateful for your effort of explaining Chinese affairs to the world. Videos like this one are rare and extremely valuable to reduce misunderstanding and hostility against Chinese people. Thank you!!

[@kishinasura1504]

Not a surprise. One of the most important pursuits of marxist systems is to have everyone reading and writing.

[@BobbyAngmalaysia]

For the best part of 2500 years, China is the world's most powerful country, except the past 200 years. So what you're studying isn't the anomaly, but a return to the norm.

[@IQtichenor]

Excellent point

[@braininavatnow9197]

Government is the only thing that's ever kept China down otherwise it would have been a superpower long time ago and stayed that way.

[@legpol]

B0bby Ang : Yes, China has been the world's most powerful country since time immemorial.

[@BobbyAngmalaysia]

@@legpol no. only around 2,500 years ago after the dynasties were established.

[@BobbyAngmalaysia]

@@braininavatnow9197 well every dynasty or empire has their half lives .. the roman empire, persian empire or egyptian empire ... china lost out to the west from the 1600s onwards in military power because it shut itself off, and from there onwards, it was what they term "century of humiliation" where they were pillaged, raped and robbed by the world powers. I'm not saying china is the world's most powerful country now, but certainly their return was inevitable if you trace back history.

[@oxvendivil442]

Culture plays the biggest role in the speed of rise while luck, natural conditions and good leadership initiates the ability to rise. Competitive culture is great at the beginning but if abused like for example South Korea where capitalists got addicted to the money produced by the high efficiency but neglected its toll on society, society rotted and got hallowed from within because of unbridled competitiveness. Once a country reaches a certain level of development, competitiveness should be decreased to heal an overheated society and maintain its health and well being.

[@Rex-ww4cw]

It's kinda true. If you look at top 5 or 6 countries/region with the highest IQ, those countries are Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hongkong, China and Singapore. All of these countries has been influenced by China and has a very similar culture.

[@user-fi4ut6jl9l]

Sadly this is already the situation we are facing right now🥲hope things will go better in the next few years🤔

[@jasonli7547]

No, culture is just one of the necessities for the success China has achieved. The Chinese culture and China's geographic position have been in existence for thousand years, but miracle did not show up. The 3 characteristics mentioned in this video are necessary for the success.

[@BeBeLan542]

lol Chinese gov will not allow the super capitalists in South Korea. Everything will be acquired by the state finally...look at Jack Ma lol. The biggest capitalist in China is the CCP...

[@blakekennemer1166]

Completely disagree. South Korea went straight from repressive dictatorship to complete neoliberalism. The same deregulatory policies that have been strangling working Americans since Carter and Reagan are what you’re seeing in South Korea, they are just at a later stage of massive wealth disparity

[@cowholy3031]

You just forget to mention one crucial factor in the culture section: the threats from outside. In the last roughly two hundred years, China suffered a lot from those invasion and unequal treaties created by the west and Japan. To defend itself, it is highly necessary and must build a nation of superpower.

[@wei270]

that is part of luck.

[@ritavia5360]

@@wei270 Suffering is suffering, it may be inevitability, but it should never be called luck

[@aoeu256]

Everyone talks about hard work, which hmm has some truth to it, and its politically correct to talk about. Do Chinese really work as hard as say Japanese people or immigrants to Western nations...? China has a bunch of other things: family planning (advocated by westerners), no lobbying by companies, flexible laws, city-planning, , democracy vs meritocracy, local uprisings, frugality, long-term thinking, diet, rationalism vs emotion, lack of market fundamentalism, tolerance for offensive speech[except threats to security], marriage for stability rather than emotions. Some of these advantages are weird and some of them are offensive to talk about in this politically correct world. Family planning policies that were advocated by Western economists. Western countries because of their huge natural resources can brain drain developing nations to get hard workers who pay huge taxes. China can't do that, so they limited children in urban areas unless you paid a fine. This reduced the urban crime, improved taxes, caused people to strive to get good jobs so that they can pay a fine, dropped the cost of housing in cities allowing immigration from rural areas. Instead of unskilled workers in urban areas having 3 children and skilled workers having only one, the lower cost of living in cities helps skilled workers have more children while helping reduce unskilled workers. It also reduces crime, think how much of our GDP is wasted on police and jails. In China cities often built where everything is close by, this how it was done traditionally, this saves lots of oil, but it also lets Chinese easily make friends and network contacts. It also gives the Chinese a village mentality, and if the local government screws the people you can have violent local uprisings against the local government if they screw the people. If local information is available that helps people out it can easily spread (like this business is good, that other business is bad, etc..). American cities are built for atomization and alienation, and all people frequently are screwed because of the lack of local information in our suburbs built to maximize use of cars. Our suburbs were built this way not merely because of lobbying and control of the media by oil interests, but also our click-bait news tends to magnify small crime that exists because we let the wrong people have too many children. Since people feel scared they flee to cars, walls, and suburbs. Chinese frugality is helped by their lack of resources, but its also because of Chinese have less social security than Americans this makes them bigger savers, . Saving is important when you have lots of young people in developing nations that are big spenders. Chinese in general think long-term, they don't marry for short term reasons like you like how somebody looks, and knowing what to say at initial courtship. Western marriage is based on infatuation, and after people get to know each other their feelings will fall and guess what at that time many women will decide to simply divorce. Since Men could lose half of their assets, Men do not want to marry. Our culture is based on untrue narratives of "happily ever after". I'll finish the rest of my post later...

[@jayliezambella]

@@aoeu256 wat ur saying isn't true tho, and ur also using talking points of neonazis. China didn't do wat it did thro the process ur trying to say, and it's honestly disgusting and disturbing how open u r ok with calling for Nazism. U can pretend ur speaking for China, but the last bits of ur comments abt certain ppl having kids, which we know is a dog whistle for black individuals,and then ur comments abt marriage,which overall isn't true.plenty of countries have similar systems with marriage, and it doesn't equal anything of wat ur saying. So, maybe u should stop being a racist neonazi and realize that u can't do the same thing another country does,bc every country is different. As well, eugenics and neonazism isn't ok. So,I'm not going to pretend like that's not wat ur talking abt, bc it clearly is,and ur clearly a bigot. Nazism, eugenics, and fascism r 1 in the same and china didn't do that, and infact china had a child problem, where children were given up to avoid the fine.

[@houhou7529]

​@@jayliezambella Very bad of you to call another person Nazi without grounded evidence. Promoting stable marriage is very good for the stability of a society and has nothing to do with eugenics, because knowing one's future spouse conprehensively and being loyal to the legal spouse are basic virtues in the marriage, and divorce is mostly bad for the children's growth which may thus incur much mental illness for children and many subsequant social problems. Another fact: Chinese couples mostly used to live togather for a long period of time (usually 3-10 years) before they get married in order to get know each other throughly and make the loved one get around into his/her original family. That's the reason why chinese marriages used to be more stable. Addition: Thanks to the fake "happily ever after" American culture promoted by some chinese experts and intellectuals, many young people tend to have quick marriage (get registered in less than 2 months since they meet each other) despite the opposition from the older generation, which certainly caused a skyrocket divorce rate in China and many social problems such as the custody of children and the split of the property.

[@frankcui3834]

Ryan, you have a clear and objective mind. Not biased by political trends surround you. To develop an economy, the most critical factors are: a) stable politics, b) pro-business regulations, and c) people willing to work and able to learn. Think Japan, Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. It doesn't matter to be autocratic or democratic. A lot of people believe democracy with an general election system is the key for prosperity. That is why they are so shocked and confused when they see China catching up with US. Unless the western politicians can be as objective as you are, a lot of countries will continue struggling and arguing in the swamp.

[@Eterrath]

Hello. My country Bangladesh has had unprecedented economic growth in the past decade but even yesterday innocent people were killed getting caught in between clash of student groups of two political parties. It's a region of growing political instability and democracy has been completely abolished due to openly vote rigging. Any form of free speech activity comes with life-threatening consequences. How does this correlate with the first factor for a country's economic development?

[@scorpiom8053]

Coming from someone who lives in a democratic country (Lithuania). Definitely. Our current ministry tries very hard to mess up relations with China and they did indeed succeed. However our population is I'd say neutral towards but in general supportive of China. The negative minority tends to speak the loudest. It's best dislike fear mongerers NOT countries.

[@jackchiu7560]

@@scorpiom8053 I'm glad to have a chance to chat with someone from Lithuania, 'Scorpio'M. Please give us an insight into the reason why Lithuania jeopardized its diplomatic tie with China by allowing a "Taiwanese Representative Office" in Vilnius when the Lithuanian government knows full well that the U.S. wants to undermine China's sovereignty with a long-term objective of creating a false sense of "Two Chinas" or "One China One Taiwan" or "One China Two Countries." What compelled Lithuania to donate 20,000 doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine to Taiwan when Lithuania doesn't have the vaccine manufacturing facility and when Lithuania didn't even have enough vaccines for its own citizens? Does your foreign minister Gabrielius Landsbergis hold absolute power in Lithuania because he's the grandson of the founding father of Lithuania after the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991? I understand that the U.S. granted Lithuania a $600 million export credit agreement as a consolation prize for its stance against China. However, it's just a drop in the ocean compared to Lithuanian exports to China and, even worse, it isn't free aid (like the $3 billion the U.S. gives Israel every year). These are among the many questions that people in the Far East find it pretty hard to fathom. Your answers will be highly appreciated. Thank you.

[@jackchiu7560]

​@@Eterrath Since 2016 when Bangladesh signed up to China's Belt & Road Initiative, your country became of second largest recipient of Chinese funds after Pakistan in the whole South Asia region. The integration of Chinese investments with the on-going infrastructure developments in Bangladesh caught the attention of the U.S.A. You will need to look at the color revolution the U.S. has been waging in various ASEAN countries such as Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar and now Bangladesh to understand the severity of the problems.

[@sheldoncooper4192]

well in China we call India the Control group, since in the 1980s China and india has similar gdp and similar population. ALL the western call India the next super power, since india is democracy and China is "evil communist dictatorship" so india sure SHOULD perform better right? now it`s just a meme that we make fun of.

[@k.k.c8670]

Another point is in the 80s, China had the good fortune of a vast (and quite rich) diaspora in Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand, Taiwan etc. Those were the people who primarily bankrolled the light manufacturing that set China on its course to be the shop floor to the world. Japanese, US and European countries came after that phase. Back in the 1980s and 90s, China used to send hoards of officials on study trips to Singapore and if you look at China even today, you see a lot of Singapore in it... Huge SOEs dominating the economy, superb urban planning, suzhou-style industrial parks, strict control of the populace, 1 party system management etc. Singapore especially shared a lot with China on governance and such after Deng xiaoping visited Singapore in 1978 and was impressed by how the majority ethnic-Chinese state was doing. They even had special university and policy programs for Chinese officials in Singapore. Subsequently, they also learned a lot from studying the Japanese system which Singapore also looked at in the 60s and 70s...tripartite relations between govt, industry and labour as an example. But today, the student has overtaken the teachers and has raced ahead in many aspects. A lot of the learning is now going the other way.

[@arminius6506]

It's Singapore at mega scale.

[@khein2204]

so japan learns from china in ancient times, singapore learns from japan, and then china learns from singapore and japan, wew it's a cycle

[@shaonan112]

Singapore is arguably the paragon of benevolent and enlightened authoritarianism.

[@k.k.c8670]

@@shaonan112 and yet, it gets off relatively easy from American and western scorn.

[@shaonan112]

@@k.k.c8670 and I like the way Lee Kuan Yew responded to the scorn by the west. “Why do you assume that Asians are somehow unable to understand Western ways of life & that they would be so much better if they become more like the West?” during his interview with Tim Sebastian on BBC HARD Talk.

[@yong4265]

Two more driving forces to transform China should include infrastructure building and education. The infrastructure building has given the country a base for industrialization to happen. In addition to its own university improvements, it sends out millions of students to study abroad and brings back technology to raise up its level of competitiveness.

[@Cyberium]

And infrastructure is doable because Chinese government has bigger say on how to use a piece of land, compare to States where politicians risk votes and popularity, where people can to hoard the land for the biggest bidder.

[@samaich5545]

Educatiom really doesnt matter.

[@KuziemekK]

​@@samaich5545 XDDDD

[@Po-village-chief]

Brief but insightful analysis. Amazing someone who has never been to China has some cogent analysis. It shows being open minded and willing to research and investigate make a big difference in the quality of reporting. In comparison to mainstream corporate media's China "reporting", which is mostly smear campaign and propaganda, this kind of citizen reporting helps bridge difference and further understanding. Huge kudos to Chapman and look forward to more of your good work.

[@kriskisbulck786]

They don’t research, they copy. And most Chinese lives are terrible today, The ccp should pay this idiot more to be a little more informed i guess lol.

[@rocketman1553]

@Kris Kisbulck voice of a jealous anti China troll.

[@kriskisbulck786]

@@rocketman1553 Nope I actually lived in South East Asia and also travelled through China. I adore the common Chinese people and their indigenous culture. I do however have a problem with the ccp and their human right abuses and even more have a problem with idiots rootiing for that criminal organisation. There is a reason why most Chinese people would leave China if they could. Not cause they hate their country but the criminals running it. And everyone pandering to that regime and their policies or even takes them serious is a malicious idiot. Most Chinese will agree with that if they weren't either too scared or brainwashed. Further i really do not understand your comment about me being jealous about whatever. Am European and having been around the world i know i am privileged for all the freedom and wealth i have. I for example have the freedom to openly have a problem with a criminal regime that organises slavery and concentration camps.

[@sjsupa]

I am sorry, but this piece is just another mostly smear campaign and propaganda. The leading factor of the Chinese success was the proximity to the rich neighbors? What rich neighbors? US and EU are 1/3 of the Globe away, making it collectively the farthest possible away .

[@rocketman1553]

@Kris Kisbulck Firstly, living in south east Asia doesn't make you understand China more than I do. Secondly, CPC haters like you always brandish human rights as the weapon against Chinese leaders. Human rights and freedom are not defined and monopolised by western political leaders, it is defined by the country citizens. China has successfully contained and controlled the pandemic for the past 2 years, saving millions of lives. When the pandemic was first identified in Wuhan in early 2020, China has adopted a bold step of locking down the whole country when the rest of the world accused China being authoritarian blah, blah, blah. Now the world confesses what China has done was right, but their so called 'democratic ' countries couldn't do what China could. So, if the so called democratic countries like USA, India, U.K. etc couldn't even safeguard their own people's lives from the pandemic, what more human rights do you want from China? Moreover in the past 30 years, China has lifted 800 million people out of extreme poverty. Every person has at least a roof above their heads. Homelessness is completely eradicated and becomes thing of past. Compare this to USA, homelessness is now a major social issue. Where is American's human rights gone? China has also built approximately 38,000 km HSR at reasonable prices, 912,800 toll free bridges, accessible national healthcare at affordable rates, numerous skyscrapers and infrastructures to improve people's lives. What more human rights do you want from China? Can other democratic countries match what China has accomplished? People from the west are least qualified to accuse China of human rights infringements. Looking through history, people from the west are the biggest human rights perpetrators. Corruptions happen in most countries, not just China. Since president Xi was in power, he has successfully stamped out many high ranking corrupted officials. They were removed/arrested. Obviously when you talk to a Chinese who is very scared of the government and wants to leave the country, you cannot just jump to the conclusion that China government is tyrannical without omitting the possibility that he or she is a law breaker. Before the pandemic, every year there were about a million Chinese travelling out of China either holidaying or business, and there are also a million Chinese traveling back to their own country every year. So what about your theory on most people want to leave China? You really have to do more research before spilling lies and rumours.

[@a9udn9u]

I was born a few years after the Reform & Opening up policy was implemented, from within China, I eye witnessed its growth from dirt poor to moderately wealthy, then I moved to the US, with the rosy imagination of a country truly "of the people, by the people, for the people", 10 years after, I think I now understand both the US and China much better than before. Why China developed faster than the rest of the world? Let me give you my answer: China, like all countries, has its advantages and disadvantages in natural factors and culture, luck applies to all countries. Those won't make or break the development of a country, the only real differentiator is the CPC. CPC is one of the most competent government in the world. It's as simple as that.

[@wanghui562]

I have come to the same conclusion. Every administrator of the CPC have undergone an extensive amount of gruelling meritocratic competition. They have competence. No country, however many natural advantages they have, can prosper for long without competent leadership.

[@andil835]

china is blessed with smart people with great culture. and smart people is the essences of smart government i believe, it is the people of china who make china great. even if china govern by different authority, china will thrive and become great. in broader term, east asia people are smart. four asian tiger plus japan have impressive development also under various government system.

[@user-gr5mz8hq2s]

@@andil835 without CPC, China wouldn't be China today. u can't take those asian tigers as comparison, the scale is on diff level. india is quite for comparison, same scale, same timing of modern history (post ww2), almost same everything, and the output today shows that CPC is indeed the key factor.

[@didida6207]

简单粗暴，但同时真实客观的回答。。。 我曾经自己闲来无事思考过中国农村基层的体制问题。。。因为自己出身农村，很贫穷的自然村落。。。对于现行的农村村委等制度一度认为需要彻底改变。。。 直至疫情爆发，我他妈才恍然大悟，毛泽东之所以留给中国基层现行的制度，是因为新中国是从战火中走出来的，这是目前人类能够抵御灾难与动荡最好的体制。。。。 存在即道理。。。看似不被理解的事物，遇到了一次疫情，彻底改变了我

[@ifuknjk]

it is teng s. ping who opened up coastal counties for trade with the world n exports of china made goods that make china wat it is today...

[@Brosemon]

I recently read about "Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" and it was very interesting cuz it talks about how Deng, correctly, looked at Marx's writing itself and how Marx believed that communism could only happen in industrialized, capitalist systems. He didn't believe you could go from feudalism to communism. Capitalism is a necessity. Political leadership that sticks to ideology over material concerns are not only silly, but, one could even argue, counter to the materialism lens of dialectical materialism.

[@Who-vt9oh]

That means that China's next step is communism.

[@antediluvianatheist5262]

@@Who-vt9oh No, China's next step is MORE socialism. Then MORE socialism. Then eventually, when the empire has fallen, and most of the world or all of it is fully socialist, THEN communism.

[@Who-vt9oh]

@@antediluvianatheist5262 I wasn't aware the workers had seized the means of production in China? When did that happen?

[@ThatBoomerDude56]

@@antediluvianatheist5262 No. Communism is a fantasy system that is based on fallacious ideas about human nature and the source of value. It cannot be implemented on a national scale among humans.

[@ThatBoomerDude56]

@@Who-vt9oh Nope. Communism cannot be implemented among humans.

[@JXjohn]

Unbiased and open-minded are the key words I think everyone might derive from watching this excellent and educational video.

[@lkhxlt7689]

Malaysian Chinese taipan, took the affords to invest heavy to break the ice when China opened for foreign investments. Many still did not have confidence in Communist China when the stability of the law was still obscured. Malaysian Companies have difficulties in investing in their own country. The biggest company and riches person decided to moved his assets to Hong Kong, where he invested heavily in China. With the success there, other countries Chinese taipan have confidence which created a flood of foreign investments. Deng xiao ping did a good job. Hopefully other late comer countries can follow soon.

[@alantan9863]

Robert Kuok and a few Malaysians with Chinese ancestry do invest in China for sure.

[@feather563]

Although short (would've loved to watch a longer video on your analysis), this video is simply excellent. Quite objective, data-based and sound arguments. I would also love to watch more of your content!

[@liberlynn]

I should be pacing myself through your videos, because I'll be sad when I've finished them all and have to wait for the next one. But my mind is so hungry for all this! Please keep doing what you're doing. It's valuable and we appreciate it! 💙

[@RobinHerzig]

Hard not to drop a ‘LIKE’ + a quick comment, not only because your videos are super interesting, thorough + easy to digest, but because you ask nicely 😄 humility on youtube is endearingly refreshing 👍

[@meritocracy168]

I sort of disagree with you on the luck condition where China is surrounded by wealthy countries. What about Mexico, Caribbeans or central America if that luck condition holds? They are adjacent or close to the US, the most wealthy and developed country in the world. But they haven't benefited much from the decades of American prosperity.

[@MrDoomedtofail]

The USA being your neighbour is probably the worst luck a country can have.

[@bowenwong1569]

You are right, I don't know why he has to put it that way! Luck? Come on! Surrounded by wealthy countries that were Willing to Trade with China?? China was and is a big potential market!!

[@Andrew-gr9yt]

Latin America simply failed to learn like China. Their more authoritarian/non-liberal style of govts, that they integrated from their Spanish rulers, has left them in the dust. Mexico heavily benefits from the US neighbor (if you ignore the drug war). 80% of Mexico’s exports go the the US. The US-Mexican border is the most traded border in the world. Mexico is on track to become America’s largest trading partner, and probably will remain so for the rest of our lifetime, due to America’s slow withdraw from globalism. The only reason Mexico is so poor is because all of its working age men crossed into the US, due to loss of faith in the Mexican government. But now that Mexico’s working class exodus is aggressively slowing down, due to increase in living standards. Mexico is about to a major win story over the next couple of decades; super healthy demographics, large amount of healthy infrastructure into the US, US’s largest industrialization since the late 1800s (which will bleed into Mexico due to cheap labor), and US corporate’s mass exodus of China. I am very bullish for Mexico’s future!

[@Andrew-gr9yt]

If you’re interested in learning more about why Latin America is a failure here’s some sources kzbin.info/www/bejne/iYHWZ6egjdiZba8 kzbin.info/www/bejne/m5fdZXShmtlll9E kzbin.info/www/bejne/g3PTiYijqd94n8k

[@joem0088]

Mexico is not doing so bad. Population is much smaller. And its tough to have much a powerful neighbour.

[@hl1234561]

As a Chinese, I will tell you why. One is that Chinese culture attaches great importance to education. Chinese people have high intelligence, mathematics, physics and chemistry are very good, this is the foundation.In addition, China is a one-party country, and a policy can last for decades. No opposition party will obstruct the implementation of the policy, but there are good and bad here, and a good leadership team is needed. There is another reason, and the most important reason. Chinese people are hardworking. This is the core of Chinese culture for thousands of years. Chinese people in mainland China, Taiwan, Singapore or other countries have this characteristic.

[@kriskisbulck786]

It's propably because of their high education they ptoduce the most corrupt society where they can only copy what others invent and where a human life is worth nothing???? What a joke!!!!

[@Rose-hu1mo]

@@kriskisbulck786 Are you kidding? Almost 800000 people died during pandemic in USA and you think that human life is worth nothing in China?

[@amosblack6851]

@@kriskisbulck786 Yeah! You showed me the funniest joke of the day. thx!

[@morrismak]

@@kriskisbulck786 how many soldiers died due to unnecessary conflict? Innocent lives in those countries? And how many murdered by guns in the US?

[@greentea8852]

@@kriskisbulck786 Copy? Do you suddenly have selected amnesia? You forgot they invented paper, noodle, printing, compass (the west used it to colonize), gun powder for firecracker (the west used it to create weapons), etc, you are a joke

[@sammylee9402]

You are much smarter than almost every politician in my country - Australia!

[@skyj9199]

Stand with Dan!

[@zhungbob9906]

hahaha almost you're right

[@demian8439]

Ryan, I just wanted to add that I love your channel and I’m incredibly grateful for the work you do.

[@Trinitypater]

Great content! Love the way you expose the subjects! Super didactic. Thank you so much 😊

[@kuanged]

Yes, any 14 year old in China can tell you that build order matters to your early and midgame strategy.

[@leonal522]

As Ryan is concerned, I think rather than forcing an encyclopedia-like ability to cover every aspect of a subject comprehensively, one needs to marvel at his amazing talent to pin-point the exact quote from an ocean of official documents, presenting his observations with surgical precision in a 16 min video while not missing the bull's eye (主要矛盾). For a foreigner like himself, it's almost like harpooning the exact labeled fish in the vastness of the Pacific. I think his 16 minutes version is better than Richard Wolve's hour-long narrative on the same subject.

[@michaelkatz275]

For a Wu Mao, your English is excellent. You must have a graduate degree from one of the better universities around Beijing, or perhaps you studied overseas.

[@michaelkatz275]

P.S. You should ask your taskmaster for a raise.

[@leonal522]

@@michaelkatz275 Thanks for the compliment, although I'd prefer if it is from Ryan himself.

[@eylab1541]

A foreigner? Does he live in China? Why are you calling him a foreigner?

[@leonal522]

@@eylab1541 Foreigner means non-Chinese-citizen

[@AramisWyler]

Thank you for the clear, calm, and researched explanation. I especially like that you tossed an X factor in there, that's just fun.

[@YoungTang]

I have very high respect for you knowing how much research you have done to come up with such detailed videos.

[@michaelkocevar]

Excellent as usual Ryan. You should do one on innovation and what cultivates it. Who has it and why and who is struggling for it and why.

[@Dawson2011H]

First of all, I applaud you to state the facts without the anti-China narrative which our medias are constantly doing. Second, the success of a company depends its people. 996 is one of the way to compete. The early days of Wall Street is 996. Every year, bottom 5% goes. Yep, that was furious competition, and that was time of highly productive. No longer. I guess there should be a balance between productivity and personal life. A burned out individual will eventually quit.

[@binyugo4988]

Actually 996 group is just a small portion who has louder voice on Internet. I think China’s leapfrogging depends on factory works who worked more than 996, even 6-10-7 and rare holidays, back to early 2000, who were mostly illiterate.

[@NicholasPangaribuan]

True, China is not evil but it is not the best country either. I wouldn't want their 996 culture to be exported to my country. Even though me living in SEA have seen that every year, we're working for more and more hours (paid monthly not hourly). And I 100% sure it is influenced by our bigger neighbour.

[@meilinchan7314]

Oh the anti-China narrative is there alright. He doesn't mention it directly.

[@kennekan7990]

@@NicholasPangaribuan totally understand and as a Chinese ppl I tk it’s more of a cultural thing that has been influencing Chinese ppl ard the world to be hardworking and craving for success. It’s somehow good for the society But for individuals it’s definitely not a good thing. I heard ppl complaining a lot about their work all the time and a big portion of them have moved to developed countries like US and Canada and Australia etc. Tbh I sorta reckon this as a inevitable process if you wanna catch up with developed world without colonization and war. So hopefully we could pass this stage soon and have a more balanced life. Peace

[@christine4490]

@@NicholasPangaribuan As a Chinese, I agree with you that China is not the best country (of course, not evil). China is just a normal country that always push itself to be better, also always competing with itself. When China was newly borned in 1949, it was really poor, evern poorer than most African countries at that time. From the very beginning, the govement always wants to provide its people better lives. Western countries were able to gained enormous wealth through colonization, war and so on and used that to industrialize and modernize their countries; but China can't and it was too poor. The only way left to China to rise its people is by its people. So, in old days, everyone was working hard in order to get a better lives for everyone. After decades, China now is way more better than it used to be, thanks to its people, our older generations. However, things change now. 996 culture is a problem which is highly influenced by capitalism in modern China. Capital borrowed traditional Chinese moral standards - "Hardingworking" to squeeze the labor fruits of the working class in order to seek more wealth for itself, Capital, not for the state and its people. This is totally different situation compared with older Chinese generations. In this case, I totally agree with you that don't allow this come into your hometown. This is not good. China is fighting with this problem these years. Anyway, all I want to say is that China is definitely not perfect; and it is still a developing country and still needs to improve, a lot.

[@TheYahn]

Your videos are pretty uniquely re-watchable, algorithm must be picking up on that big time Keep it upp and thank you Ryan

[@seansmith7824]

Thank you. I knew most this already, but the way you put it together provide fresh insights.

[@FromTheHeart2]

How they did it? Essentially by letting the Soviets fight, and lose, the ideological battles, while taking the pragmatic high road. Today, it's the Chinese who defend free trade at the WTO while those who invented it close frontiers...Who knew!!! Excellent channel!!! Thanks a lot for sharing!!!

[@tydizzledc9940]

Keep these coming. Excited to see the next topic!!

[@christopherbettridge5983]

I really enjoy listening/viewing your videos, Ryan Chapman. Extremely informative without demanding your audience agree with you.

[@jameslee8997]

Brilliant presentation. Love your clarification on “culture” - education is key.

[@Nathan-hs2ut]

Very exciting series, keep it up!

[@frankmerriwell8339]

I appreciate the based research and neutral perspective on this topic. But someone has to address the elephant in the room here - the communist party. That’s a subject the western media wouldn’t touch with a six foot pole. As a Chinese I find it funny how little the west understand the mindset and mechanism of this organization - the biggest organization in the world. In the face of capital market and globalization a poor country would easily divide against itself and fall into chaos, which you have seen in so many smaller countries. It takes more than just ‘dictatorship’ and ‘propaganda’ to achieve what China has accomplished today.

[@UNQUELLED]

So I have been doing some experiment - observe a person’s reaction (mostly Americans) when you tell them that a Chinese citizen who, has never left China in their life, (given similar level of education) often knows and understands way more about the west than they would know about China. And people are absolutely triggered by, they want to show that they don’t give a fuck and(because?) they had figured it all out, but you will see very soon that their picture of how Chinese government and society work is made of 50% second hand news and 50% imagination.

[@TheHesseJames]

That's correct. The CCP is completely authoritarian but strives to do good for the people. They'll fail here and there but will eventually correct course. I think currently they fail with their COVID strategy but eventually they will correct themselves. But still I would never exchange my cicvil liberties against a benevolent authoritarian regime. Nevertheless, the willingness to constantly assess what goes right and what goes wrong and the openess to learn from others is commendable. However, now that China became a superpower this openess will probably decline and humility will be replaced by vanity.

[@HsiaFan]

@@TheHesseJames u r right, the national proud of celebrating what have been achieved took more part in people’s mind here in China, the modesty that used to drive the wheel of development are now replaced by proud. A certain level of ignorance among common citizens r not helping that agenda. I’m thrilled and worried at the same time.

[@peteferguson518]

He's not neutral, there's no such thing as a neutral point of view.

[@landmerry_6742]

@@peteferguson518 That doesn't excuse not trying to achieve it in the first place. Objectivity should be sought after.

[@Eliterubberduck]

Always enjoy your videos! As insightful and measured as always.

[@Shakez76]

Another great one Ryan. Thanks for your perspective.

[@georgesquire533]

Criminally underated channel, another great video👍

[@ex0duzz]

A big part that is missed is that Chinese diaspora was also educated and willing to help. If Chinese can already do it in every Chinatown in the world, can do it in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore etc, of course Chinese on the mainland can also do it. They just needed to learn, and learn they did in earnest after Deng. Hong Kong and Shenzhen are good examples of learning and experimentation. Also learning from Silicon Valley and western companies of course on micro level

[@hillehai]

It's called stealing within this context, not "learning."

[@feifeishuishui]

@@hillehai A hater is a hater. I agree with ex0duzz. Among them, Chinese people in Taiwan and Singapore are among the major investors and teachers.

[@user-qwertyuiopasdfghj]

@@feifeishuishui and now XI is trying to destroy Hong Kong and invade Taiwan both are our closest brother. As someone from China how I wish we had democracy

[@lmiketenn]

Excellent presentation Ryan....it was very enlightening. Thanks for putting things in perspective.

[@VWYL900802]

Btw, I really like how you explain this because I’ve always been explained or discussed about this in dim sum or dinner so it’s always Chinese, but hearing it explained to me in English helps me know how to explain it to others in English because political lingo is different in different cultures.

[@e-magineerAllThings2003]

Also, the US politicians are mostly lawyers and the Chinese politicians are mostly scientists and engineers. I think this makes a difference.

[@herry0221]

No, that’s not true. A lot of PRC officials’ diploma are fake. For example, Xi Jinping. China is not a normal country, CCP has controlled all the academic institutions in China. If a VIP needs a degree, the party will make the college to make one.

[@dongshengdi773]

😂😹😂😹😂 scientists and engineers ? ? ?

[@ValentinoX]

I thought US politicians are clowns

[@bozhang696]

lawyers have long view than engineers

[@mateusmahumane8990]

Agree with all what you have said, especially #2, gradualism, as they called it "crossing the river by feeling the stones", unlike the Soviet Union and India.

[@wzyjoseph7317]

Clam, unbiased, precise analysis! Pretty Impressive!

[@MsOceanstar]

Just stumbled into your vblog! Refreshing, and Thank you. I am new subscriber.

[@Tbonesteak23]

Informative and unbiased video. Well done Ryan. One thing I do want to point out is that people tend to focus on Deng's reform and the opening up era, as it's more recent and easier to understand. However, as brutal and chaotic as Mao's era was, there is something from Mao's era that actually accelerated China's growth after the opening-up: China's relationship with USSR in the 50's created a crude but comprehensive heavy industrial system: machinery, metallurgy, chemical engineering, military, shipping, automobile, you name it. The seeds for every major industrial sector were sown in that era, and this later enabled China to be able to survive, copy, and evolve in manufacturing once international trades started to really flow.

[@angeliquewu8318]

Completely agree. Not only that, but also the governmental spread of education, attitudes on gender equality, and also belief in science.

[@reinbellkg1468]

Also schools, universities, hospitals, highways, bridges, railways ,and more than 20000 reservoirs and dams , large manufacturers that had more than 20000 workers in each. the most important things are the foundations. No one talks about it. Oh, also much stronger army systems

[@haoguangyang3172]

There's a few points I'd like to address here: 1. there's a common misconception in the West as well as in China on the land reform that is the decollectivization led to the food growth. In fact the surge in food production started in early 70s after Mao introduced modern fertilizer production. The decollectivization, contary to a lot of people's impression, actually didn't help with the situation in the countryside at all if any it only made things worse. After the decollectivization, many of the public owned agronomic related properties, such as the tractors in the collective farm, were not properly distributed and maintained which led to a wave of demodernization in the agronomic practices after the economic reform. The main goal of the land reform was not to develop the countryside but instead to drive the peasants to the city as the cheap labor (in Chinese 农民工, peasant workers). Those workers have very little negotiating power to the captial, and with the suppression of worker union in China after 1978, their labor was much exploited(it even is still much a problem till today). 2. again relating to the land reform. The process you described as surplus to feed manufacturing, mostly occurred during Mao's era that is the surplus of of the agriculture was used to supply the development of heavy industry (by prioritizing the food supply to the city). The surplus created during the 1978 land reform was mostly manpower instead of agricultral production. 3. Fk the 996 culture, it's so toxic and the company should be heaviliy punished for that. I myself didn't experience it but I was in China's education system up until highschool. While on the one hand I appreciate the great sicentific knowledge it provided me with, but I have to say the intensity is just insane. I can't say for sure whether I approve that system or not. Thanks for the video, I think you really went in depth than most people and gave us a unbiased comment on the matter. I'd like to encourage you to read more sources of Chinese scholars on the matter, especially the ones that directly participated in this process, they usually gives a very internal perspective on the matter, often in contridiction to the textbook explanation on a lot of things.

[@Xind0898]

996 culture is the product of circumstances that cannot be avoided. The oversupply of workforce that existed in China meant the negotiating force behind the workers are very weak, so the employers can have very demanding asks without been punished economically, sure, you can unionize and fight the corporates with collective bargaining but that will drive all your foreign investment away (they can always find a country where union doesn't exist), so you might end up jobless anyway. Sure it's bad, but it's a process that has to happen. Nowadays as higher skilled workers are in shorter supply, that's where you see 996 culture has been challenged.

[@sheldoncooper4192]

you`ve got a really good point here, ryan seem not very knowledgeable about mao-era, which is considered the foundation of deng-era

[@leonal522]

Good observation. As Ryan is concerned, I think rather than forcing an encyclopedia-like ability to cover every aspect of a subject comprehensively, one needs to marvel at his amazing talent to pin-point the exact quote from an ocean of official documents, presenting his observations with surgical precision in a 16 min video while not missing the bull's eye (主要矛盾). For a foreigner like himself, it's almost like harpooning the exact labeled fish in the vastness of the Pacific. I think his 16 minutes version is better than Richard Wolve's hour-long narrative on the same subject.

[@royhuang9715]

@@Xind0898 I found you extremely stupid and lacking any knowledge. USA labor unionized in the 19th centuries and then during Great Depression there is massive Union movement. Did US manufacturing move aboard? No it didn’t happen. Union membership were high in the 1960s, factories stayed in the US. It’s only when Reagan crushed Union in the states, then corporations finally able to shift their manufacturers aboard. Also Japanese manufacturers like Toyota invested in US and manufactured in US even though they know all their worker will be Union worker, they did it anyway because it’s profitable to do so. So your argument is just baseless assumptions and pathetic opinion you got from decades of neoliberal brainwashing. Also, foreign firms in China actually doesn’t practice 996 or overtime without compensation. The foreign firms are perfectly fine with 40 hour work week and work life balance. So establishing 40 hour work week won’t affect foreign investment at all.

[@Xind0898]

@@royhuang9715 first of all, why the insult? Did I hurt your family or something, if you want to discuss something, discuss it, why be petty? To your last point about foreign firms don't practise 996 sure but to use that as an example to show unionization doesnt hurt is weird, because foreign entity is only a very small part of 'foreign investment'. all the factories and plants are producing goods to be sold abroad, and the capital of establishing those plants are often foreign investment based finance vehicles or with foreign technologies, and those factories and plants are the pioneer of 996 culture. Often called 'sweatshops'. To your earlier point about the US history with union. This is also a weird take on the issue. We are on the topic that is "does union chase away foreign investment?" Not "does union chase away domestic investment?" Those two are different because in the event of China, unlike US, domestic investment is non-existent, foreign investment is the only key to success. and also unlike the US, the RMB is not a global reserve currency and there is yet to be any credible exchange market, so China can't attract foreign investment like the US does. China also don't have high skilled workers or any technological edge like Japan or Europe at the time when it first opened up, so China as a country like it's workers don't have much negotiating power. So China's only advantage is 'cheap labours'. So in this context, any logical person would know that union will hurt China's only competive advantage, and drive away the foreign investment into plants and factories, because there are plenty other counties that can replace China to produce those cheap goods.

[@crazyjohnhoward]

Very intelligent and detailed analysis.. love the fact you are taking about this subject based on data and not idealogy

[@almala2022]

Thank you for being objective yet simple and understandable

[@weilee1155]

If you look at those earlier economic powerhouse of East Asia like Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong amd Singapore You will notice a common characteristics among these countries/area during their high growth era That is their government were to some degree of authoritarian

[@donchen4906]

The countries had most destruction power or most influential in WW2 were gov with certain authoritarian, Japan, Germany, Soviet and US. Those liberalism planed almost no role in it

[@ashutoshsingh3204]

But Japan was a liberal democracy.

[@weilee1155]

@@ashutoshsingh3204 Japan has been ruled by the same party for more than 50 years during its peak time..I dont think a country that never gone thru change of government can be classified as true democracy

[@ashutoshsingh3204]

@@weilee1155 @Wei Lee How do you apply the "some degree of authoritarian" label to Japan during its "high growth era"?

[@weilee1155]

@@ashutoshsingh3204 Ruled by the same party without opposition voice That itself is the charateristic of authoritarian

[@NicolasSauveur]

Brilliant, Thank you for this clear and insightful piece ! I really like the way you break it down. In the leadership section, did you consider "political stability" as another reason for success ? Seems to me that a country with a stable governance over decades can have long term strategy and bring it to life efficiently over time. Whereas our democraties are handicapped by recurrent power shift and thus policy changes ( even more problematic when democraties malfunction and turn into political circus ).

[@olinzen2879]

As a chinese i have to say you got the point one of very importent

[@overlordborn6131]

Democratic government often falls into vote Bank politics , short term results and populist leadership which are all bad for long term growth of overall economy.

[@NicolasSauveur]

@@overlordborn6131 cannot agree more

[@craigpoer]

Just the comments are worth watching the video. Keep finding myself distacted reading the civil, interesting feed back. Very nice

[@amelielambert2337]

An interesting video and an interesting commment section. Thank you!

[@olsterman937]

Love the videos man

[@cooper1819]

Very good perspective on China's "unprecedented growth", however should not dismiss the rise of Asian Tigers, and specifically Singapore. Singapore has special relationship with China, as the only Chinese-majority country & city outside of China, that had shown path to rise in a single generation - illiterate coolies in world's largest slums to first world city-state. Since having similar culture and especially language, the majority Chinese in Singapore could speak Mandarin, Singapore was key base for China to learn. Knowing China-Japan history, they would not have find it easy to replicate Meiji modernization but just as reference. Here are some statements below, and good study of China's growth and society could be seen in much smaller setting in Singapore. "To date, Singapore is the only country that China’s top leaders have publicly claimed as a learning model. " "Xi Jinping, then Vice President of the People’s Republic of China, said in a meeting with Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew: “Mr Deng Xiaoping repeatedly mentioned the need to learn from Singapore when he was alive. This was necessary in the past, and remains so in the present and future.” In November 2015, when President Xi visited Singapore, during a lecture delivered at the National University of Singapore entitled “Forging a Strong Partnership to Enhance Prosperity of Asia,” he reiterated Deng’s initiative and discussed the various ways China had put the knowledge it gained through Singapore into practice. Western scholar Elizabeth C. Economy remarked that Xi’s reforms would turn China into “a Singapore on steroids”." "Since then, over 50,000 cadres have been sent to Singapore on almost a monthly basis to study every aspect of the so-called “Singapore model.”Footnote2 It has been suggested that Singapore constitutes only the second role model for China after the Soviet Union, and has been the only country called on by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leaders to learn from since the late 1970s.Footnote3 In a recent Asia Barometer survey, the top two learning models in Chinese ordinary people's eyes are the US and Singapore.Footnote4" www.thinkchina.sg/construction-singapore-model-mainland-china www.cambridge.org/core/journals/china-quarterly/article/china-and-the-singapore-model-perspectives-from-midlevel-cadres-and-implications-for-transnational-knowledge-transfer/932FD456103899E6DFCB961F53C88BA8

[@joem0088]

The astonishing thing about China is not what it learned, but that it CAN learn at all being such a proud ancient culture, and had all the certitudes of Marxism. Clearly the problem of any powerful group whether it's a family, university, NGO, company, a religion, a country, or a nation is that it does not learn.

[@sheldoncooper4192]

well one big difference is the sheer size, singapore is just a size of a city while china have the biggest population

[@cooper1819]

@@sheldoncooper4192 No illusion between size difference, but there are many similarities especially in culture & language. The Chinese could see, experience, discuss, analyze first hand, without interpretations on market-economy governance. This language is very important factor. It is obvious Singapore city-state is the model - design, planning, living standards for the ideal city for the Chinese. On broader policies, Singapore had been able to overcome the financial crisis (97 Asian & 2007/8 US Sub-prime) and even came up stronger. Singapore had been successfully established Sovereign Wealth funds, strong reserves, "World class" SOE, reform banking, national insurance & pension, education, focus on jobs & personal safety... among many other areas could see how China has been learning from Singapore and adapting for her own application.

[@friendoflaphoroaig]

What about Taiwan?

[@cooper1819]

@@friendoflaphoroaig While Taiwan & China shares culture & history, for obvious reasons (at least to me) that while China can observe, politically could not directly replicate Taiwan's approaches, at least not directly. There is also much limitations of direct visits, interactions, books (literature) & learning at government officials level. Nevertheless Singapore tried to act as bridge between China & Taiwan, very unique relationship. (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma-Xi_meeting (in 2015)) Likely many Chinese businessmen would try to learn from their Taiwan counterparts, but much less at government officials level.

[@dylanlindsey3282]

I appreciate the informative and unbiased nature of your videos. Keep it up!

[@littlepear898]

Your analysis makes a lot of sense! Thks for sharing

[@lola0u]

Re education: The video seems to suggest pressure as the main driving force that motivates Chinese people to attain high quality education. Pressure is undeniably a consequence of a high competition environment and has real negative impact. But I disagree that good education should be primarily attributed to pressure as someone who grew up in Shanghai until the end of high school. I think the key ingredients to success are the focus on science education, critical thinking and outstanding teachers. I want to discuss the 3 points and compare my experience of studying in China vs studying in the States during college. 1. Science education. The strong belief that STEM education is critical for modernizing the society and developing the country has long been ingrained in people's minds for the last century, whether it's the city or the countryside. Even back in my grand parents' generation, there was a famous saying of "Master math, physics, and chemistry, then one won't fear the world". All of my parents and grandparents are engineers/scientists. Media often praises scientists and engineers as the real heroes who carry out the country's vision. In pre-college education, STEM makes up half of the points in exams. This means no matter what field you want to pursue later on, you are required to understand STEM fundamentals well. Being able to lay a solid foundation in math and science early on, in the hindsight, is critical for the development of our logical thinking skills, which shapes our collective identity, enabling us to make better decisions in life, and certainly directly contributes to the fast technological development in China. 2. Critical thinking. This one might be surprising to some because Westerners tend to think that Chinese people are "brainwashed" by the Communist party and therefore lack critical thinking skills. I do believe that there is a large group of people who are easily influenced by others in every country. However, all in all, I think the Chinese education system encourages critical thinking and truth seeking (within certain political boundaries). Part of it is related to the scientific focus - one can't do science without having an objective point of view and being willing to experiment and revise hypotheses. The other part, I believe, is due to the emergence and development of different schools of thoughts in the modern Chinese history. The awakening to a new era, the search for a new path, the defense against invaders, the civil war, the Cultural Revolution, the Reform and Opening up - these historical events all happened in the last 130 years, many remembered by our parents and grand parents. Not to mention international events such as the collapse of other Communist countries. The evolution of many ideas in a short time frame gave people a wide experience of different social, political and economical models. Each failure led to reflection on the flaws of the previous system. Each success that happened against all odds inspired confidence in the road never taken. Our belief system was shattered, rebuilt, and iterated many times, which allows Chinese people to have more nuanced understandings of different systems and more willing to giving new ideas fair consideration. In comparison, average Westerners have mostly been accepting a single set of ideas reinforced in an echo chamber, despite the freedom of speech, making their perspective narrower. 3. Outstanding teachers. Education has always been a top priority of the country and teacher has always been a noble job in China throughout history. Confucius, who has equal importance as Jesus in the West in China, is but a good teacher. I still think about the teachers in my primary and middle school and feel so grateful. Teachers really dedicate their life to education, not only because it's noble, but also because of the ample career growth opportunities and the good pay and benefits - thanks to government investment. They are masters at their fields (having deeper understanding of the fundamentals than some of my American college professors at a top 20 school). They also know how to teach, having effective ways to share knowledge and to help us grow. My teachers went out of their ways to help me understand concepts, often working extra hours voluntarily. Growth is beyond learning. For example, in my middle school we had mandatory meditation before each class and twice-a-day stretches and light cardio between classes - the idea was to cultivate a sense of balance. Who knows these are trendy ideas in today's West? There were countless examples like this. I didn't enjoy fancy campus or expensive facilities and equipments in my schools in China, as I did in America, but I absorbed more knowledge and learned how to think. I know that things have changed a lot since then. Competition has grown fiercer, and extra hours has become a requirement for many, making learning more stressful than fun, and many teachers became profit oriented and lost their original passion. I believe this issue, like many other issues that have bubbled up in the Chinese society in the past, can be corrected if the leaders today can practice the same wisdom of some of their predecessors.

[@appa609]

China is philosophically modern while the western world has largely become postmodern. The question in China is how do we make the most best stuff as cheaply and quickly as possible and that's what drives the focus on science. We believe in making the future better than the present. We have to be careful to not transition into a society ruled by lawyers trying to get a bigger slice of a zero sum pie. Make sure everyone rides the wave of prosperity.

[@jasonhu7995]

You didn't feel pressure because you are from Shanghai. I am from Tianjin, another big city that has a relatively lower bar for Gaokao. I basically "played" in my entire primary and secondary school time, never felt that pressure as well. But from my classmates in college, who were from other parts of China, such as Hubei, I can clearly observe the difference.

[@105Rpg]

The world does not need 7.6 billion scientists

[@blowindzhang6795]

@@105Rpg 76 billion scientists are not enough for human beings to explore the Universe

[@105Rpg]

@@blowindzhang6795 Why don’t we solve issues at home first before worrying about the rest of the universe

[@antiquesandlearningtolive4369]

KZbin would have a major positive impact on world politics if they made Ryan's content required listening. I love how he sees all the bubbles, and subtlety deflates the ridiculous radical bubbles from the left-wing to the right wing. I know hate is easier than learning, but Americans need to learn first, not hate first (which ultimately excludes learning). And this man is a National treasure, and if lesser intelligent people need a roll model, Mr. Chapman is the guy for them.

[@antiquesandlearningtolive4369]

And the fact you DON'T say "smash that like and subscribe button", is why I smashed them. Excellent content doesn't need the begging like the admittedly biased BS we're constantly dealing with. And when he noticed an algorithm that needed adjusting, he merely explained it and still didn't beg. Ryan, You're a man of admirable character and a glistening light in the void of right/left wing echo chamber bubbles. Please never stop making your videos. The social media and YT world needs you and those like you more than you know(and I'm sure you're already highly aware of that). Stay humble and intelligent as always. Best regards, Alex

[@roengoer3134]

Ur video's are insanly good at keeping my attention with a difficult subject love them keep it up

[@skywire5595]

Pure hard work pal .,.. problems are everywhere but willingness to wriggle through this problem.

[@user-dr1qo4zz9q]

I think "Google It" brought up a significant point here. The transfer of technology from Soviet and industrialization process started in the 50"s are usually skipped when talking about China rise. Another important point Ryan didn't mention is land reform. Not the later liberation of land but the initial land reform to turn private ownership to collective farm. This is too much for western people I guess so they probably think it was a bad thing. If you look at Japan, because Japan didn't do land reform at Meiji reform and land ownership was very concentrated, it led to dire consequence later because peasants without land need to be deployed somewhere so it led to war. One of key reform after WWII in Japan was land reform; so was Taiwan after MKT fled there after civil war. Also because of this , I think it is wrong to say China copied Meiji reform since the situation was very different at the time.

[@gwo-shyanhan1188]

I think what you said has a point. But in general Japan, the Asian tigers and China chose a similar path of development even if there are slight differences. Chalmers Johnson called this developmental state approach. I tend to think is because of our similarity in our cultures. That is just my take and I could be wrong 😊.

[@gregpettis1113]

Private property is the most sacred right

[@teoengchin]

30-40 years ago, Japan was China's ONE & ONLY rich neighbor Japan. S. Korea was also a relatively poor developing country in the 80's & 90's. China's initial growth was driven by exports to US and Europe which are not even in the same neighborhood. At the same time Mexico has a rich neighbor up north but you don't see similar levels of growth.

[@Bug-sg1li]

Mexico and other southern neighbors have been fuked by USA too many times bro. No one wants a neighbor like the US. China vs India is just a disagreement compared to it.

[@jdzentrist8711]

Wow. This was awesome to watch! I watch CGTN daily, have been for four years now. The explanation given here so incisively helps me understand how China has alleviated abject poverty so successfully and on a massive scale, since 1978. Is it true, the number of people affected during that time, is as high as 800 million? Some say, 600 million. In any case, I compliment the leadership and the hard-working people! It is astounding that anyone, let alone a political party, could ADMIT ITS MISTAKES, humbly, then resolve, humbly, to open itself to learning from others. Yet this is what the leaders and the people together did. About fifteen years ago, I watched an interview with Lee Kuan Yew (Charlie Rose). The great man gave himself some credit for China's success. He said that Deng also visited him, in Singapore. And consulted with him. I believe that Deng Xiaoping learned some things about "liberalization" from this great statesman, Lee Kuan Yew. We Americans could also learn from him. Singapore has relatively little illegal drug problems. Charlie Rose asked him how they do it. In reference to their drug enforcement policies, Yew said, simply, "We hang them" (the drug dealers).

[@ericgregori]

Excellent stuff - you bring an interesting perspective.

[@hoyle19771]

Ryan, you are the only KZbinr whom I'm willing to listen and watch word by word. I can't agree any more as mentioned in the very beginning of the video, that you are a person with brain, reading comprehension, etc. That's rare.

[@jimmyhaotran123]

Nathan rich, super pro china but with logical arguments. Try that out. Daniel Dumbrill an Indian living in China that talks fast and professionally, and without accent debunking all anti Chinese KZbinrs worth a try too.

[@zhangyi5145]

这么浅薄的分析也能舔，笑死了。

[@hoyle19771]

@@zhangyi5145 你再仔细读读我的话，尤其是后半句。这也叫舔？你难道不觉得像Ryan这样的已经不错了吗？顺便告诉你：我见过太多西方主流媒体的反华偏见，我在那些视频下留下很多反击。我不知道你做了什么。如果你也见识了同样多的偏见，你应该能意识到像Ryan这样的愿意自己思考自己理解的已经不错了。我看重的不是分析的“浅薄”与否，而是其相对来说有多客观。对这样的KZbinr，难道不该鼓励一下？如果你觉得应该到处树敌而不是多交朋友，那你可能不适合看政治类的内容。

[@eylab1541]

Is that because you agree with him?

[@CJ-re7bx]

You've obviously done your homework, I agree with pretty much everything you have said here. I would add one thing, the timing of their industrialization was perfect from a demographic perspective. The generation from before the one child policy was in their prime working age meaning that they had a huge amount of workers with few burdens in the form of children and elderly people. We are currently seeing this demographic dividend disappear, and it will be interesting to see what happens.

[@jamesrossi1910]

Keep up the good work, Ryan!

[@richardtang5561]

Very well explained, amazing 👍 1978, It was last year of my primary school in China, when agriculture reform started…

[@robertseaborne5758]

Thank you Ryan, I was hoping you would get your head around this one. The world needs to know that there is a more sophisticated socio-economic form of governance and productivity than that of profit driven capitalism. China is showing the world how and why giving social and cultural needs a higher priority than the accumulation of privately owned property and wealth is indeed more sophisticated and sustainable.

[@Jordan18561]

Is it more sustainable? I think we need to wait and see

[@ahmadness6995]

"The world needs to know that there is a more sophisticated socio-economic form of governance and productivity than that of profit driven capitalism." He did not say that and it is not true. Historically, the more the government intervened in the economy, the worse. China simply discovered that slowly and nowadays is closing in again slowly with Xi.

[@republica7337]

Is WEF the answer for the rest of us?

[@growbear]

Very interesting indeed. I would add two more factors attributable to the Communist regime pre-1970 that this video didn’t touch on, but made China stand out among other Third World countries. These are the land reform in the 1950s that eliminated big landlords, and the establishment of the heavy industry sector around the same time which, although nowhere near being impressive by Western standards, did obviate the crossing from 0 to 1 for China in heavy industry. This also brought to mind a long-standing question I had regarding the debate between “shock therapy” and gradualism. I would naturally assume gradualism is the true, quintessential manifestation of the Anglo-Saxon Conservatism, which explained the success and excellence on all fronts of the Anglo sphere for the past few centuries, and should have been the natural doctrine of choice by the US when advising other countries. So why was “shock therapy” all the rage? I would attribute this not so much to malice as to the blind drive by American academia to play the eternal iconoclast, with or without merit, in order to advance professors and students up the ladder. In some sense, it can be viewed as an American corporate culture run amok in the academia. Everything is measured by Growth! One sees this in biological and health sciences, medicine (vaccine!), education theory, sociology, (dare I say, even physics!), etc., and why not political and economic theory, and why not applying it on the Russians, the Ecuadorans, the Peruvians, the Indonesians, so that we all get grants, PhD’s, awards, and tenured professorships? Yeah, Russians and Indonesians are no different from the lab mice we just tried our new vaccines on, right? The papers and conference talks are the most important things! Imagine if the gamble on the Russians paid off, we would all be Gurus at Harvard and UChicago with our names etched in the hallway plaques! If not? Screw the Russians, of course! God Bless those who took the pills prescribed by the American academia, like the Russians and Indonesians! For this, I would especially congratulate the Chinese leadership of the 1970s for their exceptional self-confidence and firm anchor in their own fundamentals!

[@adamperdue3178]

"So why was “shock therapy” all the rage?" I would assume, that since the U.S. had liberalized the economy before it had industrialized its economy, the Americans were potentially blind to some of the hurdles that would be encountered by trying to rapidly liberalize economies while industrializing them at the same time. In addition, their own industrialization had happened more than a century prior to this, and it's likely that Americans had largely forgotten the struggles of industrialization. Short answer- Blind idealism, that Capitalism and Liberalism are so effective that the raw prosperity enjoyed by using them could overcome any hardships caused by the disruption of the status quo. This was often not the case.

[@BenjiSun]

@@adamperdue3178 since some of the CIA declassified documents states, the "shock therapy" could also be the result of sudden changes to US-friendly leadership in countries like Venezuela, Nicaragua, British Guiana... that fundamentally altered their natural progression to something that can be abused by foreign developed powers.

[@verygoodfreelancer]

really really value your insight on china here, would love to hear more! ty for ur great work

[@numerouno8593]

Great analyze and explanation without bias, thank you!! 👍👍👍

[@Bryan-ut7bi]

When is this channel gonna blow up ?!

Great video, insanelly well produced, as always. I'd like to remark that I think you missed one key point: how China was only able to do all that by using the dialectical materialism philosophy approach after the revolution. As a Brazilian, I see a lot of resemblance between China and Brazil regarding the luck and culture factors you mentioned, here we also feel cultural pressure to study and work a lot (maybe all capitalist countries do?), we have our own "GAOKAO" (vestibular), etc. Mostly everyone I know, regardlessly of having a left or right political view, believes the government should invest much more in education and industrialization, but no winning politician will ever do that, because it goes very much again the interests of our dominant bourgeoisie. That's why I believe it's impossible for such a country to achieve so high without either the people forcefully breaking up with its upper-upper class, such as happened in China, or with a very heavy imperialistic capitalism spending fortunes with military and propaganda such as the US, at the cost of many lifes and suffering from poor countries.

[@karenhearthart1491]

congratulations on another well researched documentary.

[@brucex.8045]

This video is so profound! The analysis is so clear and logical.

[@eggheadegghead]

Some KZbinrs brought up a really good question “why China’s poorer neighbors getting richer and richer alone with China, but the US, the #1 economy sice 150 years ago, it’s neighbors aren’t, if not worse? What’s going on here?

[@Doomseraph]

This is one of the most objective and unbiased analyses of China's progress I have seen so far. Well done!

[@gwo-shyanhan1188]

A succinct and very objective analysis of China's development path. Great work 😊👍.

[@njongomato]

I'm learning so much from your videos. Keep it up!

[@makamakolee5284]

Ryan, very good video! I have watched the video in its entirety and read many comments. I would like to add one more point here. In the third point, you mentioned culture. Although there is some truth, I think you did not grasp the real reason. China is a country with a history of more than 5,000 years and has a very broad cultural heritage. In traditional Chinese culture, many ideas and principles have been summarized, and even summarized into proverbs. Therefore, when every Chinese is growing and learning , In any place, at any time, are receiving education in traditional culture. In traditional culture, industriousness, unity, love of learning, respect for teachers, observe the discipline, etc., are all necessary for every Chinese to be cultivated, which enables the vast majority of Chinese people to be quickly trained into excellent workers. This is the real culture.

[@yesyes1842]

Nice neutral content on China. So rare these days. I think big picture we simply saw a very large country grow from very poor to average because they stopped adopting policies that traded economics for other reforms. True measure of wealth is GDP per capita and China is right around global average, that means if I close my eyes and pick out 1.4B people at random across different countries - I should have an economy around China's size. Alot of the stunning growth is simply because they are a very large country so growing from poor to average makes them a near super power. Where they get credit is the cultural flexibility and political model that allows for this flexibility. It would be much more difficult to make drastic changes under a democracy and being that size. Look at India.... Oh and as of today, we are seeing another change under way. A transition towards socialism which would be interesting, because the Chinese will be innovating more than learning from the past with this one. Let's see how well they do, if global political climate allows.....

[@srr2717]

It's transitioning towards a society of myriads of high quality small businesses rather.

[@1000xtati]

I didn't find it neutral at all, very biased way of analysing China

[@rap3208]

GDP is really a poor gauge in telling if a nation is doing well, PPP GDP is a better gauge. GDP doesn't show the cost of living, it ignores the value of informal or unrecorded economic activity (under-the-table, underground market, etc.), it does not take into account profits earned in a nation by overseas companies that are remitted back to foreign investors, it doesn't show the citizens’ well-being and happiness, it doesn't account for wealth/income distribution (what does it matter if GDP is high but owned by a few - in the US the top 1% owns more wealth than the bottom 95%), etc.

[@yesyes1842]

tuks kano They are both important. Nominal GDP compares actual money. China actually ranks even lower in PPP per capita compared to rest of world.

[@ginogina4589]

Once again, excellent video; excellent explanatory power. So needed here.

[@TigerDuDe77]

Intelligent and eloquent. Thanks for sharing

[@user-in5kc9eu8b]

As a Chinese, I don't think what you said is the root reason. Because any development requires action, and action requires will. Without the will to develop and serve the people,...nothing happens. Because the rulers are always a few people, even if the country is very poor, but because of the large population, the rulers can still live a luxurious life by exploiting the people, so the rulers themselves have no need for development. Therefore, the difficulty is: how to make the country's rulers have a strong will to develop the country.. China's answer is: CCP. CCP has a strong desire to develop the country and serve the people, so it has the action to explore various development modes, so it has the rapid development of China. Therefore, CCP is the fundamental reason for China's development. why the CCP has a strong willingness to develop, it will take long time to explain. This is something Westerners have been ignoring or unwilling to believe, which is why they are so shocked by China's development but can't find a reasonable reason

[@lililigoo4383]

yes

[@jaydendean6939]

China is a reliable, productive and smart country. ❤

[@yeahohright3097]

Excellent video as always!

[@jeremiahhempel1975]

Excellent video as always my man

[@elefanny1106]

There is a little island south of Malaysia that kicked the commies out in the 50s and was run by the best father ever of a country, Lee Kuan Yew. Singapore, was a major catalyst in the Asian region. China took note.

[@linkjourney422]

Ironically I’ve been asking this question today and low and behold this video comes out

[@tamdingphuntsok9280]

Everybody is asking this question…

[@JacobMaximilian]

Excited for this series!

[@thomaskim3128]

Great explanation of the good and bad in a neutral tone. Subscribed.

[@juanjoserodriguez6327]

Me gusta mucho tu contenido. Me encantaría, si es posible, que nos hablaras sobré algún{un tema de América Latina. Saludos desde Colombia. Gracias! :)

[@pandabearoceanpark]

Ryan, I applaud you for doing the research and sticking to the facts. Unlike majority of the Western media, your analysis and conclusions are uncorrupted by political ideologies or malice. The world need more people like you!

[@chaconneind3777]

Best argument I’ve seen on YT. Keep it up!

[@MaThyssen]

Did i hear algae rhythm? Great video, thank you for this clear depiction in which you calmly presented the facts and left a lot of the judgement to derive from it to us watchers.