How Flour Protein Content Affects Bread Dough

[@ChainBaker]

📖 Read more in the link below the video ⤴ 🌾 If you would like to support my work click here ⤵ www.ko-fi.com/chainbaker 🔪 Find all the things I use here ⤵ 🇺🇸 www.amazon.com/shop/ChainBaker 🇬🇧 www.amazon.co.uk/shop/ChainBaker 🍞 Share your bread pictures here ⤵ www.flickr.com/groups/chainbaker/

[@YannisManesiotis]

Yo CB! great video, as always. A quick question, is there a very faint background music to your videos? Or am I going gluten-mad? :D

[@mercyln6646]

Why does my bread crumble 😢

[@eurovision50]

I personally would consider repeating this experiment using the same flour, and altering the protein content by adding pure wheat gluten. I feel like having different flours adds other variables, other than just protein level.

[@protozeloz]

This, I've had to experiment with a really weak flour and added extra protein and while it felt better than without it I think I'll need more of it

[@oldvlognewtricks]

It might be interesting to see a comparison of other variables, maybe… Like whether the fineness of the flour grind makes a difference. I have no idea how one might test for the different variables! Loved this video to see a comparison

[@ChainBaker]

I am planning to do some experiments with gluten too. Cheers :)

[@leatherDarkhorse]

Yea our local store always sell 9.7, no other highest probably 10. Been wonder with gluten flour, resome local forum ppl does add that.

[@mr.pizzamarlon]

I conquer👌🏼 even the slightest factor can be a game changer.

[@lordboogeth7862]

It sometimes is hard to believe such knowledge is offered on public for free, thank you for all of your videos. You have taught me more about baking than any class I have took or business I have worked in. I have worked with dough for 8 years however, thanks to you -I am finally able to make nearly anything my imagination desires. It is a privilege to have someone as passionate as you, I look forward to more content, information, and inspiration.

[@ChainBaker]

Thank you so much for the kind words :) I'm happy that I could play a part in your baking experience!

[@SilentBloedius]

Probably one of the more important videos on this channel for the international audience that doesn't have access to the same kinds of flower. I was always wondering why my doughs were turning out too sticky and didn't rise well, thinking I was making some technical error. Turns out it was the gluten content. Much appreciated video!

[@TheDuckofDoom.]

Another flour property with large effect on water absoption, but is uncommon information, is the amount of damaged starch from the milling process. It's rather a situation of trusting the mill to keep a consistant blend. They may even add malted wheat to some crop years for the enzymes that help control starch, change pectin content, or to convert some protien into amino acids for yeast nutrient. (and other stuff) Hard vs soft wheat greatly effects the damaged starch percentage.

[@alexhurst3986]

I recently found your channel. While every KZbin food chef has a bread video of some type, you are the only one I have found that actually 'teaches' how to make bread. You explain all the aspects of bread making beyond the written recipe. I really appreciate the level of information in your videos. I used to tell my nutrition students once you the 'how' food/recipes work, making good food is easy.

[@laner989]

Here in Canada, I never understood what the purpose of bread flour was. You explained the reason, Canadian flour is higher in protein, making bread flour redundant. Great video, Thank You

[@mirandavikanderson6958]

Lol just read tow of out bags, they say nothing. Except 4 grams of protein in both the all purposes and the whole wheat.

[@AnthonyLeighDunstan]

Great content. Great comments. The best channel on KZbin. Charlie my man, my parents and brother, in my mind, have always been real bakers. Once I got into bread baking, I’ve shared as much of this channel as I can with them and they’ve all been gobsmacked over how much they didn’t know. It’s become my mission to get this channel to the very top, man! Even if there are gaps still to be bridged, your openness to learning and “making mistakes so that we don’t have to” is reason enough for this channel to be the most watched baking channel on YT. You don’t presume to know anything - I love that.

[@ChainBaker]

Wow, thank you so much, Anthony! 🤩

[@emmamcewen4574]

I totally agree! Love your videos!

[@benjiiano4077]

I love all these comparison videos, you explain things so well and it makes me realise why I am using or adding certain ingredients (other than flavour). Even showing that some "general bakers knowledge" is actually wrong but still told by a lot of source (like adding sugar speeding up fermentation).

[@michalblazki]

As an engineer I really appreciate all knowledge you are giving to us. Thank you 👍🏻

[@Jeepy2-LoveToBake]

Wow - the visual comparison is fantastic and the commentary is OUTSTANDING - quite a bit of very important "bread science" explained clearly and logically. Thank you for sharing this video - I am learning so much about bread and baking from you - many, many thanks! 🍞🍞🍞🍞🍞😍😍

[@Renata.Renee.]

In our country almost all the flours are 9.5- max 11% (the 11% are rare) so I have to do my best with what I got ❤️ Thank you for this video, it helped me a lot to realize why every time my doug is sticky and spread more to the side than rise like yours

[@Renata.Renee.]

I understand now why I prefer biga more than poolish

[@jonathannutt9562]

I live in Thailand and have the same problem. I am experimenting with adding pea protein powder in place of part of the lower protein flour.

[@countfleet2976]

Chainbaker! I started baking when I found your videos two weeks ago. Today I tell my fiancee I made bread for her, and she's thinking "great, another white loaf of bread, why does he love that so much?" But it turned out I made a delicious focaccia! The look on her face was priceless and we devoured it, it was so delicious. Thank you, you deserve a lot more subs!

[@ChainBaker]

Awesome! On to many more delicious bread 😉

[@andyrwebman]

Very much appreciate this. I like to look for "the why of cooking/baking" rather than just follow a recipe

[@michaelj38]

I buy the 20kg bag of flour from Costco and it's 12.5% protein. I use it for all my bread and pizza baking. Your videos are the best and have really helped me improve my breads. I don't even use my stand mixer as often anymore. I just needed some practice kneading by hand. I still get a little frustrated when kneading high hydration doughs though. Thanks!

[@goattactics]

For wetter doughs i find its easier to mix to combine and just give it a fold every 20 minutes until you have sufficient gluten development:)

[@guerilla2013]

I’ve been learning so much from your channel over the last month or so! From no nonsense loaf, how to add fats, baker’s percentage and such. I have gained a new skill set in the kitchen with your helpful videos! Thank you very much! Just recently I have been looking up the different types of flours and their protein content. Very timely video upload! Keep it up dude

[@ChainBaker]

Awesome! Thank you! :)

[@JEEROFUKU]

I usually use all-purpose ( plain in UK )unbleached organic flour. It has more gluten then bleached one and good for making yeast breads. Cheers for another interesting video, Charlie! Plus I really enjoy watching how other bakers are making bread. It’s really soothing my soul and I think that art of bread making is the number one art on this planet. ATB🙏🏻🍀🥖🥖🥖💚

[@guynakash]

Here in Israel we have a well-known brand of "Bread flour" with 11% protein, and I've been using it for my sourdough bread with great results, the same company has a different flour the call "Pizza flour" with 12.6% protein and it works as well but the crumb is a bit tougher with it. Plain white flour with 10.7% didn't work for me, if that's the only difference, it's quite amazing what difference 0.3% protein make.

[@jacquelineriach2654]

Hi Charlie I’ve recently discovered your channel and I’ve been binging your amazing videos. After years of stop start failures I think I finally understand how to succeed with a sourdough. Thanks for all the fantastic content and please don’t ever stop.

[@ChainBaker]

🙏

[@liamhaller2841]

Would love to see a video on the effects of adding vital wheat gluten or mixing flours

[@enatp6448]

I'm in the early learning phases so no experience to share. I do appreciate the info!

[@ChrisValencia]

Found this channel a few days ago and it's already a favorite for how concise and straightforward everything is. If they're available in your country, I would like to see experiments using alternative flours like almond, cassava, coconut, etc.

[@andrewwatts1997]

I love this. Could you expand the experiment? Adding additional protein until you hit 25% for example. Could be really interesting.

[@ChainBaker]

Working on it! :)

[@duchessmika]

New sub and I wish I found your channel earlier! I’m a fairly experienced home baker so I appreciate your full explanations and understandable science behind baking without all the theatrics. I’m now catching up on all your vids with much enjoyment.

[@ChainBaker]

Welcome aboard ;)

[@selfintuition2]

Interesting experiment and also informative! I'm a hobbyist home baker and I often make phyllo dough for making burek with different fillings. My flour of choice for hand-stretching a paper-thin sheet of pastry is 9.1-9.5g protein per 100g of flour (the 'plain white' variant in the UK), which is very elastic but doesn't give a lot of structure for making yeasted doughs (e.g. bread). I believe if I were to try stretching the dough out using a flour with 11g of protein and more, I would end up with a chewy texture and probably a thicker pastry, probably more suitable for dumplings rather than burek.

[@icrin_]

By far the best explanation on the differences i have seen, here i can only find 11% at best. Will try and do the next with the tips you gave if don't find a better flour.

[@ChainBaker]

I am playing with some vital wheat gluten. If it works well, I'll make a video on it :)

[@eastcoastwilly1373]

Man you need to do a hardcover book I will be your first customer. I am doing quite a few of your recipes and they are all awesome. Great stuff !!

[@ChainBaker]

Working on it! ;D

[@skippee101]

I could never get my sourdough bulk fermentation right until I started using vital wheat gluten with my bread flour to make the protein content up to 14%. Since then I haven’t ran into the same problem. It’s been a game changer for me. As long as I keep a 75% hydration I get a lovely soft open crumb and huge oven spring. 14% all the way for me now 😊

[@marjamerryflower]

Thank you ever so much for this explanation. You addressed my question about the difference between elasticity and stretchiness (is that even a word?). This is a wonderful lesson of the Bread University. Thanks professor ChainBaker. I will need to watch this video a couple of times to grasp the meaning of it all

[@WeekendMuse]

This video is absolutely fascinating. I understand now why French pâtissiers recommend using flour with 13% protein.

[@aussiefamilybudgetcooking]

This video is fantastic! Have been looking around for this kind of comparison video for a while

[@s.a.8618]

Sublime explanation and experiment. I learned a lot about the loaf of bread that I eat not knowing the difference: Now I know. Thanks for your very informative video!

[@fiona4450]

Thanks for this. I use a 12.7% protein white bread flour and a whole wheat flour for my bread and it works well. Most of the recipes I see call for regular all purpose flour, which has a lower % protein. I knew bread flour was better for making bread but didn't really know why. I do appreciate these videos that explain why.

[@baumgrt]

I’ve just realised my usual brown wheat flour is at the upper end of the scale with 14g of protein per 100g. The medium white and the white variety of the same brand have 13% and 12%, respectively. Apparently, we like our flour strong in Switzerland 😄

[@chopsddy3]

I like high protein bread flour. I can make noodles with it too. I use the weaker flours for gravies. Thanks for another informative video. 🕊👍🕊

[@calvin3798]

Reading our minds again!! 😅 Personally I use Canadian because I find easier to handle and love the chewiness from it. I’ve also seen some add protein powder to plain/AP flour to make strong bread flour, apparently it keeps the cost down?? Never tried it so not too sure

[@cczeroX]

Great video and it explains why my dough ended up being too sticky on that other video. German flour seems to have a rather low protein content with the two regular types (405 and 550) being as low as 9% and 11% respectively and even the strongest one you can find in a regular shop only being 12%. I'm learning so much from your videos, it's amazing. Thanks a lot.

[@ChainBaker]

Awesome! I'm glad it was helpful :)

[@laurajackson6860]

I've started experimenting in the kitchen making Seitan as well as breads and crackers. This is great info, thank you! 🍞🫓

[@sothathappened]

wonderful analysis. thank you for being so thorough and clear

[@wekencook]

The question I have been waiting to have answered!

[@almonies]

Well that answers my question about does the flour matter. I just went to check my flour...I thought I bought bread flour. I just looked and it was pasta flour. 10g protein per 100g. All of the flour boxes are identical except the words, somehow I picked up pasta flour...That explains a few things.🤦‍♂ Thanks for doing these demonstration tests. It is so helpful.

[@chelsiejohnson2162]

We use Einkorn in 90% of our household baking.. Boule, sandwich loaf, even baguettes. Low gluten content, and high hydration. So it is not the easiest to work with, but It is by far the healthiest wheat flour. And is a great substitute in gluten free diets. I have had great success with it, but can see how some night struggle. I love your training style, format and would love to see your analysis of Einkorn and other ancient grain flours. I hate to hear that people can’t eat bread. Charlie, perhaps you can help. Thanks for your great work.

[@ChainBaker]

Oh I just tried making a bread with it a couple of days ago. It was a mess. I was totally unprepared 😆 I guess some research is in order! I'd love if you could give me some pointers :)

[@rodconner9079]

Another hugely beneficial video Charlie; explains a lot for me. I have a much better understanding of why I experience wetter dough ... = cheap flour!!!! :) I've already started to adjust the liquid for the consistency intended... start with less then add small amounts till I get the intended "finished" product and ready for bulk fermentation. A few batches I ended up with the stretch & fold, lol -- didn't turn out bad, just not what was intended. I have to experience the situation, see and feel it, in order to "know" ------ So again, Thank You!!! Be Safe

[@ChainBaker]

Cheers! :)

[@hagengo]

I think you can make use of the gluten in rye flour, if you use sourdough fermentation. Since the accidity prevents/slows to gluten development detrimental encymatic reactions. Great Video, as always! Just discovered you a few days ago and already learned so much.

[@michelhachem7217]

Your vids are amazing man I used to be not good at making bread now that I’ve watched your videos I love making and eating the your recipes keep it up

[@ChainBaker]

🙏

[@aj_8713]

Fantastic! Try experiment refrigerating dough overnight vs right away. It'll be amaizing

[@michaelmayo3127]

I'm thinking, that what's print on the packet, isn't always the actual content. Great video👏

[@andrewmapachito6499]

Thanks for another informative and engaging video! I'm curious if you would ever make a video or share tips on how to approach "reverse-engineering" a bread you find without a recipe. These principles of baking have been so helpful and I'm excited to continue learning :)

[@ChainBaker]

That is a great idea! With the principles we should be able to do something like that. Perhaps I will buy a loaf of bread in the shop and try to recreate it in the video 😁

[@BallHockeyPlayer]

Terrific presentation. Very informative. Thanks

[@Matzekoek-c9d]

Nice video! I've been waiting for this one for a while.

[@rb-ex]

another good experiment and always a pleasure to see your dough-handling and shaping. your results are consistent with my experience that a medium gluten flour is optimal for volume, and high gluten is optimal for open crumb. a word about whole wheat flour: i use whole wheat flour in many things, even in desserts and pie crusts, but for breads i find the bran is too destructive on gluten development. i keep a separate supply of bolted whole wheat flour (using #50 sieve). this removes most of the bran while leaving most of the germ intact. you can use up to 15% of this kind of flour without an appreciable effect on loft while adding depth of flavor, texture and nutrition, and of course you can use a lot more if you're making a bread (like miche) where you dont care much about loft

[@ChainBaker]

That sounds awesome. I have never tried whole wheat flour in sweet bakes :) A miche has been on my list forever. Never made it before, but I'm super curious.

[@rb-ex]

@@ChainBaker will look forward to your miche

[@jacquespoulemer3577]

Greetings from Oaxaca. I thouroughly enjoy your videos, very informative. I've been cooking and baking for 58 years now. When I moved to Mexico in 1986 I had to reproduce my favorite things myself. Pumpernickle Bread, Pretzels, Crepes, Buttery Cakes, Mille-Feuillets etc. As the years past more and more imports trickled in. Vielen Dank. Deine Freund im Ausland. JIM

[@ChainBaker]

Hey Jim! That is awesome. And you have named a couple of things I still must make for this channel like pumpernickel and pretzels ;D Cheers!

[@jacquespoulemer3577]

Wunderbar.@@ChainBaker I will enjoy tips on pumpernickel. Keep up the positive energy. All the best JIM

[@BornAgainCarnivore]

I use and really like the King Arthur 12.5 percent protein bread flour... works pretty well for me.

[@madammazon2942]

Thank you for another excellent video! A little off the main topic, but I was actually just wondering about oven spring - I just finished making a sandwich bread that was delicious, but I wished had less of a dome crust. Your comment on tension affecting oven-rise has given me good ideas for the future makes!😄

[@mhmudhassan4239]

Great job chef, i also prefer 13% protein flour for bread and the result is jut amazing, thank you so much for share your experience with us, best of luck and waiting for next one.

[@EM-ix9oi]

Thank you for your very informative video. My bread game is going to improve!

[@TheWalkerKJ]

Great info from this video!! I normally use a white flour with 10g of protein and mix it with whole wheat with about 15g of protein

[@Saaimaayan]

I have been learning a lot from your channel, keep up the good work 😍

[@ChastasticGaming]

Cheers for this one! Much better understanding of flour types.

[@Whippets]

Thoroughly impressed. Discovered your channel a week or so ago and have been binging some of the content. I have a simple request because a search through your videos didn't reveal anything on the topic, but it's LOW CARB breads --- Keto ... I've tried a lot of the standard Keto bread recipes out there, I'm sorry to say that although they may scratch an itch for bread, none really seem to hit the mark. That might be the best one can hope for, but I think if anyone can come up with a low carb bread that tastes like bread should, it may very well be you. It would be an interesting "test", utilizing different flours (almond, coconut, etc.) and different adds.

[@ChainBaker]

Thank you so much! :) I am planning to explore low carb baking this year. At the moment I'm still researching the topic and I have never made a gluten free bread yet! But I'll definitely do it. More and more people are requesting it. Cheers!

[@Whippets]

@@ChainBaker That would be awesome. I'll certainly keep my eyes open for such content. 😁

[@natto84]

These are really helpful videos! I would love to see a video comparing the different Italian flours (0, 00, including all the different varieties of 00) and French flours (T45, T55, etc) because they use such different grading systems than protein percentage. I also find einkorn wheat to be very interesting, as it is over 13% protein but is notoriously difficult to make bread with because it tears instead of stretching; something about its gluten being weaker than other kinds.

[@ChainBaker]

Thank you! I will definitely get to those in the future :)

[@juanmazapan9044]

I like very much the approach you make to bread knowledge,thanks man

[@georgepagakis9854]

The advantage of a weaker protein is it can take higher heat, this is why Neapolitan Pizza which is cooked in 800F or higher and uses lower protein type 00 flour. It also is good because it cannot hold a lot of water so you can achieve really crispy pizza without burning the dough at a lower hydration then bread flour. Lower protein higher temp lower hydration, Higher protein higher water factor but lower temp otherwise the flour will burn. I guess that is why you see NY pizza with pre ferments going for 24-48 hours in the fridge. They use very high protein and high hydration but when they cook the pizza its not higher then 650F. These are very important factors to consider as well when talking about high protein flours. because High protein and high water go together and as you said in bread they work great because they give you a higher rise and a softer crumb but crispy on the outside. For instance if you take a type 00 flour with a protein content of 12.5% it cannot handle more then 63% hydration with a preferment then in the fridge for 36 hours. So that maximum 63% hydration will give you nice crispy crust and soft inside with a nice rise. This to me is better then where it is commonly mixed it at 60% which has less crispness and more of a softer but denser crust which I don't like but cooks at 800F. I have learned so much from you bro, these are just things that I have figured out. maybe they can help someone else that's into pizza because as you say we are all bakers LOL

[@frankswoboda1918]

made bread for decades but found that our 10lb bags of flour from different companies produce varying results. I solved this problem with gluten. For every 600 gms of normal flour I add 25gm of gluten. I found my bread came out more consistent. When I made roles or even cinnamon buns all turned out more consistent.

[@klaraloranger5401]

Brilliant - absolutely fascinated to see the different shaping techniques and results. Also LOVE your bracelet - where's it from?!

[@ChainBaker]

I got it off eBay a long time ago. I think it was shipped form Thailand 😄

[@crabmansteve6844]

Idk if it's available across the pond, but the brand I swear by, the only one I use is King Arthur flour. It's 100% consistent, and really good quality, really notice the difference in the end. Just the standard KA all purpose is 12.7% here in the states.

[@ChainBaker]

I have heard of it. But they don't sell it here. I'm very happy with the Doves Farm flour I always use :)

[@Jibberish18]

The wife buys wheat berries and grinds them in a machine (Mockmill). The type of wheat Berry and more importantly where you purchase them from makes a HUGE difference. You can have the same variety of wheat Berry purchased from two different farms and get completely different results. But yes, our bread is almost always 100%fresh ground whole wheat.

After some frustration, I'd check the label and calculate protein myself if it's not listed on the package. The Amapola flour made locally, has both AP and Bread Flour, but their AP flour is actually higher in protein. It was definitely a cause of frustration when starting out. I'd end up with half the dough stuck to my hands and between my fingers. One thing I've experimented with recently that works well, is using food safe nitrile gloves for kneading. Be sure to get ones with a good fit. They make clean-up a snap, and I actually look forward to getting my hands "dirty". It also helps keep the temperature down when kneading, as my ambient temp is around 29C. Avoiding those long minutes of picking dough scraps off my hands has made the process much more enjoyable, and I'm also more confident to try any hydration!

[@ElJosher]

Greetings from another islander. Yes amapola is weird. I found that both perform similarly, the difference is that the AP is unbromated, and the bread on is bromated. I’ve read that bromated flour performs better for dough, but I also read that bromate in flour is not good for health. The only unbromated flours amapola provides are the AP and Cake flour, all the others including the bulk brands they have like bucaneer (which is the same as the bread and pizza amapola one), special 50 and full power have bromate. You can try using either special 50 or full power since these have vital gluten added, works well for crusty breads. The problem is that they only come in 50lbs bags 😅. Cheers.

[@oxigenarian9763]

I use AP flour with vital wheat gluten boosting flour to 13% although I can make great tasting bread with AP alone if I use the poolish method. Long fermentation is a must for the flavor I like the best.

[@Alex-cs4hm]

Thanks for making this video. Suggestion: You should really use bowls with lids - it’s much easier and less wasteful than using plastic wrap every time, especially considering how much bread you make. Thanks again.

[@philip6502]

I think he uses clear plastic so we can see the process.

[@ChainBaker]

That's it! But I would love to find some glass lids that fit those small jars perfectly 😁

[@jvallas]

@@ChainBaker I have some Weck jars that have glass caps that clip on. Mine are about single-yogurt size, so I’m not sure if they also sell larger sizes. I’m gonna guess probably yes. Amazon has them, OF COURSE - LOL - but I’m sure other places do, too.

[@ChainBaker]

I'll check them out :)

[@philip6502]

Charlie, first: You were born with magic hands. If I made a video of me working with dough, you would be in hysterics. My hands are musical, but not "kneady". Second, here in US I use King Arthur flour for my bread. It is hard red American wheat with a 12.7 % protein. I also use their whole wheat and AP flour. For cost comparison, the bread flour is $5.49 for a 5 pound bag. Thanks for the lesson! 🍞

[@ChainBaker]

You're too kind, Philip! My hands took years to get comfortable on camera ;D From what I've heard King Arthur makes great flour. Also, most of what I know about baking I leaned from one of their bakers - Jeffrey Hamelman. His book is my bible.

[@jvallas]

@@ChainBaker YES! He and Gesine Bullock-Prado did a really illuminating short bread series during the beginning of the pandemic. Wish I could remember what they called it, but I imagine their names will get you to the videos. (KZbin)

[@jvallas]

@@ChainBaker Another of their bakers, Martin (forgot last name) is great to watch, too. He recently did a fun “glass” bread - Pan de Cristal - that I was sire I couldn’t duplicate. But with his instructions, I got a terrific bread from the recipe.

[@thediydaddy2649]

Would really appreciate IF you could do similar experiments using ITALIAN Flours such as Double Zero, Zero, and One which are how coarse and how fine the flour often is milled, something similar which could also be found in China which uses finely milled high protein flour for making 'La Mian' or pulled noodles. But most of all it would be nice in-fact to see HOW the "W-ratings" in Italian Flours also compare to the flours you use when it comes to strength and water absorption, as much of their objectives often is for longer fermentations to develop more flavour. It would be nice to see these experimentations and comparisons done on video😊

[@Magius61]

I bake sourdough all the time with AP flour that I fortify with gluten. It turns out great and saves space and money.

[@annchovy6]

At least in the USA all-purpose (the equivalent to your plain) is ideally around 10%. It can be between 10-12%, but it’s more versatile on the lower end. Bread flour is typically 12-13%, but if you get Italian flour for pizza it’s 10-11%. Since I’m not in the USA anymore, when they don’t bring over American bread flour, I use Italian Manitoba flour. It’s 12% protein and meant to be used for bread. One thing about American versus European flour is that it’s not just the protein content, but the type of gluten as well. Joe Pastry wrote about this a bit on his site: As I point out frequently, not all gluten is the same. The stuff we know as “gluten” is actually a combination of different wheat proteins, and depending on the relative proportion of those proteins, the gluten in this-or-that flour can have very different characteristics. Case-in-point European gluten. It’s firmer and more plastic (moldable) than ours (which is more springy and elastic). And that has implications for everything from the crumb (the size of the holes inside the loaf) to the crust and the chew. The thing I most envy about firm and plastic European gluten is the way in which the allows bread loaves to “stand up” versus spread out. If you’ve ever wondered how Euro breads can get so tall and round, even without being proofed or baked on a form, Euro gluten is the answer. But European gluten is also great flat bread. You often hear the word “extensible” used to describe a flat bread dough made with European flour. That’s the plasticity at work again. When you roll out, say, a piece of pizza dough made with Italian 00 flour, it simply rolls out - and mostly stays rolled out. It doesn’t stretch out and spring back, stretch out and spring back, like ours does. Of course there are down sides to European gluten too, which Europeans experience when they try to make our thick cake layers, muffins, biscuits, even brownies. These sorts of tall, tight-crumbed foams are surprisingly hard to produce without American flour and the stretchy, elastic gluten it contains.

[@ChainBaker]

Totally. The balance of glutenin/gliadin makes all the difference.

[@rlux70]

I appreciate the education. Thank you.

[@babyreps365]

Absolutely love your channel bud ive watched most of your videos.

[@ChainBaker]

Cheers ✌️😎

[@babyreps365]

@@ChainBaker how do I do the math to substitute honey for sugar?

[@ChainBaker]

I swap them 1:1 most of the time. Honey does contain water and will make a dough runnier but not by much. You can reduce the hydration a bit to make up for it if need be.

[@babyreps365]

Copy that thanks boss

[@GabrielPerboni]

It also depends on the region where you live, I mean: the laws of your country. Here in Brazil the law is very relaxed in relation to labels because all flours have exactly 10% protein (on the label) but they vary immensely when making the dough (elasticity, water absorption, etc... all that good stuff). After a few years of trial and error, I finally found two brands that are more geared towards this type of food, but the protein description on the packaging didn't help (; NOTE: I use a 10% protein flour, but I always add vital wheat gluten to get to 12% or 13%. It makes A LOT of difference!

[@ChainBaker]

That's right. I am planning to make a video about the use of vital wheat gluten some time soon :)

[@julianaphang6534]

I am like you. I love experimenting like this to compare results 😊 I experimented with this KZbin recipe where cold water was used, and instant yeast and fats were added LAST with a few other methods. To my great amazement, it turned out to be the best of the lot. I was gobsmacked! Maybe you can do an experiment to show us on different methods of mixing with instant yeast because it is the most popular kind of yeast used by home bakers now. Thx!

[@christinathompson1630]

This is so useful, thank you. Knowing I love making different kinds of bread my friends bought me 4 very different stoneground antique grain flours. First problem there was no indication on the packs as to protein content. I spent some time searching on line to find what the protein content is for each of them. First issue is that several of them have highest protein but low gluten!!!! Your video has made it clearer for how to use them. I think using then half and half with 13% flour may be a way to see if I at least like the taste. Have you experimented with other flour types?

[@ChainBaker]

Yes, ancient grains don't produce very strong gluten. Mixing with some strong bread flour can help a lot.

[@ravensnestacres7218]

Very useful information thank you

[@adfjasjhf]

While I haven't tried to bake my own bread (yet), I was always wondering what would be the difference if I used coconut/almond/banana flour instead of the typical wheat flour. I assume the taste would be quite different? Maybe it's a good idea for exploration for future videos :)

[@mpking7565]

It wouldnt rise, you have to add gluten or gum or a lot of whipped eggwhites. I bake keto myself and add gluten for my cookies and so on, bc it makes them more crunchy and holding their shape and for Bread i use linseed flour, its amazing what genius breds you can make from this. The recepie that i use: 160g linseedflour, 5g baking powder, 50g nuts or seeds, 30g physyliumhusks, 3 whole eggs, seasoning, 5g salt, 240ml water 60min at 180°C in the oven or 50min at 160°C in the airfryer

[@adfjasjhf]

@@mpking7565 Thanks! I'll definitelly try this one out.

[@rightmay1974]

so informative video,thank you so much

[@jeannieappelhof1791]

Very educational and helpful. Thank you.

[@ChainBaker]

🙏

[@juliusdarmawan8234]

I think the dough made with very strong flour will have bigger volume if u add more water. Higher protein equals higher water absorbtion... Right?

[@evanhdez]

When making loafs of bread you can’t really see much of a difference like in the video. You start to see the difference when making other types of breads. For white breads like baguettes I use high gluten flour. For doughs with more fat, egg, and sugar I prefer regular bread flour which is like 12-13%. For liquid mixes like pound cake I like to use all-purpose flour. And then there is pasty flour which I use for butter cookies.

[@volganashahbazi]

I want to use King Arthur bread flower for Paska bread, with 8 egg yolks should I add more milk or egg whites to my dough?

[@alinabauer4207]

I really enjoy your videos! Esp the principles of baking as well as the explanations of the steps of baking helped me improving my bread extrem quickly. As I also was kind of in a lumb by baking as the joy went away, so thank you! I was wondering if you ever did a video on how to convert normal yeasts to sourdough! Have a great fay

[@ChainBaker]

Hi Alina, I have a video on converting recipes to be made with yeasted preferments. The same principles apply to sourdough. Just turn it into a leaven instead. And of course extend the fermentation times a lot! :) here is the link - kzbin.info/www/bejne/qIO5ZIJsbddsapY

[@alinabauer4207]

@@ChainBaker ah I've seen this video before didn't think this far tho! Thank you. Keep going with your account it's great!

[@jungmaniii]

THIS was what I needed. THANK YOU. Finally solved the mystery of why my dough was perpetually sticky when folding. Thank u thank u. For pizza, and all I have is weak AP flour, would u recommend blending in semolina flour?

[@ChainBaker]

You could try that. I have had some great success using semolina flour. I'm also working on a video about vital wheat gluten. That could save all the weak flours out there :)

[@camelbro]

Would love a video about different brands of gluten free flour and which one produces the most true "bread" flavor and texture.

[@ChainBaker]

That is in my future plans for sure :)

[@goattactics]

I wish flour was labeled per 100g in the US. For us it's labeled per 1/4 cup (30g) and the FDA allows for rounding off. So a bag labeled 3g protein could contain anywhere from 2.5 to 3.5g. We do however have a quality bread flour company that puts the protein content on the bag separate from the nutritional info.

[@kjdude8765]

You know you are buying good flour when you buy King Arthur Flour.

[@javeriaanjum8894]

Very well explained..pls make a bread using different wheat variety like emmer wheat flour...and also with multigrain flour

[@ChainBaker]

I will post some einkorn and rye recipes soon. You can find muti grain and whole grain breads in their dedicated playlist on the channel ✌️

[@MoahAnep]

Very informative. Thanks

[@llywyllngryffyn8053]

We use a 14% Strong Bread Flour. We also don't buy it in the puny 5lb bags. We get is 25lbs at a time. I tossed a Kilo of it into my Buttermilk Sourdough just yesterday.

[@juanmazapan9044]

This one very very useful to me thanks man

[@Tottte]

I love these experiments

[@mpking7565]

Mine has 12% and i am quiet happy with it. Once i made steamed buns at my grandmas place and the dough behaved weird and i saw the protein content was under 10% so no wonder. But whats funny in Austria the 12% is the cheapest flour, and in poland where my granny lives its more expansive and the price is conected a bit to the percentage of protein

[@finnical9718]

I'm really enjoying your videos. I'm a vegan gluten-free baker, gluten-free due to my son's wheat allergy. I have often thought that gluten-free flours are not well understood, that each has its own properties, and many people are simply not aware there are differences between them at all. Mostly where I live, if it's gluten-free it's always rice flour, which typically gives a very gummy texture. Would you be willing to do a video exploring the differences between gluten-free flours? Perhaps by making the same loaf using different flours? There is a complication in that gluten-free flours are usually best in combination, not as 100% just one type of flour. My best gluten-free loaf uses whole lentils, millet, and peas soaked overnight and blended to create the base of the dough, and contains yeast, flax, psyllium husk and other ingredients.

[@ChainBaker]

I have zero experience with gluten free baking at the moment. But once I learn more about it and get some time, I will definitely make some videos. Can't say when though 😅

[@finnical9718]

@@ChainBaker Neither did I. It's not that hard to learn. The biggest things you need to know are no gluten means you need a binder, more raising agent, and combinations of flours work better than just one flour. It's an amazing journey to learn how to make gluten-free bread, one I'm pleased I went on. I am also vegan so I bake vegan gluten-free. Key pieces to learn: Flax eggs, cream of tartar vs baking powder, eggs can be replaced with fruits for binding, internal temps should be higher with finished GF bread. It must be allowed to cool completely before cutting into it. Each GF flour is different and should be used differently, this is the area I would most like to see a video on, such as, 8 loaves each made with a different GF flour. If you ever do this good luck and thank you.

[@algvvcfm]

hey. thanks for the video. very informative. what percentage would u use for croissant dough?

[@ChainBaker]

I am yet to be successful at making croissants 😀 But I'd say around 11 should be good. You don't want the dough too strong.

[@markkevin7245]

Hello! Great helpful video … I wonder if you think stronger protein flour would suit doughnuts well

[@ChainBaker]

For sure. I use strong flour in my donut video too.

[@sunnysvin1356]

Your channel is amazing. Thank you

[@ChainBaker]

Cheers 😊

[@dhammadiipa]

You did an amazing examining 🎉

[@razzberrylogic]

Wow! Thanks for another great information packed video! My brain is like a very strong bread flour and trying to absorb as much as I can. 😅

[@ChainBaker]

😁