How Glass is Made

How Glass in Made. As seen on Discovery Channel's "Some Assembly Required."

[@TheDAVIS500]

I’m glad I’m not the only one wondering this while laying in bed.

[@wmbtv2461]

And a year later im thinking about this in bed

[@user-tn4ge1kt9m]

Me as well

[@osvaldogil4704]

same

[@SupernaturalPowerz]

No way. Same

[@chrisemail6284]

same

[@TheDubyea]

I couldn't stop thinking of how this dude looks and sounds like the lawyer from It's Always Sunny, and it turns out it's actually him

[@featherman9]

He gives off a Jew lawyer vibe

[@nicholasjayres]

I thought he looked familiar

[@Eric-ue1bv]

Wow. That's so cool how they use molten tin as a surface for the glass to cool on. Always wondered how they make glass so perfectly flat.

[@thevikingwarrior]

All you have to do is use your imagination to think of a way to do something, and you try hard enough to make it workable and you can often do it!

[@Hamun002]

when industrial glass manufacturing began, they use a surface of molten mercury I believe. its cool stuff!

[@SuperBobby1967]

​@@Hamun002 actually the guy mentioned that they used to take a big bubble of glass, cut it in half and try to make as flat as possible but it often did not become flat.

[@kaitlinthomas4692]

I am in the glass industry and just visited the Guardian plant yesterday. It was the hottest I have ever been, but this is pretty much exactly the same!!! It was AMAZING! My favorite was seeing the patterns being stamped into the glass to make different textures

[@123prova]

I wonder if they manage to recycle the heat produced. I work in IT and my employer can even manage to recycle the warm air in the data center

[@Aygeu]

@@123prova Materials engineering student here: yes, in some facilities they blow air by the outside of the furnace to absorb any heat coming off, and then pump that back into the main heating line. They can also sometimes recycle heat from the toxic flue gases from the combustion process as well. Hope this answers your question.

[@frozn7]

My son asked me this question. We ended up watching this. Thanks for helpping a curious kid.

[@bilbil7331]

yeah the narrator remind me of the science guy..

[@zeuslee4442]

Motty myers so did mine. This ended up opening a floodgate. Haha

[@AceRimmer_]

Where do babies come from?

[@Simba______]

Motty myers - *helping

[@funkyjones]

Glad he didn't ask you how to spell "helping".

[@maisiesummers42]

5:26 - it's not explained, but when that guy drops the sheet, it's onto an airbed. That black surface has air pushing through it to cushion the glass as it drops.

[@sarahjackson9583]

He said working with this material is very dangerous, and then ol boy just tossed it like a rag doll😂😂

[@joshschneider9766]

As a glass blower I find the float glass method awesome to see every time. As a glass blower that learned the craft in Harrisburg very near Carlisle I'm not surprised it's there.

[@msl9927]

5:29 "working with this stuff can be very dangerous" *throws the glass*

[@mudasirhaq4737]

+MS L that's the point lol

[@frankie228]

Haha

[@dimeandbiggie885]

4:35. This glass is very strong u can beat on it and it won't break Me: Takes a axe and hits it repeatedly. *glass breaks* YOU LIER!!!!

[@amritsingh6081]

Yes Darling

[@amritsingh6081]

I like you

[@LikeAGentlemanPlease]

You know you went so DEEEEEPPP into KZbin that by 2am you just clicked away video by video and ended you up on how glass is made. But I feel like I can go deeper by 5 am.

[@Paul-lm5gv]

Fascinating! Now I know why old-style glass windows from the 1700s and 1800s had waves in them!

[@fasx56]

Very informative and well narrated, there is a lot more to making quality glass than one would reason. The amount of electricity used to get the Sand Mixture to a molten stage has to be very high. It is also impressive to see the size of the factory that produces the window glass it had to be a work and progress building knowledge in each generation until a process was finally perfected. This is probably true with just about any tool, appliance machine or technology that we use today.

[@Eyedbythetiger]

They burn gas to heat those machines.

[@Brian424]

Getting the damned bubbles out has to be the main thing. I had a truck some years ago that had thousands of little micro-bubbles in the factory windshield. You couldn't see them except when bright sunlight was at the right angle. I ended up getting a rock chip that spread across the whole thing, so that bubbly windshield was replaced for a better one. I've also seen windows in very old houses that have a lot of bigger bubbles and even waves in them, like the bubbles in beer or champagne, but the bubbles were all inside the pane and the surface of the glass was smooth. Weird. The longer I live, the more I realize how much I don't know, and how much I rely on the knowledge of others for even the most everyday things in life. Great video.

[@oluwafemiajose948]

I always knew it had something to do with sand, I just wasn't quite sure how it was done. Nice to finally know.

[@0623kaboom]

proper glass is made from quartz powder though ... this is sodium lime glass ... before this process it was lead glass ... before that it was silica glass ... and it is NEVER a solid ... it is a super fluid ... yes it holds it's shape sort of ... but it never actually hardens fully and is always moving ... the older the glass is the easier it is to see that this is the case ... even our modern window glass after 50 years will show that the bottom of the pane is actually thicker than the top of the pane ... becuase it sags down with gravity ... yes it is only a milimeter or so .in that time ... but it still means it is NOT a solid ...

[@PySnek]

@@0623kaboom "The question "Is glass solid or liquid?" has no clear answer. In terms of molecular dynamics and thermodynamics, it is possible to justify various different views that it is a highly viscous liquid, an amorphous solid, or simply that glass is another state of matter that is neither liquid nor solid. The difference is semantic. Even in terms of its material properties, we can do little better. No clear definition exists of the distinction between solids and highly viscous liquids. All such phases or states of matter are idealisations of real material properties. Nevertheless, from a more commonsense point of view, glass should be considered a solid since it is rigid according to everyday experience. The use of the term "supercooled liquid" to describe glass still persists, but is considered by many to be an unfortunate misnomer that should be avoided. In any case, claims that glass panes in old windows have deformed due to glass flow have never been substantiated. Examples of Roman glassware and calculations based on measurements of glass visco-properties indicate that these claims cannot be true. The observed features are more easily explained as a result of the imperfect methods used to make glass window panes before the float glass process was invented." The Physics and Relativity FAQ Updated by Dan Watts, 2021. Original by Philip Gibbs, 1996

[@dmitrysavonin770]

Minecraft. And they say u don’t learn anything from games 😂

[@Aygeu]

@@0623kaboom Quartz is quite literally silica. Modern soda lime glasses are still silica based, and the main function of the additives (soda and lime) are to lower the melting point and to increase malleability (though the lime also helps stabilize it chemically). The other commenter is also right that glass is not a liquid and does not act like one. However, the reason glass panels were thicker at the bottom is because making perfect sheets of glass was damn near impossible, and it's just easier to install the thicker side down rather than up.

[@angieangie4419]

I was staring at a glass vase and was like..."where did you come from" so glad for youtube

[@Artnotforthesakeofart]

But did the vase ask you the same question?

[@MorrowidAddic]

I had no idea that use tin , I absolutely love watching things like this you always learn something very interesting.

[@llopez0083]

This feels like it’s an offbrand bill Nye science Guy

[@gator5566]

I thought the samething

[@nonamemusic1932]

BILL..BILL..BILL..BILL..BILL

[@getmeoutofsanfrancisco9917]

Budget Bill

[@TheBanjoShowOfficial]

i like this guy more

[@kevinsteel7875]

Oh the things we take for granted. Such a complicated process, I can't imagine how the inventors of glass even figured out the process.

[@Trollde-laYoutube]

This is so awesome!!! Thanks for sharing. I was just washing dishes and thought... How the heck is glass made😂😂😂So I guess its safe to say....My dirty dishes brought me here😄😄😄

[@brittanynicole552]

I worked a few years ago at PPG doing firebrick work. Mainly in the regenerators. The place is absolutely massive, and walking the roller line takes a while!

[@jonbutcher9805]

Some places like this with extremely long lengths supply bikes to get around.

[@leos8292]

I didn't know the lawyer had another show

[@alexandermahterian4408]

Uh, filibuster.

[@hamadalishah3829]

I was always thinking about the manufacturing of glass wow it's amazing

[@Austin5613]

HOLY FUCK ITS THE LAWYER!!!

[@Bostonnick34]

I was ready to add a hard J like Frank would, but let's keep it classy right?

[@mikemisch7968]

Why is that videos attract foul mouthed morons?

[@christianaborbor7164]

You are great because you can show us how many things are made

[@christianaborbor7164]

Thanks for making google and KZbin.

[@niaroyal5876]

who else is here during quarantine?

[@ruhemgroup7214]

me

[@maximus354]

@@ruhemgroup7214 lol

[@harrisonhonda23]

Das rite

[@gamingwithjoanne]

Me to

[@arshitaatishkamble6445]

Me

[@marcusaltus5825]

Anyone notice one of the presenters is the lawyer from “it’s always sunny in Philadelphia”?

[@alexdiaz6118]

That blew my mind lol I didn't even notice and I'm a die hard fan 😅.....maybe not as much as I thought

[@KippoHound]

"working with this stuff can be very dangerous" *YEEET*

[@Sashsqash1]

nah its all about confidence mate, been cutting and making glass windows and doors for over 14 years

[@francissantos7448]

Thanks for the field trip. Very educational.

[@gvbalajee]

wow so much efforts goes into making of glass

[@edadan]

I worked for a company (over 40 years ago) that made double pane glass windows for office buildings, skyscrapers, etc. We had to handle these large panes of glass that you see in the video here but we weren't given any protective clothing to wear. And yes, I did slice my fingers open one day and had to get stitches. I still remember the owner of that company telling me "You're lucky to have this job". Yup.

[@Sashsqash1]

15ys as a qualified Glazier, making and fitting glass doors and windows, when in the trade every glazier and labour who works with glass will have a scar from glass cuts

[@monicascott7624]

Thank you!

[@ks-fz9fq]

I guess every labor job has it's accidents

[@lisamarieashby2523]

What a crap boss! I am glad you did not loose your fingers!

[@Brian424]

@@Sashsqash1 We're all human, and once in a while, things happen no matter how careful one tries to be. Ask any sheet metal guy, they all have the scars too. The "HVAC band-aid" is a paper towel and some electrical tape.

[@maritza9107]

We are staring at a glass right now

[@punknhead23]

Probably BEF (brightness enhancement film) if it is a phone computer or modern TV.

[@jamesb.9155]

I was SO ready to see this one! Glass is a modern marvel for sure.

[@LionheartedDan]

Wow thank you for sharing this very well prepared and informative video. The presentation reminded me of Mike Rowe with “Dirty Jobs”.

[@petercrossley1069]

Imperfect glass is much more attractive in old buildings giving lively reflections and views through the glass.

[@Giga_Pudding]

I have a new appreciation for glass.

[@sirtonylancelot6782]

lmfao i thought the same thing. Ima go look at glass and ponder how it came to be

[@Artnotforthesakeofart]

Ikr

[@queenciefnicknameicef1046]

Good night. Take care of yourself. Thank you for posting this video.

[@Cleveland.Ironman]

Very Cool 😎. Thank you for this video.

[@briancorcoran9010]

Pilkington Glass (England) has the best process by using FLOAT GLASS method. I worked in Toronto plant for a year.

[@awesomegamer6975]

I already know this beacause of minecraft

[@savingakittyfundraiser8395]

+Awesome Gamer, but it's a more complicated matter in real life.

[@pramitgautam5221]

OMG I also already know this because of minecraft :-)

[@savingakittyfundraiser8395]

I tell you, it's more complicated in real life.

[@deadlybre3439]

same lmfao

[@mechtech3008]

True

[@firefish21]

brings back memories... working at Pilkington glass for more than 20 years I seen it all.. identical process

[@DanielFlores-qn8wy]

I’m so happy you guys took the time to research such an exciting topic welcome to the intellectual questioning stage at this stage you must be grateful for life and thank god everyday you are all very loved by god himself in Jesus name Amen

[@badreiiiii8939]

me: im going to sleep early also me: watching this video

[@johngolke2357]

I hauled that glass out of ppb Carlisle PA to Fresno Ca on a flatbed trailer for 10 years

[@punknhead23]

Now Vitro right? That is a long haul. Just about every float plant in the country is closer to CA than PA. Huh.

[@FastCarsNoRules220]

Anakin Skywalker: "I don't like glass. It breaks easily and it just gets everywhere."

[@karikora8279]

"I HATE GLASS I HATE IT AAAAA" -Anikin Skywalker

[@EIixir]

Thanks for the upload, very informative.

[@undocumentedspot]

5:50 he wanted to say something else but remembered this is a family program.

[@pabloarroyo5968]

i will never understand how must of the comon things we use were ever invented its crazy because it not like its a simple thing to come up with..

[@ahm_8483]

Well, they didn't come up all at once, for example; someone may come up with something very simple that has advantages and disadvantages, and after a while people try to improve it, and after that there may be some new disadvantages, and they try to improve it again. The cycle goes until they end up with something so advanced that u think "how did they even come up with this?"

[@ahm_8483]

Just look at smartphones, if someone sees them for the first time, it can be mind-blowing to them to think how someone can come up with something like that, but if u know how it all begun and how cellphones were the last couple of decades it can be different.

[@azvadmohd1784]

Pablo Arroyo u said it

[@AndiGravity]

I know, right? Take cheese, for instance. Have you ever thought about the thought process that must have been behind that? "Look, I'm not saying I don't like milk. I like milk; I really do. All I'm saying is it would be nice if it occasionally came in the form of a large, yellow brick."

[@AndiGravity]

@@papeya -- Whoosh!

[@nolwazimntambo8461]

Me staying up late finishing science homework. My mom: what are you doing up so late

[@joyonyeyili3050]

Wow very interesting and informative nice one guys

[@YouTubeExplore777]

lol "working with this stuff can be very dangerous" throws glass and shatters. *smh*

[@Law19157]

lmbo! I was dying at that part

[@drayawright1003]

I work at a glass factory land that's literally how it can happen. You can try tossing it but it shatters and you could be cut or get into your eyes even with PPE

[@Johnny.1965]

After putting on our Kevlar suits I would have said: "are we not men !...we are Devo !

[@georgerudawsky1083]

Fascinating!

[@Orica27]

The best video I have watched in a while.

[@KhaldunQaysi]

I still can't imagine how sand is transformed into glass.

[@Brian424]

There's a video just above that explains the process. It's hot. Really hot.

[@KhaldunQaysi]

Could you please send the link to this video!@@Brian424

[@kmathis2352]

This is so amazing to me. One of those things that we use every day but hardly ever think about. Of course, I have more questions. The sand melts at such a high temperature. But what kind of metal is the machinery made of that can withstand that high temperature without melting itself? And how do you make the machinery for something that has the highest melting point?

[@punknhead23]

The furnace is actually made from several layers of interlocking ceramic blocks up to 3 feet thick. The tin bath is lined with block and carbon. The machines inside that pull the glass through the tin bath called top roll machines are water cooled along with cameras inside so operators can see what is going on. Here is a better video of the process. This is a video made at the plant I work at. kzbin.info/www/bejne/h6ndaoqGj9dlbbc

[@kmathis2352]

@@punknhead23 cool! It looks like ceramic and tin can take a lot of heat. Interesting to see the process. Something we use every day, but rarely think about how it’s made.

[@bconman]

@@punknhead23 Yes and another tidbit for those not in the glass business, is that the tanks or furnace, is never shut down. It runs 24/7, 365 days a year. Only time they are shut down is for a rebuild. Most run for years on end always making glass. If the glass is not needed then it is added back to the mix as cullet.

[@TheJMBon]

The machines are made of probably stainless steel but lined with ceramics and high temp insulators to protect the steel.

[@orangehatmusic225]

Ceramic on the inside. Metal on the outside.

[@sindollface]

I was right into that & it ended !! That was cool

[@sarmadshahid539]

good work people. unbelievable thing

[@cv5916]

Just to confirm. When glass has the sharp edge knocked off it using an abrasive product this means you would be sanding sand with sand?

[@bconman]

No, diamond wheels do the grinding of the edges at the fabrication plants.

[@cv5916]

My comment was supposed to be funny, guess I’m the only one who found the humor in it.

[@antonywooster6783]

Sand and glass are not the same as each other. Sand is mostly small crystals of quartz (Silicon dioxide.) glass is made of a mixture of silicon dioxide, calcium silicate, sodium silicate and a number of other compounds of silicon, calcium and sodium plus a number of impurities. Glass is not crystalline (Despite the name "Glass Crystal" for certain types of high-quality glass.) but is more like a super-cooled fluid. I.e. the atoms in it are not in ordered rows as the atoms in a crystal are.

[@friedenkrs]

Glass is made out of: • Sand • Sodium carbonate • Calcium carbonate

[@0623kaboom]

nope that is called sodium lime glass ... Glass is actually made from quartz powder ... they even have silica glass and lead glass ... but they are all derivatives of actual glass .. what americans call glass is NOT actually glass by proper name ... just like cello tape and scotch tape are NOT the same thing ... but are similar ... celo tape is the actual name of clear tape ... scotch tape is the most common NAME BRAND ... same idea as Kleenex and Facial tissue ...

[@goutvols103]

As well, automotive glass is also made from lots of scrap/cullet glass that was broken during the glass making process.

[@rocioaguilera3613]

Amazing. Thanks

[@Mongoliantreecow]

It’s 4am and this video completes the vibe

[@stepstepmalacs2896]

Minecraft Logic: Shove Sand in a furnace, power the furnace with coal in a matter of seconds , you'll have glass :D

[@TheStealthyShadowHD]

I like ur thinking my friend.

[@HercadosP]

Despicable Ponies Well, waiting 3 days would make minecraft into clash of clans, not that building a giant structure in a week is logical though...

[@anarky5682]

nah, I think I'm just gonna put it in the microwave.

[@Rynx182]

Your little bit wrong

[@TheAldsf]

gg ez

[@Kampsy]

This is very interesting I wonder who the first dude to discover glass was and how he discover it

[@marksolarz3756]

Extreme heat melt it naturally...so I’m guessing...furnace technology. Which would be Bronze Age or older were this might be accomplished. But many ores melt the same way....and make for colored glass. Which was probably first. Natural quartz is transparent and is the same. Indeed diamonds are carbon...smelted under extreme pressure. Clear...however other elements change the color.

[@marksolarz3756]

After the first New Mexico atom bomb..,the desert floor had sheets of light green.......glass! Radioactive of course. Thicker as you approached the center. History!

[@Aygeu]

@@marksolarz3756 Trinitite! Named after the Trinity site where it was first observed.

[@cog1140]

you know the world's a mess when people's point of reference is a video game.

[@AUTOREPAIRGUIDE]

Good video. Information and process was transparent.

[@Y0Leeroy2]

i like how its the attorney from sunny in Philadelphia

[@onee7770]

i already know sand turns into glass, but how does it become see through?

[@bconman]

Glass is a rigid material formed by heating a mixture of dry materials to a viscous state, then cooling the ingredients fast enough to prevent a regular crystalline structure. As the glass cools, the atoms become locked in a disordered state like a liquid before they can form into the perfect crystal arrangement of a solid. Being neither a liquid nor a solid, but sharing the qualities of both, glass is its own state of matter. I worked at a glass plant for 45 years and yes it's complicated to understand.

[@0623kaboom]

@@bconman that is true for Sodium Lime glass but not for actual glass ... which is quartz powder only ... we also call it crystal ... and it IS allowed to form into crystals ... in BOTH version but only very small crystals which allows light to pass through ... if cooled naturally it forms larger crystals and tends to block light and being able to see through it ... before sodium lime glass there was lead glass ... and silica glass .. which is green ... and no glass is a solid .... it is a superfluid ... it never stops moving ... it just moves very slowly ... take a 100 year old window and measure the top and the bottom and you will find a deviation ... measure modern glass after manufacture and it is even along its surface let it stand for 50 years and the top is thinner than the bottom ... sure it is very small in mircrons and millimeter range but it still has changed ...

[@TheGhjgjgjgjgjg]

because the power of racism makes it possible

[@johnogo7886]

Spongebob working in a glass factory? Priceless.

[@jimrudolph1582]

I have the honour of knowing one of the eight man team that is responsible for continuous float glasses perfected process. I’ve had many conversations about everything we just watched and am in awe of the challenges they overcame and that all continuous glass uses there process.

[@oldtimer2192]

‘their” process

[@goutvols103]

Thank you for your comment. I worked at Ford Glass plant in Nashville and there was a situation where someone tried to steal the plans for the float glass process. Needless to say, the guy was caught at the plant but quite intriguing when the police showed up.

[@RagedContinuum]

the pilkington process is available to all now(the molten tin and wheel machines,) I think, but there are different methods of forming it which are patented across the different companies

[@slopez6809]

So like one day someone decided to start mixing sand with (Materials I can not name) and heat it up at 3000 degrees for fun... Bc why not

[@Heat3YT2]

Sarah Lopez more than likely they discovered it after a fire or near a volcano and it sparked their curiosity to try to recreate it.

[@MelbaOzzie]

@@Heat3YT2 So one day after clubbing their girlfriends and having a quickie, they decided to take some silica, some lime and some bicarb and mix it all up and melt it. At 3,000. Despite the fact that the hottest a wood fire can get is around 500 degrees. And they just happened to have a couple of bags of the the stuff hanging around in the cave. Right next to the vat full of molten tin. Aha. Got it.

[@piratelute8934]

I've heard the story is they use to have these massive bonfires in Egypt and other countries for celebrations. And they noticed afterwards all the glass under where the fire was. And that provoked it

[@richardrackley2430]

I feel like modern day humanity unknowingly underestimates and insults the intelligence, curiosity, and ingenuity of ancient humans. We are pretty much the same people but thrown into a different set of circumstances in regards to already established technology

[@theeaskey]

Every 100 years aliens send someone down to progress our civilization.. We are a big experiment.. It makes just about much sense as believing in religion.

[@afterburner2869]

Where does all that sand come from, where do they get it from? Glass is everywhere and it’s been around for a very long time. How have we not used it all up by now? Very perplexing questions.

[@EvidentlyThinking]

I'm here two days after you wondering the same things.

[@oo0Spyder0oo]

It’s everywhere, the earth’s crust is around 60% silica so it’s not running out for a long time yet. Just look at beaches and sand dunes for starters.

[@afterburner2869]

@@oo0Spyder0oo I’m sure they don’t harvest sand from beaches and that’s the only place I really see sand in abundance which is why I’m curious where they do get the sand from. Maybe they do use some beaches, I have no idea.

[@oo0Spyder0oo]

@@afterburner2869 clearly they don’t mine all the fucking beaches you don’t, I was explaining that it’s in abundance to the question that it’s been made for ages and why it hasn’t run out. The fact you can melt down sand on the beaches shows you how plentiful it is and an example of where you get it.

[@wills5482]

Bottom of rivers, dunes, there's a lot of places and different qualities of sand

[@mystic6970]

Thank you this is very useful for me thanks

[@ReliableMachine]

it is amazing , very cool

[@sketroux4580]

I could really see myself doing this.

[@raven_skies8336]

I'm really high, and I NEEDED to know how glass was made.

[@paytonmoore221]

Kool to see how far we've come since first seeing glass made from nature ie lightning strike on the beach

[@shherrero]

MIND. BLOWN.

[@ExploreSteve]

Hey, it's the lawyer from It's Always Sunny. Cool!

[@Flatlala]

Lmao thanks for saving me the google, i knew he seemed familiar!

[@ColdSteeze]

Not sure why I wanted to know how this is made so randomly but here I am 🤷🏽‍♂️

[@onyekwelujeremiah5183]

Beautiful

[@oliverholguin544]

Fascinating

[@Smashingpumpins]

where do they take AALLLL THIS SAND from!??!

[@taylorpearcy319]

Right?!

[@johncgibson4720]

franlovesmusic It is not the regular sand that you scoop up at the beach. It is formed in specific geological process to be of commercial purity, and only a few places have it. The refining dust is very carcinogenic. Google silica sand mining wisconsin protest . Glass bottles are no less pollutant than plastics.

[@rohithmaradapa7027]

John C G So what do you suggest we have houses and buildings with zero ventilation or do u suggest we leave spaces open ?

[@TheBlabla1996]

franlovesmusic Sahara

[@TheBlabla1996]

franlovesmusic Sahara

[@JJvideoman]

Discount Mike Rowe lol

[@GhettoArabSage]

He's the lawyer in Always Sunny

[@GhettoArabSage]

He's the lawyer in Always Sunny

[@LSniumUwU]

Most of take this for granted, but holy that looks like hell, just the whole process.

[@blueberry7899]

Super cool

[@mysticdavestarotmachinesho5093]

I thought it was zinc that the glass floated on. Nice to know it is tin.

[@gionncaomhinmorpheagh4791]

When Pilkington invented the float-glass process around the middle of the last century, the sheet was originally drawn across a narrow bed of mercury (later replaced by the less dangerous tin), but the company was still producing glass with the Libby-Owens technique, whereby the sheet of glass is drawn upwards continuously through a long ceramic nozzle floating on the surface of the molten glass in what was called a drawing bay. The continuous sheet was then bent over a roller, drawn across the narrow bed of mercury and finally cut off to the required length. The thickness of the glass depended on the drawing speed, with thicker glass being drawn more slowly. The advantage of float-glass is that both surfaces are flat and exactly parallel to each other, Before that, glass made with the Libby-Owens method (and before that with the Foucault method) only had a flat upper surface and the lower surface had to be polished in a further production step, which increased the price somewhat. MsG

[@0623kaboom]

zinc tin lead water ... depends on the end result ... even silver and gold will work ... the main criteria is that the melted silica does not combine with what it is being floated upon ..

[@chasestance8624]

being high brought me here

[@kantalakashala9059]

chase stance I thought I was the only one. :O

[@koyumisa7528]

chase stance me too

[@moonfarmer1]

Just arrived buzzed 2

[@Nick-ge6ud]

Yooo i thought i was the only one lmao

[@alexbibo6304]

chase stance lol😁😂😁😂😁

[@grumpyg9350]

Fun to watch👍👍👍👍👍👍

[@kK-eq6wh]

this is so cool!!!!!!!!!! I Now this from MC TOO!!!!!!!!! I Love Mc

[@aryashilpa26]

November 2019... jst curious hw glass is made

[@zeinahmed9327]

Me too

[@krn91]

jaat jaat I love youuuuu me tooo !!

[@aryashilpa26]

@@krn91 🤣 ohky

[@99CheeseBalloons]

I don't know much about glass....but I know a thing or two about bird law.

[@jarrod9234]

♫ I want to know what love is. I want you to show me... ♪

[@mrschris7176]

well I know a lot about updog

[@metal134]

It seems like you have a tenuous grasp on the English language in general.

[@99CheeseBalloons]

metal134 Well, now, to that I plead the fifth, sir.

[@metal134]

Maxwell Horne And Ill take that into co-operation.

[@yashutoki6100]

Literally laying in bed remembering asking myself a few days ago this very question

[@franciestokes3195]

That's top glass I love it 👍☘️🇮🇪💯

[@DELUXPLUS1]

Me with 5 year experience of minecraft *Hold my beer*

[@munibottyim]

Mine is 8 since 2012, I thought Minecraft lied to us 😳

[@gregorymcgee100]

The more of these kind of videos I see the dumber I realize I am.

[@juanfelipe8484]

The humbler the mind, the wiser you will become

[@gregorymcgee100]

@@juanfelipe8484 So there's still hope for me?

[@juanfelipe8484]

@@gregorymcgee100 lol of course. But it’s up to your mindset

[@0623kaboom]

not dumber less knowledgeable ... watch more of them and gain knowledge .. dumb is a state of knowing something about an thing and NOT using that knowledge .. while knowledge or lack of ... is NOT knowing and caring enough to learn about it ... HOW you put the knowledge to use is what creates wisdom ... which is the opposite of being dumb .

[@Miguelizk00l]

This has been a life question

[@greyishgreblum]

All clear!

[@makananringan7659]

i saw spoderman at 2:02

[@anarky5682]

lel, m420. easter egg?

[@mikemisch7968]

I've watched many videos on the Science channel and other but none tell where the dark particles of sand ( black and brown) and other impurities go.

[@punknhead23]

Silica sand is used. It is refined and put through many filters before it goes into the process. If something undesirable does not melt down in the process it will be detected with and inspections system during the scoring and braking out process and then discarded. You can see how pure it is in this video of the plant I work in. kzbin.info/www/bejne/h6ndaoqGj9dlbbc

[@hippyjohn7522]

I wondered about this most of my life. Never once in bed!😁 I was told quite often that glass is made from sand and didn't doubt it so didn't question it. I would have had to use an encyclopedia with no videos. That's the way I had to do my homework if I bothered to do it at all. Now I know.

[@arielshikoba1857]

This is why I love studying the earth!! 🌍🌎🌏