How Luminiferous Aether Led to Relativity

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As the 19th century came to a close, physicists were feeling pretty satisfied with the state of their science. The great edifice of physical theory seemed complete. A few minor experiments remained to verify everything. Little did those physicists know that one of those experiments would bring the entire structure crashing down paving the way for the physics revolution of the 20th century.
Hosted by Matt O'Dowd
Written by Sarah Wells & Matt O'Dowd
Graphics by Leonardo Scholzer, Yago Ballarini, & Pedro Osinski
Directed by: Andrew Kornhaber
Camera Operator: Bahaar Gholipour
Executive Producers: Eric Brown & Andrew Kornhaber
End Credits Music by J.R.S. Schattenberg: / @jrsschattenberg
#space #astrophysics #sciencehistory
A Special Note from writer Sarah Wells:
Sarah Wells would like to dedicate the writing and inspiration for this episode to Louis Colonna-Romano, a Clark University physics instructor who told the story of Albert Michelson's fantastic "failure" to generations of physics freshmen. Lou's kind mentorship and infectious enthusiasm for physics inspired every student who came into his office, including this video's writer.
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[@mcprol2467]

The Luminiferous Aether is such a badass name. We need more names like that in science.

[@christiano9693]

Now is called photon field

[@mikek.1761]

​@@christiano9693 aka higgs field aka quantum foam aka quantum fluctuation aka spacetime foam .....

[@Vasharan]

The Michelson-Morley Interferometer. Also known as 'Steampunk LIGO'.

[@s3cr3tpassword]

Or LIGO is cyberpunk michealson-Morley interferometer

[@beskamir5977]

Imagine if they accidentally detected a black hole merger.

[@mordirit8727]

@RomanK FM T.V. kind of, and yes? And why on Earth is it up to Physicists to find these again? I think you got your basic sciences classes mixed up way back in middle school ._.

[@petrkubena]

@@beskamir5977 Then we would be probably dead, because that merger would have to be very very close...probably in our solar system.

[@beskamir5977]

@RomanK FM T.V. Sort of to both those questions but why are you asking that in this comment thread? Source for the first "cure" kzbin.info/www/bejne/sJe8oYaXpZitbtk Covid's "cure" is still being worked on. Both have currently viable treatments which can limit the danger of those illnesses, antivirals in HIV's case and ventilators + antivirals in covid's case.

[@Feraligono]

"Lumineferous Aether" does still make for a pretty sick wifi name.

[@jangxx]

It's also the namesake of (A)ethernet, so the concept lives on in the world of networking.

[@gentaermaji191]

@@jangxx well i'll be damned, never noticed this before!

[@gentaermaji191]

Or an anime character's ultimate skill name

[@luminiferous1960]

And KZbin username. ;)

[@johnboze]

I Agree. Here is why: The Bożeon. The Paper Titled "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" will begin to make Everything Right to be published in the next year or two (sad face). Pending inclusion of experimental works of about ~20 other Physicists who have proved on their own through various papers that Bożeon Flows explain all aspects of Nature. They use PC words like "quantum superfluid" and "Dark Energy" but they are Bożeon Flows. The "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" is the result of decades of "thought experiments" about the Nature of Everything. Essentially the goal was to explain All of Nature starting with a basic TENET (Nolan Rocks) and Rebuild the Laws of Nature starting with "First Principles" (Musk Rocks) to explain what we know as the Laws of Physics. In the end, Our Understanding of Nature Changes Everything! I will give you a glimpse into some of the basic tenets and the current conclusion. Proof and Rationale for the Conclusion will have to wait! QUESTION: What is the Fabric of the Universe and how does it explain the Principles of Nature? FINAL ANSWER: There is only one "field" (more like surface-less ocean) and only one "God Particle" (The Bożeon) ("God Particle" in Polish after the Polish-American Physicist who proposed the Bożeon) that flow within the "ocean" or "field", your choice. All other known "fields" and particles are made up of flows of Bożeons within this “Ocean”. You are made of it (Matter), and you are floating in it (Absolute Vacuum Space filled with Bożeons). BASIC TENETS: [1] ALL FORCES ARE LOCAL (all forces are caused by local collisions). [2] SPACE IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend space, you can only bend things within a space). [3] TIME IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend time, you can only bend things within a time). [4] YOU CANNOT BEND OR WARP SPACE OR TIME UNLESS YOU ARE "DR. STRANGE" OR "DR. WHO". [0] THERE ARE MORE, BUT THAT'S ENOUGH FOR NOW, DON'T YOU THINK! Obviously this means "RELATIVITY IS BUNK", but that proof, although well known now, will not be public till the paper is released. So Bożeons, what are they? Space is a complete empty vacuum filled with Bożeons. A Small Particle whose shape is unknown but speculated to be one of a suggested class of elongated tetrahedrons on the order of the Planck Length wide size wise. The Bożeon's geometric shape similar to the Helium-4 nucleus (but elongated and off center moment of inertia to explain "electric field polarization" - Bożeon Orientation). "Magnetic fields" are simply Bożeon Flows. Flows out of North into South on a Magnet. Photons are Bożeon flows that follow the Bose-Einstein Photon Momentum Wave Equation. One Central forward flowing vortex of Bożeon Flow and 4 Vortex Back Flows of Bożeons. And several smaller outer Flows. A Photon is λ Thick and 2 λ Wide. The internal structure of a Photon is made up of Bożeon Flows that satisfy both the Bose-Einstein Momentum Wave Function AND the Boson Wave Function. The volume of the Photon is directly proportional to it's wavelength. Yes Photons have a specific volume (im lookin at the Photon Volume function now folks). Photons ARE NOT singularities that experience no space or time! Period! Singularities Violate the BASIC TENETS OF NATURE! Electrons are similar to Photons in that they are Bożeon Flows but the summed momentum of all Bożeon flows do not allow it to travel at the speed of light. My favorite part about Bożeon Flows is it exactly explains gravity without magic. It explains Vacuum Energy (Zero Energy) is just Bożeons in a space with a density gradient toward the source, usually matter, which is also made of Bożeons. Coalescence. The collisions of the Bożeon Flow in Matter with the Polarized Bożeon Gradient in the "Vacuum" causes a net force in the direction of greater Bożeon density. THIS IS GRAVITY! A local collision of Bożeons in Free Space transferring momentum to other Bożeons in the Matter causing a net force and acceleration toward the greater Bożeon density. (Bożeon Collisions Are 100% elastic, no losses, conservation of energy). "Gravity" should be called "Coalescence" from now on! There are about ~20 physicists I have found that have the mathematical pieces of the puzzle ... and I plan to publish the paper in the next 2 years proving that ~~billions of Bożeons make up Photons and Electrons and All Particles and they Fill The Vacuum of Space (you guys call it Dark Energy). By end of next year not only will we show how Photon Bożeon Flows keep a Photon in motion but also why all the classical experiments like the single and double slit experiment are explained. Diffraction is caused by the momentum in the Particles Bożeon Flows being altered by the Bożeons in the side of the slit wall Matter as it impacts it. The change in the momentum of the Bożeon Flow within the Photon causes the change in direction and perfectly explains (math) the diffraction pattern to a 'T'. Einstein's Photon Clock Is a Lie. No one has ever explained a Photon Clock Correctly. Soon You Will See How Photon Clocks Actually Work (or Don't). No Warped Space Time. (Sorry Matt O'Dowd)(Matt O'Dowd Rocks Most), U 2 Joe! Join the other BRAVE Physicists and Unify All Theories Now: BRAVE - Bożeon Research and Æther Verification Eταιρεία. Copyright 2020 John E. Boze (Son of the Rocket Man who launched 8 Men to the Moon and 9 Guys to Skylab, Dad did not launch Apollo 13, 14, or 15), So no problems Houston!

[@BierBart12]

Whenever I hear of the luminiferous aether, it feels like some magical concept that probably exists in some parallel universe. The kind of universe where the British Empire ended up conquering the cosmos with fusion-steam trains

[@dustinbrandel59]

Ha, nice! I love concepts that sound just sciency enough to pass for quality scifi, and history and myth are great sources for stuff to use.

[@ironicdivinemandatestan4262]

The concept reminds me most of the Pale from Disco Elysium.

[@jeromebirth2693]

This could be a hit show on Netflix

[@spartanalex9006]

So Sunless Skies?

[@eu29lex16]

Are you on drugs ? Space-warp and expansion is a magical concept, lmfao !

[@frankkubrick865]

I love hearing about this history, it makes the discoveries of the 20th century much more compelling after knowing the context that led up to them.

[@daniel4647]

I know. So many people today look down on everything that came before and treat it like they where idiots or charlatans just because they didn't have as much information as we do. But there is so much amazing history there, people who risked being tortured and burned alive just to write and save books filled with information that we couldn't have progressed without. Even though those books contained information about alchemy and magic that doesn't make much sense to people today they where the start of what became science. The people that wroth those books where the great thinkers of their day, many of their ideas where revolutionary. There is a clear progression from what we associate with magic to modern science and we should show more respect for every step of the way to where we are today.

[@myfrequencies1912]

@@daniel4647 A lot of modern science may as well still BE called magic.

[@anarchyantz1564]

@@daniel4647 The way I deal with people like that is that without asking a question you never get an answer but the best is to always question the answers you have. Wrong answers are actually great because it just means you have have learned there is something more there than you first thought.

[@pavelborisov515]

@@myfrequencies1912 for instance, Economics. Something near alchemy.

[@graysonstephens587]

@@daniel4647 ,

[@LiteFatSushi]

"Infinity times zero is zero" Run, the mathematicians are coming for you!

[@inyobill]

He's referencing the definite form. Indefinite expressions can lead to different results.

[@flightlesschicken7769]

I don't understand how it is not zero. Any number, no matter how arbitrarily large, times zero is zero. How does moving to something to big to comprehend make it undefined.

[@jacksonstein809]

You actually got put in one of his videos!

[@elementsofphysics7324]

Yes, I have been shocked by his shortcut like you. ;) But he can't develop each answer as if it had a whole episode for that, I guess...

[@inyobill]

@@flightlesschicken7769 Let x be arbitrarily large (or negative, doesn't affect argument), as you mention, x * 0 = 0. This an example of a definite form. Indefinites involve limits, and products of values that grow arbitrarily times values that decrease arbitrarily do not necessarily approach zero. Lim x -> inf ((2 * x) + 1) * x^^-1) = 2, for a simple example. This was what Dávid Kerekes was referencing.

[@ger128]

This is a great reminder that, genius though he was, Einstein didn't come up with his insights on his own: he stood on the shoulders of giants like Lorentz and Maxwell.

[@matthewross5388]

Yeah he stole theirs research while they re defined theirs laws to try to explain away Mickelson morely and why it tool him 30 years to come up with general relativity and he left out the part where he was stuck until Lorenz contraction was an idea and it's completely not real and most people have no idea

[@rubberspoon]

Also Einstein was a Mason. All of them are actors.

[@andrewferg8737]

It's easy to chide a less informed past upon whose shoulders the present stands. The aether has gotten a bad rap though. Its core notion is that "Nothing" doesn't necessarily mean "no thing". The aether seems to reappear wearing newly styled clothes with each generation of physicists; spacetime fabric, branes, Higgs field, quantum vacuum, dark energy, etc.

[@VedanthB9]

You spoke my mind, brother.

[@brenatevi]

None of those things are described the way that the aether was described. Like most things, it was an idea that didn't quite live up to the reality. Even with that said, the universe turned out to be far stranger than what 19th century scientists thought.

[@andrewferg8737]

@@brenatevi Agreed. As understanding increases, the notion of the "aether" has certainly changed. Current researchers would be embarrassed to use the term of course, but the notion that empty space is not empty has remained consistent.

[@parnikkapore]

@pyropulse Agreed. The aether carries EM waves; quantum vacuum stuff permits weird things like Hawking radiation to happen

[@Raging.Geekazoid]

@@brenatevi The predictions made by Lorentz's aether theory are identical to those of special relativity. LET lived up just fine after Poincare fixed it.

[@bdellovibrioo5242]

"Whether [Newton] also studied his own urine... ...isn't *clear."*

[@edwardtupper6374]

Perhaps it was a cloudy day?

[@fx4d]

Probably dehydrated.

[@likebot.]

Huygens: "Newton... urine trouble?" Newton: "Why, what'd I do?"

[@TheExoplanetsChannel]

:O

[@moarsaur]

Half-Cocked Jack didn't learn his urine alchemy from Newton, but they were contemporaries.

[@Arc125]

4:41 "Whether he also studied his own urine isn't clear." Well then he should drink more water!

[@BartonChittenden]

Beer does a pretty good job too.

[@michaelblacktree]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/pYTLhX1vZct2aZY

[@CeriusDeluge]

@@michaelblacktree The OP was funny but clicking on this link made me fall out of my chair lmfao.

[@TheExoplanetsChannel]

Oh

[@ava_niche]

He hates water, it disproved his corpuscular theory.

[@youteubakount4449]

Listening to this episode makes me think of modern physics and dark matter + dark energy. "It's all tied up guys, we just need to detect them" are famous last words

[@EnglishMike]

Um, unlike the aether, we have detected dark matter and dark energy. Their effects are as real as the gravitational forces keeping your feet on the ground. We just don't know what causes those effects yet, which is why they have placeholder names. I know a lot of people get confused about the difference, but it's not that hard really.

[@mishagjata7374]

@RomanK FM T.V. Still, no.

[@kaitlyn__L]

@@EnglishMike still, just as light does indeed have a medium (the EM spectrum) and there is indeed something of space that planets sit in (the fabric of spacetime and the deformations caused by gravity), it's not exactly like the proponents of aether theory were pursuing completely nonsensical things either. They saw light acting like a wave, they saw that gravity propagated somehow. They made a mistake in thinking the two were inherently one and the same medium, but they were observing the effects to quite a high degree of precision for the day. Nevertheless, it is also incorrect to say "well the aether does actually exist, it's called the EM spectrum". They're similar but distinct things. If we discover the true cause behind the phenomena we've observed and currently attribute to dark energy, dark matter, then people will probably look back on today's physics with similar bemusement. "Oh, they were so close, but still so far", and so forth. In fact, your comment is almost a tautology. We wouldn't have any theories in the realm of dark matter if we hadn't observed _something_ after all. So saying "we've observed it, we just don't know the underlying cause" is kind of silly. If we didn't observe any such effects, we would have no use for such theories in the first place. They would just be fantasy along the lines of gods or spirits intervening in our fates - and even those were based on observed phenomena. Why is the ocean so rough today? Maybe we've angered Poseidon. Whereas nowadays we have much more in-depth understanding of ocean currents, fluid dynamics, heat exchange, and so on that power the gulf stream and wider worldwide ocean currents, we understand the effects the moon has on tides, weather patterns like El Niño, and so on. So of course we've observed their effects and are trying to explain them. But the underlying causes may be more numerous or complex, than the names we've currently attributed. They may end up being complications of already-understood forces that require us to rewrite our understanding of them, just as we had to rewrite gravity from a force to a bending of spacetime. That's what's so exciting, any answers we find will inevitably spur on more questions.

[@eddyrhosky6091]

@@EnglishMike I thought we have yet to find & understand what Dark matter is. We see an effect and Dark matter is a way to explain that phenomena ( similar to aether), there's also MOND to explain the phenomena but still not successfully. So we test out the theories, search begins; There's a crack in Physics then, & there's a crack in physic's now.

[@okuno54]

@@EnglishMike Let's be clear: detecting effects and detecting the thing causing those effects are very different. The Michelson-Morey experiment detected Lorentz symmetry, but it that didn't kill the aether at first; it was simply assumed the aether obeyed this odd symmetry. It took Einstein to actually explain that effect, and then several more years before direct evidence could be gathered.

[@FedericoIsnardi]

Also in Italy we have an interferometer to detect gravitational waves, and it works with the US one. I hope that there aren't too many mistake in my english, I'm only a student. Great video!

[@thechrisgrice]

To help your learning: You should say "I hope there aren't many mistakes in my English" -- Mistakes are countable, so we use "many", not "much".

[@PsychoMuffinSDM]

I'm curious what the orientation between them is. Each one has to have blind spots where waves would hit each arm at equal angles, thus registering no comparative difference. I wonder if they can see each others blinds spots.

[@matthewsmith1779]

It it's legible, you're doing fine.

[@PsychoMuffinSDM]

You know, I didn't even notice the English. But I also like to reply to a lot of flat earth comments, and even with English as their only language, you are doing WAY better than most of them. Then again, that is kind of a low bar.

[@FedericoIsnardi]

Thank you so much. Have a nice day😍

[@japanimationman4442]

I heard that Christopher Columbus died the same way, still insisting that he had found a shorter rout to India. Perhaps the most important thing science teaches us is not the rules governing nature, but to never be so certain of our knowledge that we refuse to consider the alternatives.

[@tomservo5007]

“A new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather because its opponents eventually die, and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it.” -- Plank.

[@s.maazullah376]

couldn't have said it any better

[@totalolage]

"Infinity times zero is zero" > /lim/ wants to know your location

[@EebstertheGreat]

Even in the extended real line, -∞ × 0 and +∞ × 0 are undefined.

[@specificallyarbitrary420]

0/0 = infinity Have a nice day.

[@kimulvik4184]

@@specificallyarbitrary420 Depends on which zero is faster

[@EebstertheGreat]

@@BlackJar72 If 0/0 were infinity, then every function would have an infinite derivative everywhere.

[@Deus_Almighty]

"True zero" times "something going to infinity" is zero but "something going to zero" times "something going to infinity" is undefined

[@rodrigoserafim8834]

"Ah, we seem to have physicist guests at our table. Whatever you do, don't mention the aether! They are still a bit sensitive about it."

[@garethdean6382]

I thought we weren't supposed to mention the bumblebees?

[@johnlab9279]

i mentioned it a few times by accident, but i think i got away with it :)

[@tompatterson1548]

Gravitational Ether

[@TheExoplanetsChannel]

Oh

[@egypsy]

dark matter is probably space(time) itself and the vacuum energy or virtual particle every cubic metre or so has. The more space is curved by matter in large quantities the more space you have and by extension more 'dark matter' is measurable, eg. near galactic central.

[@wakmar]

This was a fantastically interesting video. Great job! Also that horse carriage with the rocket was hilarious!

[@sweiland75]

LOL I love that reference to The Fifth Element

[@leozao5]

Thank you Was searching for this comment

[@khatharrmalkavian3306]

What about the Captain Planet reference?

[@chaosawaits]

@@khatharrmalkavian3306 Missed the Cpt Planet reference. Where is it?

[@mishagjata7374]

@RomanK FM T.V. I said NO

[@QuantenMagier]

"MULTI PASS, MULTI PASS!!!"

[@PrivateEyeYiYi]

We used to believe that empty space is empty, but apparently it isn't. Particles pop in and out of existence, and there's an invisible, universe-wide field that gives mass to all matter (Higgs field). It doesn't seem all that different from Aether.

[@catothecensor]

Quintessence is literally “quinta essentia” in Latin (fifth element in vulgar).

[@chop-daresistance7514]

Fifth element in vulgar.. I think u gave me an idea for a heavy metal track lol

[@catothecensor]

@@chop-daresistance7514 OMG, mind blowing! I can play an epic bass line for your HM song!

[@cl4655]

@@chop-daresistance7514 Just fifth element would be good

[@ynntari2775]

"Fifth essence" in modern Portuguese is leterally "Quinta essência". The "Quinta" is pronounced Keentah, tho

[@haaake]

I love the concept of space time as behaving as a sort of fluid, and is definitely even more fascinating than thinking of just light traveling through a fluid like medium.

[@slevinchannel7589]

Anti-Science is on the Rise. Please do something against this by asking me and others for some good Channel-Recommendations of Education and/or Science and also give me some.

[@toymaker3474]

space time is the most insane bs ever spewed from anyone, anytime throughout history. the morons think space is a things. wow im just amazed how easily people r tricked into believing anything. the concept of the aether goes back 1000's of years you fool.

[@TrimutiusToo]

How can you say "big bada boom" with such a calm face?

[@RT710.]

Timur Sultanov Leeloo Dallas multipass

[@a-blivvy-yus]

The trick is to practise with something even heavier like "huge kablooey" in place of that line. It's like Goku and Piccolo training with weighted clothing, but for physics lessons.

[@TrimutiusToo]

@RomanK FM T.V. HIV doesn't have exactly cure, but has treatments which reduce burden and special treatment for pregnant women so that child doesn't get it. With those treatments HIV is mostly harmless... Coronavirus sadly not yet...

[@tantrispicks2440]

Botox

[@WilliamFord972]

The Michelson & Morley experiment was performed at my undergrad institution: Case Western Reserve University.

[@johnboze]

Too bad "Michelson & Morley Failed All Humans". Time is ticking at a constant pace always, space is invariant as well, and you, me, and Vacuum Space is full of an Æther made up solely of Bożeons who's shape, volume, off center Moment Of Inertia, and average kinetic energy explains all Natural Phenomena and All the Classical Experiments including why "Michelson & Morley Failed All Humans", and yes, you can quote me on that! The Paper "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" will begin to "make things right". Publish Your Work and maybe you too can join other BRAVE Physicists and Unify All Theories Now: BRAVE - Bożeon Research and Æther Verification Eταιρεία. Copyright 2020 John E. Boze

[@CedarAce1000]

"Infinity times zero is zero." *breathes in*

[@movement2contact]

@Signal 6EQUJ5 what's that?

[@parnikkapore]

Infinity times zero is our savior. Infinity times zero is anything. Infinity times zero is everything. (Within a limit)

[@CedarAce1000]

@@spooky_action Absolutely not: infinity times zero is undefined, and a limit approach must be used converting it to one of the solvable 0/0 or inf/inf forms.

[@spooky_action]

@@CedarAce1000 Only if you use calculus. Other math systems tell us that zero times anything is zero, and infinity is a weaker concept than zero. So zero wins.

[@CedarAce1000]

@@spooky_action Which math system gives zero and infinity a "power level"? Dragon Ball: Analysis sounds like quite the system...

[@Dragonblaster1]

Einsteinian Relativity does not overthrow Newton's theory of gravity. It just shows it to be a special case when v

[@NeroThacher]

Good lord. Here I sit, upon finishing the video and realize I used to be Skeptical when they switched over hosts. 5 years later and my son has began to watch them with me, (which alone is absolutely splendid) I now pursue a career in theoretical physics, and hopefully afew other fields that stem off. This channel as well as StarTalk have been two of the greatest sources of genuine information and entertainment, as well as terrific source of inspiration and drive. I cant thank anyone enough for what they have subsequently accomplished by MY watching these videos, for driving my now almost 6 year old son in the same direction so far. Because SCIENCE!

[@TheReaper569]

hyugen: LIGHT IS A WAVE! newton: LIGHT IS A PARTICLE! Young: STOP ARGUING YOU ARE BOTH RIGHT!

[@askyle]

Shouldn't that be de Broglie?

[@Likexner]

@Eris Socratou I would say in this context there is no difference between both and either.

[@cabra500]

Actually, Young experiment suports Hyugen's wave-light theory

[@nomansbrand4417]

It actually was Einstein. The Nobel prize-worthy experiment to prove light waves would come in packages is called the photoelectric effect.

[@rclrd1]

@RomanK FM T.V. Off topic. Please post your question elsewhere.

[@rclrd1]

"In my own development Michelson’s result has not had a considerable influence. I even do not remember if I knew of it at all when I wrote my first paper on the subject (1905). The explanation is that I was, for general reasons, firmly convinced that there does not exist absolute motion and my problem was only how this could be reconciled with our knowledge of electro-dynamics. One can therefore understand why in my personal struggle Michelson’s experiment played no role or at least no decisive role." − Einstein 1942

[@tylerknight99]

Interesting quote. Seems to contradict the narrative in the video.

[@chaddaifouche536]

@@tylerknight99 No : this video says explicitly that the result of Michelson were not the motivation for Einstein (Maxwell equations problems with the Galilean relativity was) but that they brought two important things to the table : They motivated the invention of the Lorentz transformation which Einstein needed for his relativity, and they created the cracks into the established foundations that allowed a revolutionary idea like Einstein special relativity to be taken seriously. See 11:28

[@johnboze]

EINSTEIN WAS WRONG ABOUT RELATIVITY PERIOD: Here is why: The Bożeon. The Paper Titled "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" will begin to make Everything Right to be published in the next year or two (sad face). Pending inclusion of experimental works of about ~20 other Physicists who have proved on their own through various papers that Bożeon Flows explain all aspects of Nature. They use PC words like "quantum superfluid" and "Dark Energy" but they are Bożeon Flows. The "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" is the result of decades of "thought experiments" about the Nature of Everything. Essentially the goal was to explain All of Nature starting with a basic TENET (Nolan Rocks) and Rebuild the Laws of Nature starting with "First Principles" (Musk Rocks) to explain what we know as the Laws of Physics. In the end, Our Understanding of Nature Changes Everything! I will give you a glimpse into some of the basic tenets and the current conclusion. Proof and Rationale for the Conclusion will have to wait! QUESTION: What is the Fabric of the Universe and how does it explain the Principles of Nature? FINAL ANSWER: There is only one "field" (more like surface-less ocean) and only one "God Particle" (The Bożeon) ("God Particle" in Polish after the Polish-American Physicist who proposed the Bożeon) that flow within the "ocean" or "field", your choice. All other known "fields" and particles are made up of flows of Bożeons within this “Ocean”. You are made of it (Matter), and you are floating in it (Absolute Vacuum Space filled with Bożeons). BASIC TENETS: [1] ALL FORCES ARE LOCAL (all forces are caused by local collisions). [2] SPACE IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend space, you can only bend things within a space). [3] TIME IS INVARIANT (you cannot bend time, you can only bend things within a time). [4] YOU CANNOT BEND OR WARP SPACE OR TIME UNLESS YOU ARE "DR. STRANGE" OR "DR. WHO". [0] THERE ARE MORE, BUT THAT'S ENOUGH FOR NOW, DON'T YOU THINK! Obviously this means "RELATIVITY IS BUNK", but that proof, although well known now, will not be public till the paper is released. So Bożeons, what are they? Space is a complete empty vacuum filled with Bożeons. A Small Particle whose shape is unknown but speculated to be one of a suggested class of elongated tetrahedrons on the order of the Planck Length wide size wise. The Bożeon's geometric shape similar to the Helium-4 nucleus (but elongated and off center moment of inertia to explain "electric field polarization" - Bożeon Orientation). "Magnetic fields" are simply Bożeon Flows. Flows out of North into South on a Magnet. Photons are Bożeon flows that follow the Bose-Einstein Photon Momentum Wave Equation. One Central forward flowing vortex of Bożeon Flow and 4 Vortex Back Flows of Bożeons. And several smaller outer Flows. A Photon is λ Thick and 2 λ Wide. The internal structure of a Photon is made up of Bożeon Flows that satisfy both the Bose-Einstein Momentum Wave Function AND the Boson Wave Function. The volume of the Photon is directly proportional to it's wavelength. Yes Photons have a specific volume (im lookin at the Photon Volume function now folks). Photons ARE NOT singularities that experience no space or time! Period! Singularities Violate the BASIC TENETS OF NATURE! Electrons are similar to Photons in that they are Bożeon Flows but the summed momentum of all Bożeon flows do not allow it to travel at the speed of light. My favorite part about Bożeon Flows is it exactly explains gravity without magic. It explains Vacuum Energy (Zero Energy) is just Bożeons in a space with a density gradient toward the source, usually matter, which is also made of Bożeons. Coalescence. The collisions of the Bożeon Flow in Matter with the Polarized Bożeon Gradient in the "Vacuum" causes a net force in the direction of greater Bożeon density. THIS IS GRAVITY! A local collision of Bożeons in Free Space transferring momentum to other Bożeons in the Matter causing a net force and acceleration toward the greater Bożeon density. (Bożeon Collisions Are 100% elastic, no losses, conservation of energy). "Gravity" should be called "Coalescence" from now on! There are about ~20 physicists I have found that have the mathematical pieces of the puzzle ... and I plan to publish the paper in the next 2 years proving that ~~billions of Bożeons make up Photons and Electrons and All Particles and they Fill The Vacuum of Space (you guys call it Dark Energy). By end of next year not only will we show how Photon Bożeon Flows keep a Photon in motion but also why all the classical experiments like the single and double slit experiment are explained. Diffraction is caused by the momentum in the Particles Bożeon Flows being altered by the Bożeons in the side of the slit wall Matter as it impacts it. The change in the momentum of the Bożeon Flow within the Photon causes the change in direction and perfectly explains (math) the diffraction pattern to a 'T'. Einstein's Photon Clock Is a Lie. No one has ever explained a Photon Clock Correctly. Soon You Will See How Photon Clocks Actually Work (or Don't). No Warped Space Time. (Sorry Matt O'Dowd)(Matt O'Dowd Rocks Most), U 2 Joe! Join the other BRAVE Physicists and Unify All Theories Now: BRAVE - Bożeon Research and Æther Verification Eταιρεία. Copyright 2020 John E. Boze (Son of the Rocket Man who launched 8 Men to the Moon and 9 Guys to Skylab, Dad did not launch Apollo 13, 14, or 15), So no problems Houston!

[@johnboze]

Too bad "Michelson & Morley Failed All Humans". Time is ticking at a constant pace always, space is invariant as well, and you, me, and Vacuum Space is full of an Æther made up solely of Bożeons who's shape, volume, off center Moment Of Inertia, and average kinetic energy explains all Natural Phenomena and All the Classical Experiments including why "Michelson & Morley Failed All Humans", and yes, you can quote me on that! The Paper "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" will begin to "make things right". Publish Your Work and maybe you too can join other BRAVE Physicists and Unify All Theories Now: BRAVE - Bożeon Research and Æther Verification Eταιρεία. Copyright 2020 John E. Boze

[@siddharthnandi3995]

Source for the quote?

[@FGj-xj7rd]

Lmao, I just got a "Quantum Healing" ad before the video.

[@Codysdab]

I got something far worse, an Apple advert.

[@TankleKlaus]

I keep getting weird conspiracy theory documentary ads before videos - We were visited by Aliens in the past btw; They built the Pyramids

[@real.stoney]

me too

[@desu38]

Reneé Descartes: There's no such thing as empty space. Quantum foam: I'm about to save this man's whole career.

[@alorsunique5404]

I just wanna say that at late 2018 I decided that I should watch all the vids from this channel. I'm happy to say that I finally caught up now with the current releases. It was a fun ride, this show is a blessing, and I'm looking forward for a greater expanding video catalogue about spacetime.

[@Nulley0]

Aether is such an interesting word.

[@lolitobello1086]

Dat street fighter reference with Huygens and Newton was an epic gamer move

[@kingpet]

lolito bello SF IV to be more clear

[@RibusPQR]

jeez, how many feuds did Newton have?

[@medexamtoolscom]

Hygens and Newton probably played Street Fighter all the time, they got an advance copy that was ready before the regular release.

[@entropy730]

I love the idea of Einstein visiting Michelson and arguing with him about the existence of Aether (which Micelson's own work help proved). It's beautifully ironic given that Einstein similarly would never accept quantum mechanics.

[@giles4565]

It seems it is much easier to create a whole new set of laws and understanding than it is to destroy ones own.

[@Seagaltalk]

Einstein accepted Quantum mechanics just fine. He just felt the QM at the time was an incomplete description of reality.

[@entropy730]

@@Seagaltalk But the part he rejected was the idea of a probabilistic universe. He thought that one day QM would be superseded by another yet unknown, wholly deterministic theory (like GR).

[@Seagaltalk]

@@entropy730 Einstein like a good scientist accepted the results of experiment and the evidence for QM what he wasn't so sure about was the interpretation and completeness if it and even today we know QM is incomplete. But Michelson did not accept the scientific evidence he was partially responsible for obtaining, which is unscientific. I just don't see the irony or the beauty. From what I read Michelson had a nervous breakdown over the results which is sad if anything.

[@entropy730]

@@Seagaltalk OK, I see what you're saying. I did not know the details around Michelson's dissent. Just to clarify though, my point wasn't that Einstein thought that QM was _incomplete_ (he thought GR was also incomplete), but that the probabilistic nature of the Universe was incorrect. So while he accepted (and accumulated) results of the experiments, he never accepted their _implication_ , that the Universe is fundamentally not deterministic. I guess maybe it could be a matter of terms: "incomplete" vs "superseded". Is Newtonian Gravity an "incomplete" form of GR, or did GR "supersede" it?

[@Jbarb777]

The “Multipass” Fifth Element joke was 10/10.

[@DaCoolX]

@XY ZW This reads like something flat-earthian. The example of an experiment disproving an entire paradigm of science and thus causing a paradigm shift depicted in this very video your are commenting under already strongly hints that scientists want to be disproven in order to improve understanding. If you think you can proof general/special relativity wrong, the physics Nobel prize is waiting for you. Don't just say it, show it.

[@DaCoolX]

@XY ZW That is not how that works, at all though. Theories aren't "proven", they are used as long as they can until they are disproven. And relativity as a theory has enormous predictive power.

[@DaCoolX]

@XY ZW Nobody should be saying it is the "Be all, end all". See Quantum Gravity. But as a vehicle it has been useful in many many different applications. The cases you listed don't necessarily disprove it, just that we may lack the necessary capabilities to gather more data and say definitely what is happening. If science on the way towards ever improving enlightenment discovers that the theory in it's current form doesn't work it gets adapted or it will get exchanged for the next theory until science has honed in on a correct theory of everything.

[@stefanalexanderlungu1503]

@@DaCoolX wtf is up with these "electric universe/luminiferous aether" quacks? I've seen three separate people trying to plug their own pseudoscientific theories on this video alone.

[@floatocean7059]

Rene Descartes was so smart man. Cartesian planes, systematic scepticism, and first principles. Dude was the ultimate maths philosopher. Also, time is 3d too (x,y,z,t,t,t). You even get Lorentz equations out of it for particles because some of the "t" dimensions approach 0. time dilation around black holes already proves time has at least 2 dimensions, along with some inevitability such as entropy (beginning > end ,, particle decay or absorption as a time dimension)... (plus the linear time of a clock). No dark matter or dark energy required to fix bad physics. But it has other implications, such as a steady state universe due to asymptotic functions along t,t,t axes.

[@floatocean7059]

The END STATE sucks up the beginning state like a durry. A universe popping into existence will know its final state and it is inevitable - whola another axis of TIME

[@jamesbeale4451]

According to the standard model of physics, light can Aether be a particle or a wave. It just depends on how you measure it.

[@johnboze]

LOL. I got the joke. "Michelson & Morley Failed All Humans". Time is ticking at a constant pace always, space is invariant as well, and you, me, and Vacuum Space is full of an Æther made up solely of Bożeons who's shape, volume, off center Moment Of Inertia, and average kinetic energy explains all Natural Phenomena and All the Classical Experiments including why "Michelson & Morley Failed All Humans", and yes, you can quote me on that! The Paper "The Principles of Nature: Bożeon Flows, Density Gradients, and Orientation" will begin to "make things right". Bożeon Flows and Orientation are what we all like to currently call "electromagnetic fields", THIS WILL SOON CHANGE.... Publish Your Work and maybe you too can join other BRAVE Physicists and Unify All Theories Now: BRAVE - Bożeon Research and Æther Verification Eταιρεία. Copyright 2020 John E. Boze

[@stefanalexanderlungu1503]

@@johnboze Thanks, Gene Ray! Where are you going to publish your revolutionary discovery?

[@johnboze]

​@@stefanalexanderlungu1503 Didn't know who Gene was till 2 minutes ago! 2nd best slam so far! It does fit doesn't it. A year ago I was a little cryptic I guess?! To make a long story short the EM "field" is just as Tesla envisioned but he didn't have Bose Einstein Gas/Condensate Theory to support him! Today we do! The EM "field" is a quantum level "gas" of EM dipoles, actual particles, they are not imaginary! The "God Particle"?!?!,,, sure if it makes the press happy! This particle looks like a drop with one end more massive than the other. They have a mass of about 10^(-93) kg each and length of the planck length and the half that for the width. During collsions these particles get propelled in the direction of the massive end (North / Positve). The tail is South / Negative at it exierts less vacuum pressure on its surroundings. This is polarity! There are about 10^(72) EM Kinetic Dipoles or Bożeons per cubic meter of vacuum on Earths surface. A "Bożeon" means - "God Particle" in Polish after the surname of the conceiver, my father!). My father actually helped launch the first and last Men to the Moon from inside the Firing Room and he knew Wernher von Braun and Alan Shepard. He was the IBM DDAS Telemetry Network Launch Controller in the Firing Room for Apollo 10, 11, 12, 16, 17, and Skylab 2, 3,and 4. He later helped build Space Shuttle Fight Computers with the father of NASA / Space X Astronaut Doug Hurley at IBM Owego NY. More on Dad at @ProjectApolloFilm . Dad can be seen in the film "Apollo 11" for 1 second in the Firing Room! They (NASA) knew Gravity was an electromagnetic thing. They knew the EM "field" and gravity were "coupled". In fact they are the exact same thing! There is only one field! Period. The EM Field. All other fields are derivative and that will be coming out this year in both text and video formats! FYI... The UAPs use EM Field Gas Compression tech (Anti Gravity Drives) built at Skunkworks using the Ning Li Design but with nano superconductors in liquid suspension to condense the EM "gas" around the vessel and then it use the differences in vacuum pressure to propel the craft at 50g's! If u look at the video against the clouds you can see the wavelength of the ~1 meter or 1/2 meter field lines operating at the natural frequency of the EM field, about 75 Mhz Hz. You can also see gravitational lensing about the fringes! NASA / SDI funded in the 90's they had success 1999 then it converted to a Black Project, under AC Gravity, LLC. Ning Li! 25 plus years ago! Anyway, These EM Kinetic Dipoles have mass. They have volume, and Inertia. They carry all momentum in the universe. There are about 10^(72) dipoles per cubic meter on Earths surface with a combined mass of about 10x(-21) kg/m^3 of vacuum. The solar system has average of 10^(-18) kg of EM Kinetic Dipoles per cubic meter of vacuum. This is dark matter and energy! The EM "field" is technically a Bose Gas of Bożeons and when compressed a Bose Einstein Condensate forms called Quantum Superfluid that flows within all elementary particles. An electron has about 10^(62) EM Kinetic Dipoles liquified and flowing in the quantum superfluid inside the electron. Same goes for the Photon. A "green" Photon has a quantum mass of of about ~10^(-36) kg meaning there are about ~~10^(57) dipoles vortexing about inside! Photons have a Q Factor or quality factor that tell you the ratio of dipoles compressed in the photon compared to the vacuum. This Q Factor also gives the Half-life of the photon! Photons loose energy over time due to EM wave dispersion just like all EM Waves. They actually loose dipoles into the vacuum as they travel. The dipoles evaporate. This is also how blackholes (dark stars) evaporate. 1 EM Kinetic Dipole at a time. Blackholes DARK STARS are particles crushed down to there basic EM Dipoles Particles. A gamma photon take about 50 billion years to evaporate. This is the reason the visible universe is only 50 billion in any direction. All of the photon outside of the radius evaporate before getting to Earth and become the CMBR (waves of microwaves). The universe is not expanding and has been in steady state a LONG TIME! The density of dipoles varies inside particles and in vacuum. This density gradient causes ALL FORCES. Gravity is the force from the transfer of momentum from Vacuum EM dipoles kinetically colliding with YOUR EM Dipoles bound in particles and generating a net force along the EM Kinetic Dipole Mass Density Gradient or what WE CALL DOWN. We killed Einstein's Photon Clock. Photons do not move sideways. That triangle diagram does not happed. Photons will compress due do drag against the EM Field Dipoles and the photon will get smaller and blue shift and its path will curve exponentially until it straightens into a straight line. EM KD Theory also explains all phenomena like 2 slit diffraction ... Too much more to tell so... for now you can get a few lousy updates at @BozeonResearchAndAEtherVerificationEtaireia Videos and a series of short papers will be coming out later this year. 2021 2022 will be awesome year for physics!

[@slevinchannel7589]

Anti-Science is on the Rise. Please do something against this by asking me and others for some good Channel-Recommendations of Education and/or Science and also give me some.

[@stefanalexanderlungu1503]

@@slevinchannel7589 I don't watch a lot of physics KZbin but if you're looking for someone who specifically deals with quacks like these I'd reccomend Professor Dave.

[@CharlieSolis]

THANK YOU!! so many ether bros who don’t know the MANY expirements that just outright disprove the Æther theory.

[@Seducier]

Which ones?

[@juanvelasquez4682]

The Robert Smith bit at the end was hilarious!

[@DrMikeHeffron]

"The Luminiferous Aether: primary substance of the universe" (available from Amazon) explains how the aether produces mass, energy, gravity, electricity, magnetism, and light.

[@chackken]

"Big bada bum" - you've killed me ;D best reference to remind how old we are lol

[@05TE]

8:12 That is how Kerbals did it.

[@VitorSalsicha]

rocket on horses sure sounds Kerbal

[@mishagjata7374]

@RomanK FM T.V. No. Not yet.

[@Alorand]

I imagine some people in the 19th century calmed their nerves at the Luminiferous Aether being disproved by huffing some Ether.

[@gabor6259]

"Infinity times zero is zero." That depends on the context, for example the limit as x goes to inf of x*sin(1/x) is inf*0, but it's actually 1.

[@fedem8229]

0*∞ it's an indeterminate form, it could be whatever we want depending on the function that we're taking the limit of

[@cowlinator]

Yes infinity times zero is undefined

[@tuxedo_productions]

Infinity times zero can yield any real number depending on the context. It could even be infinity if you take the limit as x approaches infinity of x^2 * x^-1.

[@supersonictumbleweed]

infinities don't obey algebraic laws as they are not elements of a field

[@non-inertialobserver946]

In that case it was not not lim x->0 f(x)*x where lim x->0 f(x)=inf, which would be indeterminate, but lim x->0 infinity*x = infinity

[@krzysztofbras4184]

I heard several of them, but your explanation of how LIGO works is most simple and easy to understand yet. Thx

[@maudglazbrooke1287]

I really quite enjoy stories of important null results and fascinating dead ends and how we ended up in them.

[@richardhernandez6937]

Maud Glazbrooke, wrong the results were not null. The Michelson-Morley experiment did in fact proved the earth is a stationary body and the cosmos revolves around it. The scientists of that day did not want to accept that fact so they wholeheartedly accepted Einstein Theory of Relativity to try to explain away a stationary earth. kzbin.info/www/bejne/roO8hnSjgJKMsKc

[@maudglazbrooke1287]

@@richardhernandez6937 It was our dear host who called it Null. 11:05 and the idea that anything in the universe is utterly still is too self aggrandizing to be remotely believable. I'm sure lots of math works if you define it to be still, but that's Relativity for you. Everything is relative.

[@richardhernandez6937]

Maud Glazbrooke, no, you need to do a lot of math and have a belief in the Theory of Relativity to make it appear as if the earth is revolving around the Sun. I really enjoy this entertaining video of Dr. Robert Sungenis talk of the science behind a geocentric universe. Sungenis talks of his faith for the first 25 minutes but is all science thereafter, so you might want to skip to the 25 minute mark. kzbin.info/www/bejne/oYqXiJ6appWhm8k

[@maudglazbrooke1287]

@@richardhernandez6937 try convincing someone who doesn't build orbital telescopes for a living.

[@richardhernandez6937]

Maud Glazbrooke, I’m only glad you were willing to give a listen, most science minded individuals wouldn’t give 10 seconds to a geocentric universe viewpoint. Have a good day.

[@patrickconnolly1809]

Saw the thumbnail in my subscription feed with the Platonic solids and thought it was a D&D video. Then I realized it was a Spacetime video. Someone come take my lunch money.

[@SMJVJ]

Came looking for the Characters from Genshin Impact(Aether and Lumine). Found “Lumineferous Aether” Instead. Not disappointed though. Good Video man

[@ekopermana7150]

LMFAO same, i got interested because aether and lumine seem represent space things, just like aria the moon goddess from welkin moon and genshin main menu evening theme 🤣

[@ursamjr4406]

came here to figure out what Aether is (as an the 5th element) but clicked because of Genshin impact.

[@angeldude101]

Stupid coincidence, but after this video and reading comments on the source of the word "quintessence" I decided to look up "Quinn" as a last name due to a character from a webcomic who was named "Tessa Quinn." While the more general name of "Quinn" doesn't seem to actually be related to the number 5, I was surprised to note "Genshin Impact characters" in the list of categories.

[@ObjectsInMotion]

*Fun Fact!* The Luminiferous Aether directly inspired the name for Quintessence, the name given to a potential field that accounts for Dark Energy, specifically one that can change over time. It is the second most favored explanation for Dark Energy after the Cosmological Constant.

[@kaitlyn__L]

Quintessence is also a cool name they use in the show "The Dragon Prince" for the magic power stored up in living things. (As in "so much quintessence!") I had obviously realised it came from "quintessential" but didn't know until this video that the aether was called it too.

[@ObjectsInMotion]

@@kaitlyn__L Other way around, the word Quintessential comes from the idea of Quintessence. Quintessential is an english word that's only a few hundred years old whereas the concept of quintessence is over 2000 years old.

[@michaelmoore8680]

You make that up yourself or heard someone else say it.??

[@kaitlyn__L]

@@ObjectsInMotion oh, neat!

[@ObjectsInMotion]

Michael Moore yes I heard someone say it, my cosmology professor in college.

[@DavidvanDeijk]

thank you thank you thank you. I have been begging several physics channels for an episode about this ever since the LIGO success. finally. thank you very much.

[@concernedspectator]

10:50 I literally got goosebumps. Seeing the interferometer and the data, and hearing the experiment dramatized this way made me feel like I was right there with them, on the eve of their discovery, about to change the world.

[@gerardpraetz5460]

"The Fifth Element", that was a good movie

[@HansLemurson]

The quintessential film of the '90s

[@simpleton4506]

I realized that I forget to like videos. I must go back through the catalog on a like spree. You guys provide an amazing free learning experience and deserve reverence.

[@briv9132]

Could a Nul result ever be considered for a Noble price being looked at retrospectively how impactful it turned out to be to physics

[@FalconFetus8]

"Whether he also studied his own urine isn't clear". Now THAT is a top tier pun!

[@somnathdas4331]

My first reaction when i heard the term Luminiferous ether was, "What is this bullshit!" And back then I didn't even know that light is a wave. It's astonishing that the whole scientific community at that time fell for this

[@olivercharles2930]

Is it though? It is a pretty rational assumption if you ask me. If dark energy is actually non-existent would yous ay the same? I wouldn't. It is perfectly logical at the moment.

[@Johnamekin]

Thats why sometimes when I hear a crackpot theory, I tend to want to dig more into it. By understanding the line of thought and sometimes just changing the angle of approach, you can get some decent science out of quackery.

[@Johnamekin]

@XY ZW The thing youre getting wrong is that the important part is testing your theories. If you think space works like underwear, create test that challenge it, crap in a pair of jeans while in a vacuum or something and see how it spreads. Then take notes, revise, ask others to reenact the experiment see how their results differ and the truth gets narrowed down.

[@Johnamekin]

@RomanK FM T.V. Theres a person who was cured of HIV through bone marrow transplant and there are promising treatment for COVID-19 on the way. Why?

[@orlandomoreno6168]

@RomanK FM T.V. Shut up bot

[@101Mant]

@XY ZW there is decent science in a theory that has been tested again and again in multiple ways and keeps making correct predictions. Thats what science is, a theory that holds up to repeatable experiment testing. I don't know why some people have this thing about Tesla, he did some great engineering but most of his theoretical ideas where just wrong. He didn't believe in the electron.

[@millwrightrick1]

You can also get a decent amount of quackery out of science.

[@harshsahrawat9050]

We humans do stand on the shoulders of giants. Michelson-Morley experiment led to the Lorentz transformation and Maxwell's equations which themselves led to Einstein's theories of special and general relativity

[@koenlefever]

No, it is the other way round: Maxwell's equations (1861) predate the Michelson-Morley experiments (1881).

[@harshsahrawat9050]

@@koenlefever Yeah,I should probably correct it. I mean acceptance of Maxwell's equations not the date of their creation

[@physicslover1950]

Sir please make a video on Ehrenfest paradox, curved world lines (Schwarzschild metric) and Optical effects of relativity there is no intuitive video about this on KZbin

[@PsychoMuffinSDM]

I think they had a couple on world lines and flat vs curved space time. I'm not sure if that is what you mean though.

[@brookefoxie9610]

​@RomanK FM T.V. No, but there are so many people working on those two things that additional people wouldn't significantly change the timeline involved. It's similar to how giving a scientist 100x more money doesn't make them discover 100x more things. There's enough people that we can look into different things without neglecting important things. Futher, the different fields of research often overlap and one advancement in one field can apply to other advancements in another field. For example, many of the technologies developed by NASA are also used for hospitals and, you guessed it, treating people with HIV and other ailments.

[@kaitlyn__L]

Physics Lover - I remember seeing this visualisation of the aberration of light at relativistic speeds almost a decade ago. The video is pretty low res but hopefully can help you? kzbin.info/www/bejne/gILReYeBj6eHf5Y

[@arcan762]

"Sir"

[@ntdscherer]

@RomanK FM T.V. Are you suggesting astrophysicists and cosmologists should stop their work and switch to a different field? Those people know nothing more about medicine or epidemiology than anyone else. Might as well ask why mechanical engineers or musicians are still doing their jobs when there's no cure for HIV yet.

[@emmettobrian1874]

I had a bizarre discussion with a guy about this very subject. He blamed Einstein for the failure of the Michelson Morley experiment. He kept going on about Einstein being the villain in ruining it to promote Relativity and Newtonian physics as the end story. I pointed out that it's really Newton that exposed the flaws in Luminiferous Aether, but he basically mentally shut down at that point.

[@georgequalls5043]

One of your most understandable episodes.

[@froggyziffle]

Made me laugh right at the beginning - Big Badda Boom

[@patrickw9520]

Those born after 1998 prob wont get the reference lol.

[@seedrank_a]

@@patrickw9520 probably Andrew Dice Clay or earlier, it was the voice I heard at the time

[@melsofthestars]

"Leeloo Dallas Multipass" The 5th Element is one of my favorite movies 😁

[@patrickw9520]

Are we green?

[@JamesEdwardTracy]

As shown in the 1990s by "project Omicron, gravity control research", an Aether without inertia fits all the equations perfectly. At 11 minutes and 34 seconds in this video, the lorentz transform is glanced over. The Lorentz transform defines a contraction of the path of light through the Aether which accounts for why there's a null result in the experiment. In fact, if memory serves, Lorentz came up with this transformation in order to explain why the experiment had a null result. The arms become contracted an amount such that it balances out and you get a null result from the experiment. In neo-atheric principles, all of matter is made up of nothing but a simple Aether particle that has no inertia and that has simple properties which emerge into upper level complexity. Gravity is simply the flow of Aether through you. Inertia is a resistance of you being pushed through the Aether. The Benzel, an experiment I hope to do someday, will essentially be an Aether fan which would project an accelerative beam to prove that the ether does in fact exist. I hope someday to prove or disprove this line of inquiry, however I'm getting pretty old now. An interesting consequence, should this experiment prove successful, is that although we cannot exceed the speed of light, it might be possible to make the speed of light increase by projecting a beam ahead of a ship. This would enable someone to travel seemingly faster than the speed of light, although it isn't that you're traveling faster than the speed of light, it's that you're making the speed of light go faster. This would put us well within reach of galactic and even intergalactic travel since the Benzel would enable extreme acceleration without the occupants even noticing it. Einstein himself said that it was inconceivable that there was not an Aether, and I suspect he saw his SpaceTime as merely a mathematical construct that described how The Aether worked, once any inertial effects are subtracted from it. If you substitute an inertialess Aether for space-time, all the equations are the same. To my knowledge anyway, and mathematicians that worked for the project showed this to be the case. Many physicists were involved as well. There are newspaper articles and several TV shows done on the project as well. One national and one international radio show was done as well. I have all of this information in digital format. An Aether that has compressibility explains the Snell effect for things like refraction. In doing the project years ago, we figured that it was possible to drop out the electric part of an electromagnetic wave, and turn it into a purely magnetic wave which has electric properties only after it strikes something. Also, if memory serves, Maxwell's equations were reinterpreted as a kind of compression within the ether. I wrote a book about all of this and I'm happy to send it to anyone that would like one. It's in PDF format. The Benzel is briefly described, although through the years I have thought of many improvements to its original design, but it is essentially a spinning longitudinal conductor. Think of a wire that is spun with the axis lengthwise. Several of these are put together with the idea that The ether would be carried along and projected. Someday I hope to find someone willing to try the experiment, it's actually quite simple and probably something easily done in a garage but I haven't had any takers yet although I haven't much tried either. There was a single Benzel built in France years ago, but it's rotational speed and current were very small. The results were null, but I considered it an inconclusive device. I never did get my hands on it to personally test it out. Space-time, as it stands now, is somewhat of a dead end if we want to use it for propulsion purposes. But if we find out that space-time is actually an Aether, we may finally be able to burst out into the Galaxy. The device is fairly simple and I think it's worth at least giving it a try. I think what happened with space-time is the pendulum swung too far in the opposite direction, and we may have inadvertently thrown the baby out with the bathwater. Maybe you, the person reading this, would be interested in building a Benzel for experimental purposes. Wanna take a ride?

[@SprDrumio64]

Me reading the Title: Oh nice more ffxiv lore stuff

[@joshs5577]

RomanK FM T.V. I have to ask, why are you posting this question everywhere?

[@arcan762]

@@joshs5577 because they have HIV and want to be able to go outside again

[@frosty6845]

@@joshs5577 I think they're just trying to annoy people

[@TomasJonssonPlus]

Though it was for Divinity Original Sin!

[@TheAkashicTraveller]

@RomanK FM T.V. There is a HIV cure but it requires a bone marrow transplant which fairly likly to kill you itself. Also current treaments are good enough to keep it in perpetual remision so long as you keep taking them.

[@JWH3]

I'm glad you brought up aether as a physical medium being dead but left alive the concept as still relevant to some degree in modern physics to describe the quantum nature of spacetime, I always liked the term and just shifting over the concept was always aesthetically pleasing to me.

[@jameslai6879]

5:10 I burst out laughing at the “here comes a challenger” backdrop.

[@jamesmorseman3180]

That painting still looking great

[@HeroofTime55]

Press F to pay respects to the Luminiferous Aether

[@vanshnukala2663]

I liked the part from 0:00 to 18:03

[@maddycarbuncle7567]

Oo. I like this background. Its out of necessity I know, but it is so much more pleasing than the usual black+cosmic backgrounds of the show. That and the natural light really make it easier to listen to long explanations that are a trademark of the show. An interesting learning from lockdown adjustments!

[@benjiw8454]

@ 13:41 "helped sparked" lol love you Matt.. PLATOnically

[@seedrank_a]

2,000,000 subscriber celebration video?

[@jerroneous8549]

There is nothing in this world more helpless, irresponsible and depraved than a man in the depths of an Aether binge.

[@daniel4647]

Hehe, Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. No A though, funny anyway.

[@williamsjm100]

How to annoy a serious physicist 101- “isn’t the Higgs field just basically a fancy mathy version of the luminiferous aether” ... then you wait about 30 minutes for the rant to end, then say “yes, but it is really isn’t it...”

[@101Mant]

I see that sort of thing too much. Any field gets called "basically ether" as if a field is the same thing as a medium.

[@mlc4495]

That or, "isn't Dark Matter just an updated version of Aether".

[@wdleonard]

I'm so embarrassed. I'm that guy. And I still dont get it.... Can you maybe try it once more for me? :-)

[@williamsjm100]

I always prefer the very sci fi Æther to Aether I think ether is just diethyl ether! In Ian Banks’ novels the ships get traction from “the grid” and move through the skein of real space, I love all this pseudo tech babble stuff. The apparent truth is both so much more bizarre and mundane at the same time.

[@mlc4495]

@@wdleonard I'm no astrophysicist but the easiest way I can explain the difference between Aether and Dark Matter is that Aether was a hypothesis formed before any corroborating while Dark Matter was hypothesised AFTER evidence emerged showing that such an entity/substance had to exist in order to explain the ridiculously small amount of observable matter in the universe. Essentially just by observing the stars, galaxies, super-galaxies, etc they simply shouldn't exist on their own without Dark Matter also existing. Scientists also were very reluctant to accept the Dark Matter hypothesis for a long time and had to be convinced over many decades. Aether OTOH had been accepted quite readily by the science community of the day.

[@quan563]

Only KZbin can bring all walks of life together.. amazing

[@DampActionRC]

Maybe I’m late, but congratulations on 2 million subscribers!

[@ComradePhoenix]

"Luminiferous" sounds like something one of the ninja turtles would shout.

[@mishagjata7374]

@RomanK FM T.V. Not yet

[@MouseGoat]

@RomanK FM T.V. why you asking that one a space channel? thefuk? you on the internet! go find the answer yourself.

[@medexamtoolscom]

Maybe I'm too much of a pervert but it makes me think of the word seminiferous actually.

[@Deus_Almighty]

Actually it's an other name for the great deceiver, the morning star, the leviathan, my good friend Satan

[@sfdgdrgdvxff]

@@Deus_Almighty that man has more titles and nicknames than a Bethesda protagonist

[@rhisavbora2975]

Hey matt please make one video about SN1987A..how it improved our understanding of supernovas and steller evolution about high mass stars and about neutrino detections too..Thank you..

[@anthonyowen6204]

Light can't be anything other then a sound wave in the aether . Nikkola tesla

[@DampActionRC]

Finally centered artwork I am loving it

[@tpog1]

It delights my inner nerd that I get at least 95% of all the references in these episodes! My multipass reads “Captain Planet“!

[@josephjeon804]

16:09 i love how he pulls out these numbers as if he calculated it in his head on the spot

[@ricardodelzealandia6290]

Let us also not forget, "Huygens!" - Professor Frink, 1991.

[@MichaelPiz]

Just dropping in to point out something that I surely hope you've already been told. In your opening animation, you have the earth rotating the wrong way.

[@slevinchannel7589]

Anti-Science is on the Rise. Please do something against this by asking me and others for some good Channel-Recommendations of Education and/or Science and also give me some.

[@prakhars962]

I studied about the Michelson-Morley experiment during my first year of engineering undergraduate. That time I was told that it is ether. Now I know it is Aether.

[@m.c.4674]

the name was changed to aether.

[@alamagordoingordo3047]

Your videos are always so clear at explaining hard topics.

[@Sandy-pq5rh]

When the universe was infinitely dense at big bang why didn't it turn into a black hole or just after big bang?

[@anim8dideas849]

Hmm... I want a video on that question!!!!

[@iiiiii3673]

Hmm....

[@davidmkheyan8121]

That's because all the point had roughty the same mass. You don't just need mass,you need mass differential for black hole.

[@nagualdesign]

First consider a black hole. For all intents and purposes it has an infinite density (a point-like singularity) and is surrounded by a vacuum, so the pull of gravity is insurmountable and even light cannot escape. Now let's compare that to the big bang. For all intents and purposes it was infinitely dense _everywhere_ (an infinitely large singularity). And since there was no difference in density between adjacent regions... _(drum roll...)_ *The pull of gravity was equal in all directions!*

[@Sorngard13]

In order for a black hole to form there needs to be a region outside the dense region that would form the black hole. It must also be possible to find a center of that matter distribution. The early universe was infinite in extent and roughly equally dense everywhere, so there was no way to find a center into which matter could collapse, and there was no "outside" the universe that could be less dense.

[@colt5189]

I'd like to see a double slit experiment done in person where when you record the protons, that the interference pattern then goes away. I'd want to see that happen in person. Are there places around the US that does this experiment?

[@EvilSandwich]

It's actually not that hard to recreate your own home. You just need a shoebox, a block of wood with two slits in it, a flashlight, two pieces of polarizing material like the material that polarizing lenses on Modern 3D glasses are made out of and something to record the photons hitting the wall of the shoebox like silver nitrate paint or undeveloped film. You poke a hole on one of the shoe box and place a flashlight there and the block of wood with two slits in the middle. Turn on the light and focus the beam until you see the interference pattern. And then put the polarizing filters on top of the two slits completely out of phase with each other so that only photons with one spin go out one slit and the other orientation go out the other. The polarizing light filter should negate the wave interference pattern and give you the "two particles" band. Easy peasy.

[@iurycabeleira7990]

If you put 2 fingers close together very near your eye you see a shadowy outline just outside each finger. The more you close the fingers the more the outlines touch and eventually youll see a black line in the middle, this is not an optical ilusion is the interference visible to the naked eye because light bends at the very edge of your finger. Check the corners of your house , they are darker again because light cant reach the edge perfectly. Another situation you can see is the edge of building walls when you are facing a shadowed wall with the sun in front, look carefully and you will see s light outline at the very edge, again because of the interference at the edge of said wall

[@nekommunikabelnost]

It so happened that I've learned about Michelson-Morley experiment while lurking at the livejournal pseudoscience debunking communities back in high school (there still are some aether enthusiasts in Russia, so they were frequently made fun of). I'll admit it wasn't the first thing that came to my mind when LIGO started making news a few years later, but eventually I did have that "waaait a minute, I think I've seen that somewhere before" moment. However, a question: can there theoretically be some conditions when this mini-LIGO could've detected gravitational waves, whereas the cosmic event would otherwise go generally unnoticed? Like, being straight down south on the Earth's axis. Or that event would have had to happen too close for us to survive it anyway, due to GRB or something?

[@guymcdudeman9030]

Couldn't it be said that the "fields" in Quntum Field Theory take the place of Aether? They are the place, or "substance" through which the various particles propagate, and, to an extent, are confined to.

[@nmarbletoe8210]

i think so.

[@forky2589]

Love your videos! You should totally make a DIY teleprompter for the time we’re stuck working from home. Keep up the great work!

[@RichMitch]

Aether madness!

[@Loxodromius]

One thing that I don´t understand: at time 15:13 you say "infinity times zero is zero". I believe infinity times zero is undetermined.

[@empireempire3545]

He's cosmologist. For them pi is exactly equal to 3.

[@INLF]

Yes Infinity times zero is undetermined it can be anything. But it doesn't matter the singularity at this point still persists.

[@michaelsommers2356]

@@empireempire3545 Nonsense. In advanced physics, all constants are equal to 1, so pi = 1.

[@tomasalvim1022]

If you add zero infinite times, its still zero. By defenition of multiplication, infinity times zero is zero. Not to be confused with a limit of the product of something aproaching zero and another aproaching infinity, which is undetermined, as you learn in high school maths.

[@this_is_japes7409]

depends on context. math says it's undetermined because infinity times zero by itself has no context of the system it's portraying. you can break down and determine what it is if you have the context and understand where the infinity and zero came from. i.e. it's undetermined, because there is no general solution, but that doesn't mean there is never a solution. a particular infinity multiplied by a particular zero can have a particular answer that can be determined. but in general, it's undetermined because you don't know the specifics and particulars of the context. for example, infinity/infinity is undetermined but if you know the two infinities are the same, then it's one.

[@sofiarupil7746]

Ready for the 2M party!

[@mishagjata7374]

@RomanK FM T.V. Sorry. Not yet.

[@mlc4495]

I hate running out of Aether/Ether in my RPG's. Damn you quantum physics.

[@joukorautio8075]

Dear Dr. Matt O'Dowd: you might be interested in the following: In 1902 W. M. Hicks, a British mathematician and physicist (a student of Maxwell’s), made a thorough criticism of the Michelson-Morley experiment in the article “On the Michelson-Morley Experiment relating to the Drift of the Aether”, Philos. Mag., 3, 9. (1902). In it he stated that "The theory is not so simple as it may appear at first sight owing to the changes produced by actual reflexion at a moving surface. The correction due to alteration in the angle of reflexion was first introduced by Lorentz, and was taken account of in the joint paper by Michelson & Morley in 1887. But reflexion produces also a change in the wavelength of the reflected light. Further, when the source of light moves with the apparatus, the light incident at any instant on a plate does not come from the position occupied by the source at that instant, but from a point which it occupied at some interval before..." In other words: both Doppler effect and aberration must be taken into account. A peer reviewed and published analysis in line with the requirements by W. M. Hicks can be seen here: www.researchgate.net/publication/347975401_QED-based_analysis_of_the_Michelson-Morley_experiment The conclusion of the article is that both special and general relativity rest on false foundation. The paper was approved for publication by a peer reviewer who is a Doctor of Mathematical Physics with a thesis on Special Relativity. My analysis was approved without changes even though it obviously refutes Einstein’s theories of relativity.

[@osmosisjones4912]

Slifer the sky dragon. . And while we're talking about anime what do you think of Dr Stone

[@Niinkai]

Funny how they changed Osiris to Slifer but left Winged Dragon of Ra as it is. Last time I checked, cult of Osiris disappeared around the same time as Ra's.

[@georgelastrapes9259]

Slipher. Vesto Slipher.

[@Sheehan1]

Isn’t it just the EM “field”??

[@ynntari2775]

there is someone called Aether here. And hearing "death of the _Eather_ (as you say it)" is quite a little bit disturbing :v

[@ynntari2775]

the fabric of space-time, I like this -Aether

[@ynntari2775]

I'm not dead, but reborn as a new concept

[@ynntari2775]

just like people are reborn from resignifying their pasts and their definitions, you change, you get constantly better suited for the new life circunstances of the moment, that's what I like.

[@SiqueScarface]

I find it interesting, that Henri Poincaré, who provided Hendrik Antoon Lorentz with the mathematical foundations of his Luminiferous Aether theory and the Lorentz transformations, was convinced that he created Special Relativity already in 1894. He fought until his death in 1912 with Albert Einstein about the priority, as Henri Poincaré's calculations give the same results like Albert Einstein's Special Relativity if applied to the same physical constellations.

[@andreylebedenko1260]

If we define a Luminiferous Aether in today's terms with its main property being still "medium through which light propagates", then we will have a quantum field of EM, an idea hardly dead.