How Massive Ship Steering Gears Work!

[@savree-3d]

Want to continue learning about engineering with videos like this one? Then visit: courses.savree.com/ Want to teach/instruct with the 3D models shown in this video? Then visit: savree.com/en

[@decomcgurk]

First

[@vikrammgokhale]

Excellent model and explanation, Jon

[@savree-3d]

Thank you!

[@LucasTeixeirasc20]

Heeeey. I'd love to see more courses related to process Engineering. It could be sizing of tanks, equipment design, material and energy balance maybe. Anyway. Your channel is awesome

[@nikola1923]

Hey, what is name of program you use for 3d modeling?

[@turboprint3d]

I did work on a steering gear from time to time on the same ship. One year 2 ships were docked stern to stern, we had just stepped out of the steering room. The other ship decided to do and engine test while the ship i was on had the rudder completely disconnected. The wash from the other ship flipped the rudder 180 degrees and almost killed the engineer working on the gear. It got wedged up agents the big cylinders and bent a bunch of things. spent the next weekend in there cutting the 1.75" grade 8 bolts with a reciprocating saw, then making new bolts .

[@turboprint3d]

original had to make up some tube clamps and the brass blocks where the cylinder rod connects to the rudder stock.

[@cck1496]

Excellent information. What do you mean by "wash from other ship" (while engine testing) because can the propeller be disconnected while engine testing (no load running)? Thanks.

[@turboprint3d]

@@cck1496 well they didn't if they could ... this is not the best shipping company lol I'm a machinist not a marine engineer so i really don't know the finer details of that other ship , only walked through it once .

[@cck1496]

@@turboprint3d Thanks for your prompt reply. Keep it up.

[@turboprint3d]

@@cck1496 thanks I have been playing around with makeing a channel with just me and my buddy talking about the cool stuff we have worked on. Figure some people might like it .

[@carmelpule6954]

Sir, I wish to congratulate you on your beautiful spoken English Language and carefully chosen words and vocabulary to communicate to the listener, as well as establishing a specific voice style. You are a Gentleman Engineer who is tuned up well in both the language spoken symbols and the real fact engineering static and dynamic functions, selecting the right components to fit the function. You said that this is a simple diagram but it describes a very robust system both in schematic and practical terms. I can see the dump valves complete with a line to the high-pressure pump. What I am admiring most is the piston seal position as it could be maintained rather easier than being on the piston end as found in some other push-pull cylinder systems. In one system I had to introduce baffles and cooling in the settling tank as the dump valves were operating too often and so bubbles needed time to settle and not be sucked into the pump. Many pumps get eroded because of the hydraulic oil not having time to settle in the tank and the bubbles rising to the surface. Just for you to consider including crosshead bearing blocks where you mentioned that a lot of grease is necessary to reduce the pressure on those pins. Please note the propeller blades need to be reconsidered as normally your leading edge is the trailing edge. As it is that propeller will cavitate a lot due to the fact that the apparent entry angle in the leading edge of the blade is lost. I see that on the rudder you introduced one of those propeller hub streamlining devices. Your voice sounds very young but you have accumulated a lot of experience. Congratulations.

[@savree-3d]

Thanks Carmel! I will be 40 years old in a few years...but I feel young :)

[@psychedelic7297]

Please make a video regarding ship's main engine water cooling and lub oil cooling system. With rhe help of 3D models and cut section view it is much easier to understand complex things 🙏👍.

[@savree-3d]

We have a whole ship two stroke engine course planned. I've noted your comments.

[@pareshkumar6668]

Yes sir indeed

[@GalileoAV]

@@savree-3d Thank you, looking forward to it.

[@craigmalcolm7103]

I'm literally gonna download all your videos. To be taken used at sea while I have no internet. This is beyond great content thanks so much

[@MrGarthah]

this was my career with a steering gear manufacturer and with a marine engineering company worked from small to medium to very large but not vlcc class been retired ten years now. The systems I worked on the cylinder rods were pinned to the tiller arm only used the slide type tiller on small point to point ferries.

[@researchcapt]

Grease also reduces wear, keeping slack to a minimum. Nice explanation and graphics.

[@austinschulz7356]

I really enjoyed your diagram. Very clever how you did that for showing the different types of valves. You made it easy and fun to learn. I'm Very impressed, good job sir!

[@savree-3d]

Thanks Austin, much appreciated.

[@oubobcats11025]

Awesome video. Your 3D models are very visual, and you give great detailed explanation. I used to be a wheelsman on Great Lakes bulk cargo vessels, so this hits right at home.

[@lewisdoherty7621]

I saw a video of an engineer going through his activities to start up a ship and he goes to the rudder angle indicator, then goes on the radio to the bridge and the bridge moves the rudder and they confirm the rudder moves at the angles and direction the bridge signals and, that the angles and direction shown in the bridge's indicators correspond to the positions shown on the rudder indicator. You can't check the brakes, but you can check the steering before moving.

[@hassanahmadsheikh5130]

Really informative... I'm just installing a stearing gear setup on a vessel now a days... your did cleared alot of my concepts

[@agytjax]

Brilliant video. This is a must watch for all mechanical engineers !

[@mohdhakimbinabdghani5062]

Simple video and easy to understand, thanks!!🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰

[@Runefrag]

It is fully possible to adjust the position of a rudder - even on a 200,000 ton ship - manually with the use of pulleys. You would simply need a whole lot of gear shifting or multiple people.

[@carultch]

Perhaps practical is the word to use instead of possible.

[@jamesharding3459]

@@carultch It was done by the 20,000 ton heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper after being bombed by the RAF during WWII. So possible, but given that it required a significant percentage of the crew to lean on a tiller, it was certainly not especially effective.

[@ManishKumarYadav-qk5bk]

Thanks for making such 3D videos

[@tonymunn]

18:40 port and starboard reversed. Thank you for such an informative video.

[@licencetoswill]

no, the view is looking aft at that poit

[@ajram4114]

Like I said previously, I am not an engineer but required to know about ships occasionally, as part of my profession. I find your videos absolutely enlightening, and, simple and easy to understand. Thank you very much for your series of videos on ships. PS: I think there is a tiny typo error in the angle of movement of the rudder. It seems repeat 35 degrees twice. Thanks again.

[@patkennedy7095]

Thanks John.I finally got to know how these steering engines worked despite having sailed in over 50 merchant ships in the 1950s to 60s. As one of the aforementioned muscley sailors, we rarely had occasion to enter the steering flat, that being engineer domain. Most ships had this kind of steering equipment, referred to as telemotors but a couple of older ships had steam powered steering engines. Although they did the job, they made a hell of a clattering banging din, and as the steering flat was immediately below the sailors and firemens accommodation, sleep was difficult to say the least. The merest touch of the helm generated bedlam. So thank God for hydraulic steering motors.

[@srinathkote3142]

A

[@oguzoner3050]

Excellent tutorial about ship equipments I enjoy watching Thank u so much such as working

[@drakefallentine8351]

Excellent tutorial video. (@3:00) In the discussion of the tiller and pin being a high friction point that requires "a lot of grease". Are there no roller bearings on the pins? Seems like there would be to extend the life of the tiller running surfaces..."with a lot of grease", too.

[@janvisser2223]

Normally the pin has a roller type bearing on it. In fact, the outer ring of the bearing runs in the slot of the tiller. But there are variations in the lay-out

[@drakefallentine8351]

@@janvisser2223 Thanks for clarifying this point. I've worked on a lot of mechanical production line equipment over the decades and every successful cam and roller design mechanism incorporated roller bearings to prevent wear. I can't even imagine the psi of force this rudder control encounters...got to be measured in tons.

[@sadmansujan9100]

Best youtube Channel for engineers

[@onemoremisfit]

Looking at the scale of things the motors on the hydraulic units would be very large. I'm wondering about the dimensions, weight, HP ratings and electric requirements of those motors. Also looks like the diameter of the rams would be several feet thick.

[@joshfixall7938]

Oh yes, you got a ship the size of a continent , those motors would be power equivilant of tractor engines

[@YMSD24]

You are saviour for marine engineers like me by providing 3d models....u r simply too good....hope to see more detailed videos on marine engineering to clear our concepts....will tell my colleagues to subscribe you like i did.... once again thanks a ton for videos... Just one doubt how bidirectional valve controls i mean how it get signal from to change position

[@arunkumarsawant6523]

Is the pump kept on through out the voyage or pressure is maintained by jockey and pump is started at the instant of changing the direction.

[@janvisser2223]

The pump is kept on during the voyage and during manoeuvring both are running. But there are systems were the pumps are powered by VFD’s and run when required by the auto pilot or helmsman.

[@kaushalupadhyay7404]

Brilliant video and very informative, thank you for your short and precise explanation 👍

[@amirapunz1928]

Thank you for sharing. High quality animation and clear delivery of the material.

[@vikrammgokhale]

Sukerna, as Jon is a Marine Engineer, good quality is always assured 😉

[@raymondallenjhangiani7670]

Fantastic explanation ! Beautiful animation ! Very informative material 👍 thank you very much 🙏 much appreciated 🙏 God bless you sir ! 🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏

[@marcob4630]

A truly accurate description: thanks!

[@deepak_nigwal]

and how does the rudder and steering gear assembly deals with the reaction or opposing forces caused by the flow of water? the forces must be high, so how these assemblies are mounted on the ship (or how their mountings are mounted), so that they dont get ripped apart during their mode of operation? (or just the massive bed is enough, which is shown here?)

[@licencetoswill]

very very well bolted to the deck head and beams

[@deepak_nigwal]

@@licencetoswill i already got my answer long time ago, but thanks anyway

[@ludovicoruggiero8160]

Great video!! Keep it up!

[@ludovicoruggiero8160]

@saVRee Please keep making videos about naval engineering. I am a yacht design student, and these topics are very useful to me

[@savree-3d]

Noted. No promises though! I worked as an engineer on super yachts for about 8 years. Nice boats.

[@skudlugs]

Modern props are a thing of beauty.

[@brianperry]

I sailed on a number of very large ships in the late sixties/seventies, for the most part they had steering gear as is your diagram...Usually manufactured by John Haste, (Scotland) even on ships built in Japan. The ships steering wheel on the bridge could be operated either in manual mode ...where you felt hydraulic resistance...or electrically. The former would always return to amidships if you released pressure, the later had to be returned manually. These VLCC ships were quite easy to steer once you got used to the fact they didn't react very quickly to initial rudder movement. Very good explanation of these huge pieces of equipment.

[@vophanhung]

Modern driver assistance technology is now much more advanced. it was installed to turn the boat and power it now

[@screwsnutsandbolts]

Great videos 👍

[@savree-3d]

Thanks 👍

[@screwsnutsandbolts]

@@savree-3d You're welcome !

[@PiPhano]

Very thorough, thank you !

[@vikrammgokhale]

Very nice, Jon. Excellent 3D model makes the explanation very easy to comprehend.👍

[@savree-3d]

Many thanks!

[@recstoppauseplay]

Great explanation of the workings of these massive systems. 'Just a question from a non-engineer though - why do the systems use tanks of fluid as well as the fluid already in the cylinders? Would it work if you used pumps to just fill one cylinder with the fluid from its opposite partner?

[@17hmr243]

in what situation would u be in that u need a local rudder scale to know the derees in ? if u cant steer it from there anyway?

[@MikeF1189]

You can steer the rudder from there if needed, by manually operating the direction valves.

[@johnrauner2515]

Who ever drew your propeller had no idea what they were doing. hahahahaha Props don't rotate trailing edge first. The flukes are back to front.

[@akramkadhim9055]

Simple straight forward , thank u

[@gaius_enceladus]

Really interesting! I wasn't aware of how complex the ship steering gear is and this video explained it really well! Many thanks!

[@savree-3d]

Glad you enjoyed it!

[@rkt7557]

excellent,learning made simple,Please keep making more videos on marine machinery and systems eg-air starting system etc

[@williamwilliams7706]

Nice work again but one question please. Are the head ends of the cylinders vented to atmosphere? Or just simplified view of double acting cylinders.

[@lkytdsvc]

Very informative and great CGI. Well done.

[@경남장-d8d]

wonderful ... explanation

[@ManishKumarYadav-qk5bk]

Your video make me feels like I'm on ships

[@pareshkumar6668]

Please upload next video of this series

[@aungvominn2146]

Could you please make a video for two strokes engine lubrication system

[@NitinKumar-gj4tq]

Clear cut conceptual video Will love to see some videos related to LNG carrier ships like difference between conventional 2 stroke engine and MEGI engines or maybe the equipments related to MEGI engines. Love your efforts.

[@Humble_Electronic_Musician]

Very nice video. Great in depth explanation

[@djpenton779]

very clear. Thanks!

[@savree-3d]

Glad it helped!

[@kalebgonzales4009]

I’ve been thinking about this for a few days ago, but instead of todays ship, I wondered about the titanic’s way of steering? Especially the poop deck helm at the aft.

[@_basu_6320]

Sir you put so much effort for each videos, really appreciate it. By the way, it would be great if you can make a video on Directional Control Valves solely.

[@savree-3d]

Noted. Not sure when we can do it though. Will do our best!

[@vikrammgokhale]

There are already many videos on Directional control valves. No need to reinvent the wheel 😉 Here is the link to one such video kzbin.info/www/bejne/opamqmt9l5eebLc

[@_basu_6320]

@@vikrammgokhale Thank you Sir

[@mrmakinista6837]

Thank you mate!

[@muratkolay9379]

boğazlarımızdaki gemilerin kazasında dümen kitlenmesi oluyor o zaman bu dümen yedekli ise nasıl kilitlenip kalıyor ? yoksa başka bir şey mi?

[@keezo1234]

How is the interface between the air inside the ship and the water outside the ship sealed when there is a vertical shaft that has to rotate between them?

[@kornaros96]

Seals

[@ronm3245]

@@kornaros96 Navy seals

[@kornaros96]

@@ronm3245 not on commercial ships.

[@motobrikerestorations1354]

Well done for these videos

[@ricksadler797]

Great video thank you, I used to work on this systems in the navy then on conventional tugs ,,, never run a z-drive or a-pods though

[@ashwanthash1820]

Thank you so much brother ❤️❤️❤️❤️ you are helping me a lot for my class 4 exams with your videos ❤️❤️🔥 Plz keep doing 🙏🏾🙏🏾

[@savree-3d]

It's my pleasure. I also took my class 4 exams, although it was a while ago!

[@vikrammgokhale]

Excellent effort to explain the 4 Ram type steering. Next video could be about the Rotary Vane Steering gear. Subsequently, you could add Safematic Steering (IMO requirement for large tankers). Also, the significance of Rudder drop and the Jumping clearance.👌👍

[@savree-3d]

Rotary vane steering gear is planned Vikram!

[@naseeranthony6690]

Awesome video, thanks.

[@savree-3d]

You're welcome

[@critical_always]

So this fork thing... It it to get faster responses at small rudder deflections? I am guessing that based on the lever arm being variable length. Longest when the most force is required at max deflection.

[@christophergitano9063]

So im currently in a squall like 120 mph sustained winds and consistant 40 ft crests or air pockets. How do i keep my engines and inverters from flooding or jamming blow outs etc... im on a 350 ft aircraft carrier and looking to upgrading to the PRELUDE once i pick a route and can re pressurize the bow and stern ports... and add an engine system other than that might as well install some masts incase we capsize the air waves could flip me back over like a nice drift soc eh.

[@akan626]

How do you replace the rudder stock seal? Do you have to lift the entire steering gear to get to it and how do you lift it if you do?

[@ronalddavis]

drop the rudder and shaft

[@MarioDallaRiva]

Most interesting, thanks! I'd be curious to see the scale of the rudder control in relation to, say, a human. It must be fairly massive.

[@MrGarthah]

It largely depends on the vessel size but cylinders can be up to 18 inches in outside diameter, are the largest I worked on or can be as small as 50 mm. The largest cylinders I have worked on require a 4 ton chain hoist on an I beam track above them to service them individually.

[@vicneswerpalaniappan1632]

Thank you sooo much for this video.. it's suoer clear

[@jidendrap3745]

Thanyou ❤️❤️❤️

[@68Jaguar420G]

Certainly a more modern steering gear system. While the new directional valves and rudder indicator sensors provide for good control and sensor feeds to remote indicators I still have a soft spot in my heart for the mechanical elegance of a hunting gear controlled system using variable stroke pumps and telemotor receivers. Good introductory teaching video though.

[@cicgprgkmims134]

very, very good

[@TheEvertw]

I love hearing those Dutch words in the English language. Stock = stok, the Dutch word for a stick. Helmstok = Tiller.

[@marioadiez]

A magnificent explanation Sir Thanks for posting!

[@muhammetergen9161]

excellent explanation!!

[@farhanfaizal129]

Please make a video of ship internal structure part names and about three framing system

[@johnriggenbach2999]

Excellent video....thank you

[@tomanycooks]

thank you

[@sergebillault730]

Would an array of smaller rudders be as efficient as one single large rudder?

[@ch-sqpopay9949]

i am a River Pilot (Captain) on the river Rhine. And we use Rudders up to 90° and this with full effect. Though i got before a bit smaller ship (52m long) where 90°didnt has as much of a turning power, there my experience showed me, that 60° wasth most effective. But that caused of the pecific ruddertype we had. Normal Inland waterway carriers usually use 90° with best effect. Those ships usually are between 110m and 183m long... maybe we use more degrees because we are driving in currents. Or maybe its because the Engine power to rudder size ratio is different than it is by offshore bulk carriers. or can you explainme why this is so?

[@RajeshKumar-mt3pg]

Who and how the DCV are controlled......once we achieve the command from bridge how rudder comes to original position.....pls pls 🙏pls pls pls 🙏......make another video with great detail.............you really work hard for ......thanks dear

[@mudithaprasanga7717]

Thank you Soooo much....

[@henrylombard1965]

Nice vid as always! I’m wondering why the steering actuator is hydraulic rather than an electric motor, gearing, and perhaps a ball screw or maybe a rack and pinion? It would seem that elimination of hydraulics would be a good thing?

[@tissuepaper9962]

I think the hydraulic system is a lot more efficient. Mechanical gear reductions have a lot of parasitic friction, and a whole lot of inertia, compared to this electro-hydraulic system.

[@henrylombard1965]

@@tissuepaper9962 Thanks. I get that but being non-battery (space savings) is efficiency that important? A direct drive high torque motor could easily replace any gear system as well as well as eliminate any inertia mismatch (load becomes the motor inertia directly). I'm just thinking that hydraulics "has been the way it's been done" for a century so it's a "use what has worked" mentality. Perhaps I'm wrong, I'm no steering actuator guru.

[@tissuepaper9962]

@@henrylombard1965 AFAIK the hydraulic system weighs quite a bit less than a mechanical gear reduction or a direct drive motor that could handle the same torque. The electro-hydraulic system also doesn't draw as much current from the ship's power system at any given time, which helps keep mains noise and brownouts to a minimum. Think about the inrush current for a motor that big if you use direct-drive. Think about the starting torque necessary to get all those big gears turning if you use a mechanical reduction, not to mention the maintenance necessary to keep them turning smoothly. Now think about the little tiny positive-displacement pump that they use to drive those big hydraulic pistons. There are a lot of reasons why efficiency matters.

[@fionixtit327]

What is your animation soft?

[@actioncircus1]

3:59 "Between 35 to 35 degrees maximum" lol

[@vikrammgokhale]

One small point that I noticed: in the beginning of the video, you have mentioned the electric motors, but not specified what the motors are actually driving? A short description of the main types of pumps would make it clearer: viz. axial piston or radial piston types. Besides driving the main pumps, they also provide the drive for the servo pumps. The oil from the main pumps is sent to the rams, whilst the oil from the servo pumps is used to operate the bypass valves. Also, there are auto isolation valves used to restore steering in case of any leakage ('single failure' is the term used in SOLAS). Maybe you are intending to make another video for these details? 😀

[@savree-3d]

Yeah, there is a lot missing. We could actually make a 1.5 hour video course just about steering gears, its just that my time is restricted a lot at the moment. We have axial piston pumps in the 3D library, but I did not want to mention them because then I would have had to discuss the servo pumps (probably) and the whole momentum of the video slows-down. We will do all of this stuff at some point though.

[@zika694]

I see some holes in ship hull near rudder stock and above the propeller can anyone explain it?

[@vikrammgokhale]

Could you please share a screenshot of the holes? Wasn't able to see these 🤔

[@TvikrPritam]

What Engineering Mindset : Electrical , saVRee : Marine...Muchas Gracias.

[@Crobertg10]

Very interesting. But if one section went out how would the seconday piston bleed oil? Wouldnt it place a lot of strain on the one good pump? The oild wouldn't just move right? Is there lije a back up pump on the line? Just curious not a smart ass.

[@aresjoel8720]

Anyone knows which software is used here for animations?

[@vikrammgokhale]

Once you become a member, you can use the 3D model for your teaching.

[@jazroT]

Really cool stuff!

[@johncaserotti969]

What diameter are the feeder pipes on the big cruise ships?

[@elektrolyte]

the wheelhouse is not always the bridge. Usually the wheelhouse is directly below the bridge

[@someoneelse9637]

But how is the position of the steering wheel transferred to the rudder actuator?

[@farhanahmed6879]

Please make a 3d animated video on purifiers and air compressor used on ship. It will help me and many other like me who are newly promoted to 4th engineer. Thank you

[@BRla86]

Top notch cad

[@peacefullifetv5065]

good video 😍

[@truevision1463]

As the rudder is underwater and the tiller is inside the ship, there would be a significant pressure difference between the two. How is the bearing that which holds the rudder able to prevent water from entering the ship?

[@ronm3245]

Seals. Navy seals.

[@rasimbilbili8918]

wow, perfect

[@francky8389]

Memories of my mechanic courses in the French national navy !!

[@BlackKnight-th8ml]

How old steam steering engines where connected with the wheel house to turn the rudder

[@marinerketanjadhav7698]

sir pls make video on sewage treatment plant construction working

[@pallikorva11]

I could've gotten the same information in two minutes of this video.

[@legiran9564]

How do you do evasive maneuvers with a 100,000 ton Nuclear powered aircraft carrier going 32 knots? The video but multiplied by 4.

[@mohabatkhanmalak1161]

Those would use a hydropneumatic system for rapid shifting of the rudder. They have a steam plant onboard to power the catapult, so this would provide the steam for rudders as well. But looking at the requirement, I would say there would be two systems, a normal system for general cruise as any ship, and a rapid system for quick evasive maneuvers. So, there would be a mechanical clutch to engage and disengage the rudder stock between the two systems. I havn't done any research on this but made my own assumptions.

[@yobeefjerky42]

@@mohabatkhanmalak1161 Alternatively, just use larger rams (and accompanying motors) to turn the rudders, you do, after all, have several nuclear reactors onboard.