How to Make Vinegar Extractions from shells, bones or other resources.

[@stewartwarrilow2242]

Genius. I heard about you via the Huw Edwards channel and I've ordered your book. I love your style of delivery and I'm really grateful to you for sharing your knowledge, thank you.

[@jacobp.6610]

Home made fertilizers and amendments are super imortant to me (i can't stand relying on store boght amendments to ensure good yeilds). Thank you Nigel for sharing your knowledge, you deserve so many more subscribers. I cant wait to get my FPJ and mineral extractions into my garden.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

You are welcome

[@trulylynn9941]

I bought the Jadam book of organic gardening and it has everything you need my friend.

[@shineon651]

@@nigelpalmer3439Have you ever tried this? I was looking to confirm before I tried and stumbled upon your videos. Add some dried eggshells to a jar of apple cider vinegar, with the mother. The end result will be a tincture that relieves acid reflux, treats minor skin irritations and itchy skin.

[@peggyhelblingsgardenwhatyo7920]

Amazing lesson. I add ground Eggshells to my Pot-O-Worms so my worms have grit. Then I use the Castings in Garden. I think adding the Vinegar to extract the minerals would add a level of health. Thank Nigel 👩‍🌾👍

[@augustcoyote]

In all seriousness, thank you for your generosity .

[@michellemullin6587]

Love this, and all the other garden amendment recipes included in the book- thanks Nigel!

[@camperspecial9666]

I've been feeding my eggshells to my chickens after a dose of acv in their water. The remaining shells can now have yet another use in the garden. Thanks for this tip Nigel. Normally I use a considerable amount of shells when I plant my 200 or tomatoes. I'm very excited to get your book and put it to the test.😉

[@nigelpalmer3439]

I hope you will find lots of new, old ideas. Let me know how it all works for you

[@nancyzychek3215]

Thank you so much Nigel! I have been saving my egg shells and now am inspired to use them for this amendment! Another jar on the kitchen shelf!

[@frederickmagill9454]

Thanks Nigel, good luck with the book and your channel, much appreciated.

[@Jerseyhighlander]

I didn't notice the first time around... 8:49 the foam on top, you made the infamous youtube sensation the Angry Snowman. 😆. So I made up a batch real quick two weeks ago and sprayed a bunch of my ailing plants. The difference in just two weeks is profound. Especially my pepper plants which apparently have a significant need for calcium. Thank you.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Angry Snowman or Determined Gardener? So glad to hear of your successes!

[@sarahkrammen9508]

This was super useful for me. Since we can not compost in Truckee, I am excited to reuse my egg shells to close the waste gap and produce nutrients for my 🌱! Thank you!

[@garthwunsch]

Truckee needs to get with the times… haven’t they heard about how composting can help mitigate climate change???

[@lydiascruggs1602]

Thank you for this video. I just started a garden this year for the first time to help me with grocery costs and am learning all I can. My eggshells are in the oven now!

[@nigelpalmer3439]

You are welcome!

[@bradbesco6595]

I ABSOLUTELY agree with the last comment.

[@christinerich3524]

Thanks for sharing this wonderful garden solution!!

[@michellegemmapalmer8774]

Super Cool!!! Excited to use for this years garden.

[@katherineallen2825]

Excellent information! Thank you so much!

[@anniecochrane3359]

Just watched you on Huw's channel and am surely going to make some garden ferments. I always have trouble making enough compost for my garden, and dont like to buy it in because of poisons, so I'm hoping that these mineral amendments will complement the compost so I dont need as much and can do it all at home. yay!! Cant wait to get started. I ordered your book and await its arrival. I make sauerkraut and other ferments, so this will be just adding to the recipes.

[@garthwunsch]

Annie, once you have good compost, you can make a compost extract (not a tea) to water onto your soil. This gets the biology into the soil and makes your compost go much further.

[@ernaverheijdt2925]

Thank you for sharing. Now I learned so much.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

You are welcome

[@shineon651]

I have egg shells coming out my ears. I always dry n grind, then throw them outside by bird feeders and in garden. Always looking for new uses. Had no idea of this use. Tyvm!!

[@nigelpalmer3439]

The eggshell extractions are loaded with minerals (See analysis on web site - www.nigel-palmer.com/data) especially calcium and applied as a foliar spray is a very efficient use of them.

[@shineon651]

@@nigelpalmer3439 I also have ACV taking over my countertops from the neighbors apple harvest. This is great. Really appreciate. (But the pineapple vinegar is the best. ) Now I’m off to find out what else I need to throw in. Lol ;) ps. Link in comment didn’t work. It’s the thought that counts and I believe ya. Thanks again.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@shineon651 www.nigel-palmer.com/data A parenthesis got caught up in the link. Try this... Pineapple vinegar sounds delicious!

[@LittleJordanFarm]

Ordered your book today. Looking forward to reading it. Blessings

[@marinelasonei9576]

I have your book! Thanks for your research!

[@Ian-gw2vx]

Tip, do this outdoors. I did this and the horrible burning smell of eggshells permeated through the house for a long time.

[@joanevans1894]

Saw you on the Huw Richards channel. I bought your book

[@nigelpalmer3439]

I hope you enjoy it!

[@joanevans1894]

I did make the egg extraction, although it started to fizz when adding vinegar, there was no foaming or eruption of the mixture after two weeks. A thick rubbery texture formed on the top of solution. Is this mixture worth keeping, will it be potent? I will try again. Thank you.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@joanevans1894 You made a perfect eggshell vinegar extraction. Foam or eruption not required. The rubbery top is the formation of a mother. Strain the liquid, store and use. Add more vinegar to the jar and repeat.

[@joanevans1894]

@@nigelpalmer3439 thank you for your very prompt reply. 👍🏻

[@niallwildwoode7373]

I don't eat eggs, but can find bones by the bucket, as my land is surrounded by sheep pastures. Some fallen stock are left by my neighbours for the local carrion eaters, so there's lots of bones around. I regularly find pheasant carcases which are partly defleshed by stoats (my badgers leave nothing), so they're best consigned to the compost heap for the worms to finish the task. Great vid. Thankyou!

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Great resources, closing the waste gap! Use mammal bones rather than fowl.

[@mylesfalconer9183]

Why?

[@christinaoliveryoung6019]

@@nigelpalmer3439 I'm also curious why mammal bones only, no fowl?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@mylesfalconer9183 My fowl bone vinegar extraction reacted with the metal lid and I was subsequently reluctant to apply to plants. Master Cho (KNF) also recommends not using them. Suggest making some, analyzing to see whats in them and experimenting yourself if curious. See website amendment analysis page in interested. www.nigel-palmer.com/recipeanalysis

[@nigelpalmer3439]

​@@christinaoliveryoung6019 My fowl bone vinegar extraction reacted with the metal lid and I was subsequently reluctant to apply to plants. Master Cho (KNF) also recommends not using them. Suggest making some, analyzing to see whats in them and experimenting yourself if curious. See website amendment analysis page in interested. www.nigel-palmer.com/recipeanalysis

[@regular_guy70s]

Is it ok to use plastic containers to make these ferments and extractions?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

For small scale gardeners it is usually easy to find a glass jars to make fermented plant juice and vinegar extractions. Quart or half gallon canning jars are perfect. Crocks are good investments for making a gallon or a few gallons. As scale increases to the large farm glass containers become harder to find/afford. Use what you have.

[@tinkertailorgardenermagpie]

@@nigelpalmer3439 Ok, thanks so much (I was going to ask the same question!). I have a hard time finding reasonably-priced canning jars & also use almost every glass jar from the grocery in food preservation so would rather not dedicate those jars for extractions!

[@user-tl9pq7bq5y]

Facial hair vinegar extract contains 3298 potassium!? Will have to give that one a go. Just bought your book. Thanks for the info!

[@nigelpalmer3439]

My facial hair. It would be interesting to see what exactly yours contains. After you make your own consider analyzing it and compare. See process for analyzing mineral amendments and sharing with the world. www.nigel-palmer.com/recipeanalysis Let me know if you have any questions.

[@bariaissa1737]

Thank You

[@nigelpalmer3439]

You are welcome.

[@enchantingtheory7291]

I’m curious if onion powder being in this mixture would be helpful/ harmful or neutral for the fertilizer as I use the onion as a deterrent for pests. Thanks I’m advance! 🙏🏼😊

[@nigelpalmer3439]

I have not tried that. I generally use one ingredient to make an amendment and test so I understand its characteristics and mix ingredients during application.

[@annawolniak-lipinska6138]

Your content is super interesting. Can you allow automatic transalation for other languages?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

This is a great idea, but I do not know how to do it. I will try and figure it out.

[@mariagibbons8437]

Where do you pour the liquid? On the ground? Or for soaking seedlings? Thanks very much.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Dilute 500 to 1 and apply to the soil or soak seeds or apply to the leaves as a fine mist (foliar spray)

[@Matt-ys5ix]

Thanks for posting, Nigel. I've scanned the comments looking for discussion on the "why" of pre-toasting before the ACV soak to dissolve minerals and not finding, so I'll ask. My guess is that it's a sanitary strategy to oxidize the tissue that bacteria would consume? Or are you pursuing a bio-char angle? Something else?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Cooking removes any organic matter and moisture. Oxidation also occurs. Facilitates acidic reactions. No bacteria in low pH vinegar.

[@Matt-ys5ix]

@@nigelpalmer3439 Makes sense. Thank you for clarifying. And I appreciate you sharing your knowledge with us.

[@jordanwilson5936]

When making FFJ of banana for potassium do I use a 1:1 of the banana fruit or the peel and should I add water or not also what other minerals would I be getting

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Did you mean FPJ? You could use either, but fruit would have more minerals. See page 134. All minerals will be there, but the proportions will vary. Need to do analysis to understand more. See www.nigel-palmer.com/recipeanalysis for how to analyze amendments.

[@CalorieRebel]

Could you please explain: Why do you toast the eggshells until nearly burnt? Also why don't you grind them up finer for even more surface area? Thanks for the reply.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Cook shells to remove organic matter and water. Too fine will clog foliar sprayer.

[@ScowlingWolf]

oo sqwee just the channel i needed,,ty

[@cqammaz53]

I have to grind my eggshells for my red wiggles. but I'm going to save some for this recipe.

[@HamzaAli-rm7oh]

Can I feed this eggs liquid to chickens? Thanks

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Let them be the judge, see if they like it.

[@DaZebraffe]

Bonus tip! After you're done with the egg shells/oyster shells/bones/what-have-you, gotten all the calcium you can out of 'em...You can put the spent material in the compost! Bonus bonus tip! If you're a hunter or butcher or something, and doing this as a way to get a bit more use out of bones...one more use is to get yourself a grinder rated to handle the type of bones you've got, grind them into a fine powder, and use that powder to extend your flour at home! Adding bonemeal to your flour in this way extends how much bread/cake/whatever you can make with it, and adds all sorts of lovely extra minerals to your diet!

[@melissal2724]

Question- in your book, you mention covering the jar with a cloth after starting the extraction. I did this, but it seems to have halted the reaction. At first it was very vigorous but it stopped. Does this mean it has failed? Also will it not work as well if it's too warm in the room, even if it's out of direct light? Thanks for all that you do -💝

[@nigelpalmer3439]

All is normal and good. The reaction will subside with time. Decant and use as described.

[@melissal2724]

Thank you so much for your reply. And this still applies if it literally stopped producing the egg "foam" in less than 24hrs? It looked like it would surely overflow the jar - but then it suddenly ceased once i placed the cloth on top. It's now been 1 month with no change.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@melissal2724 Reaction activity will very with each batch. It is all good.

[@danvankouwenberg7234]

I see you usually talk about Oyster shells specifically. Are they way better than clam shells? I grill little neck clams and after dinner, roast the shells on the grill ro cook everything off and get them brittle. I crush that up and spread it in the garden and my compost.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Clams should provide good nutrients. Consider making a vinegar extraction and analyzing the resulting liquid to see what exactly is in them. Se my web site for more information. www.nigel-palmer.com/recipeanalysis

[@danvankouwenberg7234]

@@nigelpalmer3439 thanks for the response. I have the JADAM WCA on hand from last year, but I will try it.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@danvankouwenberg7234 Maybe you should analyze both of them to understand what each really has in them?

[@danvankouwenberg7234]

@@nigelpalmer3439 I will. I hm ave three boys so we go through a ton of eggs and to make the solution I will only need a few clam shells. I just didn't know how to do the analysis. It's funny you replied because I wrote JADAM WCa, but I think I got the recipe from your book! Haha. And I was reaching for your book to put a grocery list together.

[@happydays2190]

What is the product you end up with called? What exactly are you extracting? And is it too acidic to use on the plants?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

They are called vinegar extractions. Minerals and other compounds are extracted. The analysis results of 18 minerals contained in them can be found in the appendix of my book and on my web site. www.nigel-palmer.com/data Dilution ratios are 1:500 so no concerns about acidity.

[@jenniferfisher1743]

Can the crushed oyster shells I are fed to chicken be used for make a vinegar extraction?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Sure.

[@shininginshadows]

Can you use crustacean shells for this process?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Yes

[@shininginshadows]

@@nigelpalmer3439 awesome, thanks!

[@edifying]

Just ordered your book and I am very excited to receive it. Love the idea of using what is already on my land to use as amendments and fertilizer. I do have a question. I make a great deal of beef, chicken, pork and occasionally deer broth. I always bake the bones for a hour at 400 degrees prior to soaking them in a 1 cup AVC to 1 1/2 gallons mixture of water to leach minerals for the broth. Will there be enough nutrients left in the bones to make it worthwhile to soak them again, or do you feel they will be spent to such an extent to not make it worth the effort?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Yes. You will be able to leach out minerals several times. Don't dilute the ACV when making garden mineral amendments.

[@edifying]

@@nigelpalmer3439 Thank you.

[@Jerseyhighlander]

The foam that pushed the top off... scrape off and throw away or stir it back in? I've got very alkaliine soil and my plants are showing signs of calcium deficiency, so I'm wondering about using the vinegar, diluted of course, in the ground to drop the pH a little at a time.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Stir back in. No problem with pH. See page 33 - 34 to learn more about soil pH characteristics.

[@jongermani]

Ciao Nigel! è possibile usare il mio aceto di vino fatto da me invece che quello di mele? Grazie della tua disponibilità!

[@nigelpalmer3439]

This has been translated by the computer so hope it is accurate as I do not speak or write Italian. Grazie per averci contattato. L'aceto di vino dovrebbe funzionare finché il pH è 4 o 5.

[@jongermani]

@@nigelpalmer3439 Thank you so much!

[@bevcruz940]

Just asking, what is the reason for cooking the shells or bones first? Also, can they be overcooked? I’ve been throwing the bones into my wood stove

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Cook to remove organic material and moisture. Overcooked is okay. Disintegration perhaps not.

[@jannpumkin4766]

I was wondering would iron acetate be a viable method of combating suspected chlorosis disease.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Uniform chlorosis on young leaf blades may be caused by an iron deficiency. Most fermented plant juices have soluble iron in plant available forms, as well as a complement of other important minerals, that could be used to treat this condition. Apply as a foliar spray in the early morning. For analysis of many home made mineral amendments check out the data on my web site or appendix E in my book.

[@MarcMallary]

I grind oyster shell meal, to a powder, in an old blender. I'll have to try fermentation.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Sounds great!

[@Mdxmp5]

Hi Nigel any thoughts on using fossilized seashells for this extraction?? I have a sustainable source near by that is more readily available that oyster shells.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Absolutely. Use what you have. You could analyze the resultant extraction to see what is in it if you wanted. www.nigel-palmer.com/recipeanalysis

[@bexxISM]

Would you extract from nut shells? I noticed that peanut and pistachio shells take a long time to compost.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Why not. You could then test the resulting amendment using info on my web site.

[@keithb2044]

Hi Nigel, just tried the bone extract for the first time. I'm wondering what happens if the bones aren't thoroughly dry. I maybe acted too hastily and added vinegar to bones that weren't totally dry. They were still cooking off some oil when I put them in. Not seeing any sort of reaction in the first 2 hours of adding the bones. Let me know what you think

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Not sure what you mean by "cooking off some oils"? All the organic matter and water should be off. You could let it sit for a few weeks, strain and try it. If the plants like it you are on the right track. A picture would give me more information to work with.

[@keithb2044]

@@nigelpalmer3439 sorry that wasn’t clear. I guess my question is what happens if you don’t dry the bones completely. I don’t think I dried them thoroughly because they were still releasing oil on the pan when I took them out of the oven. I cooked at 350 for 40 minutes. When I added them to the apple cider vinegar no reaction took place. For now I removed them and will try to dry them better and add again. Hopefully this makes more sense. If so, let me know what you think.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Now I understand. We make bone broth with the bones to get this nutritious material out and eat it. This entails simmering the bones for many hours usually a couple of times and then roast them. Yes, these oils will effect the extraction process. Suggest simmering the bones for 10 - 12 hour and using the stock produced for soups or stews then roast.

[@samrathbone753]

I did a vinegar extraction of egg shells and some sea shells from the beach. It ended up smelling horrible after a while. Suppose it is safe to use or should I get rid of it and start over?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Your plants will not mind the smell.

[@sophievautour8573]

Why do you need to cook them? What happens if you don't, and just put them in vinegar? It is very cool. Especially that you use apple cider vinegar

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Cooking removes organic material and water.

[@conniemartin9670]

tried this with oyster shells. There is mould forming on top. Is this safe to use and store?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Mold or foam? How long has it been sitting? As long as shells below liquid it is okay. A picture would be helpful.

[@conniemartin9670]

@@nigelpalmer3439

[@nancyprovost1878]

Love your research and theories. Are there advantages or differences in the FPJ or extraction formulas for plants?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Yes. See amendment element analysis results in book or my web site. (nigel-palmer.com)

[@peter2327]

What is the roasting for? Why couldn't I extract raw eggshells or bones?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

roasting removes organic material and water opening pours for vinegar to penetrate.

[@maytt675]

I suppose the solution is less acidic when finished, but what is the final pH, and how would you modify to bring it to 6-8, assuming it woild still be acidic?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Still acidic. Dilution 1:500 with good water prior to application.

[@tonynigro6187]

I am fairly new to having a home garden, just ordered your book and I'm excited about learning and the process. One question I have is after I make eggs do I need to clean out the leftover egg in the shell before accumulating enough to toast and if so how would I do that?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

You don't have to clean them immediately. The recipe does not care. It really depends on how often you eat eggs and your tolerance for having them laying around. I let them sit by the toaster until I get enough to fill the toaster or the site of them causes me to toast them.

[@tonynigro6187]

@@nigelpalmer3439 I was concerned with bacteria forming while the shells sit around, but sounds like it is not an issue. Thanks for replying

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@tonynigro6187 Correct

[@tonynigro6187]

@@nigelpalmer3439 👌👍🙂

[@tonynigro6187]

I made the egg shell mineral extract yesterday 7/1. It foamed up over the top, but I didn't leave any room and put the acv to the top of the jar. Not sure if that affected anything. My main question is that only after a day I don't see much happening in the mixture, such as bubbles or any more foaming. Is it possible it could be done in one day?

[@chanelferragamo]

Hi Nigel, so glad I have found your book and videos. Could I use kombucha instead of vinegar? I keep forgetting my kombucha until it’s very sour…

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Kombucha will not leach out minerals like vinegar will.

[@migueltigrelazo]

@@nigelpalmer3439 they're not the same thing? Both are acetic acid. You would just have to make a very vinegary kombucha.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@migueltigrelazo I just measured the acidity of two batches of Kombucha and was surprised at how acidic they were. It seems you could use kombucha instead of vinegar, a great line of experimentation. If anyone does this please submit the final mineral amendment for analysis. www.nigel-palmer.com/recipeanalysis. Thanks!

[@hildebecker2016]

Thanks you so much for sharing your experiences with us. One question regarding 2nd extraction: do you add egg shells to the 1st or vinegar or both? Greetings from Germany !

[@nigelpalmer3439]

vinegar only for the second extraction. In general, extract until the material floats.

[@LynSauberli]

I made up a batch of your eggshell extract by memory (yes a mistake to rely on my memory) and forgot to toast the eggshells first. Have I ruined it and need to start a new batch? Or is there anything I can do to salvage this? There was definitely a lovely foamy reaction.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Use it. Dilute 500:1

[@fossilfacefarms4049]

Hello Nigel! I have not found any information on using ACV to further extract from Azomite and greensand. Would you use this same process?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

I would suggest you give it a try, but analyze the results to see what you get. Azomite has some heavy metals and other traces that may become concentrated with extraction that may be a concern. I have not used ACV to extract minerals from rock dusts. They usually are very fine with huge surface areas so I apply them directly into the soil or compost pile for digestion.

[@mom2acl]

I prefer to gently boil versus baking my shells, then fully dry in a low temp oven (too long to explain why!). The shells come out totally clean and dry. Does boiling the eggshells significantly reduce calcium content by leaching it into the water, therefore making a less concentrated vinegar extract? Thank you.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

I have not measured this effect, but you could. I would guess it to be minimum.

[@santosesquivel4096]

Can You Delut Dried bone powder in vineger to get more phosphorous and make it solible for fertilizing plants.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

I have not tried extracting powders, but they will react with vinegar to produce a mineral amendment. The powder may be difficult to strain out of the solution. You may want to apply powders to the compost pile or directly into the garden during the winter months.

[@cqammaz53]

Does it have to be apple cider vinegar or can I use any type of vinegar?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

It is the weak acid in the vinegar that leaches out minerals. Organic reduces the probability of GMO or other chemicals. Many can make apple cider vinegar as apples grow around the world. Use your best option.

[@kanthvickram4490]

Can we use it for human consumption in a very diluted form, as a liquid calcium, if so, what isw the diluting the ratio, please ?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Why not?

[@kanthvickram4490]

@@nigelpalmer3439 Thank you. I did this method before, but i throw the venigar away and swallowed the powdered egg shell, by ignorant/mistake!! At that time, i did not learn that calcium is dissolved in the vinegar, and saturated in the vinegar !! Now i know to drink the calcium-dissolved-vinegar !! Well...we live and learn !!

[@Ian-gw2vx]

I have done the extraction, but didn't get the froth but it was bubbling. Can you tell me if this is for use on the soil/compost in pots or sprayed on the foliage like the nettle fermentation ? Thanks.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Froth not required. Use in all those places. Dilute at least 500:1

[@Ian-gw2vx]

@@nigelpalmer3439 Thanks Nigel, much appreciated.

[@mom2acl]

@@nigelpalmer3439 I also did not observe any frothing and actually very little bubbling. I did a second batch and again only very subtle bubbling and zero frothing. Am I doing something wrong?!

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@mom2acl No. There is great variation in vinegar and associated activity.

[@joanevans1894]

Can you use a plastic jar, or does it have to be glass for this procedure?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

I would recommend glass.

[@kioralaura3724]

I make my own water kefir, and add an egg shell. I've noticed the "thinning" of the shell after fermentation. Would this be similar to using the apple cider vinegar, in that I could use the kefir water instead - I have lots :D

[@nigelpalmer3439]

It is the weak acid in vinegar that leaches minerals which is different than the fermentation process of water kefir. You could analyze the liquid to see what is really in it and compare it to the different amendment process listed in Appendix E of my book. There is also a data set on my web site that could be used for comparison. (nigel-palmer.com)

[@kioralaura3724]

@@nigelpalmer3439, thank you. I don't have the means to analyse the liquid from the kefir, so I will just continue with the vinegar method you show. I am hoping to be able to buy your book soon :)

[@tonynigro6187]

I have your book and so far I've made the egg shell extraction. I will be doing more things soon, but I have a question regarding aphids. Does apple cider vinegar used in the extraction kill aphids? I would much prefer to get two for one using this as a foilage spray to help the plants and also kill the aphids. Also I am wondering about the amount you suggest to make the extraction into use for garden watering. If I understand it right it is one quarter teaspoon per gallon of water. This seems like such a small amount of the extraction. Is this really all that is needed? Can I use a higher concentration if I want or will it be to much for the plants?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

1 teaspoon:1 gallon = 1:768. This would be fine to start with. This ratio will not kill aphids.

[@majapetric8809]

in your book you said you can have second (vinegar) extraction from material left from making FPJ. Is the vinegar:plant ratio the same? 10% material and the rest vinegar?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

There is still liquid in the fpj residue and you don't want to dilute the vinegar too much. If not 10% not more than say 30%.

[@carolynrae1845]

Nigel, I absent mindedly made an extraction of eggshells using Malt Vinegar by mistake. Will this still be safe or effective to use?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Safe, yes as long as the vinegar is clean. Consider organic sources. Effective, why not? As long as the acidity is low enough minerals will be extracted and be available to plants. Experiment starting with dilution rates of 1000:1.

[@catherinescheffer8843]

Is it possible to use leftover bones that were used to make bone broths?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Of course! Close the waste gap. Read more about this in my book

[@aaljabri7524]

I have several questions about your process: Why do you cook the egg shelss? Why do you advice against breaking the eggshells into smaller peices Can you use regular white vinegar instead of apple?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Cook to remove organic material and moisture. Small pieces will get through sieve and clog foliar sprayer. What is white vinegar? Exactly! I do not use it.

[@derekderek2570]

You pour a jar of vinegar in your garden? I don't understand what you actually apply. The residual egg shells or the jar of vinegar

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Strain liquid. Dilute 1:1000 with good water. Apply as foliar spray or drench.

[@derekderek2570]

@@nigelpalmer3439 ahhhh gotcha, that makes more sense than just dumping a bunch of vinegar on your plants

[@riderhard]

Gee Nigel, I think you stopped short and forgot to tell us at what ratio do you add this additive to water and spray on plants? Or did I miss something? Thanks.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

1:1000 up to 1:500

[@D3vilman95]

For how long do you have to leave it with the eggshells?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

At least a week, More is better.

[@paulbraga4460]

among KNF practices, calcium extraction with vinegar - probably the least cost-efficient...blessings to all

[@melissal2724]

Should i boil chicken bones to remove any meat before baking them?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Don't use chicken bones, use mammal bones.

[@melissal2724]

@@nigelpalmer3439 thank you very much

[@nhart9043]

@@nigelpalmer3439 I'm enjoying your book and noticed that chicken bones weren't listed. Is there a particular reason why they should be used? Just curious.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@nhart9043 I tried them and the liquid deteriorated the lid (metal) of the canning jar I used rather quickly. KNF texts also suggest not using them. Let me know your experience with them if you give it a try.

[@sabinewittenburg5789]

Thanks, so insightful! Awaiting your book in the mail today. Can I mix and match different amendments? for example this mineral extraction with a nettle fermentation to get an even more potent amendment? And my second question: Taking the logic of amendments, which totally resonates with me, a step further: How about application for humans, i.e. topiary or ingestion? Is there any science on this? Thanks so much and best regards, Sabine

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Making amendments with individual constituents and understanding what is in them allows combining them to effect plant points of influence later. The shelf stable aspect of these recipes facilitates this discussion.

[@sabinewittenburg5789]

@@nigelpalmer3439 Thank you Nigel, it's a fascinating topic and you present it in your book in an understandable yet in depth way. My young vegetable plants have made a remarkable boost since I first applied an amendment last week. Any opinion on my second question, whether there are findings about application for humans? Best regards from Northern Germany!

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@sabinewittenburg5789 Human's require a broad spectra of minerals as well. That is why we eat the plants. Fermented plants like sauerkraut is a healthy choice. I am not aware of specific studies discussing the use of these recipes for humans, but when I think of mineral or biological amendments these seem to be in the right direction.

[@sabinewittenburg5789]

@@nigelpalmer3439 Thinking about what the amendments could do for humans opens up a whole new playground for your work, doesn't it! Seems nobody touched this topic yet although it is so obvious. In case you get engaged in this direction I'll be curious about your findings. Good luck and best regards, Sabine

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@sabinewittenburg5789 We teach and discuss this at The Institute of Sustainable Nutrition. Check us out at www.tiosn.com.

[@hal7ter]

Why riast them - does it make the process faster? I put my bones in the pressure cooker with some vinegar and in a couple hours they are soft....

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Roasting removes organic material and water allowing the vinegar to better penetrate and dissolve minerals.

[@LizCoxSI]

After taking 2 or 3 extractions from the bones is there a beneficial use for the bones?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Compost after extraction

[@tinkertailorgardenermagpie]

@@nigelpalmer3439 or sun dry/dehydrate then crush for bone meal?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@tinkertailorgardenermagpie You could do that too. The important thing is that nothing is wasted to the garbage can.

[@todgerx]

Hey, new sub here from Ireland. Living you're content so far. I defo wanna be able to make my own amendments and trace minerals. I cooked some egg shells, and then placed them in jar like u did, and added organic apple cider vinegar, but I'm not getting near the reaction you got. I see a little bit of fizzing, but not much. Curious if u have discord. Would be great if their was another platform we're your subs could talk abiuz you're methods.. 👍

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Amount of fizz will vary with vinegar. Not to worry if not vigorous. Check out my web site for workshops.

[@todgerx]

@@nigelpalmer3439 hey thank you very much for replying. I appreciate it. I like to support organic content creator. Il defo be buying your book. Yeah checking it every few days. I'm noticing the egg shells breaking down. Awesome! Will check out your work shop also. How long before I can use it then? I've got some tomatoes that have a small cal/mag deficiency. I fed them some Epsom salt, 1 tbl to 5lt.. How much of the vinegar egg extract should I add to that. I'm guessing 1 tbl hit cud that be a bit much?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@todgerx dilute vinegar extractions 1:500

[@santosesquivel4096]

Is Corn Starch Potasium?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

I do not know.

[@culinarygurly987]

In reading your book, you say that apple cider vinegar is a weak acid and used for extractions works well, could you then also use what is called Kombucha Vinegar which is just kombucha gone a little too far and has a taste similar to vinegar

[@nigelpalmer3439]

I have measured the acidity of kombucha and find it to be acid enough to work, but have not tried it myself. It would be interesting to analyze the results. See web site if interested. Let me know if you need assistance.

[@culinarygurly987]

@@nigelpalmer3439 would be interesting to see the science and see if it works comparable. I have seen people replace apple cider vin in cooking recipes with a ( what I call RIPE) kombucha so it was a thought. I may try it because I have a lot of Booch

[@gratefulacres4107]

Organic store bought apple cider vinegar is pricey here, I will try this with my own homemade acv, the ph isn't exact but should be close.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Yes, it will work.

[@santosesquivel4096]

Does bone powder (boneMeal) have potasium in it Like Banan Peals.?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

The vinegar extracted bones that I have analyzed have potassium in them. You can see this analysis on my web site if interested.

[@augustcoyote]

I can come over and clean your toaster oven. :P

[@rachelbutler790]

Why is toasting necessary before making the extraction? What happens chemically in the eggs/bones when toasting? Why wouldn’t a vinegar extraction work if you do it raw?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Burns off organic matter and removes water so vinegar can get into the small spaces and react.

[@rachelbutler790]

@@nigelpalmer3439Ooooh, thank you that makes sense!

[@giuseppeiermieri4218]

Hi Nigel, Since apple cider vinegar is an antibacterial, don't we risk negatively affecting the biology of plants and soil? Thank you....

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Dilution rates of 1000 to 1 or 500 to 1 eliminate these risks.

[@giuseppeiermieri4218]

@@nigelpalmer3439 Thanks for the prompt and timely reply!

[@cupcake2024]

@@nigelpalmer3439 hi 👋 I just found this video, want to ask the ratio 500:1, is the 1 means 1tsp or 1tbsp? Thank you!

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@cupcake2024 ratio by volume. Example: 500 tsp: 1 tsp or 500 tbsp: 1 tbsp. This is about 4 gallon : 2 tbsp

[@cqammaz53]

I boil my eggshells then lay them out to dry (the egg water goes straight into my garden or compost pile) Which way is better?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

I think you are referring cooking the shells versus letting them air dry. Getting the water and biology out of the shells facilitates the leaching process.

[@junewilliams2149]

Hi Nigel- I bought your book on preorder last year and have found it fascinating! One question: the appendix does not seem to have a chemical breakdown of egg shell as an amendment. Is there a reason for this? Thank you.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

No good reason. I will be publishing more analysis results on my web site. Working to get the public involved, those from all over the world. Check it out for more information. Just getting this process underway. Stay tuned.

[@soulieobelissevan]

I assume this is also edible... what are health benefits to the body?

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Vinegar extractions are loaded with a broad spectrum of minerals. See the analysis results of several of them in Appendix E or my web page.

[@brothyr]

I know this is a thing people do but I would've found this more believable with some amount of scientific explanation of the processes happening. It seems like to me, cooking the eggshells breaks them down a tiny bit which allows the vinegar to react with the now more available calcium carbonate but this means nothing of value is happening, only the pH is rising away from acidic.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Yes, weak acids dissolve minerals. I was curious about the content of amendments made using all of these recipes and so analyzed many of them for 18 different elements. You can find the results in Appendix E of the book and at www.nigel-palmer.com/data.

[@s.l.3673]

It's good to learn the tricks, though I have to say, the amount of energy in all these procedures is not insignificant.

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Think about the energy used to make, package and ship the alternative! Like most new things the first time is most difficult. Remember that pint of amendment is diluted 500:1 so will make 500 pints = 62 gallons! It will probably take less time to make than it takes to get in the car, drive to the store to buy something and come home. You will have the satisfaction of knowing that this product did not waste any oil on packaging or transportation costs (really sustainable), its non-toxic, but your plants response may be the best part of all.

[@johnnmartens3067]

I mix fish hydrolysate egg shell vinegar and EM1 as a foliar what are your thoughts on mixing these ingredients for a foliar

[@nigelpalmer3439]

I think it is great that you are experimenting with these ideas. What are you trying to do and what were your results? You could review individually the analysis of fermented fish and vinegar extracted eggshells on my web site to understand what minerals may be in your combination. www.nigel-palmer.com/data. Suggest using leaf mold biology (recipe on page 149 of book which is free if you are purchasing EM) as a biology source.

[@johnnmartens3067]

Thank you for the reply the idea for me is to keep my plants Brix high enough to keep them healthy I was thinking the fish hydrolysate for amino acids I know it has lots of other minerals in it to but that‘s the main nitrogen source they get the eggshell for calcium and EM1 for a probiotic mind you I use everything in small dilutions just want to spoon feed them once a week and yes I’m getting away from EM1 and collecting IMO to replace it i also use 2 year aged Johnson su compost I make I coat every seed that goes in the garden and use in in furrow with amazing results!

[@nigelpalmer3439]

@@johnnmartens3067 Great stuff. An experimental gardener!

[@peggyhelblingsgardenwhatyo7920]

Amazing lesson. I add ground Eggshells to my Pot-O-Worms so my worms have grit. Then I use the Castings in Garden. I think adding the Vinegar to extract the minerals would add a level of health. Thank Nigel 👩‍🌾👍

[@peggyhelblingsgardenwhatyo7920]

@Barry McCockiner I don't think I was clear about this. I might try adding vinegar to the Eggshells to extract minerals, but I won't give those shells or the extract to my worms. I would only imagine that the vinegar would make the Ph drop to unfriendly Worm levels. But I'm not a biologist and you would need to do research. 👩‍🌾👍

[@nigelpalmer3439]

Yes