Brushless DC Speed Controller

[@HyperspacePirate]

I've updated the description with a link to the arduino code

[@jstro-hobbytech]

without checking the source it reeks of the electronoobs guy. he's the king of the 328p haha

[@a.a-c5h]

@@jstro-hobbytech 😊

[@raoumer3682]

Can you plz given me the circuit diagram or garbal file

[@vladimirsamas3097]

when will be the video about the bigger ESC

[@winnaingnaing3023]

​@@jstro-hobbytech@@a

[@AradijePresveti]

You know you're in for a treat when the video starts with the words "My submarine...".

[@jstro-hobbytech]

I died hahaha

[@camronmaccourt]

Exactly...

[@franukito]

My submarine-themed bathroom is relaxing to see while taking a dump.

[@brandon.4451]

My exact thoughts lol

[@m3chanist]

Haha EXACTLY. A rare combination of words you hear spoken indeed.

[@garymucher4082]

As with any experimental project, you start from the basics, and when you get it kind'a working, you add other options to fine tune exactly what you really want. Amazing how large such circuits end up being. Been there done that so many times... Thumbs Up!

[@anomaly9233]

I found my way here from the cryocooler videos, and YOU HAVE A SUBMARINE! This channel is amazing.

[@BS_Workspace]

I just wanted to say thanks for sharing your project, It provided inspiration and impetus. I had been putting my own ESC project off for a while. A combination of analysis paralysis and trying to think of all the required features. I decided to go with through hole components (majority) and an arduino after seeing this video. My motor is now up and running. Thanks again.

[@rafa_br34]

Holy shit, you did something most KZbinrs failed badly to do without even needing external comparators.

[@MuratIsikHome]

Very nice video giving a lot of insight. Congratulations. One humble improvement I can suggest is not to use a Linear Regulator (LM317 at 10:41) but instead, use a DC-DC converter (aka switching power supply to convert your 24-28V down to 14V). When you use a linear regulator, you are burning half of your battery capacity [ (28V-14V)/28V = 50% ] on the LM317, basically converting it to heat. Switching power supplies, on the other hand, can be as much as 99% efficient, and therefore use your battery capacity for propulsion instead of heat. Keep designing

[@victoryfirst2878]

I have to tip my hat off to you Sir. This video really refreshes my knowledge of electronics with all the buzz and straight information on the subject matter. I am looking forward to check out your other videos to bring my knowledge of electrical stuff to on par. Job well done Sir too. Have yourself a Merry Christmas and A Happy New Years fella. Hope great things for us both in the New Year.

[@MarlosB]

Great video, BLDC motors and its ESCs are tricky and most videos available get some details wrong and drive viewers to non working solutions and broken code. Your solution works and your explanation is very good. Thanks

[@Mike-nk3su]

hands down the most informative video about a brushless motor controller that i have found on KZbin please make more videos on the subject. i wish you could write something to flash firmware to a GD32F103C8T6 hoverboard controller I've been fighting with it for months

[@MakeTeachRepeat]

It’s because the brushless controller, like servos don’t just take PWM control, they need an exact pulse timing to initialise. If you use a servo library it’ll solve your issues.

[@analoghardwaretops3976]

They need an exact position of winding wrt magnet position & polarity.. but this is not achievable. with external servo pos. control ..... Here target is stator wdg./ rotor magnet ..ext.servo is for external target/ plant control

[@danielfearn6076]

It's still PWM, just a particular rage of duty cycle. I'm sure this guy was able to figure that out. The problem with RC ESCs is that they are a bit picky about what signals you send them to start up. Some won't recognise a servo "0" or "180" degree, and will instead only accept signals between e.g. 20 and 160 degrees. On startup they often do some sort of input calibration, so once again if you have the wrong signal being sent at that moment it'll mess things up.

[@scotticus66]

Wow well done and thanks for sharing the code. be careful out there the ocean has this way of destroying everything that sied it looks like you know what you are doing! having been on a submarine With The RCN and noting that they spend a lot of time in dry dock and almost never sail I have a lot of respect for what you are attempting.

[@emirhanb7902]

You are a holy engineer. Whispering to esc and motors and stuff. So inspired by your work as a high school student!

[@Positive_Altitude]

Very good! A very clean guide through ESC design. The only mistake (that actually, almost all hobby ESCs have) is that you should not switch phases at zero-crossing. Zero-crossing happens in the middle of the current phase, not at the end. So you switch phases a little bit too early. That still works obviously, but it reduces efficiency and increases torque ripple.

[@Gersberms]

This is so interesting and impressive! I finally really understand exactly why 3 phase motors have 6 wires, how all these coils relate to only 3 phases, and how the number of magnets are related to the number of coils per phase. When you were talking about needing a hall effect sensor, I realized you could deactivate one phase and measure voltage on that phase - but then you mentioned using the inactive phase because there's always one that's not driven. Super clever. There are only two things I may have missed or you didn't address them: the waveform (PWM, simulated sine, or simply square - which is what you're doing), and the other is timing: the ATmega328 does not have reliable timing because of its factory default interrupts. I believe people can get much faster execution and much more reliable timing by programming them in assembly. This probably doesn't matter since you're relying on an interrupt for your timing anyway - so the measurement from the motor is your clock in a way.

[@3deeguy]

I was encouraged to see that you used a dual trace scope. I wanted to build my own esc but my motors are delta wound and I couldn't figure out how to detect the zero crossing point with my dual trace scope. I think I'll buy a wye motor and compare a phase with the neutral point as you did.

[@jonibeYT]

When running the motor there will always be one phase that is inactive during each step, thats the same for y and delta. Since the inactive coil will move along the permanentmagnets there will be a voltage induced, which can be measured. The point youre looking for is the moment when this induced voltage changes its sign (crosses zero).

[@3deeguy]

@@jonibeYT _"...thats the same for y and delta."_ I started thinking about that. It makes perfect sense. With the delta motor only one coil is energized at a time. I'm going to run some tests with that in mind. I'm just a hobbyist. The problem for me is I have three hobbies, electronics, programming and animation. If I run into a wall, sometimes I will switch to a different hobby and stay zoned in for months at a time. As a result I lose focus on my other hobbies.

[@guillaumef2293]

Super, c'est très intéressant ces explications,et c'est très sympa de voir le cheminement pour en arriver au produit fini.!

[@berver4880]

You are the king!👑I didn't know you can use motor's coil for position sensing.

[@martinversnjak5503]

Yeahh me too!

[@marcus_w0]

This was an exceptional good video precisely about what I was searching for. Thank you good sir!

[@antronx7]

Now add PWM, current limiting and smooth start and you got a usable brushless motor controller. Probably better to move to STM32 micro with many needed hardware peripherals already built in.

[@anibalvilelarj]

Congratulations! Your video is the best tutorial about the ESC for BLDC motors. Finally, I could understand how does work the BLDC with back EMF control. Thank you, a lot. The Arduino code is very optimized for speed, otherwise it would not usefull for this kind of motor control. Your hardware considerations about the use of the Atmega328's internal analog comparator was great, as well as the Interrupt. Did you finished the PCB design? Do you think or plan to sell or share it? I would like to get it. Did you test your maximum speed acquired, at despite for your purpose you don't need very high speed, I think.

[@alimohammadi7318]

peace be upon you Thank you for sharing the brushless motor driver code, thank you very much❤🌺🙏

[@amrrasslan4329]

amazing channel canot wait for part2

[@mobinmortazavi83]

Great video , your voice was super clear , thanks

[@BenjaminMarshallScienceMan]

You say that a "Y" configuration produces more torque, but the more appropriate thing to say is that it produces more torque at a given current. Assuming each phase is 1 ohm and we're powering the motor with 10V, at zero RPM the "Y" configuration will draw a maximum of 6.66A, while the delta will draw a maximum of 20A. At these respective currents though, the "Y" motor produces %66 of the torque of the Delta motor while only drawing %33 as much current. My example and numbers assume that the all three half-bridges are either 'pushing' or 'pulling' at all times instead of only two at a time like yours, but the numbers are similar either way. If we leave one half bridge turned off, at zero RPM the Delta draws 10A, and the "Y" draws 5A but produces the same torque as the Delta. Due to the increased inductance per phase of the "Y" type though, it will have a higher impedence at a given RPM, so you were right in saying that Delta is faster. The way I prefer to think about it is that "Y" configurations are good when current is the limiting factor, and Delta configurations are good when voltage is the limiting factor. Fantastic video though! I love your channel. EDIT: I see you're using the IR2101. I was designing an ESC with those aswell, but I recently discovered the IRS2184. Just like the IR2101 it supports bootstrapping, but it also lets you switch from HIGH to LOW with a single input pin, and has a built in 400ns dead-time so your high side and low side MOSFETs dont transconduct. It also has a turn-off pin so that you can easily throttle your motor with a PWM signal generated by your Arduino.

[@Dipplers]

If you made this as a product, I would definitely buy it

[@hamesparde9888]

This is pretty cool. It's a lot simpler then I would have thought it would be. I mean the feedback stuff is a bit complicated. But it was simple before that 😂

[@conorstewart2214]

It is good as a homemade esc but it is nothing compared to commercial escs, like blheli32 escs, they have a lot more functions, like low voltage cut off, stuff to help with starting large motors, braking, configurable acceleration rates an using PWM to emulate a sine wave, just to name a few of the advanced functions.

[@ziadseifelnasr1941]

I can't express how much this helped me you did AMAZING! Thank you so much! I have a 48V 20 Ah battery and a 750W sensorless BLDC and I was wondering what resistor values I should use for the back emf signals?

[@MarcelNKemet]

When you know your stuff you able to explain it even to babies. Great video.

[@beolion2653]

Now the question remains when he is going to build a Nuclear Sub

[@klausbrinck2137]

1:53 I´ve read, that holding the ends of a resistor at the 2 points you about to connect, before establishing the actual connection, is beneficial in limiting inrush-current, that can wear out components... A soft-start. The resistor can then be removed.

[@HasanProd]

better to use an ntc in that case

[@multiman9490]

Very super description and explanation! Thank you very much! Tell me, is there or will there be a continuation of the video?

[@dfunited1]

This really planted an idea in my head. Could the Atmega and logic be replaced with another BLDC motor used as an input. Hand crank (or pedals in my head) drives a motor to a set of MOSFET drivers to the output motor. Keep the whole thing AC. Manual Speed Controller?

[@nnamrehck]

Excellent video!

[@gmplascencia]

Great Video! Thank you for sharing! God Bless you!

[@aSpyIntheHaus]

I still have the scars across my fingers 3 years after breaking the golden rule of "No Props in the shop" and having a unbalanced motor break free of its mount and bite me. I'd highly recommend considering it. :)

[@spiworkshop9416]

Great Job and analysis.

[@svenyoda1309]

Great job, keep up the good work!!! Greetings Sven

[@VIJAYzk]

01:35 isnt delta configuration the one that provide more torque?

[@joshuavincent7884]

nice to see a demo using back EMF instead of an encoder

[@robsonrbj2907]

congratulations great video!!

[@jeffro.]

I want my OWN submarine! Can i use yours sometime? Hmmm? This looks like much fun! I can't dive any more due to eustachian tube spasms in one ear, so this looks like next best thing. Maybe better! Def better. 👍 👌

[@onixtecnologia]

Thank you very much for sharing your project and knowledge. I really liked this ESC. You said you would make an ESC for 40A in the next video, but I couldn't find the video, have you already done it? (I need an ESC for a higher power motor, I think about 40A is enough..)

[@nistax2880]

Bro is the next micro reps

[@ninetailscosmicfox5585]

I'm looking to make my own mixed signal ESC for some DIY quadcopters and I want to use analog computing for the inner control loop. The idea is that sensors provide analog signals while the computer can control it either through sequential logic or a DAC. After computation the net output is fed into a voltage controlled oscillator running an endless loop shift resister which selects the BJT/FETs needed. The idea is that all of this takes place at the rotor so that each rotor has it's own inner control loop with mixed signal state mechanics.

[@jeffro.]

Sounds complicated. I guess the idea is you WANT complicated!

[@ninetailscosmicfox5585]

Well the tradeofff is simplicity for better inner loop response latency.

[@ninetailscosmicfox5585]

Great now I’ve started my day thinking about detecting runaway effects and oscillatory feedback

[@gmplascencia]

Great Job!! Thank you for Sharing!

[@thesebi]

Very informative video 👍 How did you modify the BLDCs for saltwater?

[@onixtecnologia]

Thank you very much for sharing your knowledge. Could you please help me by changing the code, replacing the speed control instead of the keys with a potentiometer?

[@JoJoNumbarOne]

Very good video. It deserves more views

[@altabanff]

good explanation, thanks

[@igor_tomljanovic]

Love your channel.. great content!! 👌

[@standardbassbox]

Very nice all bord

[@mitchellquinn]

Some nice work there! I'm curious about (more than) one thing ... how did you diagnose that the voltage spike was resetting the AT-mega?

[@hocvan9802]

Can you tell me what I don't understand at 7:17 minutes? What is the purpose of the three resistors connected to the ground?

[@TRB4571]

Your mike is very noisy witch is sad because your content is very good.

[@abdillidab2993]

Correct me if I am wrong but the feedback lines are connected to the Y point of the motor windings.Therefore, D7, c2 and c3 see exactly the same input.

[@ericwil76]

Would have been nice to show how to calculate the network resistor values for the processor?

[@bill123f2]

If you want to handle huge voltage you can run the esc at 5volt and the it triger the MOSFETs with the cooler that are connected to the huge voltage

[@tvishmaychoudhary69]

Soon you will be recognised

[@mevluthanmillidere3755]

congratulations bro...

[@murraymadness4674]

Well done video, concise. But what is interesting to me is you are putting that motor in the water like that? Or did I miss your cover on them? Why wouldn't you have motor inside and shaft to outside. Cooling them with the water?? Any particulates that gets inside can jam the rotor.

[@notheoryplease]

This was amazing!!!

[@WalidIssaPlusE]

Super great. can you provide also the motor 3D printed frame ?

[@nikolaiphilipenko9210]

Hey Hyperspace, could you give me a quick explanation on what the MUR120G diodes are for? Or are they simply flyback diodes? in which case why is the low side one needed?

[@slahos]

flawless

[@RixtronixLAB]

Nice info, thanks :)

[@Radix_P]

Have you tried using VESC?

[@arhaankhann8738]

The MOST IMPORTANT Question. Can you please let me know how did you wire slide switch for reverse forward function? Your Answer wii be Appreciated 👍 👍

[@sabinbaral4132]

Subscribed sir very good content thanks!

[@rainbows99]

Are the motors not sealed?

[@pdj-ig7xh]

good course

[@LochanKutz]

Can I please know what would be the process in case my motor had hall effect sensors.

[@prerupa]

3:55 What if we use these switching instead ? I realized. I see in the video the sequence on/off of the switches is this: s1: 110000 s2: 000011 s3: 001100 s4: 000110 s5: 011000 s6: 100001 But wouldn't it be better if it looks like this? s1: 111000000011 s2: 001111100000 s3: 000000111110 s4: 000011111000 s5: 100000001111 s6: 111110000000

[@ahmedabdellatif2720]

Can you share the final code with the option of the reverse switch?

[@powerbuoy]

Very nice!

[@Dancopymus]

Greetings Hyperspace Pirate. First of all thank you for sharing your project. I have three questions: 1) This circuit of yours for brushless motors, is it necessary to give a push to the motor to start it, like many circuits given on the internet? 2) It serves for HD and CD ROM motors with 3 and 4 wires? 3) Can Arduino Nano be used? Thanks a lot.

[@davidpanetta5492]

Have you tried a toroidal prop on the sub?

[@motovor4un]

Hello! Say please, what is parallel double power resistors? 5:54 Thanks.

[@wes89]

Are you the same guy from inherent machining??

[@FrozenPieces909]

Negative ghost rider how are you shorting the drain with 12v over its threshold? And the atmeg as well where's your second source or voltage drops for that? Also why connect source to ground an the datasheet says not to go over certain parameters or else the mosfets were destroyed themselves? Can you show all details if not explain it with out skipping the important steps please and thank you

[@surajitbera2094]

you are not connect to every IC ir2101 pin no 6 with Phase A, B, C respectively. Is it correct ?

[@HyperspacePirate]

Yeah, sorry, that's an error in my schematic. V_s on each IR2101 is connected to the respective phase its driving

[@bvanderveen]

@@HyperspacePirate Was puzzling over this one a bit (V_s connection to driven phase missing in the schematic), glad a scrolled through and saw this comment. Thanks for this video, I am finally getting my feet wet with MOSFETs and drivers thanks in no small part to this. Cheers!

[@sylaswojciechowski2584]

Hi, how did you determine the resistance values of the new back emf voltage divide resistors?

[@justacoffeemakerjr.9813]

yes thanks.. if it's a free source atmega328 bike controller for everyone, well the part, pcb and code awaited

[@emresanalacak9844]

First of all, congratulations, how many amps can it deliver continuously?

[@hamzahansari6900]

I do understand a major part of this but not all and not properly (I'm currently in 2nd year of my electrical engineering) Can you guide me as to what will I have to do if I wanted it to work with 48v and around 150amps. Also, can you upload the circuit diagram too. It'll be very helpful.

[@jeffro.]

Wow. I understand every bit of it, I've designed my own circuits to do all kinds of stuff... but I've never had ANY engineering classes. Not one. I'm completely self taught, I just figured it out, by reasoning though it. Where i learned? By reading data books published by the IC manufacturers, of course. You'll find a treasure trove of great info in there! Everyone should do it, if you want to learn. Some of the best ones are "App notes," AKA application notes. Those have theory, explanations, reasoning (strategies, etc), everything you'd want. You can usually download them for free.

[@tohidrezazadeh795]

hi, very nice.thanks

[@Bbqchcichenman]

Did you try vesc at all? Also the video has a fair amount of white noise in the background, jus so you know

[@chang2455]

Hey, I’ve been trying to build one for sometime. I didn’t get IR2101 at first so I used the bootstrap circuit to build a hbridge but it didn’t work, and then I tried driving only the high side with your circuit by connecting one driver burned my raspberry pi pico and switched to stm8. Is there any references of not using the bootstrap circuitry as the data sheet recommends? 10:37

[@MrHerhor67]

Waaait, doesn't delta have higher power (and thus torque) than star? And RPM is controlled by the switching speed anyway?

[@denilpt1999]

Iam having some douts bro Is it possible to upgrade 30a esc to much higher ampere by. Addiing parallel mosfets. (Same voltage range) What are the issiues of this idea

[@swedensy]

All water circulation pumps in EU use similar circuit. Pumps like Wilo. I need driver board pcb. I can't find any information on those pump corcuits

[@kayakMike1000]

I wonder if we could make the raspi Pico mcu run the pattern described in the programmable gpio "bit banger" peripheral thingy.

[@Stm-or9py]

hello my friend. Can you share the final version of the circuit diagram and software? I'm thinking of using it in electric car control. I don't want to buy ready made motor driver. :)

[@robertobryk4989]

The feedback signal lines on the full diagram are connected to the wrong ends of the windings.

[@shamancredible8632]

I'm not saying DIY submarines can't be done, but if it implodes I'm going to laugh

[@lucgauthier3201]

Do you have an web site to provide all the details to build this controler?

[@aniruddhagaikwad7010]

Is it necessary to turn off motor supply before changing direction? If so how exactly have you switched off the motor?

[@mkr32]

Thanks do you have any videos bldc esc with sensors

[@analoghardwaretops3976]

Motorola/ OnSemi has MC 33033 & 33035 available in different packages.. available since 1980's..besides other manufacturers.. (Unitriode) now taken by T.I. also have their own.

[@kamuranpeker132]

I tried to make a similar circuit, but I could not get the result I wanted from the IR2101. I'm in trouble with the seventh pin. Even if I apply PWM to the Hin input with the second pin, it produces a constant 7 volt output (seventh pin Ho), which causes the mosfet on the H side to remain open all the time. Do you think the diode is causing this situation?

[@HyperspacePirate]

Can you email me a picture / schematic of how you wired your circuit?

[@salmanusman9869]

Nice motor sound, but b4 you go to Atlantic ossion try enter your code and fine the active of pin7(PD7) of your circuit !!!?