Rayleigh v Rician Fading: Which is better?

Explains why there is often confusion about the comparison between Rayleigh fading and Rician fading in wireless and mobile digital communication systems.
More details can be found in the research paper: McKay and Collings, "Capacity Bounds for Correlated Rician MIMO
Channels", in the Proc. of the IEEE Int. Conf. on Communications (ICC), Communication Theory Symposium, Seoul, Korea, pp. 772-776, May 2005.
Related videos: (see: iaincollings.com)
• What is Rayleigh Fading? • What is Rayleigh Fading?
• What is Rician Fading? • What is Rician Fading?
• What is Nakagami Fading? • What is Nakagami Fading?
• What are Flat Fading and Frequency Selective Fading? • What are Flat Fading a...
• What are Fast Fading and Slow Fading? • What are Fast Fading a...
• What is a probability density function (p.d.f.)? • What is a Probability ...
• What is a Matched Filter? • What is a Matched Filter?
Full categorised list of videos with pdf Summary Sheets: iaincollings.com
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[@chilukurikch]

Wonderful explanation, the best I have ever seen on channel fading models.

[@iain_explains]

I'm so happy to hear that. Glad you liked it!

[@cngz9547]

Just, pure and easy to understand.

[@iain_explains]

I'm glad you liked it.

[@yanjunmeng6431]

Dear prof. your explaination is so good. Is there any videos of antennas available? thank you so much

[@iain_explains]

I don't have videos on antenna design yet (it's in my future plans), but I do have videos on the signal processing with multiple antennas, eg. MIMO, Beamforming, ... You can find a listing of all my videos at: iaincollings.com

[@rameshbabu2704]

Great Video Sir! But I'm surprised only 100 people liked it when 4.3K people have already benefitted from it . Guys please give Thumbs Up to good content like this so its visibility increases and could be found by people looking for such content.

[@iain_explains]

Thanks for your support. I'm glad you liked the video.

[@malini50]

Hi...another interesting video. Thank you! can you please suggest few books of digital communications, which will be helpful for reference?

[@iain_explains]

My favourite textbook in digital communications is: J.G. Proakis, “Digital Communications”

[@malini50]

@@iain_explains Thank you! your videos are literally saving my job...

[@iain_explains]

I'm so glad to hear that you're finding the videos helpful.

[@bobbaberson3654]

Hi Iain, how about a video on Geometric channel models, e.g., sv? ;)

[@iain_explains]

What do you mean "sv"?

[@bobbaberson3654]

@@iain_explains Saleh-Venezuela (SV) models

[@sajalbarsainya7037]

I'm from India sir..and final year student of electronics and communication engineering in India..I would suggest you to solve and upload the questions of GATE examination which is technical exam of India for technical students these questions are of very good level and teaches the beauty of concepts..your explanation is very good sir.. thank you

[@iain_explains]

Thanks for the suggestion. I'll look into it.

[@maazawan7629]

So if i understand correctly, rician fading still offers increase in channel capacity despite a strong LoS availability between Tx and Rx, we just need to chose a and b intelligently. So for typical use case in which the transmitter is moving and the receiver is stationary, how can we design the balance of a and b such that the capacity enhancement can be achieved? how to control a and b in a real time mobile transmitter scenario?

[@iain_explains]

You don't get a chance to "design" a and b. Nature sets them for you, based on the scattering environment. And I'm not sure you've understood the point I was trying to make, about the scaling. You say "rician fading still offers increase in channel capacity despite a strong LoS availability", but it's not "despite" a strong LoS, it's _because_ of the strong LoS. If you can receive more energy at the receiver, you will be able to do a better job of detecting the signal/data, and you'll have a higher capacity.

[@maazawan7629]

@@iain_explains understood sir...i have watched almost all your videos on digital communication and modulation now...and I followed you on LinkedIn

[@nelebauer7864]

Thanks, but what the reason to have model A if only model B is reasonable? It actually yields the opposite.

[@tuongnguyen9391]

I also have the same question, it seems that model A is quite misleading

[@iain_explains]

When comparing different communication modulation schemes, it is common to look at the performance with respect to the receive SNR. In doing this, the "channel gain" is often normalised to unity. This motivates the use of Model A. However, it hides the reality of the channel characteristics, and is not (in my view) the relevant metric when considering/comparing different types of channels (where I would suggest Model B is more appropriate).

[@tuongnguyen9391]

@@iain_explains This is really fascinating but I feel that I do not understand the subtlety details thoroughly. Anyway thank you so much for leaving the name of the relevant paper/book in the video description for us to read. I have a habit of watching your video and reading the reference together to have a feel of the subject. Could you kindly make a video about using model A to compare between different modulation schemes ?

[@ebeb9156]

But isnt there will be a problem with channel estimation due to LOS? Another issue is the more LOS you got the more columns are identical and hence channel matrix will be less invertible(or precicely will have bigger entries). Moreover, even if there will not be problem with channel estimate, your pseudo-inverse channel matrix may add 10s of dB gain to noise during eqalization. So this gain of capacity due to increased K can be also tricky. I want to ask: is 5G spec talk what model of K normalization should be used? 38.901 section 776 talk only about k=a^2/b . Logicly will be to use model A otherwise with K increase i need to manipulate SNR to compare "apples to apples". Which is SNR = 1/(No*K)? Increase noise power knowing you will get "K" power more then you should? Sorry, I am just overwhelmed ... i thought recian literlly kill multipath by fading itself on top of it, the fact is you its harder to send multi layer transmission with LOS in MATLAB simulation. But when you check transmitter and reciever in the box condition in real life, sudenly you got 4 layer in MiMO4x4.

[@iain_explains]

Sorry, I don't have all the answers with regards to the specifics of the 5G standard in this aspect, but from a fundamental perspective this video might help: "Why doesn't MIMO work in Line-of-Sight (LoS) Channel Conditions?" kzbin.info/www/bejne/rqLQlYKOnb9lepY