Рет қаралды 59,951
The final secondary rites of the dead are the most complex of all. This rites called the Gawai Antu, constitute major memorialization rituals and are ideally performed by the longhouse. The Gawai Antu feasts the dead and completes their final transformation into spirits (Merantu). This transformation is effected primarily by erecting, at the conclusion of the Gawai, tomb huts(sungkup) over the grave of the dead. These elaborately carved huts are made of ironwood and are equipped with miniature furnishings and garong basket, the latter symbolizing the personal achievements of each individual dead. In the Otherworld these huts represent full-sized longhouse or in totality the part of a single longhouse. The Gawai Antu thus establishes the dead in a longhouse of their own, thereby providing them with the means for a self-sufficient existence independent of the world of the living.
At its beginning and end then the main rites of Gawai Antu are bracketed by major stages of ritual house building. The Gawai Antu open with the gawai beban ramu, the ritual fashioning (ban) of construction materials (ramu). This is followed by ngeretok, the preparation of the part of the sungkup huts, which are then carried from the forest and assembled by each family for temporary display on its tanju. Finally, immediately following the main Gawai rituals, the sungkup are removed from the longhouse and carried to the cemetery where they reassembled, away from the longhouse over the graves of the dead.