If Earth had Rings

Artifexian on the topic of terrestrial ring systems. Could an earth-like planet have rings and if so what effect would the rings have on a culture.
Enjoy!
-----
► DISCUSS THIS EPISODE ON REDDIT: goo.gl/2RvTLr
-----
WATCH MORE:
► Stars : goo.gl/DTefZk
► Galaxies : goo.gl/y1d4zn
► Planetary Systems : goo.gl/jQy3o2
► Planets : goo.gl/KWhpYd
► Orbits : goo.gl/hhqZ7z
► Languages : goo.gl/KUng4y
-----
ARTIFEXIAN ON THE INTERWEB:
► KZbin: / artifexian
► Facebook: / artifexian
► Twitter: / artifexian
► Podcast: www.artifexian....
► Reddit: / artifexian
-----
EQUATIONS:
► Roche Limit (fluid): 2.44 X R x ( Pp / Ps)^(1/3)
R = Radius of the Primary
Pp = Density of the Primary
Ps = Density of the Secondary
-----
LINKS:
► Joseph Shoer - Quantum Rocketry: goo.gl/ZCdkkx
► Quantum Rocketry 2: goo.gl/NI0d73
► Bad Astronomy: goo.gl/lMxjDg
► io9: goo.gl/qGlBqd
► Gizmodo: goo.gl/KrqmXM
► Astronomy Cast: goo.gl/9BFTg1
► The Rings of Earth: goo.gl/YsBDT6
► Why Doesn't the Earth have Rings: goo.gl/qxKn1y
-----
CREDITS:
Music:
"Unwritten Return" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0
creativecommons...
Images:
Joseph Shoer, Quantum Rocketry: goo.gl/OZvzp9
Artowkr by Ron Miller used with permission (5:29, 5:31, 5:41, 7:03 ) : goo.gl/LWlDgt
-----
Thanks you all so much for watching…Edgar out!

[@kevincanavan2440]

Thanks, I'm writing about a fantasy world with a ring system and this was exactly what I was looking for

[@huanpalyama9350]

Same here

[@YYHoe]

Yep, me too. In fact, I made multiple ringed habitable planets. Here are their names: Gargant, Tundrayaal, Okko, Geante, Natun, Okul, Ydri, Zirn, Ilazu, Hyron, Bliz, Wita, Arthe, Psi Vulcanis b, Zivna, Zivniq and Tuke. Every single one of them is in a different star system.

[@anthonyporche8110]

I'm doing something similar myself! I've been hearing about ice or rock rings on this topic but what about crystal rings? I'm asking this because it actually has to do with the mythology in my stories and I figured that crystals wouldn't be impossible in space debris. Anyone got an idea on how that would work? UPDATE: Anyone got anything to say on this? I just don't want to think I've made a bad idea.

[@erutanevoli]

Good luck! Hope we'll be able to read your book soon 😄

[@P0l1ux]

I’m making a book that takes place in several places in the Orion Arm and I designed a ring planet with a red appearance that lives in a binary star system giving it extra oxygen so that the fauna and flora double in variety. The planet is also a bit smaller than Earth (0.92 earths) so larger creatures can grow on the planet.

[@joescott]

This is really cool. I've often thought about how much different human culture and religions would be if the Earth had rings. I mean, just look at all the symbolism the ancients placed on the stars and constellations, imagine what they'd come up with for rings. It's an interesting thought experiment. Good video!

[@indigo8130]

Hold on a second, another youtuber I watch is here, that was unexpected

[@Ken-fh4jc]

I like your video on this better Joe

[@stinkybutt02able]

Apparently earth is ugly and no one wants to put a ring on it.

[@jichaelmordan3858]

Kimberlyn McMurray roasted

[@maisyhernandez9755]

IF YA LIKE IT THEN YOU SHOULDA PUT A RING ON IT

[@hendrawan7009]

He was too busy to let humans, animals and plants live first, so....don't slip your chance dude

[@mkspidey]

Kimberlyn McMurray you are a blessed person

[@AverageFurryMetalhead]

Kimberlyn McMurray XD

[@konebrofist5100]

I feel like a fucking genius watching this...

[@neeraj33negi]

Kone brofist knowledge is power

[@speed0291]

knowledge to build a lamborghini xD

[@kiwi.3047]

The Golden Core gameming

[@dndalee]

Kone brofist same lol

[@MisterKazePresents]

true

[@GoonaTVhi]

lets all admit, it would be pretty damn cool

[@missilluminated1]

mmmmmmm Nah

[@emperorpalpatine2957]

Cool? Yes but it would be one of the worst problems of a developing civilization could have that is if they bother investing in astronomy

[@ppthroat]

no I don’t wanna admit it it would be bad

[@CitruZ.]

@@emperorpalpatine2957 it wouldnt really be bad cause they would be on equator and second, it would be easier to identify where we are, like a location method better than the stars, if were closer to the equator the rings would be a thin layer on the sky, or if youre on south or north, you would be able to see a thicc layer on the sky of pure nature

[@emperorpalpatine2957]

@@CitruZ. Sure we could survive but what I mean by a developing species is space travel specifically. That's when this attraction becomes a huge hindrance. Rogue material from the ring would likely smash anything we launch into orbit. However this could entice us to take a better look at our progression into space if we don't get demotivated by all our destroyed satellites and stations we could really be decently far ahead in our technology but I wouldn't go so far as to say we have permanent colonies on things like the moon yet.

[@sicfxmusic]

Bible would have few extra pages explaining how god created rings in 3 days

[@juliojonesjetjones11hunnit91]

Carl CIFER considering the font of the bible and that it would only be an extra sentence, nothing would change

[@beppertrash3615]

Carl CIFER Wait what chapter and verse?

[@meta872]

Carl CIFER lol bible is bullshit

[@fernandothedoomswordjimene2727]

Meta Meta O- Great Shut your mouth

[@meta872]

Fernando The Doom Sword Jimenez Bible is fake asf

[@proxy1035]

6:17 why is there CGP Grey's Symbol coming up in the moon?

[@jolaslepko2995]

Get the jo-- I don't know whg

[@Artifexian]

Hey, everyone. A kind redditor took some pics inside Space Engine based on the parameters covered in this video. Check them out. Very cool stuff. ►Earth Rings from Mare Orientale: i.imgur.com/vJmJHqv.jpg ►From Geo Stationary Orbit: i.imgur.com/EaHi4jC.jpg ►Moonset over the Atlantic as seen from the Straits of Gibraltar: i.imgur.com/QsEEWN0.jpg It's worth noting that he had no control over the procedurally generated gaps in the rings. Enjoy!

[@notoriouswhitemoth]

+Artifexian Ancient traditions teach that the spirits of the dead join their ancestors in the Great Arc. The ancestors gave them the gift of wisdom from the gods through the Great Arc, allowing them to develop calculus in their early history, industrialize within about a decade, and develop interstellar travel within a few generations. Isn't it wonderful how one brief discussion of what Earth might be like under slightly different conditions can snowball into building entire alien cultures?

[@nelsonsnow75]

well what if the moon formed too close and formed those rings? Also, how does then sun and moon affect the rings? The rings aren't inside their rosche limit except maybe the moon. And for satellites, put em on the ring!

[@nelsonsnow75]

well what if the moon formed too close and formed those rings? Also, how does then sun and moon affect the rings? The rings aren't inside their rosche limit except maybe the moon. And for satellites, put em on the ring!

[@jfof9707]

+Artifexian 6:16 CGP GREY MOON!

[@lazyasriel2065]

+Artifexian They can't be organic :p

[@trashcan2743]

imagine waking up looking outside seeing rings in the damn sky....

[@sizarix]

Earth also had a ring long ago, but the ring debris mushed together and formed the moon (in theory)

[@depressedboi438]

Da Beast nice!

[@mrpickle1017]

Da Beast that's a good theory

[@rainasingh5262]

hmmmmmmmmmmmmm might explain craters?

[@pastel3232]

Da Beast nice

[@sabsanchezzz]

Raina Singh craters were made by astroids and meteorites hitting the moons surface :[

[@thorlighting3558]

school teaches you 2+2=4 but gives a problem like this 😓😑😐WTF

[@arianamarques2226]

Thor Lighting i like that one

[@ElfyTheGamingElf]

2 +2 ==== God dammit I don't need school IM IN AFICRA ;-; help meh

[@arianamarques2226]

ElfyThe GamingElf , where is aficra?

[@lee177swgoh]

ariana marques Nowhere

[@ladyalmaixztelliatheslayer2390]

+ElfyThe GamingElf Yes because I never went to school -_- I live in South Africa and have never set foot outside it's borders. One of the first universities were actually built in Africa (albeit then referring to the African province [Northern Africa] or Egypt (as a separate thing).

[@cyndie26]

6:32 Summers in Alaska can be as low as -40 degrees (F and C) and I think that one factor to human survival in extreme temperatures could be the thickness of the clothing, i.e. people would probably wear parkas, etc. during Alaskan winters.

[@I-am-Hrut]

You can have a world that has such a high obliquity that the shadows cast by the rings (orbiting at the frozen equator) never pass onto the surface of the planet, giving you a habitable polar region without the seriously harsh winters. maybe the effect isn't that great though? On the other hand, since high obliquity worlds tend to have already highly variable seasons, you could craft a ring system that orbits in such a way that the blisteringly hot seasonal effects of summer are tempered by the cooling effect of the rings. the rings would have to orbit a few degrees off the poles and they would drift towards the equator with time, but they could exist this way (maybe for a few hundred thousand, maybe even a few million years if the planet has an earthlike spin and they could last longer if the planet has a slower spin. maybe your story starts a few years after an asteroid entered your world's roach limit, showering the planet with crazy meteor showers and coating the world in iron-rich meteors? I'm not sure how long rings take to form. In Saturn's case, it had a stable satellite system and a smaller ring system about 100 mya, according to Google. But the orbital overlap of its moons caused collisions that may have formed the current rings. so set this as your upper limit on ring formation and take a guess.

[@martinboylan1503]

Spotting exo planets would be a massive pain in the ass.

[@ej28]

Martin Boylan Kepler is outside earth orbit. But maybe Hubble would have trouble.

[@iaizc5781]

Anyone else see the CGPGrey logo at 6:15?

[@noeladoe]

Yes!

[@CollinBuckman]

+Iaiz C CGPGrey owns the moon!

[@JHJHJH]

Why is it there?

[@Sadikboi]

Iaiz C yeah

[@Mainer207]

I did

[@ktmal1681]

The ending (stargate) just made my day....thank you so much!!!!! And as always... another great and extremely helpful video!

[@spacepod9178]

Hey, I saw that CGP Grey logo at 6:14. What are you hiding?

[@anwelda4468]

+SpacePod9 Haha true!

[@meeDamian]

Did he just say "We're balls deep at this stage"? O_o

[@Artifexian]

+Damian Mee He did!

[@initialb5009]

+Artifexian I laughed, a lot , probably as I'm irish too

[@stratussol2475]

These videos are incredibly helpful when playing Universe Sandbox and trying to create realistic solar systems.

[@enkiimuto1041]

Loved the video. I wish you could have put some scale into it, though. The distance of the moon in comparison to the rings, and the distance of the space station (that flies way closer than most satellites, as far as I know). I don't think artificial satellites would be an issue, like the video said, astronomy would be way more advanced by now, by the way.

[@Artifexian]

+Enkii Muto Some good criticisms there. The video probably would have been better with more scale work. Will bare that in mind next time I do something like this. The orbit of the IS is technically within our atmosphere. IIRC its orbit decays by about 2 km per month due to atmospheric drag. Which is kinda mind bendy to think about. Ah, yes, naked eye astronomy perhaps...but maybe when it comes to upgrading to aided astronomy problems would begin to set in. Ground based astronomy is already difficult enough when the moon is out in full. Add in an ever present ring system and there would definitely be complications. I think the need to get satellites into orbit would be even more pressing on a ringed planet. But again it's all just rampant speculation.

[@enkiimuto1041]

Artifexian Thank you for answering to my comment =) I'm aware of it being basically in our atmosphere, which is why I think it would rise questions of where the rings would begin, and how humans could possibly us less satellites and invest in efficiency to work before they find the rings. Anyway, I do hope to see one day an episode of double planets, especially when we receive more info from New Horizon's mission. And well, scale would be a key factor there. Thank you for the attention ^^ True, haven't considered that. By the way, do you think humans would use the rings as a tool for astronomy besides the ones in the video? First thing that game into my mind is that their orbit and spokes would offer measures for GPS calculations, and while probably not the best method, this is something they would try. Also, Saturn is big, I was waiting for you to mention how fragile they would be for an earth-sized planet regardless of the moon, like the effect of annual meteor showers would have on them. But this is just asking too much XD Anyway, good work as always, keep the good job.

[@Artifexian]

+Enkii Muto Well, tracking the shadow of the earth on the rings relative to the stars would make for a super accurate night time clock. Just to throw that out there. Not GPS but still a cool point. Hmm...I should have talked about meteors. Didn't cross my mind at all... Alas, I am but one dude.

[@enkiimuto1041]

Artifexian An awesome one dude XD Relax.

[@KingMagenta]

Should've had a Banana to scale

[@dragonotter1178]

Well if you like it put a ring on it...

[@golden_smaug]

This video got me hooked very quickly, such a marvelous thing to imagine

[@BillyCistra]

Man I would watch anything just because your voice and accent make it sound 1000x more interesting.

[@Ryu1478Alternative]

I remember watching this video when I was 7, ignoring the voices and those maths and focused on the images lol

[@megasbaladoros]

How small would the ring particles be? Like 9 meters, pebbles, breadcrumbs, dust...

[@megasbaladoros]

I googled Saturn's ring. Its particles are "from centimeters to about 10 m". But they are made of water so I guess that this tells us nothing about Earth's silicate ring.

[@Hodoss]

Earth had a ring. It turned into the Moon.

[@spanghzcom6602]

lol

[@Hodoss]

Team awesome fist I'm serious!

[@spanghzcom6602]

Hodoss I know lol

[@PainfulHail134]

how

[@spanghzcom6602]

PainfulHail13 4​ I know but I'm not telling unless

[@MrRyanroberson1]

every time I see the intro I more and more see artifexian written in those slashes and circles

[@stockz8891]

MATH........ I don't know this shit...

[@chandlercampbell3356]

you're a pretty good artist...

[@Artifexian]

+Chandler Campbell Cheers, buddy. Glad you like my little blobby aliens and cartoon planets :)

[@peterjamieson5588]

My new favourite uploader. Love it pal

[@mikaoleander]

alright, you convinced me, my d&d world will have rings

[@toranggurning1346]

im going to make my own rings :D

[@cronchy4580]

MARS good luck tryin

[@toranggurning1346]

***** nope,he wont

[@extendedpp5107]

Maybe convince Ceres to come and get crushed in your gravity?

[@sedna4070]

Me too!

[@toranggurning1346]

Sedna nope i will do it first

[@stoob_9936]

Earth does have rings,but we can not see the rings

[@alilcritter]

I have a question, are they invisible in space? Or are they Visible?

[@stoob_9936]

+Mark Brickowski they are not visible to our eyes but they are there because when the moon was being created after the impact of Earth and Emphis the debris created the moon but some of the debris did not get in the moon's gravity to get the moon bigger.That is also why the Earth is not round,but egg-like

[@alilcritter]

+Stanley vs Lily thx

[@damondisepio8259]

Stanley vs Lily thats space junk

[@bg1052]

@@stoob_9936 you are miss informed. There would be soo little left over it wouldn't form a ring. Plus the moon would have thrown it all out at it was extremely close to earth when it was formed. We'd also detect them, we're able to detect Jupiter's rings and it's millions of miles away.

[@hazelnutspred3348]

That would be so cool to see rings around this planet

[@ProfessorJayTee]

8 years later, some scientists now think Earth HAD rings at one point! kzbin.info/www/bejne/bYW7fXqiZa5rrKM

[@TheSpiroGam3R]

Uranus has rings lol

[@eyeballpapercut4400]

@AmirDeGamer7 TDS r/woooosh and why the fuck reply a 2 year old comment

[@spawnofsatan2121]

When you started explaining with math.... you kinda lost me 😂. TBH I'm just sitting here like, "huh... density, radius, earth with rocks. Seems pretty cool"

[@dellamantle355]

I found my space obsessed 4 and 6 year olds watching this video on KZbin kids, it was so interesting I stopped what I was doing and sat and watched with them. Good job! Had to laugh when you said 'balls deep', let's hope they don't pick up that phrase!

[@0ctalpus]

love these astrolog- err astronomy vids

[@savyers]

CPG GREY!

[@StuffAndThingss]

also seen that.

[@Artifexian]

+savyers What? Where? :P

[@StuffAndThingss]

+Artifexian Moon ;)

[@Artifexian]

+StuffAndThingss Ah, I see it now. Thanks, now that I'm in on the joke I feel all cool n stuff. :P

[@AboodGtaAbood]

hi

[@AntonSlavik]

Hilarious and insightful. But how long would it take for us to "devour" those things for industrial processing?

[@macronencer]

At 8:00 what's the tool you're using to look at the satellites please?

[@pufthemajicdragon]

This needs a follow-up video: What would it take to make a human-life-supporting Earth-like world with rings? How much hotter/brighter would the sun have to be to warm the Earth enough to support life? Would it be a bluer sun? A redder sun? What if the Earth were 1.1 or 1.2x more massive with a consequentially larger magnetic field and geologic heating? You mention #Stargate I watch.

[@ajshhwzhhwja2317]

That would be awesome!

[@adindarahmania]

I'm new on this channel, and i gotta ask; is he Irish?

[@Doomcorner64]

yes

[@mahdiarrahimzadeh4340]

Tikknes

[@-Templar-]

Obviously

[@MRconfusedboy]

+Panic! At My Chemical Phandom its weird and annoying, he doesnt seem to speak neither american no irish accent, its like a weird hybrid of the two, i find it really annoying

[@anpratadraiochtuil5293]

+Du Duu He's speaks one of the many Irish accents. There is no way that his accent resembles the standard American accent.

[@Sand_of_Stars]

Canada/australia the ring timelines space fairing capital

[@AtarahDerek]

Even the Ancients needed to use spacecraft on occasion, including to plant stargates around the galaxy. So yeah, stargates wouldn't help much if we can't get around the rings to leave earth.

[@hauntedmythAkari]

This was interesting. Thank you for your time and thoughts. You earned a subscriber, Edgar. ☺️

[@darthkoninoz5243]

Back to school! Earth has also rings but they are extremely small.

[@adumpster9006]

We're refering to big rings.

[@tmkachhia]

I get it

[@jonathangrindell1335]

Please make a video about what culture on Earth would be like if Earth was a Moon Around a Gas Giant Planet 8Jupiter Mass's?

[@mistery728]

Okay having a culture evolve faster but not being able to travel beyond earth sounds cool for worldbuilding

[@jaydengroot2304]

Question, can you walk on the rings? Or would you fall off? And how easy would it be to make a hole into the rings of saturn?

[@geoffreybrunell5592]

Jayden Groot You could neither walk on them nor fall off because the rings are made of individual particles of ice and dust, and each of them are in orbit around the Earth.

[@luciliusfm]

"Eart"

[@Sapphire19796]

How would the magnetic field be affected by the rings? And the poles? would the rings still be visible there? Thanks for the awesome video!! LoL

[@warrengday]

MESMERISING. You are a God amongst men.

[@Lasiooo2]

You sound like jacksepticeye

[@chrissame]

He only needs to talk more excitedly and he will fool everyone!

[@cronchy4580]

Through the Telescope! and louder

[@skylorious8909]

He kind of does, but his voice isn't a mix of high and low and super loud

[@nomics5625]

why did you copy minute physics

[@bananabanana7860]

Rare Fire Type Lenny 3467 no need to be racist

[@adamb6130]

Nomics dude not only one channel is allowed to do this! What are you gonna say to an animator "why did you copy another animator"?

[@heavyweapons5749]

Dude that would look cool as hell

[@rileyhoyt754]

Hypothetical solution to the satellite problem - mount dishes to the rocks in the rings

[@stratussol2475]

I want to add an interesting idea. Eclipses. The moon would not only cast a shadow on earth but on the rings and the earth and it's rings would cast shadows on the moon during lunar eclipes.

[@UWotM-ll5rv]

Fun fact:the reason why there are rings around Saturn is because these giant UFOs put them there,the rings are used to charge there EMVs (Electro Magnetic Vehicles)and they are currently making one around Jupiter.And also these giant UFOs were given a name by NASA called *Ringmakers*

[@usefuldude9708]

What if we want to make rings such as the ones found around J1407b? Ya know, the massive retrograde spinning rings with a diameter of ~1 AU that encircle a super-jupiter/brown dwarf in the system 1SWASP J140747.93-39452.6?

[@sennadelouea797]

So, I doubt I'll actually get anyone to answer and it's a minor detail at best, but when would a shadow upon the rings appear? Winter? Would one always be present somewhere on the ring? And if the earth had two suns would there be two shadows? Or four? I'm not smart enough for this.

[@dashiellgillingham4579]

What would a ring consisting mostly of iron and oxygen look like? Would it turn red or would it look white the way Saturn’s do?

[@Thefangirlshadow]

How would calendars be effected if a planet had a ring?

[@rahhhhhhh10]

6:15 why is there a CGP grey logo?

[@petrfedor1851]

"Unless of course: Stargates!" trueer words were never spoken!

[@1224chrisng]

Well, maybe the Ring has large flat reflective Surfaces that rotate in very predictable ways, making what's basically Iridium Flares. Or maybe the Ring is made of more reflective and denser Materials from a smaller and more loosly packed Asteroid at a Capture Orbit more similar to the Orbit of a Satellite, so that it'll be closer, tighter and less gravitationally unstable, and just as reflective but to hit Satellites at a much slower Relative Speed with much less Likelihood from having a more similar Orbit with much less Material. edit, put in the top paragraph #FlareWell

[@Cernoise]

“Using nothing but the sacs of fluid embedded in their faces” 😂😍👀

[@nalla1782]

how much closer to the sun would earth have to be in order to have the same temperatures as we have without rings?

[@jorgeramirez6060]

Stargates!!!! Hahaha, you cracked me.

[@allanjohnson8951]

I just realized the moon has a CGP Grey logo in it when he gets to the culture bit. Well played.

[@ben10azabenyy94]

Hi

[@kingofbosnia2500]

Man, this taught me a lot. Thanks, I have subscribed!

[@summerlili6072]

BigGBlitz

[@TheRadioactiveBanana32]

6:15 I see CGP grey in the moon

[@krytaco8114]

You should be an artist you're really good

[@toranggurning1346]

school : what we learn : Earth is round homework : why earth is round Exam : this

[@animeadikz2560]

now that what i called detailed video!

[@olzhas1one755]

1:34 Soo, this gives a possibility that we might survive a giant asteriod crashing into Earth?

[@StasConstantine]

Is it possible for rings to stabilize earth's (or any Terra's) rotation enough if moon didn't exist?

[@nagisadies7967]

Very Cool

[@kinichi20]

I just wanted to see Earth with rings... and now my brain is bleeding..

[@Milliardo5]

Actually having GPS, weather tracking systems, etc. would be like what we have now, only man would have harnessed the many debris of the rings to place those systems. Robotics would probably be more advanced as well since that would mean carefully going through the debris and placing any system or equipment on the much larger ring debris. Possibly also man would have created more advanced space suits or jet packs to move into those debris.

[@rubenmorales2646]

This video takes forever on shrooms and looks amazing

[@bigchungus1997]

that thumbnail is funny if you look carefully enough it looks like the earth is wearing a sombrero hat

[@sellychan6661]

I guess our poor Earth didn't get the chance to get married 😂

[@kateland5380]

I have a question: Why do we live on earth instead of other planets?

[@thedoom3084]

how make a planet with rings. 1:make the planet 2:put the moon or planet (with less mass than the planet) to the roche limit 3:DONE On universe sandbox 1-click rings 2-click saturn 3-click add 3.5 or costumize the rings clicking the pencil 4-done

[@MrCubFan415]

5:13 What about Mars then? Does it have the potential to form rings?

[@JoelFeila]

could there be enough light on the night side to let plants photosynthesize.

[@BurakkuHishou]

As for the satellites, instead of making them free floating objects, wouldn't be easier to just plant them on one of the rocks on our rings?

[@DinoGoofHybridHero7531]

How would it be possible to stop the rings from making cold spots on the planet? o3o

[@dani-rl9rk]

I'm not sure if this question was answered in the video (It was so long and complicated i skipped half of it) but will their be times some of the rock in the rings of earth (if we had rings) fall down to the atmosphere..?

[@spluff5]

The equations make my rings waaay too wide but my planet is Earth-like. Any ideas as to how to make them less wide?

[@JaeElCee77]

could you not just set up space stations on large chunks of debris within the rings? this would allow for refueling of ships and perhaps even colonies on the rings. sattelites needed to be on an equatorial orbit could simply be attached to the inner bound of the ring. I am aware that there are probably flaws in my viewing, and would appreciate it if someone could enlighten me as to what they might be.

[@nageshsingh2330]

like your work.. very very much.

[@cesarvillalobos8632]

Every day I wonder about the life on Planet Earth

[@hithummah]

Stargate really needs a remake, one that deals it in less space opera way.

[@MA-df8ek]

Man I love this guys accent

[@liammckevitt8096]

I'd imagine it would be easy to launch a rocket from the poles no?

[@a-n-i-m-e4866]

My homie earth doesn't wanna be a ballerina that's why he doesn't want skirts