Inking & Painting Cel Animation

Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida , c.1990 .
This is only part of a longer video . You can find the entire video posted here:
vimeo.com/353169977

[@authormattnovak]

It was great to work with all these talented folks at the Disney Florida Studios. Proud to have been a part of the team that worked on Rollercoaster Rabbit, Rescuers Down Under, and Beauty and the Beast.

[@InklingStudio]

Same here, Matt. Although I was at the Burbank studio from 1987 - 1995 . I didn't start working at the Florida studio until I transferred there in the summer of 1995, starting on Mulan (1998) , then Lilo & Stitch (2002) , and finally Brother Bear (2004) I don't think we ever had occasion to meet in person, but you were always highly spoken of by other artists at the FL studio when I was there.

[@authormattnovak]

@@InklingStudio Great to hear. You worked with a lot of people I know...and someone I married!

[@toonyfatninjas]

everyone should have respect for these people. they are the pioneers they took on the real hardships is because of them we even have a chance today! we got lucky! when it all when to computers so be thankful for not having to go threw all the headaches.

[@Juusokakku]

At the same time it seems so ungrateful not to continue 2D animation digitally, since it is so special. I really wish there was an alternate timeline where Disney kept their original path of creating innovative films, risking bankruptcy every time.

[@ishkibable]

@@Juusokakku At least there are games like Cuphead!

[@sheperinogaming1986]

i want to be an animator, and this is the kind of animation I want to do.

[@shakeyframe2330]

I have a great amount of respect for these people

[@timowthie]

The pioneers are the Disney animators from the 30's

[@Shindi0921]

Damn i would’ve loved living during those years when art was the highlight of the current period, all history aside because now art is not a reliable job for many

[@switzdog8674]

I can't even begin to comprehend what must've happened to all these lovely, talented artists when Disney made the switch to digital animation. This truly is a lost art, and although i'm extremely thankful for the tools invented today to give us animators an easier job, I sincerely wish cel painting still existed. On another note, how glad am I for this to have popped up in my recommendations. It was terrifically fascinating to see how cels are painted. Perhaps one day I'll try it myself!

[@InklingStudio]

Most of these talented ink & paint artists retrained to do ink & paint work digitally on the Computer Assisted Production System (CAPS) developed by Disney in collaboration with a little software company called Pixar. They weren't let go when CAPS started being used. Some also moved into Scene Planning , some went into Animation. The more disruptive change happened years later when Disney phased out hand drawn animation entirely to focus on making CG animated films like Chicken Little and A Day With Wilbur Robinson. At that time most of the traditional hand drawn animation staff were let go (some did retrain as CG animators, but many did not)

[@neveronething]

That my kind of dream job.

[@samuellorzaramirez9331]

I'd like to, but in anime

[@SomeGuy-fl1gz]

They pay1$ per frame

[@aruriruriru]

after 2 years,,finaly I found someone that had some dream job same as mind

[@beatsmithx1090]

too bad it's not like this anymore. the world is going 3d now

[@adamekhoff43]

Exactly.

[@vpl5044]

In my opinion, this will always be the highest form of animation, much more fluid and beautiful to watch than all the souless lazy tech crap we see on tv these days.

[@VideoJamesNZ]

I studied animation in the wrong timeline 😢 I wish it was still done like this. I'd give anything to bring this quality back into cartoons.

[@ghostdog7575]

yeah, it's so sad this job went into extinction and that we'll never have something like Akira again.

[@claudiacaprin4904]

Dude I feel your pain😭 why does everything have to be digital these days

[@vinny667]

Many people feel the same way so it's may not be impossible.

[@icecreamhero2375]

At least digital coloring helped cut costs.

[@madjidchouarbi3921]

To my opinion, coloring with computer isn't a bad think until you don't over use flashy colors. If you are a lonely animator or a very small team, computer coloring makes you able to finish your work, not only faster, but for a small fee too. In past time, coloring was very time consuming and needed a lot of people to do it. This way to do is like when, back to the 60´s, Ub Iwerk used the xerocopy to trace the characters on cells. The real problem is to use cgi for creating props, vehicules, special effects... All things that can be done in traditionnal hand drawn animation.

[@JoJo-xp6wr]

ladies and gentlemen, may I present you: the men and women behind our childhoods

[@itzfroggi22]

I'll have to be honest, as much as animation is getting a bit easier, the old ones just seemed to hit close to home. Just seeing how the process of coloring and turning papers into Cels just reveals more of something that someone can do (but not in a easy way) these guys put their blood, sweat, (brains), and tears into this, sometimes i just wonder how would it feel if it was still being done to this day...

[@lych2102]

I'm SO thankful for having computers!!! I love traditional animation, planning to do it, but this job sounds like straight up labor. we can easily scan the drawings and fill it with a virtual tool now! I think computers definitely have their benefits for animators!

[@CorporalClegg1000]

With tablet PC's/Wacom Cintiq etc, you don't even have to scan in drawings. You can draw it straight into a digital art program and scrub it/play it back etc in real time.

[@MrCoconutcat]

What virtual tool would that be

[@shakeyframe2330]

Digital can be just as hard.

[@solidcricket]

It takes away the soul from cartoons...

[@saran9736]

@@solidcricket if only done in a wrong manner. To be honest, it would look as good as the ogs if used correctly.

[@mochisenpie3319]

I'd always wanted to know how they've made cartoons back then.. Now (thanks to KZbin) I happily can learn

[@oo0Spyder0oo]

still have books on the subject

[@TheRockyCrowe]

Thanks for sharing this! This really shows how animation has evolved over the years and how technology has revolutionized it. Animation today is still a tedious task that is made more complex depending on the art style and level of detail, but imagine going back 30 or 20 years and actually having to ink and paint EVERY. SINGLE. SHEET. BY. HAND. This is god-like level of patience.

[@ghostdog7575]

It's so sad this job is extinct...

[@Launchpad05]

You'd think that more modern programs like Flash, and Clip Studio Paint would give 2D animation a new lease on life.

[@Langkowski]

I think there is still five emplyees at Disney doing the job. They make animation cels for customers only, not for movies.

[@SirusStarTV]

It just went digital.

[@merxellus1456]

Most of the method still exist. Handdrawn each Frames but digitally coloured thts all.. Japanese Animes are good example.

[@sergeikhripun]

I don’t know if all of these people would be employed but even if technology changes you still need creative people to do animation. I can’t believe it was so much work back then. I can do a lot of what they are doing on my iPad. You can create animation using apps these days.

[@thema1998]

I can never get used to the fact that animation was once made with handpainted cels.

[@velociraptor4you3291]

Great stuff! Seriously, as an animation buff, this really gives a person like me a really detailed breakdown of how In & Paint is done.

[@claireb3d245]

THIS MAKES ME SO HAPPY. I LOVE SHARING THIS WITH MY STUDENTS.

[@ks_mash]

Lots of respect for the tremendous amounts of work invested herein...

[@dadshoe7607]

My god, these people have so much talent and created amazing movies. They took so much time and effort to make something beautiful. Mad respect.

[@pigeonincognito]

I just love this technique! So much effort and time involved that I just now realized after working at a traditional animation studio that is about to adapt a book series into a traditional celluloid film!

[@dillon.okeefe]

Lmao the sound fx when it goes black

[@arnaselznick]

Hey! Are there more sections to this documentary? Would love to see them. This is such lost art. I loved hanging around the checking and the camera depts on Rock And Rule. That's where you could learn the most about camera moves. Stood me in good stead as layout artist and then, as a story artist.

[@HundleysOnABirdDiet]

Arna Selznick are you THE one and only Arna Selznick? 😃

[@InklingStudio]

Hi, Arna - sorry for the long-delayed reply. Honestly, I am hardly ever on KZbin and I don't usually read the comments. (Most of the videos I have posted here are just so I can easily reference them in animation classes I teach online , so I have the links to the videos, but I rarely look at stats or comments on my KZbin Channel). There are indeed more parts of this documentary. I don't know where the original video is (somewhere deep in the Disney Archives) , but I wish they would release it in a high-res. , cleaned up version. The several different parts of this documentary have been floating around the internet for a few years in a low-res. version (which is what I re-posted above). I did not post all of it , as the part I was interested in was the section on ink & paint (to show to my animation history class I was teaching online). If you go to Vimeo (shhhhh ... don't tell KZbin !) and search for "The Magic of Disney Animation" you'll find the whole thing.

[@MrBongers]

@@InklingStudio Thanks. I found the full version of "The Magic of Disney Animation" posted on Vimeo thanks to your mentioning it.

[@NaitomeIya]

Oh my word that pow lvl 9999 effort! And to think those amazing framerates/smoothness are actually better than most of today’s digital animation, and those were traditional and hand-drawn!

[@RayPointerChannel]

Only 20 Painters? One Painter can average 25 finished cels a day. That's about 500 total per week. This would be considered a small staff.

[@avihooves1801]

One painter can finish 25 cels a day?! Maybe if you're very quick or if your cels aren't very detailed. How many hours btw?

[@thebrainnameditself9530]

I'd love to know how many hours

[@dermotoc9594]

Unlikely that the entire film was painted in one dept., most likely the work was farmed out to several studios (London, Florida, LA, etc). The imdb creds list a LOT of painters, well over a hundred. www.imdb.com/title/tt0096438/fullcredits

[@aborno]

Probably only 20 painters for the Florida unit. They likely had a larger core team of colorists down in Burbank; and probably another team in Paris, at the time.

[@jeromyperez5532]

lol, I doubt that it's common for a background artist can average 25 cels a day. Even digitally, I don't know anyone that can block in, color and paint 25 backgrounds in a day.

[@SS-qg9jk]

Good stuff, take long time to be made. Digital is nice and much appreciated, but it's nothing like old-school. Cel animation feels so humane and home, i just love watching these old animations just for the visuals and to get this sweet feeling. I really dont enjoy watching the new stuff, unless they really have a good plot.

[@Langkowski]

From 1990? That was the year when the final cel animated project (The Prince and the Pauper) was released. After that CAPS took over.

[@ionzion7598]

I miss old cartoons made like this

[@LuigiTheMetal64]

I want hand-painted cel animation to come back. We all do. Not because of nostalgia, that is because they are made by people who can draw and paint. Cels and backgrounds are art pieces that when they are better preserved, there is value to them. If it's time consuming to do this, even doing 30 frames a second or anything that can be considered an upgrade, that's why they should hire more people. Maybe 100-500 people to do a 30 frame a second, 10 minute video? Had traditional animation continued, there would have been a cost and time effective way to do this by now.

[@amandanield5380]

We can keep this process alive if people who make animated films choose to use this process. It's only due to laziness and lack of patience that animators today use computers instead.

[@mooglare]

these people walked so animators today could run

[@InklingStudio]

Thanks , but just to be clear this video was from 1990 (not the 1930's/1940's when the real pioneers were inventing character animation as we know it) and most of the people you see in this video were in their early 20's - mid 30's at the time, so many us are still running today, still doing animation and other art ! Almost all of us are now working on Cintiq tablets animating in programs like TVPaint or Toonboom Harmony , so not with pencil on paper or inking & painting on cels , but it's still using the same classical animation skills applied to digital production pipelines . Anyway, we're not all in the retirement home just yet ;)

[@MLElf]

Always wanted to be an animator but didn’t follow my dream, the planning on just things like the shadow is mind blowing , pros

[@SS-qg9jk]

It's never too late :) I also wanted to be an artist, but didn't know what exactly and i think I am getting there now. What are you doing nowadays?

[@petergambier]

On my last animation job in 2002 the boss bought an Animo system where one operator could scan and colour onto cells about 350 drawings in about 4 hours. Before that it would have taken the commercial studio's four lady paint & trace artists about a weeks work.

[@SS-qg9jk]

Wow! That is something else!

[@SS-qg9jk]

May I ask what was your role there?

[@andrewhernandez1509]

We need to bring this back it looks so beautiful.

[@lit2021]

They needed 3 people to photocopy a drawing :D You have to admire the amount of work that was put into animation in those days :D

[@joshaeka3997]

the time when quality above of CGI

[@vinajuliana8766]

They are amazing❤

[@TiagoGinuino]

OMG! What hard work!

[@missweirdeditor4572]

the background music reminds me of Classic Tom and Jerry

[@CivilGuy]

Can’t believe the gun part still made it in the final run. This wouldn’t air today on any kids network

[@InklingStudio]

CivilGuy - this cartoon "Roller Coaster Rabbit" wasn't made for a "kids network" . It was a cartoon released in theaters , with a PG rating.

[@mechajay3358]

I really hope they preserved some of those Cels.

[@dayart9232]

Thank you for sharing ♥️

[@hellworld777]

I would have liked to have worked in such a company.

[@johndoe7381]

wonderful video

[@jacquelinep3659]

6:36 Is She Wearing A Snoopy And Woodstock Shirt?

[@deadchannel332]

So that's what it looks like before the computer were invented. So cool.

[@InklingStudio]

Well, it was 1990 , so not exactly "before the computer was invented". John Lasseter and Glen Keane were experimenting with CG animation at Disney as early as 1983. (to read more about it , do a search for the article ‘Where the Wild Things Are’: An Early CG Experiment by John Lasseter and Glen Keane By AMID AMIDI , posted on CartoonBrew on 02/23/2011 3:54 pm) So in 1990 they were already using CG for certain things , mostly props and vehicles , at Disney. The first use of computer generated animation at Disney on a feature-length animated film was in "The Black Cauldron" (1985), then "The Great Mouse Detective" (1986), Oliver & Company" (1988) ,and "The Little Mermaid" (1989) , which all included CG animation elements, which were printed out on paper for hand-drawn animated characters to be added over top of the CG animated props, vehicles, and background elements, which were then transferred to cels to be painted in traditional cel animation style. In 1990 the majority of the animation was still hand drawn with pencil on paper , then inked and painted on cels as shown in the video above , but almost at the exact same time this video was made (1989/1990) the traditional hand painted cel system was being replaced by a digital ink & paint system (CAPS). The last few animated movies using cels were the Roger Rabbit shorts and the Mickey Mouse featurette "The Prince and the Pauper" (1990). However, the Disney animators continued to animate traditionally with pencil on paper on all the Disney animated features from 1990 (The Rescuer's Down Under) until 2004 (Brother Bear and Home on the Range) , but the pencil drawings were scanned and then digitally inked & painted in CAPS (often by the same artists who had previously been hand painting cels ... they just retrained and moved over to using a digital stylus instead of pens and paintbrushes) . When Disney Feature Animation briefly tried reviving the hand drawn animation dept. with The Princess and the Frog (2009) and Winnie the Pooh (2011) the animation was still being drawn with pencil on paper , but the scanned drawings were colored with Toonboom Harmony software , which replaced the now outdated CAPS system that was developed in the late 80's.

[@hamjuice345]

I'm actually studying animation in high school and we're learning how to do a walk cycle like this, but without that nice machine that copies drawings into the cels...so we just trace the drawings with a black marker and then paint it. I'm really bad at the painting...probably because my brush is too thick.

[@El_kirby_espannol]

I love Tradicional Animation, I like found one of This.

[@MrCoconutcat]

Best video ever

[@sheetalbisht8242]

Wonderful

[@StefanoDreiStefered]

Continue Continue The Drawing Hands Traditional is The FUTURE!

[@Adrians_Ideas]

what kinds of pens do they use for the outlines?

[@SS-qg9jk]

Maybe some kind of fine liners?

[@InklingStudio]

Steel nib pens and also fine brushes for hand-inking cels. Look for a video on KZbin called Antonio Pelayo - Last inker at Disney's Ink & Paint Dept. and also a video called Disney Studio Tour - Disney Ink & Paint Artists and one called Dirk & Daphne Animation Cel Process (on Don Bluth Animation channel). Those vids explain the process and show the tools used (which are pretty much the same tools that were being used in animation from the 1930's - to - late 1980's/early 90's) Keep in mind , the outlines for most Disney animation in the 1960's - to - late 1980's was a Xerox line , where the drawings were photocopied on to cels. (as shown in this video). Hand-inking (with pens) was used only in certain cases during the 1960's - to - 1990's era . Mostly the animation line drawings were xeroxed onto cels.

[@quaife]

Thanks David! ;)

[@GerisSpecialtyGifts]

You have to go to an Asian country like Japan to get a job like this now.😞

[@ChristianHegele]

Ironic to note that at the exact time this documentary footage was shot, Disney was phasing out hand-painted cels in favour of the CAPS process for all of their feature films. Amazing work was still done, but not at all like this.

[@amathma]

Wow wow wow

[@mugakamurakumo]

Thank God for computers! ❤ I love seeing these videos because it shows how far in animation we've come and it's really exciting. I know Japan is pushing to make AIs draw the animation but I'm with Miyazaki-sensei who thinks it's vulgar. Using computers is enough. Art loses personality and soul out of artwork if a machine does all the work instead of a human. Human touch. What we put down on paper is releasing a bit of us into the world to see. Cel animation is not for today's animators as we are past it. I know some people want to go back to cel animation but it's a lot of paper wasted and highly expensive now. Not to mention how time consuming it is. No, painting on the PC is environment friendly and cost effective. It's amazing what we can do now with software like Anime Studio and Toon Boom. These people in the video I have such massive respect for. They were the pioneers of animation slowly stepping into the digital age. Man, it would be so amazing to work on Roger Rabbit. I love the film Who Framed Roger Rabbit. I go back to it for inspiration. So much imagination and creativity went into that animated masterpiece.

[@lovingbeauty5813]

ITS SO MUCH WORK AND WE ALL CAN BUY THESE MOVIES FOR SUCH A LOW PRICE WTF.

[@Trid3nt861]

Its crazy how many drawings and colors go into just a 7 to 20 minute animation.... I am trying to do qnimation as a novice but have to study the fundementals and pacing of the framing.

[@FearRKO]

This popped up as recommended because I just watched Michelle Phan’s video of her gifting animation cels

[@rollingdowntheblvd]

The Xeroxing I thought was a pretty innovative use of production time but after watching this it seems like inking would have sufficed! Though I do like the scratchy quality of the Xeroxed animations

[@hamodachichigo8029]

I wonder how much the cel artrist could been payed for this Hard Toil ??

[@rtos]

Computer animation killed an entire industry.

[@akshaychaturvedi2462]

0:35 beautiful lady.😘 legendary artists

[@darshan7806]

Short film name "Roller Coaster Rabbit"

[@mmmmmmm-hn4wx]

Hokey SMOKES!!!!!!

[@cmSaS]

Roger Rabbit and Prince and the Popper(I saw that royal Mickey)... end of the line for Disney “Ink and Paint.” That makes this a rather sad video considering CAPS.

[@Launchpad05]

Or later stuff like Flash, Toon Boom, or Clip Studio Paint.

[@philippeflores6672]

The Little Mermaid was indeed the last film to use the "Ink and Paint" process.

[@InklingStudio]

@@philippeflores6672 - the last film made by Disney Feature Animation to use cels was The Prince and the the Pauper. (On the other hand, Disney TV animation , which farmed out it's ink & paint work to Korean ink & paint service studios , continued to use cels for many years because the Korean studios were set up for cel production and did not switch over completely to digital ink & paint until around the year 2000. )

[@coleburns5497]

Where can I buy these equipment?

25 dislikes from tiktok nation.

[@akshayv2849]

Everything happens in the dark... Black magic.. 😂😜

[@josegallese6133]

6:29 i do understand

[@kamalprem511]

Woh

[@yaboiakira929]

can someone like... explain what's the different from it to Digital one? like ain't both work with paper before computers....

[@icecreamhero2375]

Well people still have to draw everything. But sometimes people use digital puppets other times they draw directly on Wacom talblets.

[@SgtD85]

Speed

[@boriscvekic]

Oh boy, it's way different. Now you scan the drawing (if it's on paper) clean it with digital tools, and paint it. No cells, no copying, no mixing colors, no gloves. You can deform stuff without drawing it each frame, not to mention error corrections, setup and tweaking of lighting, FX and post production. Imagine this - back then, one bad move, and you are doing all of the things described in this video again. Today you press ctrl+z. Now, one thing is not very different- you still have to be a skillful artist and animator.

[@snorgonofborkkad]

Everything but the initial pencil drawings are done in the computer. These days probably not even the pencil. There are no more cels. There is no more ink or paint. A lot of extra effects are added in the compositing process. It's just completely different these days.

[@quannzilla]

this what made cartoons cartoons

[@ryancampbell955]

Gosh, it seems like it would be easier just to hand trace the drawing onto the cell, rather than in through that long complicated Xerox process.

[@InklingStudio]

Well, not really. If it was actually easier (and therefore less time-consuming , and therefore less expensive) they never would have done away with hand inking in favor of the Xerox process. The Xerox dept. was maybe 5 or 6 people at most, depending on the number of cels that needed to be processed. (they could staff up temporarily for crunch time, but it was not a big department compared to the previous size of the inking dept.) By contrast, the Inking dept. on a feature film consisted of dozens of artists depending on the needs of the production. Application of the Xerox process to animation production was a big time and money saver.

[@freedomisntfree2089]

There's thousands of cels for sale at auctions and online from cartoons long passed. I was thinking of collecting but afraid of fakes

[@InklingStudio]

Collecting animation artwork is a fun (but sometimes expensive!) hobby, but you do have educate yourself to be able to spot fakes, which sadly are widespread . Find a reputable dealer like Howard Lowery Gallery , Heritage Auctions , or Van Eaton Galleries . They deal with the real stuff and will help you learn about what to look for . There are a lot of forgeries being sold for ridiculous prices on eBay, so be careful there. (to be fair, there are also some legitimate sellers who sell real animation collectible art on eBay , but you have to watch out for the forgers there , too)

[@david_t_nethery_animator]

@@InklingStudio And even some of the so-called reputable animation art galleries will sometimes list artwork that is of dubious provenance or are outright fakes that slipped past them .(in most cases I don't believe they are purposely selling forgeries , but there is a sloppiness on the part of some galleries about authenticating pieces. Also, some of the so-called "experts" who deal in animation artwork don't really have a very good artistic eye, so some things slip past them.)

[@avrilavignexxo]

Here after Michelle Phan

[@positiveproductions6699]

Does anybody know the name of this documentary? Or where I could find it Thanks

[@InklingStudio]

"The Magic of Disney Animation" . It's on Vimeo under that title.

[@glasperle77]

by seeing this I am so glad that digital art replaces most nowadays which you can make look like traditional animations

[@SS-qg9jk]

Well, not really! New stuff have nothing in common with these oldies

[@aarmsofsin959]

RIP Inking & Painting Cel Animation Dept.

[@Gabriel-zj2ce]

And now, everything is made in a computer, by one single person in 2 minutes to give color the animation, that dont need to be hand draw... People say that we arent in the futere yet...

[@InklingStudio]

Not quite. Computers have speeded up the process in certain areas , but it's not all just push a button and full color animation comes out at the end. There is skill and effort involved.

[@mel_uwu8154]

A time were there was oasion for art and animation

[@krunkle5136]

Florida, but some of the presenters sound British. What an interesting state.

[@InklingStudio]

Max Howard , who was head of the Florida studio was from the U.K. (Max is the gent you see at the start of the video .) Several of the artists were also from the U.K. We also had artists from Canada, Australia, China , France , and other countries .

[@makmakmak5048]

1:48 it’s kinda dark you know

[@myohmydoyouwannasaygoodbye]

The woman at 6:21 didn't use gloves. :)

[@pjf8630]

It's because she wasn't painting it then. It was already done and no chance of smudging so no need for gloves.

[@xchemicalXladybugx]

Paint is dry and prints are unlikely at that stage due to the 'drying' of the sheets. They hold prints better depending on the oiliness of the hands and the sheet itself

[@TheBaldr]

@@pjf8630 Fingerprints on the celluloid are always an issue. I bet these were already used and filmed cels, so no one cares.

[@SS-qg9jk]

I'd like to know how many hours per week these people worked ansd what was their salary

[@InklingStudio]

The normal work week at Disney was a 40 hour work week (8 hours a day , 5 days a week) . However, often near the end of production on a film we had what was called "crunch time" for a period of weeks or even months in some cases, where we would work overtime hours. On some of the films the amount of overtime was quite extreme, with artists sometimes working 12 - 14 hour days , 6 days a week, amounting to 60 - 80 hours a week . It varied by production. Some productions had many major story changes made during production which meant that sequences had to go back into animation to be redone and that was sometimes near the end of production (but the release date for the film did not change!) hence the "crunch time". Other times the work moved along in an orderly manner and just a normal work week of 40 hours was sufficient to get everything finished on time. --- Salaries varied. It's not easy to answer that question. There was a base pay rate for each job category set by the Animation Guild (union), but many artists worked at "above scale" (higher than the base pay rate) based on their experience and skill level.

[@melindaburns5782]

You think animation is hard these days? Think of how long and hard theses people had to work. Something that takes us 4 or 5 hours took a whole team 4 or 5 days.

[@masmamung2131]

Time consuming process

[@TheBaldr]

All these people were probably laid off after this was documented. Disney used CAPS instead of Ink and Paint in 1990.

[@InklingStudio]

Most of them just transferred over to a CAPS workstation , using a digital stylus instead of pens and paint brushes. It's the same basic process , just different tools. The computer was not able to fill in colors automatically with no human input. A few of the ink & paint artists you see in this video also transferred over to the animation dept doing clean-up (final line) animation and also to the scene planing and camera dept.'s .

[@SS-qg9jk]

​@@InklingStudioI would like to find a video of CAPS production if you could share , that would be really interesting as well!

[@theprisonernumbersix996]

240p resolution only ? It's a joke ?

[@InklingStudio]

Yeah, sorry about that , but that's all I had . The original video is somewhere in the Disney archives , but I don't have access to the original video.

[@InklingStudio]

It is available at slightly better 360p resolution on Vimeo . Search for "The Magic of Disney Animation".

[@Yuno.Topic101]

Animation really lost the man made aspect to it and now animation looks better but feels like there missing something important

[@FuegodeInfierno]

And now all we have is ugly Flash animation where all cartoons look the same.

[@InklingStudio]

Um .... no. Look around , there is great looking hand drawn cartoon animation being produced today. Netflix , Amazon, Disney+ , HBO Max, Apple TV+ are all heavily invested in animation, much of it hand drawn . Did you see the hand drawn animated movie "Klaus" that debuted on Netflix last year ? (and is still available on Netflix). "Klaus" is one of the most gorgeous looking hand drawn films ever made. Same with the new hand drawn film "Wolfwalkers" that just debuted on Apple TV+ . Even the most recent Pixar feature film, "Soul" , which just came out on Disney+ was preceded by a delightful hand drawn animated short film called "Burrow". The "Green Eggs and Ham" series on Netflix has elaborate hand drawn animation. I could go on and one with examples.

[@watttv1388]

Klaus was done by character animators who drew entirely on graphics tablets. Not paper or pencil.