Inside a nuclear reactor core - Bang Goes The Theory - BBC

[@Gaizertv]

this man explained the process of function better than any other special documentation that is 1 hour long..

[@soapstone420]

agreed. I've been watching videos on how nuclear power works for the last 3 hours, first time I kind of understand what's going on xD

[@QiuyuanChenRyan916]

It is a bit like college vs University, which this one just tells you what it is and the other one give you a logic so you can use to understand your own version of it.

[@penkatadrums]

Did you mean the process of fission, sir...

[@Bialy_1]

@@soapstone420 "first time I kind of understand what's going on " after watching movie where the guy is cuting stretched rubber with scisors and that is somehow explanation of fission... i bet that you now believe that you "kind of understand what's going on xD".

[@wyatt-mv6pd]

I already knew how it worked. I just watched this to see what the inside looks like... but yes I agree he does explain very well

[@djvianu]

"I know how a nuclear reactor works. Now I don't need you."

[@homosexualpanic]

My stupid ass legit thought he was going to throw him out of the helicopter after he said that. Then I remembered this isn't some Jason Statham movie

[@XTHEBLODMANX]

@@homosexualpanic I guess I'm stupid too!

[@MegaErik1997]

Cernobil haha 😂😂

[@Shadow77999]

@@homosexualpanic but then my historically knowledgeable other cheek of my ass remembered it was in the USSR after all so it could have happened 💀

[@nand-78]

So you're planning to KAPUT the world by not needing him. Ccccooollllll !!!!!

[@mylobage]

Take note KZbinrs. What could’ve been a 12 min video of unnecessary rambling became a 4 min diamond. Learn it. Practice it. Apply it.

[@juniorballs6025]

Yes, exactly this 👍

[@KoffyGG]

Oh how I wish they'd learn. But they need those precious adds in their videos, so they have to stretch it out to over 10 minutes to fit them in.

[@jamesconvey4239]

@@KoffyGG well when it's their job, they need to make money so have no choice but to stretch them out. The bbc on the other hand receives £150 per household per year in license fees

[@sonnee44]

AdSense won't like it

[@Techience]

mylobage I usually post videos that are like 4 minutes, but the problem is that not only does 10 minutes double revenue, but KZbin’s algorithm pushes longer videos, hence why one of my longer videos happens to be the one that just went viral, and my longer videos tend to get more views. It really sucks because, like I said, I usually post videos around 4 minutes 😂😪

[@BenTvHowman]

In my day we had to split our atoms by hand

[@jimangel2001]

PRIVELAGE

[@karmabad6287]

need an atom split... ask chuck norris to punch it

[@Envinite]

That's one ancient memes, bro

[@emailnuker8117]

omg yes

[@kamranshabbir4933]

How?

[@Slowjo1221]

I have watched HOURS of videos trying to figure out how nuclear power actually works and this man clearly explained it in 4 min. BRAVO!!!!

[@CountryLifestyle2023]

Essentially Just a steam boiler with different methods of creating steam, aka the heat kf decaying atoms lol Simpler than most think

[@TsunoDesu]

​@@CountryLifestyle2023 hot rock heat water, water turn fan, fan make zap

[@CountryLifestyle2023]

@@TsunoDesu basically, in its simplest form

[@wayback872]

Chernobyl has ruined my life,now all I think about is uranium, graphite,nuclear reactor and Soviet Union

[@3vimages471]

Uranium 235 you mean ….. 238 is pussy uranium.

[@jannahm1788]

@@Andrecio64 Canada: "Uranium-238 is useless for nuclear reactors? Hold my beer."

[@Andrecio64]

@@jannahm1788 What are you talking about?

[@jannahm1788]

@@Andrecio64 I'm referencing the fact that our CANDU reactors here in Canada run on natural U-238 and heavy water.

[@RodLandaeta]

@@3vimages471 Not that pussy... U.238 is the one used to produce plutonium... after it has been enriched.

[@donttread5414]

"I was in the toilet"

[@pawandeep31]

the best one here!! :D

[@tomcatyyz]

You're delusional! Take him to the infirmary!

[@js4406]

Samee lol

[@-_deploy_-]

You did not see graphite because it was not there

[@Mikau-gb8uo]

that's one hell of an alibis :D

[@Auriam]

brilliant explanation, love the rubber band analogy. And the visual of actually climbing into a reactor core and holding a fuel pellet is really eye catching.

[@Pupsi]

Still don't know how they use the control rods to keep it from going supercritical.

[@paulanderson79]

All commercial reactors operate in supercritical mode otherwise they'd be sinking more energy than they release. The rods simply block neutrons, that's all they do.

[@Pupsi]

@@paulanderson79 Oh. I assumed they operated them as close to critical as possible.

[@paulanderson79]

@@Pupsi The thing to remember is supercriticality in a reactor is not the same thing as supercriticality in a fission bomb. The words can be confusing I agree.

[@Pupsi]

​@@paulanderson79 Ahhh. Now I got it... maybe. It's run supercritical but not above the maximum rate of heat extraction.

[@paulanderson79]

@@Pupsi That's exactly it. Nicely phrased as well. I like that. Describes it perfectly.

[@Fjr1360]

Look what a television series has done... Nuclear reactors all around.

[@infroma6745]

You're delusional

[@swathidas1239]

Take him to the infirmary

[@maureenkoopman9378]

It’s for the better and of course you say iTs ALl PrOpAGanDa no it’s clean energy

[@whatdidyousay1455]

Probably the most advanced piece of machinery ever created by humans is simply used to boil water to create electricity. Fascinating. Thanks for this great clip :)

[@ariesof8399]

No kidding. I had to watch this twice because I thought I must have missed a very important detail.

[@aaronhinton3446]

There are many different theories of how to do something more with nuclear energy, because this isn't the most efficient way of using atomic energy, but it's so expensive to test or make and not many are willing to make sufficient investments that they've just used this same technique for many years.

[@esclapter]

+Aaron Hinton That is definitely sad, because contraty to popular belief, nuclear energy IS the energy of the future. There is yet to be one energy soure as efficient and reliable as it. Also, it is close to the renewable ones in terms of polution.

[@tylerjackson4168]

this is the old way to produce plutonium...

[@puncheex2]

Well? You'd prefer it used that energy to blast, or spread fallout around?

[@lecheman01]

Damn Chernobyl, what did you do to me

[@Shadow77999]

Made you smarter..

[@3vimages471]

Learning one thing doesn't make you smarter ….. just better informed. @@Shadow77999

[@3vimages471]

@Krok Krok Yes, clap now bitch.

[@comradedyatlov4143]

Same!!!

[@comradedyatlov4143]

@@3vimages471 actually, Chernobyl made me pursue Nuclear Chemistry.

[@Neil-jm6om]

"RBMK kettles don't explode!"

[@johndanes2294]

I saw glass on the roof.

[@3Dusers]

@@johndanes2294 Delusional. there is no roof

[@tartanrock734]

@@johndanes2294 can you explain how an RBMK kettle explodes?

[@johndanes2294]

@@tartanrock734 I don't know but...

[@tartanrock734]

@@johndanes2294 *Shakes head Sovetly* Disgraceful!

[@iracingrookie3301]

3.6 roentgen.. Not great not terrible

[@TechnoThijs]

Like a chest x-ray

[@stephenparallox]

Actually, that was the highest reading the detectors can go... it's more 15,000 roentgen. It's the equivalent of a chest x-ray... if you were getting it done while standing in the crater where 400 Hiroshima bombs went off.

[@XTHEBLODMANX]

@@stephenparallox it was a reference to the show...

[@mellorine4300]

@@XTHEBLODMANX which by the way is not equivalent to a single chest xray but 40 chest xrays

[@stephenparallox]

@@XTHEBLODMANX so was mine ;)

[@nataliemendelsohn1317]

wow, this guy is really great in explaining things in a basic clear example while still having a full understanding of the more complex processes that are ongoing.

[@Baghuul]

Dyatlov makes his workers drink shots of feedwater when they ask him stupid questions.

[@Baghuul]

J G You dont understand the jokes. Thats all, good day!

[@Baghuul]

J G Fuck off you thick headed moron!

[@luuko656]

@J G why? How is speculating his race to be considered racist? Also, he told you to 'fuck off'...

[@bullterriermolly5874]

This turned vicious cuz someone cant understand a joke and discredits the joke made using historical fact as a reason, wtf, now if you were so smart as you think mr historical facts, you would of got it that hes saying dytlov was such a dick when the workers pissed him off with questions he would give shots of reactor water, just a funny comment and u look for historical fact your the idiot here, maybe hes white he just uses a black mans face to scare jerkoffs like u

[@bullterriermolly5874]

@@Baghuul I get it check my other post here

[@aramach1335]

"'Melt-down'? That's one of those annoying buzzwords. We prefer to think of it as an 'unrequested fission surplus'" - Mr. Burns.

[@samoja9518]

Now that i know how it works i don't need you anymore - boris

[@senthilkumaran5317]

Neutron - "The Bullet " .

[@3vimages471]

We all know it was Boris FFS ….. I should get the guard to throw you off this helicopter for that!

[@MegaPhilX]

When he climbed down inside the reactor core I was like: "Sure! Let's go down there! Why not?!"

[@minavoinea3669]

Its totaly safe , its a nuclear core that has never been used , i have been trough it several times and its pretty awesome ... Perks of working in a unused nuclear powerplant...

[@The7mikalo]

i canot believe how good he explained it !! i've seen many many videos of how this works some even 40 minutes long and this dude explained everything in 4 minutes !! 😂

[@seanlanphier4723]

GÜERO not really, there another ways than just the control rods lol

[@OMGitsTerasu]

I want a Nokia inside a nuclear reactor

[@OMGitsTerasu]

well worth the footage

[@billsalvey]

lol

[@VirreFriberg]

Dude do you want another Chernobyl accident?

[@puncheex2]

Go see Thunderf00t. He left a phone or perhaps n MP3 inside a reactor to see what would happen, a year or two ago.

[@mickeypopa]

Are you kidding? Nokia IS a nuclear reactor. xD

[@hantharnyein2246]

hands up if you are here because of Chernobyl !!

[@TheChodyTaint]

Han Thar Nyein Jesus Christ, shut up. Why is this a thing? Nobody cares.

[@robbyserna5805]

@@TheChodyTaint I think people care about man made destructions that almost change the very makeup up existence alot more than you think.

[@viliblna]

@@robbyserna5805 came for the comment :))

[@Lucky-sh1dm]

Cody Cruse who the fuk are u bruh? Fuck off m8

[@fly89]

i read this on EVERY videos about nuclear power, even about periodic tables. fgs it is getting boring.

[@chill579]

Since watching HBOs chernobyl, I have learnt so much about how a nuclear power station works, and doesn't work.

[@veljkoscekic6072]

Give this guy a medal

[@TheKINGJONSEY]

I feel you! I class myself as a nuclear scientist already and I've only watched episodes 1 - 4

[@sjblackhawk9887]

ok, tell me then how does a rbmk reactor explodes?

[@petrug2981]

@@sjblackhawk9887 It's impossible, he's in shock

[@clarkie4518]

@@sjblackhawk9887 Lies

[@rosskopeekoracing]

this was totally rad to watch

[@rabvek]

rossko peeko was that a pun?

[@rosskopeekoracing]

i sievert what i done there :P

[@yodostoe4954]

rossko peeko I get it

[@ryanl.1085]

rossko peeko aaaaaaaAaaAaAAaAaaaAAAAAAAAAAA

[@Duncan_Idaho_Potato]

I, uh, see what you did there. I approve.

[@Scheport]

Explain me how a nuclear reactor works or I'll have one of these shitposters throw you out of youtube

[@Prathamsinghal]

Blissfully explained ✌🏻💚

[@madscientist1828]

Thank you for explaining that into a way that is understandable. I recently built a fusion reactor (very small one) but all of this is so fascinating !!

[@el_habas6893]

Hoy did you created a nuclear fusion reactor?

[@madscientist1828]

@@el_habas6893 it's a Farnsworth Fusor. You have to build or buy a vacuum chamber. After obtaining deep vacuum using a pump, you send 12,000-15,000 volts DC through the core. It sends atoms flying into each other. The basic reactor doesnt produce much energy but if you use deuterium gas it creates a moderate amount of energy.

[@squidwardo7074]

i built a thermonuclear bomb in my backyard fbi come get me

[@nubianfx]

that was fantastically precise, simply laid out and yet thoroughly informative. Now off to watch the new Chernobyl show

[@danielmorris6523]

Just love the phrases used when discussing nuclear reactors. "Going critical" and "SCRAM" etc.

[@Sketchylemons]

This guy did a great job of explaining this, jesus.

[@Zerozerozero-m9l]

Jesus: .. Oh hey.. Okay.. thanks?

[@hitjifox]

Chernobyl dudes : *Hold my graphite*

[@ExtremerBG]

i would never hold that lmao

[@gang_fams]

Underrated lol

[@richardmillhousenixon]

Now there you made a mistake, because I may not know much about nuclear reactors, but I know a lot about concrete.

[@mattrR678]

Why worry about something that will never happen?

[@sirizalot]

That's perfect. We should put that on our money.

[@cosmicammity98]

This is better than the new Top Gear!

[@FictualKyle]

;-; everywhere I go ;-: I'm reminded of what was once the best show. but sweet bb Jesus thank the heavens, thank amazon for the grand tour.

[@th1alb]

top gear sucks, just because they pretend that something is amazing doesn't make it so. i can tell their fake facial expressions all the time.

[@AverageAlien]

peter new one yes

[@maxxammax0]

The cool thing about water in the reactor is, that it isolates most of the gamma radiation even while fully operational. You can stand next to that cooling bath while in operation. Crazy to think about right?

[@paulanderson79]

Crazy indeed. Unless you understand physics. Clearly you do. And so do I.

[@Adhjie]

ah yes the sovjet was swimming inside their nuke sub in the cold war documentar

[@hootinouts]

This short presentations explains the basic principle as good, if not better, than a one hour presentation. Thank you for sharing this.

[@manudasmd]

Is there graphite tip for control rods. It could be dangerous.

[@mellorine4300]

Credits:chernobyl 2019 tv series

[@qshad6973]

Not all reactors are RMBK-Reactors, no worries, since 1986 nearly all Control Rods were updated or destroyed. But nuclear power plants are still dangerous and I'm not a fan of it.

[@liltiger4187]

That what i was thinking i have read in my 10th grade that graphite and boron rods are used to control the reaction spontaneity. But he didnt mention about it😂

[@manudasmd]

All of u r delusional, go to infirmary

[@dagreenbolt9169]

@@qshad6973 Nuclear power plants are only dangerous because most are liquid water nuclear Reactors and are using Uranium 235, where water can dry up at any time causing problems. Nuclear Reactors like a Thorium-based nuclear reactor uses molten liquid salt as a coolant (has a much much higher heat capacity than water) and use Uranium 233 as fuel (much safer and the waste can be used instead of thrown away). Thorium based nuclear Reactors are very very hard to get a meltdown due to its design, coolant and fuel, and in order to get a meltdown would require someone to intentionally sabotage the reactor.

[@diaphanoux]

The best and most illustrated explanation of how it works and what is a nuclear reactor in just 4 minutes. Two thumbs up!

[@mathiassm4823]

POV: you came from the guy popping the ballon in the nuclear power plant, to the guy just going inside the nuclear power plant, to this.

[@theazhandestructo]

I started with the balloon guy, then mit girl, then chernobyl reactor hall, then this

[@Emperor_of_all_Badgers]

@@theazhandestructo Niggaa tf

[@coloradokafe]

やっぱりBBC番組の英語は聞き取りやすいな、非英語圏の人間でも何を話しているかわかる。 いつもありがとうBBC

[@stephenn6657]

This needs to be taught in schools. simple, yet excellent presentation

[@pierrepignal]

nuclear reactor vs hydrolic press ?

[@jaypatel-te1dc]

Pierre Pignal ... No sence

[@RCAvhstape]

Hydraulic press powered BY nuclear reactor!

[@watchit8064]

Helium Road nuclear reactor vs 60,000 psi water jet

[@Twinfire]

nuclear rocket knife? hudraulic rocket water jet

[@derekhenschel3191]

Pierre Pignal that's a very bad idea

[@chicken9716]

Let me guess this was in your recommendation Now a days my recommendations are full of Chernobyl

[@stephenn6657]

This needs to be taught in schools. simple, yet excellent analogies.

[@LPyourplay]

Well, I don't know, but I've been told Uranium ore's worth more than gold Sold my Cad', I bought me a Jeep I've got that bug and I can't sleep Refrain: Uranium fever has done and got me down Uranium fever is spreadin' all around With a Geiger counter in my hand I'm a-goin' out to stake me some government land Uranium fever has done and got me down Well I had talk with the AEC* And they brought out some maps that looked good to me And one showed me a spot that he said he knowed So I straddled my Jeep and headed down the road I reckon I drove about 100 miles Down a bumpy road out through the wilds When all of sudden I bounced to a stop At the foot of a mountain, didn't have no top Refrain Well I took my Geiger and I started to climb Right up to the top where I thought I'd find A hunk of rock that would make it click Just like I'd read about Vernon Pick On the second day, I made the top And I'm tellin' you, Steve, I was ready to stop The only clickin' that I heard that day Was the bones in my back that had gone astray Refrain Well, you pack up your things You head out again Into some unknown spot where nobody's been You reach the spot where your fortune lies You find it's been staked by 17 other guys Well, I ain't kiddin', I ain't gonna quit That bug's done caught me and I've been bit So with a Geiger counter and a pick in my hand I'll keep right on stakin' that government land Refrain

[@StuffWithWords505]

I love you

[@awesomekitty89]

+LPyourplay You sir, are the MVP

[@anneka3010]

+LPyourplay I sang that as I read it.

[@ariesof8399]

XD

[@futurechannel48]

gg

[@goranpanic4278]

Whatever you do, don't press AZ 5 button....

[@siddharthdeokota9982]

Nice

[@crimsonarya6988]

russian systems function more properly than american ones, usa has hidden so many nuclear disasters under the dust

[@richardmillhousenixon]

@@crimsonarya6988 Even if the US gov't has managed to hide nuclear disasters that means they werent actually that bad. Compare that to Chernobyl. Besides, russian reactors were literally designed in a way that made them unstable when uncontrolled. Western reactors are naturally stable.

[@taifer]

So basically, depending on steam to rotate a turbine, we are still on Steam Age...

[@silent_stalker3687]

*gives you a $1 solar power light from dollar tree, for your yard* welcome to the solar age...

[@danknasty661]

amazing

[@Audfile]

Taifer heated by rocks no less

[@hendrxx-thehercules2350]

Taifer y dnt thy store the electricity in something n thn use tht to geat up water while the battery is also being chared back

[@shawnmcdoge2215]

hamza3456 kiani problem with that is our batteries can only store the energy for so long, though telsa has maybe alot of progress. That was pretty simplified but maybe someone who knows more can either correct me or add to this.

[@overlord5110]

Just learned more than a whole year of chemistry

[@thomashayward3286]

well for starts this is physics, so im not surprised...

[@thomashayward3286]

bluezedd I study nuclear physics at university, it’s a branch of physics.

[@matman7546]

Thomas Hayward chemistry generally stops at the electron

[@thomashayward3286]

Winky Pinky yes exactly, the nucleus is the domain of physics

[@crand20033]

So why does a Uranium atom produce energy when it's split and how would anyone know that, or know how to do it or even think we could do it beyond rubber bands?

[@omzig18]

Am I the only one wondering how many rads he is gettin down there

[@joevignolor4u949]

+omzig18 - At the time this was filmed the reactor hadn't been run as of yet.

[@stinkyfingers3369]

''Jem Stansfield explores a never used reactor core at the Zwentendorf nuclear power plant in Austria, to explain how a nuclear power station works.''

[@bennis.4161]

the NPP was never used and it will never be

[@notreal732]

If it was used, he would've died quite quickly as I read somewhere it can go up to a 1000+ Sieverts/Hour (in perspective: normal background radiation for you and I is 0,10-0,20 (uSv - micro Sieverts) / / 4-6 Sieverts = Acute Fatal dose). Maybe I'm wrong, if so, feel free to correct me.

[@aramach1335]

Yep. 4-6 Sieverts is 400-600 REM, which would be fatal.

[@lailajamilasmith]

This is the best YT video I've found on the subject so far.

[@daviddavison7836]

This bloke has done a good job of explaining a small part of nuclear fission. Thumbs up!

[@mrwho30]

This reactor never went "hot" or had uranium rods it it. Weeks before going online the austrian people voted with 51% AGAINST it. So it's the only reactor worldwide which was ready for use...and never did. Now it's the only place worldwide for emergency trainings and museum in one.

[@gavster023]

Im part of that 51%

[@BRAWGWill]

@@gavster023 Too bad

[@MircomFan]

dumbasses, cleaner energy than most

[@QTwoSix]

Democracy never works. Some retards vote against a good thing and it doesn't happen.

[@JS45678]

I always thought water was needed to keep everything cooled down. I had no idea water was used to regulate the speed of the neutron. Always fun learning something new and correcting my previous knowledge at the same time, thank you for posting this video! 👏

[@clon76]

It serves both purposes. Heavy water is also often used

[@RohanSingh-lh6yb]

@@clon76 Ya heavy water is used as a coolant ,sometimes liquid sodium is also used.

[@Trainman10715]

only in these types of reactors though, older types used graphite to moderate the neutrons such as the british AGR and the soviet RBMK

[@bigrobmartin1998]

Great explanation. Concise and clean. Good on ya!

[@andrewcruz1931]

Everything you need to know in four minutes, well done !

[@GauravJain-ty6bc]

what a video dear ,really wonderful . precise and that rubber band explanation for splitting of atom was too good

[@leerman22]

A Solar Power Plant has been constructed on the premises, which went into operation on June 25, 2009. After completion, 1000 solar panels on the site provided approximately 180 MWh of electricity per year. In comparison, the nuclear power plant could theoretically have produced up to 5,455,728 MWh of electricity per year (assuming a 90% capacity factor). What the hell Austria?

[@christinesavage725]

"Spoons on a spindle!" Best description of a turbine I have ever heard.

[@sloo6425]

It also explains a few key weak points of water based pressure reactors. from solid to gas formation in uranium fuel rods, only a small percentage of uranium is usable after a run & rods have to be shifted & checked for integrity, you need to keep it cooled & running properly to prevent overheating & blow off/meltdown with multiple redundancies. A LFTR will not have any of those issues.

[@jbw5485]

Siong Loo only roughly 1/3 of the fuel is "new fuel" after a refueling outage. the other 2/3 is reused and reorganized in the reactor to run another 18 months to 2 years. at least at the plant I work at

[@jamesraj6531]

So less time you explained it in so easy to understand way....better than I ever heard in 25 years. Thanks

[@rolfieboy1]

I’ve watched countless of videos forcing me to understand how Nuclear Fission works, and what causes the Atoms to release energy. And here you are, after i’ve become a self proclaimed genius. With your easy rubber-band explanation..telling it in a way that most people understand.. where were you acouple months back? I could really need you back then.

[@mikejackson19828]

Quality, not quantity. Great video!

[@Bikewithlove]

If I'm not mistaken, I think the 'water' he's talking about; the water that passes through the reactor, which also contains the atoms that set off the nuclear reaction, is something called 'heavy water,' which is basically regular water that has been refined by electrolysis all the way down to almost 100% *deuterium oxide.*

[@ronhaworth5808]

Nearly all commercial nuclear power plants only use "light water" or regular water as a moderator. That is all that's required for 3-5% grade U-235 fuel. Breeder reactors, like the types used to produce weapons grade plutonium use heavy water because it enhances the neutron absorption rate of U-238 in the fuel which converts into PU-239. Heavy water reactors also require a much higher U-235 percentage in the fuel, usually around 20%. Heavy water reactors are simply too expensive to be viable for commercial power production and can be used to make material for bomb making too easily.

[@Bikewithlove]

Ronald Haworth - Thank you, that makes sense because of the resources needed to make a large enough volume of heavy water. That was a nice a-ha moment :)

[@nfinnnn]

Bikewithlove actually Ronald Haworth is completely wrong. There are in fact heavy water commercial reactors. Ever heard of CANDUs? They work on natural uranium (0,72% U-235) Heavy water alone does not increase neutron absortion in U-238.

[@ronhaworth5808]

I think the CANDUS plant is the only commercial plant that uses heavy water. More of the experimental plant actually.

[@Bikewithlove]

Enfin Punto - Thank you for your post, I checked out the CANDU reactor, and it does use heavy water, plus it recycles different kinds of fuel so the 'nukes go in but they don't go out' so to speak. I never heard of them before, so it was cool to find out. Ronald Howarth is generally correct though, because the difference between a bomb maker and a power generator is the heavy water, or the lack thereof, respectively. According to what I read, CANDU reactors are strictly regulated against any potentiality for bomb making, so they're a special exception for heavy water. I think I've got that right, let me know...

[@peterzingler6221]

Extreme simple description of how it works. Very good

[@Alta1r135]

Very well explained

[@fredriksvard2603]

300 degrees celsius would be the least of your problems lol

[@magicstix0r]

Well, you'd drown first, but the heat would kill you before the radiation...

[@goatboytone1]

How do you initially separate the neutron and how do you fire it into the uranium. I have a vision of a scientist loading neutrons into a pea shooter with a tiny pair of tweezers.

[@namechamps]

goatboytone1 Uranium is constantly undergoing spontaneous fission. Inside the reactor there are control rods made out of metals which absorbs neutrons and when they are in place the reactor is "off" it absorbs the neutrons and prevents it from going critical. So to make the reactor "start" all they need to do is (partially) remove the control rods and the first spontaneous fission kicks off the self sustaining chain reaction. To speed up or slow down the reaction the control rods can be adjusted and to halt the fission for refueling, maintenance, or in an emergency the control rods are inserted fully absorbing all the neutrons and preventing the chain reaction.

[@sciencetroll3208]

+Gerald Davis You just got more things right than the twerp who made the clip.

[@ATSucks1]

+Gerald Davis in the end, it is still just a steam engine, the same result could be accomplished using fresnel or coal each with its own drawbacks. we could be using vertical turbines or river turbines but nations need nukes so we all keep a well stocked nuclear supply in the form of nuclear powerplants.

[@TheBrownsberg]

+goatboytone1 Because the can not split the atom, because there are no atoms. Look up pictures of Atoms, Viruses, GMO, DNA. All you get is pictures, cartoons, and fabricated CGI (computer generated images). Do not believe me, just look in to it.

[@goatboytone1]

Klaas Batema So your theory is that anything that cannot be viewed on the internet is made up?

[@nharlow_4303]

So my only question is this: Where does that first neutron come from?

[@boycotgugle3040]

+Nathan Harlow Spontaneous decay. Uranium atoms are radioactive, in addition to fissable (two different concepts) after all.

[@vinayKumar-bt8pr]

Hat's off to u r presentation brother, I just got the whole process in under a minute by your high tech explanation.

[@Waldemarvonanhalt]

I'm glad to hear about the recent moves by Rolls-Royce to start manufacturing SMRs and the UK government's plans to expand the NPP fleet. Energy density and reliability factor can't be beaten or ignored.

[@Coppertunes]

Stop sweating about the lack of protective clothing !! Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant, although fully built never went into operation, it was decommissioned without turning a turbine.

[@sarajitsen2351]

Legasov: if you were not in the reactor room where were you? Dyatlov: In the toilet.

[@seijurohiko168]

Now tell me.. How does an RBMK reactor explode?

[@sniperplays6616]

Reactors don’t normally explode in the way, say a bomb would. reactors fail in a “meltdown” where the fuel rods are so damn hot they melt themselves destroying their containment chambers. In the case of Chernobyl, a steam pressure buildup in the reactor caused by a meltdown in said reactor was violently released in an explosion blowing the roof away releasing radiation and toxic material as well as causing a fire

[@yorkshirelad3133]

the brilliant minds who worked all this out, I salute you

[@Idk123-ahahahhahahahad]

This really helped with my understanding of nuclear reactor cores as a GCSE student!! Many thanks BBC!!! :))

[@TheGreatSeraphim]

What bothers me is we're still using water as the conversion between atomic energy and electricity. Seems like we've made no attempt to get beyond water spinning a turbine to spin a generator. Nuclear reaction to electrical power conversion rate using water is only about 1% efficiency. Thats a huge waste.

[@lophilip]

It's way more efficient then 1%. Steam turbines are 60% efficient, whereas your car engine is about 25% efficient. But who cares about efficiency: what matters is $/MW, initial cost, total power generated, and environmental impact.

[@SaturnineXTS]

Fusion power when it's done will likely try direct conversion, which should be over 80% efficient, but that's a long ways off.

[@albertrogers8537]

Dear Seraph, (or are you really plural?) Pardon me for that, but "Nuclear reaction to electrical power conversion rate using water is only about 1% efficiency" is not because of the use of steam turbines. You are about right with respect to the quantity of energy in the uranium, that is still there in the stuff we propose to throw away, and also in the fact that water is part of the problem. Alvin Weinberg, before 1970, created (at least) two nuclear reactor designs. The tame one is probably the most efficient in common use today, the Pressurised Water Reactor (PWR). It moderates the high energy neutrons from fission,, using the hydrogen atoms of H2O. The "strong" nuclear force gets more time to capture a neutron if it's not moving too fast, so a concentration of 3.6% fissile U-235 in the uranium fuel rods (actually, uranium oxide) is enough to sustain a chain reaction for two or three years. The trouble is that even although there is still fissile fuel enough in rods that have "burned" for that long, (a) we don't do it in the USA, and (b) "neutron poisons" which uselessly consume neutronsbuild up even if we did. One answer is, to use a higher concentration (way below bomb grade), fast neutrons, and no .moderator. Properly designed, this will convert the (thermally) non-fissile U-239 into Pu-239, and it is possible to do so for two or three decades at a rate that sustains the same level of enrichment as at the beginning, If you search the web for IFR Charles Hill Frontline, or visit arcnuclear.com, you will find reports of a far more efficient proposed use of uranium, a breeder reactor.

[@alanbrown397]

Philip Lo The temperature of current nuclear reactors is held down to try and ease metal erosion problems and not melt the rods holding the fuel. which means that thermodynamic efficiency is nowhere near 60% (which by the way is the efficiency of a good co-generation plant - gas turbine followed by boilers driven off the exhaust) Water is entirely the _wrong_ substance to be in a nuke's primary cooling loop - at high temperature and pressure it's extremely corrosive and if the cooling fails, temperatures will climb to ~1000C, leading to the molecules disassociating to hydrogen+oxygen - it was vented hydrogen held inside the buildings to try and reduce its radioactivity which exploded and blew the tops off the fukushima plants. Couple that with the water dissolving metals inside the reactor and subsequently carrying various radionucleides and bearing in mind that that at the temperatures/pressures concerned it will flash to more than 1000 times its contained volume, it's easy to imagine a water-cooled nuke plant as a bottled up dirty bomb. There _are_ better ways to build nuke power plants (proof of concepts built and run in the 1960s, producing 7MW - unpressurised and running at 700C, with safe excursions possible to 1100C), but USA research on them was shut down in the early 1970s because such plants couldn't easily produce weapons-grade plutonium. That research has only started getting going again since 2008. Car engines are 25% efficient _at best_ - which is at optimal load and speed. The rest of the time the efficiency ranges form 1-5% (or 0% if idling). All that complex gubbins around them is mostly to reduce pollution at varying power outputs, not increase efficiency.

[@misterfaosfx]

The secret is, WE ALREADY HAVE FREE ENERGY!!! For example, if you have a river and a waterfall......water is constantly falling right? So your using the falling force of water by gravity to drive a turbine which, in turn creates electricity but once this water falls, it evaporates, rains back down and the cycle starts over......FREE ENERGY for US that IS because the evaporation of water is done by the sun, so you can pretty much say that the world runs on NUCLEAR POWER, the SUNS POWER. People say there is no such thing as FREE energy but there is.......we don't pay the sun money to use it's energy, its FREE it's already there. It's just that the governments want to control everything......you even have to pay yearly taxes if you have solar panels at the top of your house........the government will NOT and I repeat will NOT let you get away with having FREE SOLAR POWER ALL TO YOURSELF...... If you design anything that runs on something the government can't profit from.......they will KILL YOU.

[@deltaprimal8127]

3.6 Roentgen isn't like getting 1 chest x-ray, it's like 40

[@adithyam6479]

400*

[@KevinWakliFitness]

Forbidden Jacuzzi

[@xcross8537]

Very interesting topic, can you make it longer ?

[@doggo3354]

Thanks bro. A vid FINALLY explains how it works.

[@highvoltagefeathers]

How big are the spoons in a real nuclear power plant... They must be enormous...

[@tommygunn2457]

Hahaha.did u write that one?

[@3vimages471]

Kindly tell me Professor 'how can an RBMK reactor explode?' Vasily …… 'I am not prepared to tell you at this time' RBMK reactor …………. 'hold my vodka'

[@xygomorphic44]

0:08 It just boils down to this I see what you did there

[@a.3160]

U must really stink

[@tensevo]

Epic description and presentation, very concise and clear.

[@mikedrill783]

Nuclear energy is fascinating It's so efficient and clean when done right

[@Maarttiin]

Have you seen graphite on the roof?

[@ReegyDee]

Has a nuclear reactor in process ever been caught on film? Maybe the radiation would prevent it but is there film of the actual rods in use?

[@leerman22]

+Regan Daly It would probably look like someone took an x-ray of nothing (if taken from within the reactor). I'm not sure how CCD's would work. In the fukushima plant the reactor was off but white spots appeared on the robot's CCD camera.

[@DanBowkley]

+Regan Daly Yup. It gives off a really pretty blue glow. kzbin.info/www/bejne/o5ixqKebpbVgbK8

[@web-wm7bo]

you are able to see a blue glow from freshly irradiated materials, provided you are looking through water. this is from radiation being affected by the much greater density of water compared to air (radiation and neutrons are not visible in air). because most reactors moderate w water, colour video inside a critical core would likely be a super cool blue colour, like dr manhattan in the watchmen =)

[@meteor8076]

do you know a camera model which can survive at 3k degrees celsius ?

[@ReegyDee]

I haven't thought to ask them

[@IggyAndroid]

Why is footage from inside a nuclear reactor 90% close up shot of this guy talking? Lame.

[@harinderjeetsinghtiwana]

to stop someone from copying the design

[@IggyAndroid]

So why even bother doing it inside a reactor core? More of a rhetorical question? Doesn't require an answer. I see many non native English speakers giving serious answers to rhetorical questions.

[@puncheex2]

@@IggyAndroid : Quora.com has built a business around just that.

[@GabrielMeneghetti]

I know It's propably a dumb question, but, how is the netron formed and "shot" in the uraniun?

[@puncheex2]

Neutrons are found inside the nucleus of all atoms excepting hydrogen. Due to trace quantity fissile materials found in most everything, there is always a few floating around. That suffices for most uses. In bombs where they're needed on demand, tiny cyclotrons do the job.

[@pppukkie1185]

thank you for good and clear explanation

[@el_vee_ee]

the fine bros don't approve of this video

[@adityashenoy8927]

they are soon going shut down all nuclear reactors.

[@christopherrankin1468]

Oh God it took me a few seconds to get this

[@boxingbox5649]

3.6 Roentgen... Not Great...Not Terrible

[@DJURBANBG]

now i can finally build my nuclear reactor !

[@3vimages471]

Need some Uranium 235? I enriched a few kilos this morning.

[@ICauseHavoc3000]

This guy explained something that I've done research for over 3 months in just a few secs

[@Cuzzazbuzz]

Ah, I remember when the BBC was a channel you used to enjoy watching that was without an agenda or ideology. I can’t remember the last time any of our house watched anything by them.

[@weakpig]

so what happens when you take water out of the equation of a nuclear power plant that has gone critical? It'll cause a meltdown, yes I know, but how does it do that exactly? This video is too short... It just feeds us with bits of info and leaves us dangling. I wish it were longer...

[@TwentytenS4B8]

The water not only creates steam, but it cools the reactor core. With no water, the core would heat up from the fissioning of the Uranium atoms to a point where it begins to melt.( Splitting atoms creates an enormous amount of heat, as well as energy.) At this point, the molten Uranium and it's cladding ( The metal that covers the fuel rods.) forms a lava that eventually burns through the bottom of the reactor vessel and assimilating anything it touches including concrete. The molten lava is called "corium." It is so highly radioactive that just three minutes of exposure will kill an average human being. The Corium from the Chernobyl disaster was emitting 10,000 Roentgens per hour. Not the kind of thing you want to be anywhere near.

[@LaxRocks123]

04Interc3ptorP71 there's a video on KZbin about it if you're more interested in learning more. It's made by Zepherous and it's actually really interesting to see and learn about, it's called the "elephant's foot".

[@jaymur001]

There's what's called a negative void coefficient. So when you produce void (aka vaacum, air, or steam bubbles), adding negative reactivity, and the power level will decrease because the neutron population will decrease. The temperature will also increase, and because US reactors (and most, but not Chernobyl, an RMBK reactor... they have since been modified), are overmoderated, by increasing the temperature, you are adding more negative reactivity, again decreasing neutron population and therefore power. All of this means your reactor will shut down automatically. BUT because it's a nuclear reactor and not a coal boiler, you still have radioactive fission products with short half lives that will throw off radiation. Immediately after shutdown you still produce ~7.5% of whatever power you were previously producing. This will decay exponentially. So what you have to cool is that decay heat. Furthermore, if it were to melt, you mess up the geometry and again add more negative reactivity, so there's little chance of it ever going critical again. Look up a LOCA (loss of coolant accident), it's exactly what you're asking about, and is a design basis scenario. All reactors everywhere have simulations saying what would happen (and what would be done), if there was a LOCA. Essentially, you start the ECCS, an emergency coolant system, and that takes away the decay heat so the core doesn't melt.

[@puncheex2]

In a light water reactor, if the water is withdrawn, first it shuts down the fission reaction, because the water is moderator. Without that, insufficient of the neutrons have the right amount of energy for capture. The second function of the water is for cooling the rods and transferring their energy to the generators. So the generators shutdown, and then the heat cased by decay of the fission products in the fuel rods mount until the pellets melt. Temperatures continue rising, and eventually the zirconium sheathes breach. The uranium is already an oxide, so it cannot chemically burn, but it gets hot enough to cause the zirconium to react with water, oxidizing it and releasing hydrogen. The hydrogen is an explosive danger, if it can get to oxygen in the air and an ignition source. The molten uranium is much hotter than its own melting point, so hot it can melt some of the minerals in concrete, copper wiring and all manner of stuff it reaches. It is called "corium" in this state, and like any liquid will melt most anything in its path downward. Slowly the decay heat will subside, or the corium will reach a material which splits it up, increasing its surface area and make it loose heat faster, and it will solidify there. 200 tons of rector innards hewed through the steel of the reactor bottom and flowed into the basements below the Chernobyl rector, creating the "elephant's foot".

[@davidtx8777]

IT GETS TO HOT AND MELTS! NOT A DIFFICLT CONCEPT TO UNDERSTAND!

[@s.p.9550]

is this RBMK Reactor...? Don't worry mate... it's safe because RBMK Reactor never explodes !!

[@3vimages471]

RBMK reactor replies ……. 'hold my vodka'.

[@rayyL95]

anybody else end up here at 4:50 am

[@driverthree3454]

4:55 am lol ffs

[@MattFoleysGhost]

Holy shit this is next level teaching. I've been binging Chernobyl related vids all day and he explains nuclear fusion better than anything I've seen.

[@szabolcsmurath]

*fission

[@thorstenbenner483]

Hmmm. Was this filmed in Zwentendorf in Austria? I’ve been there, standing on the lower core grid, watching a control rod being inserted....

[@hiro9253]

i guess its 3.6 roentgen there when not active. Not great, not terrible. :p

[@richardmillhousenixon]

Its not 3.6 roentgen... Its 15,000.