IPv6 Addresses Explained

[@jonathanrealman8415]

I love that you are slowly making the "So you started working in IT and didn't know what you get your self into" playlist.

[@wevii9043]

He really needs to make this a playlist

[@gickygackers]

@@wevii9043working in IT was the worst decision i made. nobody uses arch!!

[@moncoeur6296]

@@gickygackers I think you're wrong. I am using arch btw

[@gickygackers]

@@moncoeur6296 i made much more money driving trucks, and nobody uses arch lol

[@moncoeur6296]

@@gickygackers As a new guy in the field I use Ubuntu to get into Linux. Deploy the pitchforks

[@flynntaggart8549]

2000: ipv6 is the future! 2010: ipv6 is the future! 2020: ipv6 is the future!

[@grugiv]

companies: NAT interested

[@chechecole5905]

We really don't want to let go.

[@ArsenGaming]

@@chechecole5905 understandably, it would be near impossible to memorize ipv6 IPs

[@goddessesstartrekonlinefle3061]

As long as people want privacy, they want IPv4. IPv6 was designed to solve the problem you mention, but one of the main reasons it never took off is because the government mandated that the security and tracing portion of IPv6 (which was optional in the original specification) is manditory under law. You can't turn off IPv6 in Windows versions post XP, which is because its a legal requirement and part of the governments strategy. If your trusting its part of the drive for internet law enforcement and user security, if your a realist it makes it way easier for the NSA/CIA and China to make damn sure they can quickly identify whomever is doing whatever they don't care to happen. Therefore, anyone who cares about freedom cares to obstruct IPv6 (though current laws is all modern networking hardward is legally oblidged to implement it). In the end, Government will win of course, its inevitable, but maybe for our generation we will have true privacy available till we die. Well, as far as the IPv4 network reached, and often IPv4 is implemented as IPv4 over IPv6 so, where probably already screwed. Living the Orwell future!

[@zesta77]

@@goddessesstartrekonlinefle3061 What are you talking about? There is nothing in IPv6 that enables any more matching of IP to real user than what IPv4 provides. The only difference is that a typical residential connection has only a single IPv4 address, but a subnet block pf IPv6. Either way, it can be traced to you via your ISP.

[@A432Hz]

ipv6 isnt gonna run out for a long time but man ipv4 addresses are so much easier to say/write

[@diegodanteplays5373]

To my understanding IPv4 is translated to IPv6 or dynamically allocated most of the time. Most networks aren't 100% IPv6 or 100% manually set up.

[@FireWyvern870]

@@diegodanteplays5373 dual-stack?

[@yokowasis]

you could shorten ipv6 as well, to the point, as easy as ipv4.

[@KapengBarakoTheReal]

@@yokowasis and subnetting on ipv6 is much much easier lol

[@James_Knott]

@@diegodanteplays5373 Cell phones often use 464XLAT to provide IPv4 over IPv6. IIRC, IPv6 is mandatory for 4G and later.

[@No-uc6fg]

In the future, the gray goo will stop after eating 40% of the world because they were using ipv6 instead of ipv8.

[@thetrueinferno7993]

Would make for a good 'war of the worlds' style movie imo

[@khai96x]

IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) would have been named IPv5 if not for possible confusion/incompatibility with the Streaming Protocol. The `v4` and `v6` have nothing to do with number of bytes.

[@justinforseth]

A fellow xkcd fan I see

[@No-uc6fg]

@@justinforseth Someone who got the joke. Good.

[@aviddavid8793]

256 bit?

[@jhoughjr1]

future of the internet. been hearing that for like 20 years nearly

[@NicholasHenkey]

IPV6, for when your botnet just isn't big enough

[@2dozen22s]

Just as another point of reference for the shear scale of the ipv6 address space, every single transistor manufactured by humankind could be given an ipv6 address allocation *equal to the entire ipv4 address space* with plenty to spare. 5.6e+22 < 3.4e+38

[@mrlongschlong4370]

So transistors are those those little things in my gpu and cpu right? And they have like trillions of this?

[@James_Knott]

There are enough Global Unique Addresses to give every single person on earth over 4000 /48 prefixes each! A single /64, which is what you'd find on a LAN, has as many addresses as the entire IPv4 address space squared.

[@Andrew-jh2bn]

Seeing some of the comments in this thread, I though I would post some other useful information. A network interface will usually have 3 addresses assigned to it. There's link local, starting with fe80. This is only used to reach devices on the same lan. Then there will be two global addresses, with one being marked "temporary." The temporary one will change from time to time and is used for all outgoing requests to the internet. This makes it harder for the outside world to know the topology of your lan. Use the one that isn't marked temporary if you want to reach it from another device. If your internet service provider uses dynamic addressing, then even the address that isn't marked temporary can change. In IP v6 there is no NAT. This means that if your service provider gives you a new prefix (the first 64 bits of an address), then every device on your network will automatically configure the new address. If you want addresses that you control, you could use something like ULA addresses. These are similar to the concept of a private address, but it's slightly different. When using ULA, devices could have up to five addresses: one link local, two addresses generated based on the isp prefix ( temporary and not temporary), and two generated from the ULA prefix (again, temporary and not temporary) Link local addresses are kind of special. Each interface (or ethernet port/wifi card) is considered a different link domain. This means each interface gets it's own link local address, and it's possible that they are the same. That is why they add a link identifier, something like %a8. Regarding concerns about ssh being open to the internet, yes, it is possible that the device would accept incoming ssh sessions. This all depends on the firewall settings of your router and the device. The current status quo tends to conflate the purposes of NAT and firewalls, but in reality you can have a firewall without NAT. And NAT alone does NOT mean a device is secured from the internet. many v6 routers will block incoming packets without established connections by default, but your mileage may vary.

[@default_user_exe]

Thank you! Very helpful

[@James_Knott]

Vint Cerf, one of the inventors of TCP/IP never expected 32 bit addresses to be used in production. He only used it for demonstration purposes and expected the final product to have much longer addresses. However, IPv4 escaped into the real world and we've been stuck with it ever since.

[@buddinglearner7085]

yeah probably becuase he did not image nat

[@iristhepuppygirl]

really useful video. im revising for the CCNA and this video really helped me understand IPv6 which i was having troubles with before

[@azuudaioh]

We now have more IPs than stars in the universe. How far we've come.

[@Jake1702]

Well, not exactly

[@obnoxiouslisper1548]

How many starts are in the universe then

[@williambabin7350]

Probably not there are hundreds of billions of stars in our galaxy and there are billions of galaxies

[@carrion1234]

@@williambabin7350 hundreds of billions of billions? them's rookie numbers. we're talking 340282366920938463463374607431768211456 here.

[@Maebbie]

1:50 they are coming for you

[@cogspace]

2:31 Actually, the name "hextets" comes from the fact that they are 16 bits each. Same reason for "octets", which are 8 bits.

[@BrianG61UK]

But oct does mean 8, while hex means 6 not 16.

[@gljames24]

Shouldn't that be hexidecitets?

[@EpicTyphlosionTV]

In 20 years people will finally memorize how they work like IPV4... and then IPV7 will come out

[@FireWyvern870]

It won't though, since it would be suffice for hundreds of years

[@laszu7137]

I've heard someone already designed IPv8, although it sounds a little esoteric, as the number of adresses is ^5.

[@harrychufan]

@@laszu7137 it’s also magnitudes smaller than ipv6

[@maisatanel]

protocol 7

[@Jake1702]

IPV69

[@overlisted]

"IPv6 is the future of the internet" literally the same was said back in the 90s, but not everyone is using ipv6 even to this day

[@Dac_DT_MKD]

In my country(N.Macedonia): IPV4, take it or leave it.

[@DieBlaueAgnes]

IPv6 deployment only really started in 2011. Nowadays we're at over 40% globally.

[@enemyspotted9489]

I swear to god you’re carrying me through some subjects with these videos

[@WillieMatthews]

That is a great video. Broke down the whole setup of IPV6 for me. I just kept ignoring it till this video showed up on my phone.

[@stephengnb]

This is why thumbnails are important. Out of all the videos in my search, this is the one I clicked on because of the big kitty and little kitty. I love me some kitties!

[@Zeknix]

I remember when we first got a router. Early days of cable, late 90s for me. The ISP actually threatened to charge anyone a fee if they could prove there were more computers behind the routers than were allowed on the contract. Funny how that language disappeared from future contracts. I'm guessing the limitations of IPv4 was temporarily solved with NAT routers.

[@James_Knott]

NAT also causes problems, such as breaking protocols. Back in the late 90s, it broke FTP, before passive mode was commonly available. These days, it's things like VoIP and some games, which have to use a STUN server to work.

[@c.n.crowther438]

I love this channel. I learn so much stuff here without someone telling me to download some game or other.

[@applemarkwantsvids]

These visual snippits into your brain are awesome... LOVE the Gentoo stuff, as you mastery and command of the subject matter you are speaking about at any given time is beyond impressive. Thank you for ALL that you do.

[@psymantz]

For those wondering, 2001:DB8::/32 used in this video is the documentation prefix for IPv6.

[@algj]

I wish my ISP would supply IPv6 address. Yesterday I messaged most popular mobile ISPs in my country (Lithuania, Europe), one just said "Hello, no.", other gave a longer reply that basically says they don't. And today I saw this video.

[@mmm19981]

My teachers didnt explain me this as good as you did in this video lmao

[@Zeloverevolution]

In Australia on 4g, still running IPv4. Our "NBN" on the other hand does use IPv6 with certain ISPs.

[@BrianG61UK]

Same in England.

[@James_Knott]

IPv6 is mandatory for 4G and later. However, that doesn't stop a cell carrier from allowing only IPv4 for customer traffic. 464XLAT is used to carry IPv4 over IPv6.

[@James_Knott]

@@BrianG61UK And both your countries drive on the wrong side of the road! 🙂

[@BrianG61UK]

@@James_Knott What was your first sentence meant to say? As it is now it's just redundant and lacking meaning.

[@James_Knott]

@@BrianG61UK Sorry, typo. Corrected. tnx

[@nas73603]

Great video... Always found ipv6 confusing... Only prob about it is that it's such a hassle of remembering ipv6 addresses as to ipv4, thx for the video though.

[@tulsatrash]

All right! The IPv6 video has been made!

[@notreallyasloth]

Thank you so much for this video 🥰 ipv6 has been really confusing me recently and I tried watching a bunch of videos and tutorials but it still did not make sense until you highlighted the core thing that a lot were leaving out or just not even mentioning which is that ipv6 doesn’t need a nat so each device gets its own public ip. Which besides for the syntax changes is a huge difference. I’m so used to the router holding the only public ip on the internet with ipv4 so yeah anyway thank you I’m starting to understand this now.

[@pvc988]

I've never seen native IPv6 network in use outside of a networking lab yet.

[@BrianG61UK]

What do you mean by "native IPv6 network"? Dual stack (IPv4 and IPv6 so you can use either) is quite common. IPv6 without IPv4 is less common because so much is still only accessible via IPv4 and while you can use, for example, NAT64 with DNS64 to make it accessible via IPv6 this does not work perfectly with all protocols.

[@pvc988]

@@BrianG61UK I am talking about anything that's not IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel.

[@BrianG61UK]

@@pvc988 Oh well. That's pretty common. My ISP here in my flat (condo) gives me one public IPv4 and a /48 IPv6. Both are proper connections straight out to the internet with an MTU of 1500. There isn't huge amounts of stuff out there accessible via IPv6 but quite a bit is. Since IPv6 is preferred over IPv4 by most OSs I stream KZbin and Netflix via IPv6 on my PCs.

[@pvc988]

​@@BrianG61UK That's completely different in my area. Here we are drowning under layers upon layers of NAT, port forwarding and tunneling. Getting static, public IPv4 address is difficult and costly (some ISPs don't even offer such thing). And getting IPv6 in non-corporate environment is next to impossible. Mobile ISPs are beginning to adopt IPv6 but rather slowly. And most mobile providers have these silly data limits.

[@James_Knott]

I've had one here for almost 13 years. Also, check your cell phone. If it's 4G or later, it's running IPv6. My ISP has been providing native IPv6 for over 7 years and via tunnel before that.

[@AlejandroRodolfoMendez]

Cool video. The fact that carriers uses ipv6 its interesting.

[@James_Knott]

IPv6 is mandatory for 4G and later. Carriers found there weren't enough IPv4 addresses to properly manage their networks.

[@AlejandroRodolfoMendez]

@@James_Knott you will be surprised how many isp still uses ip v4. But agree it's better if phone carriers use ipv6 by default.

[@James_Knott]

@@AlejandroRodolfoMendez It's not only better for cell phones, it's mandatory. However, some carriers only allow users to use IPv4.

[@AlejandroRodolfoMendez]

@@James_Knott old devices uses but not every part of the world implements ipv6 as mandatory

[@James_Knott]

@@AlejandroRodolfoMendez From RFC7066: "As the deployment of third and fourth generation cellular networks progresses, a large number of cellular hosts are being connected to the Internet. Standardization organizations have made the Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) mandatory in their specifications. However, the concept of IPv6 covers many aspects and numerous specifications. In addition, the characteristics of cellular links in terms of bandwidth, cost, and delay put special requirements on how IPv6 is used. This document considers IPv6 for cellular hosts that attach to the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), or Evolved Packet System (EPS) networks (hereafter collectively referred to as Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) networks). This document also lists specific IPv6 functionalities that need to be implemented in addition to what is already prescribed in the IPv6 Node Requirements document (RFC 6434). It also discusses some issues related to the use of these components when operating in these networks. This document obsoletes RFC 3316." IPv6 is mandatory for the 4G and later cell networks, but a carrier may make only IPv4 available to customers.

[@mathyoooo2]

I no longer have an ipv4 adress and I hate it because I can't figure out how to do port forwarding on ipv6

[@Andrew-jh2bn]

In ipv6 there is no "port forwarding" because each device has it's own globally unique address. You probably just need to add a firewall rule to let through whatever packets you need.

[@711darkside]

It's no longer port forwarding with IPv6, it's just port opening.

[@Arctic740]

I can help you one on one if you can't figure it out, shoot me an email if your want

[@紺野-純子]

@@711darkside does ipv6 address works as a domain? Like ipv4

[@vladislavkaras491]

Great introduction video. Thanks!

[@slavko5666]

Talk about single GPU passtrough on Gentoo.

[@air2158]

It really doesn't vary between distros. It's just depends what desktop environment, display manager and gpu your using (although there can be caviats with each configuration ). There are a lot of scripts that can be found online for single gpu passthrough

[@kot3405]

@@air2158 can you link some?

[@slavko5666]

@@air2158 Ik that it doesn't vary between distros, but the package names sometimes vary. I've found a reddit post that shared scripts for creating a vm and they used Gentoo as a hypervisor, and was able to boot into Windows from grub using one GPU. But when I share the link here, YT shadow hides the comment. The reddit post is on /r/gentoo and the title is "gentoo single gpu vfio passthrough scripts".

[@CircaSriYak]

@@slavko5666 What is the brass tacks utility of this though? I'm an intermediate Linux user.

[@slavko5666]

@@CircaSriYak I want to dual boot Windows 10 and Gentoo. But there are two problems. When Windows 10 gets an update, it sometimes breaks/deletes your GRUB so you can't boot into your Linux distro without fixing GRUB. Next problem is that Windows could in theory infect your Linux distro if the Linux partition isn't encrypted. If a virus performs admin escalation on Windows, they could plant a virus in your Linux install. But if I run Windows as a VM, and use Gentoo (or any other distro/OS) as a hypervisor, I could isolate Windows from the computer's bare metal.

[@ntb3884]

wtf are these comments?? Why is everyone complaining about not being able to memorize IPv6 compared to iPv4? What an insane none issue that makes me cringe thinking people care so much about something so stupid. Its like how people complained about area codes for phone numbers.... It's either add more numbers to support the increase of population and phone users or just cutting the phone lines and closing up shop.

[@rafradeki]

IPv6 is so futuristic that my isp does not even provide it

[@captainfraser3827]

And yet the standard is almost 2 decades old

[@ChitChat]

I like to use this: There are enough IPv6 addresses for everyone on the planet to have over 2.3 billion addresses each just for themselves. And that's only using half of the address space which is 64-bits.

[@lemonsh]

but what if we connect aliens to the network as well

[@linuxatheist5361]

Just wait until every nanobot has it's own IP, then we'll see just how good IPv6 really is...

[@ChitChat]

@@linuxatheist5361 Omg I had the same idea LMFAO. Nanobots will definitely take all the IPv6 space.

[@lemonsh]

@@tatsumara i dont think you understand how obscenely massive this alien civilization is. we could probably add thousands of new planets to the solar system and we would still not have enough space for them to live.

[@2dozen22s]

@@linuxatheist5361 Every single transistor manufactured by humankind could be given an ipv6 address allocation *equal to the entire ipv4 address space* with plenty to spare. So nanobots are gonna have it easy finding addresses. 5.6e+22 < 3.4e+38

[@КонстантинАктыбаев]

I think ipv4 is to some extent responsible for centralization of the internet and low popularity of self-hosted software. Imagine if everyone could set up his own server on his old laptop or pc and use it for games, cloud storage, etc. It's possible right now if you have a public ip, but many people are behind a carrier grade NAT and don't even have an option to buy a public ip from their ISP.

[@rjhornsby]

Would very much like to understand more. Most of the interwebs docs I can find are very basic, or extremely technical. Kinds of Qs - The output of ‘ifconfig’ (I’m old school, don’t hate) wrt ipv6 - why so many addresses listed? “secure” vs “temporary”? If I want to talk to another device on my LAN, which v6 address am I supposed to use as the destination? Some of the ifconfig listed addresses change - often. I assume it’s something with “temporary” - but how the heck to keep track for DNS, and generally? Why do some addresses end in the interface name like %en0 and is that supposed to be part of the address? If ie an ssh server is “protected” behind an ipv4 NAT, but ipv6 is enabled/working does that expose ssh to the interwebs?

[@Andrew-jh2bn]

1/3 A network interface will usually have 3 addresses assigned to it. There's link local, starting with fe80. This is only used to reach devices on the same lan. Then there will be two global addresses, with one being marked "temporary." The temporary one will change from time to time and is used for all outgoing requests to the internet. This makes it harder for the outside world to know the topology of your lan. Use the one that isn't marked temporary if you want to reach it from another device. Secure might mean the address was generated using the "security extension." Basically the second half of the address is generated randomly. In earlier versions of the protocol, the last 64 bits of the address were always the same no matter where the device was on the internet. It was changed because of concerns about tracking mobile phones.

[@Andrew-jh2bn]

2/3 If your internet service provider uses dynamic addressing, then even the address that isn't marked temporary can change. In IP v6 there is no NAT. This means that if your service provider gives you a new prefix (the first 64 bits of an address), then every device on your network will automatically configure the new address. If you want addresses that you control, you could use something like ULA addresses. These are similar to the concept of a private address, but it's slightly different. When using ULA, devices could have up to five addresses: one link local, two addresses generated based on the isp prefix ( temporary and not temporary), and two generated from the ULA prefix (again, temporary and not temporary)

[@Andrew-jh2bn]

3/3 Link local addresses are kind of special. Each interface (or ethernet port/wifi card) is considered a different link domain. This means each interface gets it's own link local address, and it's possible that they are the same. That is why they add a link identifier, something like %a8. Regarding concerns about ssh being open to the internet, yes, it is possible that the device would accept incoming ssh sessions. This all depends on the firewall settings of your router and the device. The current status quo tends to conflate the purposes of NAT and firewalls, but in reality you can have a firewall without NAT. And NAT alone does NOT mean a device is secured from the internet. many v6 routers will block incoming packets without established connections by default, but your mileage may vary.

[@alexdub37]

@@Andrew-jh2bn thank you

[@glitchysoup6322]

1:50 police sirens. You are rip

[@jacobleo3326]

Nixe video, easy to understand!

[@Calajese]

"With IPv6 it is unlikely that we will start to run out(of ips)" Yeah we will have enough until India becomes a "superpower"

[@anname7373]

... Have you ever *talked* to someone in India? ... They have working toilets.

[@anname7373]

Alright, you're basing your entire argument off a strawman. You haven't talked to people in India, you haven't been to India.

[@James_Knott]

This is the first time I've heard IPSec pronounced that way. I've always heard "I" "P" "Sec".

[@pranupranav5563]

I love the thumbnail.

[@OnE61811301]

2022: ipv6 is the future :)

[@AntiWanted]

Nice

[@evandrofilipe1526]

looking forward to IPv69 In the year 100000

[@tacticalguy6473]

@@trp225 nah, in 2080 humans will be immortal

[@tacticalguy6473]

@@trp225 2080 is just an example, i do think in the future medical technology will reach a point where they will be capable of doing this, but actually using it is another story.

[@bradeagle7297]

I would love to see you do a video on DHTs!

[@industrialdonut7681]

3:10 I love how he says the D represents 13 in BASE 10 (not "in base 16") Like when people say... "Hola is hello, in Spanish".. except that no, it means hello in English.

[@CaimAstraea]

I had to stop my ipv6 in the router :(( stupid cheap VPN was leaking the IPv6 address lol but yea was a good deal for a lifetime subscription

[@sugaryhull9688]

There are ways to disable IPv6 at the device level

[@insanitycubed8832]

Were they expecting us to conquer the galaxy? 2^64(~18 sextillion) would have worked fine for everyone in a fully colonized solar system, and their targs. Actually this would make a lot more sense because you could write it pretty much like an ipv4 address exept in base 16 with 4 digits in each set, which all of the ipv4 addresses would nicely fit into with no alterations. You could even add those extra sets if you really want to.

[@Yggdrasil42]

They likely wanted to be prepared for unforseen leaps in technology. To prevent a situation like with IPv4. And seeing how hard it has been to get IPv6 rolled out I think they made the right choice. Plan for the unexpected so you don't have to do it again in any foreseeable timespan.

[@unicorn_tamer]

If all bacteria had 1.000.000 smartphones, we would still be able to give them ipv6 adresses and use less than 2% of them XD

[@weatheronthe8s895]

Well, neither my main cell phone provider nor my home internet have ipv6. Thanks Suddenlink and US Cellular for keeping me in the future. My Sprint iPad and Verizon MVNO backup phone both have it though.

[@James_Knott]

I bet your cell provider is using IPv6, but hiding it from you. IPv6 is mandatory for 4G and later.

[@nichijoufan]

Can you make a vid about ways to run android apk/apps on linux? i heard theres anbox and shashlik but i think both of them just emulate android rather than running it as a normal linux application.

[@PabloRodriguez-dw1oo]

Thank you for the vid, Mental. Do you have a Discord channel I could join? You're starting to make a bit of a community here!

[@catthebutcher9438]

2050: -Grandfather what are those simple 12digits numbers with points? -Sit down squirt, I am goind to tell you a beautiful story..

[@tubejim101]

Thank you.

[@glitchy_weasel]

Great video, but as somebody with minimal experience with IPv4, I still have a couple of questions about the transition to v6. I've heard that NAT is prohibited by IPv6. So I suppose that port forwarding doesn't exist in IPv6. So does this means that I can open a service, lets say a Apache server, in my laptop in my home network and the whole internet can connect to it without messing with firewalls/port forward? Can a client that still uses v4 connect to it? And what about if I want to block connections for security, is my home router the one in charge of creating firewall rules or is my laptop that is in charge?

[@Andrew-jh2bn]

It's more like port opening instead of port forwarding. Your router would most likely block incoming packets that aren't part of an established connection, so you would have to add a rule that explicitly allows inbound traffic to that port number. Also ipv6 and ipv4 are not really compatible. Devices using ipv6 almost always run in dual stack mode, meaning they use both types of addresses at the same time.

[@JellyMyst]

NAT64 allows for connections between IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, if I'm remembering my Cisco courses correctly. Look that up if you want to learn more.

[@jess-sch]

@@JellyMyst Importantly though, NAT64 allows an IPv6 address to reach any IPv4 address, but it can only allow IPv4 addresses to reach a select few IPv6 addresses.

[@James_Knott]

It could be used with IPv6, but there's no need to. The reason for NAT was the IPv4 address shortage. With IPv6 providing everyone with gazillions of addresses, there's no shortage.

[@Yggdrasil42]

There's no more need for NAT, which was a crutch to work around address shortage. We're essentially going back to how the internet was originally designed. So yes, every device connected to the internet will have a publicly routable IPv6 address. But your router has a built-in firewall which blocks all incoming connections by default. You can 'allow' traffic from the internet to a specific port and address on your LAN if you want to run a server. A benefit is that you can have multiple servers listening on their default port since they each have their own IP address. For example, with port-forwarding you'd need to pick a different non-standard port in your router for a second web server, like 443 and 8443. With IPv6 they can both run on 443. Your laptop, or whatever device the server runs on, can have an additional firewall. This can block incoming traffic not only from the internet (that was specifically allowed by your router's firewall) but also from your LAN. You can't necessarily trust local traffic after all, now that we all have lots of 'smart' devices with outdated firmware in our LAN.

[@flexagonpark5467]

"You're using it right now" No sir, I live in Russia where we don't even have 5G and ISPs don't officially support ipv6

[@cuteisjustice8208]

And yet Russian internet is faster and cheaper than German internet.

[@flexagonpark5467]

@@cuteisjustice8208 idk about faster but yeah, it's cheaper, I pay 8 usd every month for unlimited cellular internet

[@nigerianprince4017]

@@flexagonpark5467 damn I pay 30 bucks a month for 20mps internet

[@fitmotheyap]

Haha Isps here don't even have fiber! And 4g has the speeds of... 10-20 mbps download and like 1 mbps upload

[@BrianG61UK]

@@flexagonpark5467 nice. I live in the UK and I pay 10 UKP every month for 30GB cellular internet. (we call it mobile internet).

[@Tetemovies4]

2:33 It's because they're composed of 16 bits, not because they're represented in hexadecimal.

[@reubendurham9859]

Thank you!

[@pnnytx]

In Indonesia, IPv6 isn't really implemented yet. too bad.

[@ADeeSHUPA]

Indonesian

[@realquincyhill]

2021 is the year of the linu... oh I mean ipv6 address.

[@lucywucyyy]

i wish the internet never did get this popular

[@martinvandenbroek2532]

I think the loopback address is used to test the IPv6 stack, not so much the working of the network card.

[@James_Knott]

A loopback address is often used for accessing a service on the same device, whether with IPv4 or IPv6.

[@denniscleaver3559]

Laughing and crying in IPv4 behind triple NAT. I hate my ISP

[@nukiradio]

1:55 😒🤔🤣🤣🤣🤣👏👏👏👏

[@xcbrr50]

meanwhile my isp just deploy cgnat on everything

[@irok1]

Hex is always fun

[@asdasddas100]

I was messing with ipv6 yesterday and then this video pops up

[@glowiak3430]

How I can start xorg as non-root in Gentoo and why you deleted video about it?

[@duwangchew]

Maybe you shouldn't and that's why he deleted it?

[@anarcho.femboyism]

finally, my bacteria were longing for internet connection

[@david406]

sorry to interrupt your scrolling but you might be using mobile data instead of wifi when you got back to the video

[@duwangchew]

Silly you, I'm too poor to afford mobile data.

[@kolvis6626]

thank you, this was a helpful comment

[@aayushnp5430]

first

[@ahti6624]

aww ipv4 is so cute

[@censoredterminalautism4073]

I will continue to have no phone and use IPv4, and then finish my Monster Energy. Maybe play some Super Quake Nukem 3Doom 2 Turbo & Knuckles (Featuring Dante from the Devil May Cry™ Series). *sip*

[@int-64]

sure 128 bit number will be enough 💀

[@johnmclaughlin9674]

Basically static ups for all devices

[@RC2225]

Great when the ISP gives you ONE v6 Adress or an /64 Subnet or always a new network. .

[@joshuamenard699]

i cannot submit a complaint form to a certain place because of my IPv6 address. I dont understand

[@GamingStudiosX]

if there running out of ipv4 how when i got a new phone it had a ipv4 and it was like instant wouldnt it take a long time till i get a ipv4 if they running out

[@James_Knott]

You are forced to use NAT for IPv4. This means you do not have a public IPv4 address.

[@lukaspinoti107]

Why did they make it 128 bit? 64 bit would last us until the end of humanity.

[@Yggdrasil42]

To plan for the unexpected basically. Just like the inventors of IPv4 didn't imagine we'd have this many devices per person, who knows what 50 years into the future looks like. And changing protocols again is really really hard.

[@metalwellington]

back in my day...

[@cardboardpackage]

piss off

[@technovikingsnephew8833]

ippsec has entered the chat

[@shadowoftiger116]

After subnetting, I don’t honestly see IPv6 ever replacing IPv4, but it is possible for sure

[@gljames24]

I sure hope it does. Carrier Grade NAT is just trash.

[@deepspacecow2644]

ipv6 is way easier to subnet

[@commanderjarkerthewolf3111]

for when your pi cluster is more than 255 pi's

[@commanderjarkerthewolf3111]

mine is 314 pi's

[@josefaschwanden1502]

just make a bigger subnet or route the packets???

[@delirium3181]

We were promised cats in the thumbnail, yet you did not deliver. How can you look yourself into the mirror in the morning? Like actually?

[@BrianG61UK]

+1

[@bdotsamir]

what the hell is up with the BTC bots in the comments

[@lynx5327]

no idea

[@ankittayal8291]

Think need a detailed vid

[@PromotedGossiper]

I paused when u said to use my data to check my ip. Disappointed, still ipv4😒🙃

[@NikoHD203]

In Germany we still have both, my mobile network has only a v4, my network only a V6, but that one isn't working properly

[@mmjm10]

coverpicture is more like: lion ipv4 and the cat ipv6 in compare of number!!

[@elitehadock69420]

So um basically, i put my phone on data and it was on ipv4? and then i searched on my pc and it was ipv6?! JUST WHY? TELL ME WHY? why is the wifi on ipv6 but the data still on ipv4 its even the same provider wth?

[@r3vere302]

On data i still have ipv4

[@lemonsh]

if you mean mobile data then you don't actually have an IP address. instead, you connect through your mobile operator's NAT

[@Scranny]

In some video, Rob Braxman mentioned something about IPv4 is better for privacy in some way, but I can't remember his exact point. Any thoughts on this?

[@Diggnuts]

I heard the argument that seeing as the address space is so fast, it would be improbable to track devices from one network to another. I think this is missing the point completely. As soon as you interact with a IPv6 server, that server knows a global inside your network and can make assumptions based on that. Now imagine that machine that interacts with that server also runs a couple of services, printer server, lamp stack, oVPN, DNS. At least a NAT and firewall keeps your internal network layout invisible by default. With IPv6 all you can do is hope that every stack on every device has implemented IPv6 correctly, which pretty much means devices older than 5 years are suspect. It is a shit protocol and it makes the internet a less useful communication platform.

[@Andrew-jh2bn]

@@Diggnuts everything has trade offs, you can't just say it is a "shit protocol". Most tracking these days is done on a device level with cookies or browser fingerprinting. Knowing a globally unique address doesn't tell them much more than they already know. Also devices periodically change their address for this very reason. The reality is that we have run out of ipv4 address space, so a transition is needed. You can't seriously say that multiple layers of cgnat is a better alternative.

[@Diggnuts]

@@Andrew-jh2bn "Knowing a globally unique address doesn't tell them much more than they already know. " Not is all cases. You see, one of the reasons why IPv6 is so shitty is because of how some devices/OS'es determine the last 4 octets. Basically it is a implementation based on how Firewire used mac addresses to enumerate. This means that in some cases you can decode the mac address of the device and this tells you the brand and roughly type and age of the machine which is just another attack vector. Not good. Not all devices do this, but all you need is 1 pwned device inside a network and work from there. So not only is IPv6 ugly and arbitrarily implemented, it has build in privacy and security defeating features. That is bad. It would have made much more sense to itterate on IPv4 in a way where v4 would simply becomes a special part of the new address space.

[@Andrew-jh2bn]

@@Diggnuts you are right, in early versions of the protocol the interface identifier was created using the mac address, but that is outdated. If a device is using the up to date standards (granted, many may not be), it will create it's interface identifier in a random way. To me it sounds like your argument could be boiled down to "outdated devices are security holes", which is always true no matter which internet protocol you use. I actually find IPv6 to be quite elegant. It is a return to the original intentions of ipv4. I think it is a great advantage to have every device get its own unique ip address and eliminate NAT. As I understand it, it would be impossible to just "iterate on IPv4" in a way that makes sense. This is due to the simple fact that you can't squeeze a 128 bit number down to 32 bits. No matter how we tackle the problem, there would always be old devices that couldn't understand the new addresses. Solutions like this were actually tried with v4 addresses encoded inside of v6 addresses, but performance was quite poor. The only way this could work is through some huge scale nat like infrastructure to keep track of connections between v4 and v6 addresses. edit: Also ipv6 has exciting possibilities for increasing security. look up secure neighbor discovery protocol (send). Essentially it is a cryptographically secure update to ARP. and if ip packets don't get mangled by NAT tables, you can cryptographically prove your ip address and port numbers, making man in the middle attacks harder. In general, I mostly agree with you. New things bring new issues (and advantages) with them. We could argue about this forever, but at the end of the day we are out of v4 addresses and something needs to be done. I think ipv6 handles this role well.

[@Diggnuts]

@@Andrew-jh2bn ipv6 does quite well in not bing ipv4... That is about right. I still come across devices that use mac addresses to build their ipv6 prefix. Once you are off to a bad start, you can never really catch up. That is why the protocol will be a setback.

[@UncleForHire]

Hey, is there a pre-video for this? I kinda just wanted to know if I should look into it for a better connection from my games but ended up with more questions and aware of how much I don't know about unicast multicast and anycast much less ipv4 🥺

[@weedwanker4884]

this guy be like t e h c

[@CocolinoFan]

Why is not everyone using IPv6 already?

[@TheRealHaloCorps]

We will run out of ipv6 after AI sentience is achieved. It will need logical population parameters.

[@hhhyyy4375]

What a beaut.

[@FriedPotatoesForLife]

It’s showing 2 addresses in my ipv6 hotspot network on mobile and sometimes it shows 6 what is this normal ?

[@Yggdrasil42]

Yes, IPv6 van have multiple IP addresses per interface. Most devices will generate a random new address every day or even every few hours for your privacy. The old addresses expire after a while.