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Lakhwar Village |Jausari tribes | Uttarakhand. @Keralian #uttarakhand
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The culture of the local Jaunsari people is distinct from neighboring Garhwal and Himachal Pradesh, though there are some similarities as well.[8] Its culture is a bit closer to Sirmaur and Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh, as Jaunsar-Bawar paragana has been part of sirmaur hill kingdom of Himachal Pradesh for a long time.
Jaunsari language shares its vocabulary with Garhwali language. However, its accent and grammar is some sort of similar to people of those of Shimla and Sirmaur region i.e. area lying in western side of Giri river, comprises Rajgarh, Paonta, Renuka, Nahan, pacchad and Shillai tehsils. These people are also known as Hatti, and has similar culture like Jaunsari people.[citation needed] People's Union for Civil Liberties, PUCL Bulletin, September 1982. Some, anthropology studies in the 1990s revealed that tribal marriage practises were fast phasing out, and is being replaced by monogamy and these practices do not exist now [9]
An important aspect of their culture are dances like the folk dance named Harul, Ghundiya Raso, Jhenta Raso, Jangbazi, Thoude, etc.
One unique custom which is followed here is the concept of bride price. The custom owes its origin to some strong logic. The parents spend a substantial amount on raising, educating and making the life of the girl as good as they can make it. In return the girl is an asset to the family as she cooks, cleans, and works on the farms. When a boy wants to marry the girl, he is taking away an asset of the family and must pay the fair price of the asset known as the bride price. But over the year this practice is followed by a few masses.[citation needed]
Divorce is not a taboo in this culture, and divorced women are not ostracised from society. However, if the woman comes back to the parents' home after a divorce, the family must pay back the bride price to the man's family. If the woman divorces her husband to marry another man, the second man must pay bride price to the first man's family.[citation needed]. But over the years this practice is followed by a few masses.
The Jaunsar-Bawar region, is a valley, spread over 1002 km2 and 398 villages(villages near koti colony,Sahiya market Kalsi, Sakani, Kanbua and Kakadi),[3] between 77.45' and 78.7'20" East to 30.31' and 31.3'3" North.[1] It is defined in the east, by the river Yamuna and by river Tons in the west, the northern part comprises Uttarkashi district, and some parts of Himachal Pradesh, the Dehradun tehsil forms its southern periphery.[1]
Modes of livelihood in this region are agriculture and animal husbandry, which in the upper region is mostly for self-sustenance, as merely 10 percent of cultivated area is irrigated. Milk, wool and meat are an integral part of the local economy.[2]
Jaunsar-Bawar was a part of Sirmaur Kingdom at one point of time, which is now Sirmaur district in Himachal Pradesh. It is the border area of Garhwal region in Uttarakhand. Later, It was captured by Garhwal rulers.
In 1829, Jaunsar-Bawar was incorporated in Chakrata tehsil, prior to which it had been a part of Punjab state of Sirmaur, until the British conquered it along with Dehradun after the 1814 war with the Gorkhas.[4]
Before the establishment of British Indian Army cantonment in 1866, the entire area was known as Jaunsar-Bawar, and the name continued to be in popular use for the region, until the early 20th century.[5] While Hindi is popular in most of the neighbouring hill areas, Jaunsari, a language of the Western Pahari group of Indo-Aryan languages, is spoken by most of the people of the region.[6]
Jaunsar Bawar follows the Koti-Banal style of architecture. Houses are usually built in stone and timber and roofed with slate tiles. It is usually a two or three storey structure with a linear arrangement of one to four rooms on each floor and is typically sited on a terraced piece of land along the contours of the hill. In many villages in Uttarakhand, due to low temperature range, the housing and other buildings of socio-cultural values are generally shaped like pagodas or have sloping roofs.
The common building material used under construction includes wood (generally deodar, due to its abundance and durability), plain stones and other locally available materials like mud and stone slates. One of the important aspects of architecture in the area is the wooden carvings and the slate laden gabled roofs.
Since the local deity is Lord Mahasu, most of the temples are dedicated to him. Famous temples include Mahasu Devta Temple at Hanol, Mahasu Temple at Bulhad(Bharam Khat) Temple at Thaina, Mahasu Temple at Lakhwar, Mahasu Temple at Lakhsiyar and newly constructed Mahasu Temples in Bisoi and Lohari