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Joan of Arc is one of the most famous women in French history.
Joan of Arc is known in French as Jeanne d'Arc
The Pucelle d’Orléans, Joan of Arc, born in 1412 in Domrémy, a small village in northeastern France, and came from humble beginnings.
Then at the tender age of 13 she experienced her first vision, something that would change not only her life but the course of French history.
These visions continued and she believed they were divine communications. She claimed to see Saint Michael, Saint Catherine, and Saint Margaret, and said they conveyed to her messages from God.
These saints instructed Joan to support Charles VII, the Dauphin of France, in reclaiming his kingdom from English domination and to lead France to victory in its long-standing conflict with England.
Joan’s arrival at the royal court marked a turning point. Dressed in male attire, a necessity for her journey and safety, she stood before Charles VII and confidently asserted her divine mission to help him reclaim his kingdom.
Something worth noting is that Joan’s choice of clothing was not just about safety, but also a symbolic defiance of the societal norms of her time.
It reflected her rejection of traditional female roles and highlighted her unique position as a divinely appointed military leader.
Her attire became a part of her identity as a warrior and a leader.
Treachery and Heresy
Now we knew what Joan had achieved and how she’d been as good as her word and put the Dauphin on the throne. So what went wrong?
The Burgundians were frightened by Joan of Arc’s power, and so, on May 23, 1430, during a military action near Compiègne by the Burgundians, Joan was arrested.
The trial concluded with Joan being found guilty of heresy. The court coerced her into signing a recantation, which she later revoked, reaffirming her beliefs and mission.
This led to her being labelled a relapsed heretic. On May 30, 1431, at the age of 19, Joan of Arc was burned at the stake in the Old Market Square in Rouen, watched by a large crowd, some of which had gathered at the oldest auberge in the square, now known as La Couronne.
The panel of judges found that the original trial was flawed and unjust. The charges against Joan, including those of heresy and witchcraft, were declared baseless. The original verdict was annulled, effectively clearing Joan’s name.
The outcome of the 1456 trial was a complete rehabilitation of her character and legacy. It represented an official acknowledgement by the Church and the French crown of her innocence and significant contributions to France.
She went from a condemned heretic to a martyr and a national heroine of France. Her eventual canonisation by the Roman Catholic Church in 1920 cemented her status as a saint.