The Fringe Theory That Could Disprove Dark Matter | Answers With Joe

[@whatdamath]

As I'm seeking employment as a fact checker: yours was wrong with the 2010 Hawking radiation detection. it's believed it could have been Cerenkov radiation instead. Also it wasn't from a black hole obviously but from a complex prism-laser structure that may not really be the best representation of reality. It was also never followed up upon so it's also technically fringe science. It's a fringe science inception. Fringeception

[@gvardiecky9507]

@EmperorJuliusCaesar Hello wonderful... imperator ??

[@danielwilson2221]

whoa, Anton we watch the same stuff. love your channel.

[@samvimes5124]

@@gvardiecky9507 Anton+Petrov+What+Da+Math Google it. ;)

[@flickercrab5704]

Hello 🤩 wonderful person, Anton! It's good to see you here! I would love to see a collaboration with you and other KZbin hosts!! We love Joe Scott too, and many other KZbinrs. How about some crossovers? Anything to round out our understanding.... it takes a village.

[@viveka2994]

daddy anton

[@markleyg]

Inertia explains why I have a hard time getting off the couch since a body at rest wants to stay at rest.

[@BearBig70]

I haven't even got out of bed, let alone the couch.😜

[@TheBlueprintsOrlando]

This

[@DannyJoh]

Doesn't explain being drunk though. When my world is spinning I can easily change direction... like all the time

[@ashtonrickard2075]

Lol.

[@gailcirillo3294]

Yep

[@changethementality]

Thank you for being the one person (that I've come across) on the entire internet, that always makes 100 percent sense. Especially when it comes to topics like these.

[@theCodyReeder]

I need one of those fact checkers. Edit: well one that doesn’t get so distracted.

[@ShalK423]

Cody! When one of your fave KZbinrs watches another of your fave KZbinrs. Haha

[@tibfulv]

All you need is a 3D copier.

[@WayOfTheCode]

You both should colab with 3 blue 1 brown

[@FinkPloyd504]

Hey cody updates soon about the new mine?

[@namavar77]

Its nice to see you guys follow each other , i do enjoy watching both of your channels

[@ydr4k3]

Fact check: the Hawking radiation was not observed yet. It was just simulated in an analog lab system.

[@sam.f.c]

Observed in a lab with millions of dollars of expensive and accurate equipment

[@mvn4844]

It's impossible to observe hawking radiation (coming from stellar mass or larger black holes) because of the heat of the CMB, we need to wait a couple of billion years before direct observation even becomes possible

[@Skylancer727]

@@mvn4844 exactly. There is no way to directly observe it as firstly we have no way to detect it and even if we could they would be lost in the cloud of other signals and radiation being output.

[@abz998]

Didn't know we were able to recreate an event horizon of a black hole in a lab.

[@hynekchalus1]

@@Skylancer727 other than that recent Penrose´s theory..

[@jeffjordan1242]

I appreciate the fact that you try and explain these complex ideas for the non scientifically trained viewers. Keeping it as simple as possible with a refreshing dose of humor mixed in. THANK YOU!! - a new fan.

[@EricMathiasen]

"Fringe science" doesn't mean "pseudo-science," it just means outside of the mainstream interpretation of existing evidence, but still following accepted scientific practice.. Pseudo-science is something that presents itself as science but doesn't follow accepted practices for science inquiry - so using it with a real scientist is a seriously offensive slander.

[@nuffsaidvhj2342]

You look like the guy in tge video

[@billrussell7672]

All science is a model,( read fAke) but it's the best we got now. Accepted practice just means we can extract use from the idea not that it is the complete truth. To say otherwise makes science a religious dogma. Which I think is your stricture

[@Chizzoide]

@@billrussell7672 accepted practice means they follow the scientific method, which is less biased than any other known. If you call that a dogma then you're freaking ignorant and probably flat earther.

[@billrussell7672]

@@Chizzoide so how long have you been in science cult? You need to free your mind that your science god is always right, most of the time it resembles blood letting and patent medicine. . Take gravity for instance , if modern science had not scrapped æther when we stumbled upon the casmir effect we would have left forward 100 years finding subatomic gravity and working out æther repulsion from mass. Science is down right stupid at times chucking the tub out with the baby and keeping the water. And the wholesale falure of electrodynamics Therory. Then the double slit fraud, On and on science is the Stokes monkey on display. You need to get this one thing in your head. They don't want regular people to understand the big picture, science is poisoned with relativity to keep the magic of knowledge a secret. In truth you have to be a savant or a polymath to see thru the curtain that the Wizzard Oz is just a ordinary men who look at extrodan with simple eyes and simple minds

[@thegeneralist7527]

@@billrussell7672 Lol! Better tighten that tinfoil hat of yours!

[@MickyBlutube]

Bloody hell, my brain just fell outta my left ear . . and wow it's much smaller than I hoped . .

[@Mosern1977]

If it fits through your ear-canal, then probably yes.

[@BenjiSun]

egyptians have proven that's just ear boogers. to access your brain, drive a big nail up your nostril and your brain comes out as nose boogers. egyptologists have then proven once you do that you achieve immortality and grow these rings of a cloth-like substance over your skin, but there's a side effect of the hardening of your joints. people who see you may have the reaction of calling out for their mother in a neotenic manner.

[@henryjdw238]

@@BenjiSun Facts

[@dsvilko]

A brain falling out is a sure sign of beeing too open minded. Try beein more sceptical, it might help.

[@MickyBlutube]

@@dsvilko Thanks for the advice, but I am sceptical about your advice . . (!)

[@billymcnomates7764]

So glad that we have a 21st century answer for galactic gravitic anomalies. Dark matter/energy always seemed so desperate.

[@JD-fs3vf]

Not really desperate. "Dark" in dark matter/energy just means "something we cannot see or haven't found, yet". So basically unexplained phenomenon.

[@creator4413]

Its frustrating too! But at the same time I think it gives a lot of space to maybe explain certain unknown phenomena... I imagine there could possibly be an entire dark universe right inside of ours with its own set of rules, structures, perhaps even intelligent life

[@BenWard29]

creator 44 i dont think so. Its interesting to think about, but since we share gravity with dark matter, and gravity falls off with the square of the distance which can only exist in 3 dimensions. Another complimentary universe would mean 6 dimensions- gravity would fall off far faster than it does currently.

[@scobra5941]

You lost me at Hawkin

[@AdLazy]

Better than being interested and trying to fix global warming and poverty, humans were always gonna self destruct, its a losing battle, so why not at least take interest in something cool and smart than dealing with idiots in the short time we have to love

[@Impatient_Ape]

0:35 there is strong evidence that many early cultures knew the world was round prior to Eratosthenes. He was just the first person to give a "scientific" and relatively accurate estimate of the earth's circumference.

[@trashaccount8859]

Prove it please

[@lyreparadox]

*shrug* It's not really a stretch. The Sun's round, the Moon is round... Why wouldn't the Earth be round too?

[@robertemmons8610]

Others may have guessed that the Earth is round, but Erastosthenes proved it by calculating the circumference. In science, proving matters. Guessing doesn't.

[@clausit]

@@trashaccount8859I read somewhere that the Egyptians knew the earth was round because they discovered the length of shadows for two identical buildings was different at the same time of the day. (They were separated and communication was through bonfires).

[@trashaccount8859]

@@clausit that's exactly was what Eratosthenes did

[@LeoStaley]

Fact check: virtual particles are NOT when a particle/antipartice pair are created. When that happens, those are REAL particles. Virtual particles are instances where the math kinda needs a "particle" but which are doing impossible things for such a particle. PBS Spacetime did a terrific episode on this.

[@lg186282]

The particle/anti-particle pair is analogous to describing an electron orbiting an atom instead of describing it as being located in a probability cloud. Modes of the quantum field are scattered due to the curvature of space-time at the event horizon. Frequencies longer than the radius of the event horizon are scattered outward while the rest are sucked inward. This creates a vacuum level lower than that of empty space inside and thus reduces the mass of the black hole. The frequency is tied to the Schwarzchild radius and is precisely why microscopic black holes emit so much more hawking radiation; their radius is much smaller and thus emits much higher levels of energy. Shorter wave lengths (eg. x-rays) are more energetic than longer waves (eg. radio waves). See that PBS video Leo mentioned. It is excellent.

[@MaurerPower846]

You just blew my frickin mind, @@lg186282 . Random question (armchair space nerd here), do black holes... move? And would they experience this 'Unruh Radiation" and the Casimir effect as explained in the video?

[@lg186282]

@@MaurerPower846 You are too kind. Black holes spin rapidly and orbit their parent galaxy as any other star. In Stephen Hawking's paper on "Hawking Radiation", "Unruh Radiation" is part of the equation. The really cool thing is without a "Theory of Everything" Hawking's equations is only one possible solution. There are other proposed solutions for "Hawking Radiation", but they all have the same result; emission from black holes of photons with their wavelength equal to the "Schwarzchild Radius". Incidentally, I am an armchair physicist. My degree is actually in statistics which meshes very well with quantum mechanics.

[@lloydgush]

I see it more as "generating" the field through "pulses" that "don't exist". Like fourier transformations. But instead of using standing waves you use those "instantaneous" "pulses". But the result is the same.

[@Mephistahpheles]

@@lg186282 "... statistics which meshes very well with quantum mechanics...." I've never liked either. They both seem like giving up on truth and just settling on what's popular. If I roll a die, it's NOT a "1 in 6 chance of", it's absolutely guaranteed to land on the side that it does. I just don't have all the information necessary to determine which side that will be....so I give up....and say, "1 in 6". Quantum mechanics has the same problem. Some how, "We can't know." turned into "It doesn't have."

[@The1Helleri]

13:37 That's not saying much about DARPA level of interest. 1.3m funding over 4 years is the DARPA equivalent of our idle google searching.

[@johnpalmer5131]

Actually this pretty typical for a 6.1 funding level of this kind of purely theoretical academic research. It will increase if it progresses to the 6.2 level (applied research). If you didn’t get that then google ‘DOD research activity funding codes’

[@TheGhostGuitars]

Exactly the point, while it is interesting enough to take a look, it's not interesting enough to throw any serious money at it. If the little investment pans out, no big loss (relatively by federal budget standards). 1.3M is peanuts to the federals. But if the sifting reveals a gold strike, then they'd throw more money at it. As it stands now with QI and EMDrive, it looks like they considered the sifting to have panned out.

[@stulora3172]

1.3M$ over four years is what... Three people?

[@jg1946ify]

Leet

[@tonyennis1787]

@@stulora3172 If they don't need equipment.

[@LeoStaley]

Fact check: erotosthenes calculateed the circumference of the earth in the 3rd century bc, not 100 bc. But you said that before you brought in your handsome fact checker.

[@angaatkeeda7971]

He calculated the circumference and thereby determined the shape, in 240 BC. I don't think he lived 233 years in adulthood!

[@bulwinkle]

@@angaatkeeda7971 The shape was already known prior to Erostoshenes.

[@epajarjestys9981]

Fact check: His name was Eratosthenes (Ἐρατοσθένης) with a/α as the third letter.

[@LeoStaley]

@@epajarjestys9981 oh man you got me

[@korenn9381]

@@bulwinkle Indeed. He calculated its size, which is amazing, but that it was round was already long, LONG established. There is no known civilisation where we know that they thought the earth was flat.

[@MCsCreations]

Ok, ok... When can I have my Enterprise? 😐

[@gavinvarian9470]

Pull an asteroid to near earth orbit and start construction

[@icaropereira3218]

You know that with a QI drive you have to put up with annoying Q right?

[@tokenlau7519]

Maybe in our lifetime, if DARPA sponsored experiments would be succesful. See also the most recent McCulloch's paper: "Propellant-less Propulsion from Quantised Inertia". He might be our real Zefram Cochrane. :)

[@tokenlau7519]

@@icaropereira3218 Let's hope it is just a coincidence... ;)

[@MCsCreations]

@@tokenlau7519 Well... Does he like rock? 🤔

[@bmbirdsong]

Dark matter and dark energy have always smacked of "Here there be monsters." I've always felt like they were just place holders until we finally understood the reality of the situation. I get the feeling that two hundred years from now, people will laugh at the concepts. As for saying QI is fringe science, well, plate tectonics was fringe science too for a hundred years.

[@wesbaumguardner8829]

Yes, we should just accept the fact that general relativity is philosophically, scientifically, and mathematically incorrect.

[@bretthess6376]

You are correct, Sir. However, it will not take 200 years. For the frequently wretched insects that we are, however, we're doing just fine. The 1% of reality we are able to observe, measure, and accurately describe is truely impressive for such a limited species. Don't you think? After all, a few generations ago, a knapped flint ax was the cutting edge of technology.

[@jarrod752]

Shhhhhh..... You are giving the creationists hope that they have a fringe science, and not a blatant delusion.

[@allenrussell1947]

At last, you've put my thoughts into words. 😝

[@erichurst7897]

That's how they knew to keep looking for the Higgs Boson. The math didn't work, so they figured there must be a particle they couldn't find. It took a while, but they found it, exactly where it was predicted. So this means they had a placeholder to make the math work for all the other particles, then found the Higgs once technology advanced enough. I don't have a problem with them using a placeholder until they discover what it is.

[@jorenbaplu5100]

the ball wouldn't keep going up and up and up in space because there is no up in space ha got 'em .... i'll be leaving now

[@Nick-rd5xs]

You're forgetting your relativistic frames . . . Every direction in space could be up =P

[@danieljensen2626]

If you decided which way up was, and then threw it that way, it would go that way.

[@agnosticdeity4687]

"Down is towards the enemy gate" Ender's Game. Orson Scott Card

[@Chimonger1]

Directions are relative to the person/location. Most languages use what we consider common directions, relative to the location/person giving them. But there are other ways to give directions, which can be hard to wrap our minds around, in a couple other, simpler languages (less complex; fewer ways to describe things, for instance). More advanced civilizations use more defining words, but, directions are still mostly relative. ...so, “up” is something away from what we stand upon, and assumes gravity...up is away from a center of gravity. Ergo, if one is out in space where there is no gravity pulling an object off-course (at which point, it’s going “down” towards a center of gravity), it could theoretically keep going (like Voyager?)....but loses its “up-ness”...it only is going “up” as it leaves earth; once beyond gravitational pull of earth, or other celestial bodies, it’s not going “up” anymore...it can be described as going “away”. But from the perspective of the thing traveling, it is simply moving from or to something else.

[@slateslavens]

Well of course. "The enemy's gate is _down._"

[@topherhorst989]

There’s something different about this channel. Idk what it’s just feels more personal and informal and I like it. Perfect mix of fun humor and facts. Keep up the good work👍🏻

[@robertplatt643]

It's his eyes. He's a hip-notist.

[@atlanciaza]

Hi Joe, I think now it might be time to make another video on this considering we are weeks away from a space based test.

[@adolfodef]

02:35 I knew we would see one of the clones again! =D

[@0neBadMonkey]

BORK!

[@joescott]

What... He's not a clone, just a really handsome guy.

[@Particulator]

@@joescott a genetic abomination for sure. 😁

[@CarlR4243]

bork! bork ! Bork!

[@PantsuMann]

BORK

[@roberrplatt4214]

The Casimir effect helps your computer work. When you set up two plates really close together, the particles between the plates are forced to slow down and lose energy, creating a cooling effect in the plates. This is used to cool the microchips in your computer. It can only be done on a very small scale, but if you had a Casimir device the size of a piece of bread, it could air-condition your home for free. That is a very tall order, however, as manufacturing super-flat plates of that size is not possible right now.

[@mrmcbeardy9268]

Ive watched this many times. Arguably one of your best. Not only positively enlightening, but incredibly entertaining to watch. Cheers! love your work mate 🤙💯

[@nathangoddard8115]

The 'ruh' part of Professor's Unruh is pronounced 'roo' like in kangaroo.

[@PongoXBongo]

Unroo? Ex-marsupial. Hopped his last hop. Punching with the choir invisible.

[@gein2287]

Yep. I lived on Unruh St. In Philly.

[@rjwiechman]

All the Unruhs I've known (I grew up in a rural area with a number of Unruh families) pronounced it as un-roo.

[@StephenJohnson-jb7xe]

Fact checker Joe was distracted by internet cats and missed that one.

[@nathangoddard8115]

He taught me physics at UBC. Hilarious and brilliant prof.

[@danielwait8555]

Joe is one of the funniest KZbinrs around. I really appreciate this channel.

[@luisfabricio6439]

The rindler horizon was supposed to be behind the accelerating object and as there are more virtual particles infront than behind then the object receives this resistance to acceleration in other words inertia

[@LaunchPadAstronomy]

Great video and funny as hell, Joe! I'm really not sure about QI but then again I'm not a theoretical physicist so it's more than out of my lane. I'd love it if it were true, but it'll take a lot more work to see if there's anything to it. Minor quip - Hawking radiation hasn't been observed. At least not conclusively, though there have been some interesting results by some researchers. All in all, brilliant job!

[@yuvallitvin]

love yuer anser ..lol

[@RavenGhostwisperer]

The "observations" have been mostly done in analogous experiments (actually very recently): phys.org/news/2019-01-hawking-laboratory-black-hole-analogues.html

[@kilgoretrout3966]

2018 AD, the year we all got into lanes.

[@drkentstrife]

QI cant be real because pbs space time has no video about that topic!

[@tokenlau7519]

@@drkentstrife String theory is not real, dark matter is not real, and he has videos about that, so...

[@alphagt62]

Joe, I’ve gotta say, I always enjoy your videos, and you do a great job of explaining complicated subjects. But what I am most impressed by is your way with a camera! You are a Natural! I always feel like we are having a personal conversation, you inject the right amount of humor, and you are perfectly comfortable talking to millions in front of a camera! I honestly think you should have a gig with the Science Channel or Discovery! If you had an hour’s show on cable television each week I would never miss it, move over Neil Tyson! Sure he’s a real smart guy, but he doesn’t have your way with the camera. It truly is a great and rare talent, you deserve all the success coming your way!

[@ethanwilliams8211]

I asked my physics teacher about this, his response: *eyes roll* “I don’t get paid enough for this” EDIT: My teacher is quite knowledgeable in his subject, as you require a master degree in whatever you teach (Australia). He was being sarcastic. My intention wasn’t to fuel everyone’s tangent on hating on the education system.

[@vc2702]

Lol

[@billrussell7672]

It's like religion when I questioned it , they said" don't think about it it will ruin your faith!" People who teach just follow the text book, people who learn use that to chart new vista's

[@gamerdinbasarabia2093]

​@@billrussell7672 I think that it varies from person to person, not everybody has the intelligence to understand everything, and the people who does don't teach in universities or at schools, or at least not at small ones. But, since teachers are needed, people with less understanding of the topic are also useful :))

[@billrussell7672]

@@gamerdinbasarabia2093 the taxonomy of education is a book that conforms educators into a cookie cutter approach of ideas so as to not teach too much to worker class students. Only the most compliant have the blinders removed. ( Blinders are covers thAt only allow a horse to see the road ahead

[@gamerdinbasarabia2093]

@@billrussell7672 Do the teachers really conform to books? I don't know how in your country but where I am from teachers love improvisation, explaining more than is written in the book, if they have the knowledge of course :) At the university the teachers don't even teach based to some books, or if they structure the course based to a book than that book is written by them, again, that's how teacher teach in my country, I do not know how they act in yours ;) The only problem of our educational system, in my opinion, is students' lack of motivation, they just don't want to learn :(

[@vf7vico]

no, Ernst Mach's name is NOT pronounced like 'mak' . It's a German name, pronounced exactly like 'Bach' -- as in Johann Sebastian Bach - just with an M.

[@louisvictor3473]

Just with an M? So MBach? Bachm? Bamch! Nailed it!

[@happyme569]

And you can translte it as "seriously do"

[@billrussell7672]

Grammer Nazi , nice! Thumbs up

[@nicosteffen364]

@@billrussell7672 no just telling others how it is right! Calling someone a Nazi for trying to make things better is, just the same that you wrote! If i am wrong i want to know it in a nice way, like he did it!

[@thephidias]

@@billrussell7672 Why Grammar? Pronunciation Nazi maybe, but not Grammar. It is MaCH (ch pronounced like Loch in Loch Ness)

[@joer8854]

Why do I watch stuff like this in the morning when my brain has hung up a sign in my head saying "Gone fishing"

[@Lethgar_Smith]

I just came up with an amazing challenge. Take a huge bong hit and then try and get through this entire video without having your mind wander off and having to rewatch sections of this to keep up with what he is describing.

[@tokenlau7519]

Let's hope that this QI theory will enable us to boldly go where no one has gone before, to explore strange new worlds, to seek out new life and new civilizations... :) Perhaps we already have our Zefram Cochrane, and his real name is Mike McCulloch. ;)

[@tokenlau7519]

@Lassi Kinnunen But it is fun to think like that.

[@robertgrant721]

Calling it pseudoscience seems a bit harsh, it’s as pseudoscience as string theory. Theoretical physics is not pseudoscience. It may be wrong but it has at least been peer reviewed and is founded on mathematics, not whimsy. Love the channel but that was a cheap shot.

[@tokenlau7519]

Exactly, he published over 20 papers about QI, most in good scientific peer-reviewed journals - so calling that pseudosience is very harsh.

[@joescott]

The only reason I used that word was because I kept seeing it in the articles I read about it. Wasn't trying to take any kind of shot at it.

[@robertgrant721]

Joe Scott Yeah, but you’re better than that :) leave the gonzo stuff to the click baiters.

[@robertgrant721]

Joe Scott And actually it was a good opportunity to explain why it’s not pseudoscience despite what some articles claim. It could certainly be wrong (and I do think that theoretical physics does go out too far on a limb - string theory) - but it is at least mathematically sound which pseudoscience never is.

[@Bryan-Hensley]

Do you realize how many times theories and even factual science has been wrong? Do you know science once approved of bleeding out as a medical procedure?

[@MateusMeurer]

My favorite explanation for dark matter is the "Massive Gravity Theory" which states that the graviton actually has mass and therefore dark matter is huge amounts of gravity particles next to each other.

[@kasv4103]

A blackhole's Event horizon is legit, even Chuck Norris broke into a sweat when he jumped out of it. Just glad he let the blackhole be.

[@0ned]

Chuck Norris broke his foot off in that hole.

[@PongoXBongo]

Chuck Norris kicked that star so hard it became a black hole.

[@0ned]

Chuck Norris put the particle in wave particle.

[@ricodelta1]

"The Rindler Horizon gets super complicated, Im not going to touch it with a 10 foot pole.." -Joe Scott

[@YvonTripper]

If I had a ten-foot Pole, I would teach him to play basketball so that Poland could win the European basketball championship

[@Prof.Megamind.thinks.about.it.]

I'm willing to poke it with a snake-handling stick . If we assume that in a sense , more dense/concentrated accumulations of mass "fall" into the future (t) faster , then it is concievable that they draw nearby mass "down" with them , in a manner analogous to a sinking ship drawing floating objects down after it . The above would generate attractive behaviors , which would appear to be what we call "gravity" . 🤓

[@Exodus27]

Was that a "Chasing Amy" poster next to the fact checker?!

[@joescott]

Yep. Good eye. 😉 I met Kevin Smith at an early screening of that movie and he signed the poster.

[@Soldier4USA2005]

@@joescott AWESOME!!!!

[@Dankman9]

@@joescott one of my best friends is the son of Mike Allred who did some of the artwork and the blunt man and chronic artwork, he also plays himself in that movie, ironically signing autographs on his own real life comic book, Madman.

[@dleesta]

It's funny to think that the Earth being round was probably once considered fringe.

[@enthused7591]

Still is. #flatearthsociety

[@ToxicTerrance]

@@enthused7591 So dumb. Earth is obviously a cube.

[@SpecialEDy]

The earth is round, but the moon is flat. Have you ever seen the other side of the moon? No, because it's flat.

[@kunjukunjunil1481]

@@SpecialEDy Lol even flat surfaces have two sides .

[@SpecialEDy]

@@kunjukunjunil1481 who told you that, a Nasa scientist? The moon is a non Euclidean disc, something that is 2 dimensional doesn't have a top or bottom.

[@paolofaviano1]

Hi Joe, thank you for all of your videos, I really love them and I hope to see many more :) . I am a research physicist working in testing Quantum Field Theories in the presence of gravity so Hawking Radiation and Unruh effect is very important for my work. If I could just point out one thing, Hawking Radiation was not seen in 2010. What Belgiorno saw was analog effects that are mathematically similar to Black Hole Event Horizon effects far away from the Black Hole but the analogy breaks down for events closer. Belgiorno's experiments were impressive, but they have been greatly oversold.

[@davidbernhagen4316]

You should make a video clarifying the difference in science between: Law, Theory, and Hypothesis. You say theoretical when you mean hypothetical. Theory has predictive power and is supported by observation (gravity, evolution, etc.). An idea that is put forward, but not proven is a hypothesis. A law is a statement consistent with observation, but does not predict or explain.

[@louisvictor3473]

Sadly, "Law", theory and hypothesis are all fuzzy these days. String "theory" (probably the biggest offender in physics, and also essentially mandatory to turn a blind eye if you want to get into theoretical physics... theoretical physics nuff said), multiverse "theory", and so on.

[@davidbernhagen4316]

The danger is that idiots will parrot: "evolution is just a theory".

[@patricioansaldi8021]

@@davidbernhagen4316 or "gravity is just a theory"! as long as we can get people to understand the definitions we might stand a chance

[@cdreid9999]

the problem is even scientists use them incorrectly. The common use of theory today is the actual definition of law. Ive had people froth at the mouth when i pointed out theory by definition is unproven as yet.

[@jars6230]

@cdreid9999 Yeh, I have a theory that you do not know what a theory is. The difference between a theory and a law is not `proof`. You seem to be using the term theory to have a meaning more in line with hypothesis. I am guessing you dont believe in evolution?

[@quite1enough]

What about Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall? And there's another theory which explains galaxy rotation curve without dark matter, it calls "Metric dynamics" by Russian scientist Sergei Siparov (or "Anisotropic geometrodynamics", which is expansion of special and general relativity theories), which states (from the second name) that our space is in fact anisotropic. I am no expert either in these, so Joe, if you'll able to do video on that, it would be awesome.

[@SernasHeptaDimesionalSpace]

see my Mexican one Mr. carranza. its a mix with the old and the knew.

[@dyoung11000]

I love your back ground beat that plays when you are explaining things. Perfect!

[@MudakTheMultiplier]

Have you considered starting to include more interviews with experts on these topics?

[@pineapplepenumbra]

That's a great idea! I can't wait for them to get Sir Isaac Newton to agree to an interview...

[@erikjarandson5458]

@John Doe Yeah, it's rare to find a chatterbox like Stephen Hawing. No need. I'm already showing myself to the door.

[@tomardans4258]

My translator says you had Mach right the first time, but gargle on that ‘ch’ like a good German.

[@mikicerise6250]

Yeah fact checker didn't even get that right. 😂

[@meistarkus]

An Austrian can confirm that. Good job!

[@m.h.6470]

yeah, it is not pronounce like the speed mach (which is the one, _fact checker_ uses) but rather like the "mu" of "much" with the german "voiceless velar fricative" sound (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch_(digraph)#German). That sound is probably best known from the German word *Achtung*

[@tokenlau7519]

@@m.h.6470 Also McCulloch name should be pronounced with this "ch", like in the Scottish word "Loch".

[@AndDiracisHisProphet]

@@m.h.6470 both are pronounced the same way, because the speed is named after the guy

[@harpuaslutbag2997]

To date....this is the only video of Joe's that I simply couldn't make it to the end of. After the third or fourth angel singing definition I was toast! Thanks Joe!

[@whateverrandomnumber]

10:47 so it is true that when you throw an object, little angels go pushing it all the way, keeping the object's momentum. Renaissance guys were right.

[@stevenstewart3414]

But the little angels need something to stand on while they are pushing or they will just move backward. I propose little flying turtles like the big one the Earth rests on... only little... and with wings... like in Mario Bros. When do I get my Nobel?

[@rodschmidt8952]

@@stevenstewart3414 Head of a pin, of course. Head of a pin

[@0ned]

Relativity is Galilean, Classical Invariance! :D

[@JohnMoseley]

@@stevenstewart3414 But what would move them backwards? Tinier angels? Standing on what?

[@helgefan8994]

As a German, let me tell you that "Mach" is most definitely NOT pronounced as advocated in this video. That German "ch"-sound is just something English throats aren't usually able to do. Also, Hawking Radiation *_from black holes_* has never been observed contrary to what this video implies. For actual stellar black holes (or larger ones), Hawking radiation would be too miniscule for observation even if it were as close to us as the moon. There was a lab-experiment related to Hawking radiation, but it wasn't really about black holes.

[@joescott]

I should have been more specific about that. I was referring to the lab experiments.

[@tokenlau7519]

​@@joescott Also you did not pronounce McCulloch's name 100% correctly because 'ch' in his name is pronounced like 'ch' in Scottish word "Loch", which is actually similar to German or Austrian pronunciation of 'ch'.

[@kilgoretrout3966]

Some of the English can pronounce that, some can't, same as some can roll the r, as in Spanish, and some cannot.

[@helgefan8994]

@@ExcelinusCom Germans don't spit when making that sound though. Plus, without a "th" we don't have to stick out our tongues to people to pronounce every other word. :-P Just kidding, I actually like the English language ;-)

[@stabiljka]

How English cannot pronounce Mach, or Bach, and yet they can pronounce Hawking?

[@GenIsysGames]

It is certainly the beginning of a fascinating conversation.

[@vacuumdiagrams652]

Quantized inertia is not a credible idea. There are at least three reasons for this: 1. If inertia is due to Unruh radiation _pressure,_ that means inertia is really due to a radiation _force_ impinging on an object. To calculate how an object will move when subjected to a force, we use Newton's second law F = ma and... oh, wait, if you substitute F = 0, a = 0 too, so F = ma _already contains any meaningful notion of inertia._ That means that McCulloch's claim is based on circular reasoning. 2. The motion of any object that accelerates for only a finite amount of time (such as all objects you've ever met in your life) _is not_ associated with a Rindler horizon. A Rindler horizon is just a fancy name for the idea that if you accelerate at a constant velocity, light rays coming from certain places in the universe will never catch up to you since you're getting so close to light speed. So _if you stop accelerating, the light can catch up to you and no horizon is there at all._ This pulls the carpet out from under quantized inertia which requires these "horizons" to do various things. 3. Even for objects that accelerate indefinitely, Unruh radiation doesn't work the same as normal radiation. In particular, it has zero energy density and exerts zero pressure. This means it fundamentally can't do what McCulloch wishes -- it can't push on anything at all. It's a very unintuitive quantum mechanical effect. I've actually discussed McCulloch's ideas when I made my second video discussing the emdrive (another pseudoscientific gadget), so it's a little disappointing to see their influence has grown since then.

[@vacuumdiagrams652]

PS: The Casimir effect is not related to a "higher density of vacuum fluctuations on the outside than inside". One old idea for the electron was that it might be a thin spherical shell of negative electric charge whose self-repulsion would be balanced by the Casimir force on the shell. Since there is a "higher density of vacuum fluctuations on the outside than inside", the vacuum should compress the shell and stabilized this model electron. The problem is, when the detailed calculation was done, people found out that the Casimir force for a sphere is _repulsive,_ that is, it tends to inflate the sphere. This killed the model, and it shows nicely that the intuition that so many often use when describing the Casimir effect is really not that accurate.

[@DeathBringer769]

Good posts ;)

[@putty93010]

@Octavius Apollodorus I'm sure he meant accelerate at a constant rate. Try not to get so caught up in semantics when the concept is rather clear, unless you prefer to be technically correct and conceptually daft.

[@amirabudubai2279]

Your first point shows a poor understanding of the argument for quantum inertia. You don't need mass to determine acceleration, but rather mass is something the just derives from the math. It is similar to how, with standard physics, energy and momentum don't "exist," but are derived from the idea that forces, inertia, and mass do exist. There are no more assumptions in the quantum inertia model than the generally accepted models. Also the part about circular reasoning gave me a good laugh. Hate to break it to you but 100% of science is based in "logical fallacies." Also, that wasn't circular reasoning; if that was their argument, it would be contradictory premises, but it is actually a straw man on your part. Your 2nd point shows a misunderstanding of what unruh radiation is. I recommend watching PBS Spacetime's video on it( kzbin.info/www/bejne/bZTNZ6Kfe6l4jsU ). 3rd, once again watch that video. There is a noncontroversial drag associated with the unruh effect. I have no strong option on quantum inertia(in fact I lean towards it being false), but I am not qualified to teach on the subject. It is good to form your own option on things, but when you start presenting your underdeveloped opinion as fact, you are no better than a flat earther.

[@vacuumdiagrams652]

"The casimir effect compresses the sphere since there are no long wavelengths inside the sphere resulting in net positive pressure outside the sphere." That's what the boat intuition would suggest, but the boat intuition is wrong. It's misleading. The Casimir effect is related to the asymptotics of the zero point energy contributions, not any simple property like a "density". In one dimension, the Casimir effect is attractive because 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + … = -1/12, which itself is related to the asymptotics of the (regularized) sum of frequencies.

[@levimluke]

Hey Joe, Would you be able to do a video on Perovskite Solar Cells? I hear that they are quickly gaining efficiently and practically take a fraction of the energy and rare materials to create. The complication of building these cells could be described somewhere around a modern day version of making “stained glass”. Boasting around %20 efficiency already in under 6 years and how cheap and easy they are to make, no wonder people are excited about them!

[@toamaori]

when I read your comment... it automatically played in my mind to the tune of "Hey Joe" by Jimi Hendrix ... xD

[@keenanweind1780]

I am currently involved in research on that subject (at THE Ohio State University). While you are correct on the fact that said compounds show promise, more testing is necessary before it can be properly reported upon. I CAN say that Methylammonium Lead Halides (we studied CH3NH3Pb(X3); X being either I or Br), while exhibiting photovoltaic potential, degrade far quicker than silicon, an instability which is exacerbated in the presence of light and moisture. This is besides the fact that lead is a toxin.

[@levimluke]

Keenan Weind, thank you so much for the follow up comment. I hope I don’t misrepresent the research thats still needed to be done in this application or the challenges that it still faces in regards to viability. I have just recently looked into these alternative solar formats. On a side note: What do you know about the so-called “artificial photosynthesis”? I hear that a university is experimenting with an “aspen leaf” like solar panel that can efficiently create hydrogen gas... which can easily be stored, pumped, and replenished. If true, this may extend the useful life of internal combustion engines for some time... especially since there is very little harmful byproducts of burning hydrogen. I don’t have a reference for the aspen leaf claim that I read some time ago, but as a quick reference, here’s a Wikipedia post (take with grain of salt... I haven’t fully read it.) en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_photosynthesis

[@Thurgor_Supreme]

DM theorist: "Gravity doesn't properly explain the motion and formation of galaxy clusters, or CMB, or gravitational lensing" Skeptic: "Maybe there's something we don't understand about gravity" DM theorist: "Nah, it's way more likely that 95% of all matter and energy in the universe is just unaccounted for" ...and they have the nerve to call quantized inertia a "fringe theory"

[@yoda29000]

It's 2019 and Ether is making a comeback. I swear, the more I know, the less I understand.

[@G11713]

The Ether has ...been back. Space time, in fact. The thing that bends and contracts. ;)

[@SneedyKetler]

Aether was always there. We’ve just put the blankets over it when we didn’t want to acknowledge it

[@BabyMakR]

@@SneedyKetler thank you for spelling it correctly.

[@UmbraHand]

@@Ali-gh7rj They teach what we know, they don`t suppress science. They give the tools on how to do science, after that everyone is free to destroy the system

[@artisticcreations6801]

DAVAUD Yoann then you are understanding quantum mechanics perfectly .

[@Mike10131994]

Isn't the Rindler Horizon behind the observer or am I mistaken? Shouldn't the horizon be generated opposite the direction of acceleration?

[@BothHands1]

Mike10131994 I'm pretty sure you're right - as far as i remember, it's created by parts of the universe leaving the area that's causally connected to the object, or rather, the object accelerating out of causal connection to space behind it. So it would be opposite of the direction of travel; though i could be wrong. But i feel like i watched a pbs spacetime about this lol

[@thedeemon]

That's right, it's behind the accelerating body, and it's flat, a plane, not a hyperbola.

[@grill-surf-bust]

The diagram around 11:00 looked wrong since it led to inertia pointing the wrong direction. If the error is as you say, then the diagram at 11:00 should have the background dots moving left instead of right. That'd at least point inertia opposed to acceleration.

[@joescott]

I thought there was maybe a 50% chance I got that right. Maybe. This falls into the "to the best of my knowledge, which is very shallow" category.

[@danieljensen2626]

Yeah, that actually makes a lot more sense. Inertia should oppose acceleration, not make you accelerate faster. But actually, I'm not convinced the horizon should really be close at all. Especially not close enough for the Casimir Effect to kick in. Gonna have to go watch the PBS Space Time episode on the Unruh Effect again...

[@jasonxland4399]

Mr. Petrov and Mr. Scott ; two of my favorite personalities on You Tube. Hello, and good tidings to you both.

[@Paulkjoss]

Great info delivered greatly - thanks Joe

[@bruinflight]

Science: can't find exotic dark matter. Hold my beer! Invents exotic radiation.

[@tokenlau7519]

Unruh radiation is predicted by general relativity.

[@Mosern1977]

Astronomy: Inventing physics as needed since 2000 BC.

[@randomdude8877]

@@Mosern1977 Yup thats a good one.

[@naxospade]

Difference being that QI seems to predict galaxy rotations without adjustments, where as dark matter must be sprinkled around and adjusted by physicists until it matches the galaxy rotation. Still, I chuckled :)

[@vacuumdiagrams652]

"Unruh radiation is predicted by general relativity." Not in the form in which it's being used here. For starters, it doesn't exert pressure, so it can't affect inertia one way or the other.

[@Salmach808]

me too, me too this is one of my most favorite episodes Joe, thank you

[@universalparadox4144]

Great...that choir chord will now be stuck in my head all day. AHHH (clouds parting)

[@ronaldgarrison8478]

It sounds like something that might have come with the original Fairlight CMI.

[@BigNewGames]

When 2 EM fields collide, i.e., come to a rest, the energy of the fields convert into pairs of particles. See law of conservation, energy cannot be destroyed. Thus the energy of the two fields colliding does not cancel out or destroyed but instead is converted into pairs of particles, see pair production theory. The unruh horizon 'radiation' hypothesis appears to be another example of pair production theory, see rendered images of the bow shock along the sun's Heliosphere. The casimir affect may have nothing to do with virtual particles but instead Fe in the metal may be causing a magnetic attraction between the two plates. I do like the fringe hypothesis. I've did the math on the movement of stars and galaxies and found that their movement was not related to their mass at all. In fact the correlation I discovered was with their age. It appears the older a galaxy or star is the faster speeds they reach, at a near perfect acceleration rate of about 1 mi/h increase every 10,000 years. Evidence which supports the Fringe hypothesis, seeing how the fringe hypothesis does not rely on the amount of mass in the star or galaxy either.

[@BigNewGames]

@@Ali-gh7rj I agree. Gravity is not a force. Gravity is a reaction because of an action occurring in mass! The warping of space is a reaction for the same reason. The flow of time is a reaction to this action. The expansion of space is a reaction to this action. The effect pinned on dark matter is also a reaction to this action. None of those observations are caused by gravity. Instead one single action in the universe causes all of those observed reactions. Thus gravity because it is a reaction and not an action cannot be measured at the quantum scale and also why general relativity cannot be linked to quantum mechanics.

[@UmbraHand]

@@Ali-gh7rj Science is such a religion that we funded a 5 billion dollar particle accelerator to disprove the Standard Model of Physics. You have the right to speak, as well as the right to being a moron

[@profoundpronoun4712]

Every morning when I see a fresh cup of coffee, it appears approaching through sunlit clouds with a choir of angels singing to me!

[@SquirrelASMR]

Joe scot my fav science channel because hes my favrit

[@Casey-Jones]

@@aVoidPiOver2Rad never herd of em

[@amit4rou]

@Richard Vanwinkle Vsauce is dead bro except only when he uploads a video to the channel

[@tokenlau7519]

@@amit4rou Why is it dead?

[@cawfeedawg]

@@amit4rou thats true about any channel

[@amit4rou]

@@cawfeedawg but that's less frequently true about Vsauce

[@panzrok8701]

5:04 your first prouncation of Mach was better :D.

[@rickc2102]

He still pronounced Ernst like an American, hehe...

[@Stonedog70]

Very interesting presentation. I was folding laundry and when you switch to yourself on your cell phone, I had to laugh. I really was paying attention though. I also know several people who would be on their phones ignoring you. Their loss. Again, awesome presentation. Thank you!

[@joevation]

Chasing Amy. Yes. You’re my new fave, Joe. 🤷🏼‍♂️

[@katzenjamma]

Where? When? I totally missed it!

[@Zekrow]

Love the alter ego fact checker ! Keep him on ;] You could use him to give you "fun" facts or semi-related interesting facts about your main subject. It's an awesome idea, keep it up!

[@SteveRowe]

In the US, it's called "play-by-play" and "color". And it would be great!

[@murraymadness4674]

He should also have a third dishelved guy making nonsense comments about his video...like some here . :)

[@woulg]

I really like the conversational nature of your videos, I wouldn't be offended if you were wrong about some stuff. I sort of think of it like you're a really interesting friend that I meet up with for drinks every once in a while and get to listen to your rant about your newest interest. Great vid as always :)

[@st3althyone]

Joe, I don’t know where you’re getting your information but Ernst Mach’s name is not pronounced mac as in the iMac, it’s pronounced “maak”

[@JohnMoseley]

Except with a bit of a gagging noise at the end.

[@MarioMartinez-ii9jz]

U r not only hilarious but brilliant!! I actually understand wat u were talking about.....okay kinda👍🤙😉

[@fan8706]

This is like my 45th Joe Scott video and I'm gonna need that brain bucket that was advertised like 20 videos back please.

[@fighterblade2451]

you"re too good love from india

[@allenrussell1947]

Dark matter/dark energy... The magical pixie dust of theoretical physics.

[@jarodstrain8905]

You do realize that the terms dark matter and dark energy or just placeholder terminology. They are simply referencing that we can see the effects of energy and matter at play but are unable to see the energy and matter itself.

[@Walter-wo5sz]

I like how we give something a name and then pretend we understand it.

[@jarodstrain8905]

@@Walter-wo5sz but of course the people giving things names are not the same ones pretending to understand things. They are the ones working toward understanding.

[@nathanmiller9918]

It's exactly as much "pixie dust" as black holes were 40 years ago...

[@stevenhoman2253]

And don't forget renormalization in mathematics. The answer is infinity, so you fudge it up.

[@Aangel452]

Just love your style, philosophy, inquisitiveness for outside the box, lost technology, science answers, all your research as well as your skill for awesome documentaries on such interesting topics. Great stuff as always 💜🧐

[@TheCarlTuckerson]

My favorite line, "...a little bit theoretical - its never been observed..." LOL

[@johnbarker2650]

My favorite line is illegal

[@HarshColby]

Thanks for the clear disclaimer. I hung out with an awesome astrophysicist for a couple of weeks on a cruise to Belize ... where he couldn't get away from me :) At one point he commented that your videos often convey inaccurate information. While this is true, I replied, Joe doesn't claim to be a physicist and says so clearly, so go easy on him. In another example, not related to your channel, a FermiLab research physicist told me he doesn't like going on the FermiLab public tours because he has an uncontrollable urge to interject corrections to what they say. So, even in great places like FermiLab, a presentation to the public is intended to inform as best as they can while not confusing the audience with detailed nuances they wouldn't comprehend anyway. Love your channel. Thanks!

[@CorwynGC]

lack of 'detailed nuances' should never equal 'inaccurate information'.

[@HarshColby]

@@CorwynGC Ideally, yes. It's often hard to put into practice, though.

[@CorwynGC]

@@HarshColby No, it's not. The trick is using a fact checker who isn't a) you, b) playing a game on his phone.

[@HarshColby]

@@CorwynGC In cases where facts are stated incorrectly, I agree. I was more referring to nuances. An example would be "photons move slower through materials than through a vacuum". Technically, this is not correct but when explaining the phenomena to non-physicists, it's sufficient to explain the observation without getting into the equations that the audience won't understand.

[@nikkorocksalot5254]

Reminds me of some thought experiments, one of which was trying to find the amount of space the was generated by creation/recombination of virtual particles that would mathematically equate the expansion of the universe

[@mikaelpalm2130]

"I call it a Hawking Hole!" ... Stephen Hawking, Futurama, season 2 episode 29

[@Hbhmini]

In the old west they called a spittoon

[@solanumtinkr8280]

You won't touch a Rindler Horizon with a 10 foot pole, but would you touch it with a quantized pole?

[@nathanscottshoemaker2554]

I'V had that happen on alpine skis. You explained it better than any lecture I've heard. I was calling it like a quantum.Bernoulli effect.

[@will2see]

They observed Hawking radiation in 2010??? I don't think so! This process has never been observed. It is purely theoretical.

[@tulliusagrippa5752]

Did Mach write an autobiography titled “iMac”?

[@francisboyle1739]

I read somewhere that he was a bit of an egotist and he called it "I am the Big Mach'.

[@stefaness2153]

In its original language the "ch" in Mach is pronounced like the "j" in "jalapeño", which kind of disables this joke

[@neohumanist8181]

Mach rhymes with Bach, so stop "mach-ing" his name.

[@jamesdriscoll9405]

The kids call him daddy

[@erikjarandson5458]

@@francisboyle1739 & Tullius Agrippa: If so, his descendants can virtually print money! That's some lawsuits against Apple and McDonald's! Stefan Skoda & Neo Humanist: Don't be spoilsports! Besides, Apple and McDee are American companies, and we all know Americans have no grasp of the voiceless velar fricative. Try any of that fancy-talk in a US court room, and the jury will get a good laugh!

[@kotogray8335]

I love how your humor is non-invasive 🙂

[@michaelfink64]

Hi Joe, could QI explain the otherwise unexplained acceleration of Oumuamua? Or is this due to the occupants hanging a left at Sol?

[@YagamiKou]

im pretty happi with the accuracy... it may not be 100% accurate but to be much more accurate you'd have to talk to experts which is super consuming for a channel like this plus all the subscribers correct the smol details, and i personally research the larger ideas. the basic explanation helps alot with the material, and with that i can wade through the rest of the information like Vsauce said in his TedTalk "the best way to make a video..... show the things, that allow your viewers to be who *they* want to be" and they are videos that give u the tools to do better, should u wish it they give u just enough to make u crave more info on the topic which greatly encourages personal research and even if that *research* only extends to a few related youtube videos id still think its a good environment to be in

[@jairhom1510]

VERY WELL composed video, compliments!! It has one hell of alot of ideas just how to break up complex material. Again well done!!

[@davidgreenwitch]

Wait what? They observed Hawking Radiation? How? As far as I know it way to weak to discover it. So could you show a source?!

[@josephedmond3723]

They probably didn't observe black holes in space. They probably observed it coming from kugoblitz black holes which can be formed in the Hadron Collider.

[@davidgreenwitch]

@@josephedmond3723 Well I also heaven't heard of this neither. At least it would be possible since (as stated before) the background radiation is too strong so we can't see Hawking Radiation in real live black holes. However I haven't heard they actually created one at CERN neither. As far as I understood it was just a possibility. Is this confirmed in any way? Or is it just a theoretical assumption. I know mathematically it seems correct but yet, "confirmed in 2010" (or what he said) seems a bit too optimistic.

[@lyreparadox]

"Observed" in a simulation.

[@Deqster]

"has anyone ever told you that you look exactly like a handsome man" "Why yes" "Me too. Me too" *Sexy look* Me: "be still my nerdy heart...."

[@rohannalawade3227]

When Joe talked about Mach's principle I remembered reading about it as a kid in Dead Famous: Albert Einstein. Amazing book must read.

[@smokey04200420]

I’ll be your fact checker: When you accelerate, you create an event horizon behind you, not in front of you. The faster you accelerate, the closer that the event horizon chases you.

[@kevintedder4202]

Agreed. The Unruh pressure difference, high ahead low behind, would resist your acceleration. The faster we try to accelerate the more resistance we experience. This would explain the inertia we experience, and why mass cannot attain the speed of light. So in a rotating galaxy, it is not the outer stars that move too fast, but the inner stars that move too slowly. They want to move faster but QI slows them down.

[@smokey04200420]

@@kevintedder4202 an independent thinker. The world needs more independent thinkers.

[@isonlynameleft]

Hawking radiation has been observed? That's news to me!

[@Scorp7867]

I love to humor you using your videos... 👍 thanks for the information

[@1188Gaming]

I assume you did this intentionally but at 8:52 you say "Paul Davies" but it says James Davies on screen.. Besides that all is good, thanks!

[@MeStevely]

J Double U It’s Paul.

[@piercearrow8860]

wasn't he in the Kinks, no that's Dave Davies.

[@antwan1357]

Dark matter , and dark energy , are merely mathematical constructs for subject matter that has gravity effects without the ability to see the source of the gravity.

[@Merennulli]

Dark matter is as you describe, an explanation for a large number of observed gravitational effects that don't fit with the amount of visible matter, and importantly there are too many of these "invisible mass" issues to dismiss dark matter with any theory that doesn't somehow put more mass in the system that ISN'T bound to existing mass. Unfortunately, a lot of these (like QI, apparently) are essentially trying to slap more mass properties onto visible matter, which doesn't actually work at all. Dark energy is an expansionary observation that is separate from dark matter. While some try to link the two together, this is more semantics than physics as the word "dark" is really the only thing linking them. One of the theories for dark energy is that it's a mass effect of baseline vacuum energy that, uniformly spread out, causes expansion. This hypothetical vacuum energy mass doesn't work for dark matter because it would be 1. uniform across the universe and 2. WAY too big.

[@michaelfhughes2604]

ALL EXPLAINED BETTER BY ELECTRICAL THEORY.

[@maurocanggianelli]

this video was great, well done mr scott

[@MonasteryK]

5:04 It's not pronounced 'mac' my dear fact checking clone Joe. Original Joe almost had it. It's /ˈmɑːx/ - m as in "mud", the a as the vowel in "mud" and the 'ch' ( = /x/) is a sound that is not part of the English language and is often used to make fun of the German languages. (Look up words like 'Nacht' or 'Buch' to hear it) Anyway: it is perfectly fine if you say /k/ for the 'ch' - as long as you use the right vowel. (Think of Johann Sebastian Bach) So, yeah: original Joe 1 - Fact check clone: 0

[@Synthetikaryote]

So, "muck" with some phlegm

[@charlesjmouse]

Thank you for yet another awesome video. :-D Such an interesting subject, and a real rabbit hole to jump down... I've always had a big problem with the idea of "dark matter". To me it seemed too much like an added complication to fudge our lack of understanding of what's really going on. Rather like the Earth-centric model of the solar system prior to Copernicus - how to get planetary motion right with the Earth at the middle? Epicycles! But that's just a fudge that doesn't further our understanding of what's really going on, for a certain value of "really". Sounds a bit like dark mater, eh? So "QI" could potentially solve that issue (along with many others) just like Copernicus did when he "rearranged" the solar system and improved our understanding... but then it all goes a bit runny: Much to my own disappointment it seems "dark matter" really is a thing, that we don't understand, and not necessarily an artifact of our incomplete understanding. eg: kzbin.info/www/bejne/lZa2ZZmwZ66il6c So: It's worse than not having the understanding of how a thing works, we really don't have the faintest clue how to even identify that thing! And: By extension "QI" is probably wrong, for a given value of wrong, because one of it's primary predictions (no dark matter) falls down... *sigh* and so we are also, probably, no closer to understanding what inertia actually is! Still, science would be very boring indeed if we had all the answers... and we'll probably be very wrong if we ever come to that conclusion. PS Here's some more fringe ideas: Maybe the reason we can't bring relativity and quantum mechanics together is we are looking at the problem in the wrong way. eg: -Maybe the arrow of causality is in the opposite direction to the way we think it is. The universe isn't built up from the bottom but down from the top - think of a clay sculpture. You're pretty sure how it looks but the smaller the scale the harder it becomes to predict how the clay moves as you push it about. - Sound familiar? -Maybe, highly disappointingly, the reason we haven't been able to put quantum mechanics together with relativity is because the latter has no intrinsic rules of it's own but is just a description of an emergent behavior based on the quantum realm? (eg: Langton's ant) That would be disappointing because there is no math that can predict specific emergent behaviors and so we'll never be able to bring the two theories together. -Maybe string theory just doesn't go far enough. Rather than a universe with 11ish dimentions consider a universe with a functionally infinite number of tiny dimensions all in contact with each other. Now consider those dimensions as a continuum where those "closest to you" appear to have "size" and those "further away" have less "size". Say you perceive the "nearest" 3 or 4 as "space-time" and the further ones as relatively so small you perceive them as the fundamental building blocks of matter out of which everything seems to be made... building blocks that are all actually and permanently in contact? Now consider how that relates to quantum mechanics (*cough* entanglement for instance) and relativity, and how that may link the two. Bonus points: I wonder if there is a way to change your "perspective" as to which dimensions appear large and which appear small? Sorry, I do like to ramble.

[@SilvioBritto]

Really interesting. One of your best I ever saw. Accessible and mind blowing. Translating some hard stuff very well.

[@abdur1996]

Hay wait a minute...this isnt an alien conspiracy channel. I've been lied to I say! *LIED SIR!* GOOD DAY *Tips Fedora

[@ollie42]

😂 👌

[@madderhat5852]

Dude, that's what he wants you to think.

[@RedBearAK]

I am far from an expert in QI, but parts of this seem incorrectly phrased according to my understanding. The vacuum plates are pushed together, not pulled, and the particle is pushed toward the Rindler horizon, not pulled. The point of QI is that gravity doesn’t exist. It’s like centrifugal force. The mass of an object like the Earth blocks Unruh radiation from the Hubble horizon (edge of the visible/detectable universe), so we are being pushed down onto the surface of the Earth by Unruh radiation from above. The phenomenon we call “gravity” becomes an imaginary force. What gives everything inertia is the interaction of matter with the field of Unruh radiation, and mass acts as a partial shield to some of the Unruh radiation wavelengths, creating an effect that we call “gravity”. It all makes a hell of a lot more practical sense than any other theory of gravity I’ve ever read about. But I could also be totally confused about all of this, even though I’ve been reading QI articles for years now.

[@isodoubIet]

"The phenomenon we call “gravity” becomes an imaginary force. What gives everything inertia is the interaction of matter with the field of Unruh radiation," How?

[@jimdawson2409]

So surrounding an object with balanced Unruh radiation field would cancel the effects of what we call gravity and make the object weightless? Then it follows that manipulating the field in such a way so as to cause a controlled imbalance in that field would push (or pull?) the object in the desired direction. That might explain a lot. Hmmmm.

[@RedBearAK]

@@jimdawson2409 - Exactly right, according to my understanding. QI seems to easily explain (with a very simple mathematical formula) a great many things, most especially the galaxy rotation anomaly that caused physicists to invent the dark matter concept in the first place. QI posits that the stars at the edge of spinning galaxies interact with more Unruh radiation wavelengths that push them back toward the center of the galaxy, thus keeping the galaxy from flying apart despite not having enough mass and "gravity" according to Newtonian physics or General Relativity. Things are "pulled" by gravity only in the sense that a primitive outside observer might think a car is being pulled by an invisible force as it drives down the highway. We understand how cars work, so we never think about it that way, nor are we motivated to invent an imaginary "Car Pulling Force" to explain why cars move. But for some reason we have this idea that objects with mass somehow reach out invisible grappling hooks and yank other mass toward themselves. Nothing about that ever really made sense to me. QI makes that concept unnecessary. There is only the pushing force of the field of Unruh radiation. Massive objects block certain wavelengths of Unruh radiation, so two massive objects will naturally get pushed toward each other by lowering the Unruh radiation pressure between them.

[@RedBearAK]

@@isodoubIet - I have no idea how the exact interaction works. An analogy the author of the QI theory uses is a ship at sea encountering waves of all different frequencies from all different directions. If you want to know more, google "physicsfromtheedge". You'll find a blog with links to articles and published peer-reviewed papers relating to the theory of Quantum Inertia.

[@isodoubIet]

@@RedBearAK The reason I asked the question is because the author himself doesn't answer it. He comes up with a story he thinks is plausible (but really isn't) and then plops down random equations around it. I can't even find a derivation of Unruh radiation in any of his papers. I'm quite convinced he doesn't know how to do it.

[@stephenfoster4271]

I missed this one last year, but want to mention once again, Haramien's schwartzchild proton theory. There's so much left to learn, and making up math to discribe what we don't understand should be simple.

[@nfcopier1]

He had ONE job! He didn't even get the pronunciation of Mach's name correct.

[@WildBillCox13]

He must have a low Mach number. ;-)

[@Noah-sl7rc]

Good morning people

[@SquirrelASMR]

Howdy I've been up for 3 hours because i had a scary dream I lived in the ghetto and shot people and got shot also, and i ripped the jaws of a somalian guy like king Kong did to that t rex

[@Mrdevs96]

@@SquirrelASMR wow

[@Mrdevs96]

have a good day

[@LelouchVelvet]

Good evening