LoRa/LoRaWAN tutorial 22: OTAA and Uplink Demonstration With The Things Network

[@mr.engsha7696]

the best tutorials at all in youtube !! Thank you SIR !!!!!! I like you

[@Mobilefish]

You are welcome!

[@minganzhong1172]

Thank you very much for your tutorials.

[@77jazu20]

Awesome video! Thank you so much for sharing your wisdom!

[@000Renegade000]

Dear Sir, where I try to running the Arduino IDE (ttn-otaa) I get the follow error 'LMIC_getSessionKeys' was not declared in this scope.......I can solve this issue, please ?

[@pdeepakjayan5515]

What is the default value of the spreading factor and Tx power used in this MCCI lorawan LMIC arduino library? How can I change those values? Please reply.

[@jithin_isaac]

Hey we don't need to reset frame counter in otaa mode whenever end node powers up in between .. it is compulsory to use in abp mode, unless we disable frame counter check.. very important to understand!

[@ludovicdegre2559]

thank you so much ! ❤❤❤

[@Scherif213]

Hi Robert, Which settings you have to use in the lmic_prjoect_config.h for the MKR WAN 1310?

[@blondisbarrios7454]

Hello Robert, did you know, how I can setup MISO/MOSI pins? Thanks

[@XaropeMaua]

Hello, Robert. Another question... Do you see any way to make a bulk activation of LoRa devices in TTN using the OTAA method? I mean, without registering each device manually in TTN and getting the parameters to input in the Arduino sketch? Thanks.

[@JuanCaG4]

Hello, very good video, congratulations. I have in my hands the LORA SX1278 module, the difference with yours is that it does not have the DIO1, and that if frequency working ranges from 410 to 525 Mhz. This work frequency is not among the library settings. Wouldn't your guide be useful for my module because that library only works with those frequencies and the sx1276 module? or could I configure my module in some way? Thank you.

[@hernanquinteros3809]

Great tutorial, mainly for people just like me not very in deep with Lora electronics, I am planning to implement this end device. At this moment do you have another recommendation about the MCU to use. I have an ESP32 (Wemos d1 r32) do you consider to much changes to implement with these board? Thank a lot and congratulation for the knowlwdgw you spread. Hernan

[@kadirozdinc6065]

Thanks for great explanation, the question in my mind is what do dio pins do ? Where can I find the related pin definition. For example dio2 is used in another example that other designers share but you dont use dio2 , what is the reason why you dont use I am so courious :)

[@l--1226]

you are great

[@syrlybekov]

Hello, Robert. Thank you for informative tutorials. I made exactly the same thing as you did in tutorial. However, the data that is sent by device is not displaying in the live data. What could be reason for this? Thanks

[@bumusay]

Is that komercial acount of TNN?

[@andrewlong9388]

Am I correct that you only need to do the OTAA Join once? After that you can send messages without sending OTAA Joins? Thanks

[@barnabasbalazs8344]

Hi... Thank you so much for this video series... It was very useful to me. A connection has been established on TTN network.. Unfortunately, I don't know one thing yet. How do I set it up "code rate". now 4/5 I want to set this value for example 4/8.. How can I do this? Where can I find this in the library? Please help me with this.. Thank you very much in advance.. (sorry for my english i am just learning i am now learning) :)

[@XaropeMaua]

Hello, Robert. What about the voltage level? For what I know, the "high level" voltage in Arduino is 5V and the RFM9X works with 3.3V max. Doesn't this damage the LoRa module in medium to long term? Thanks!

[@MU3LL3S]

I got a simple questions. Is this code valid for another host/server apart from TTN? Can you use the IDs and Keys from another provider???? Thanks

[@foibsgap1556]

Hi, really nice work, but I have a problem, when I am compiling I fail to transmit and I have this message to my monitor: Arduino\libraries\arduino-lmic-master\src\lmic\oslmic.c:53 I followed exactlly your steps. Do you know how can I solve this?

[@h.h4363]

Hello Great Video! But I have a problem when I open the serial monitor it tells me "Unable to connect : is the sketch using the bridge?" and it will not send the hello world data message to the server. How can I fix this please help me!

[@mr.engsha7696]

What about config.c file . Should we modify radio parameters i am also using 868 MH. I setted uplink with 868.1 and downlink for 869.525 but unfortunately i got error 441 Like this: Doc\Arduino\libraries\arduino-lmic-master\src\lmic adio.c:441 Any idea for this issue?

[@ZulfiqarAli-fn8ee]

I want to establish LoRa Network in NS3 simulator...Is it possible that i can found LoRa module in NS3 simulator...Need suggestions

[@Mobilefish]

Sorry, I do not know what a NS3 simulator is.

[@pdeepakjayan5515]

What does f-port number represent in TTN ? What is it used for ? Please reply.

[@roberthancock813]

Starting FAILURE /Users/robertlaptop/Documents/Arduino/libraries/MCCI_LoRaWAN_LMIC_library/src/lmic/oslmic.c:53 I am getting the above failure to start-any ideas where I should look to troubleshoot?

[@samasenis]

Hello Robert, Is this issue fixed for you. I am also facing similar issue.

[@maxmar1981]

Hi Robert. I have the same problem. Coud you fix this ??

[@WA4OSH]

At 08:50 you copy the DevEUI, the AppEUI, and the AppKey from the TTN Devices console. Both the DevEUI and AppEUI are copied in LSB order and the AppKey is copied in MSB order. Is this Big Endian / Little Endian or MSB/LSB byte order dependent on the microprocessor used (PIC, Arduino, RPi, STM32, etc.) or due to the LMIC library? I'm trying to understand this same issue for newer, integrated chips like the RN2903/RN2483 and the R34/R35. These chips have an integrated MAC layer.

[@WA4OSH]

Hex, lsb or msb? TTN Forum: www.thethingsnetwork.org/forum/t/hex-lsb-or-msb/2809

[@roberthancock813]

The next problem was a loose solder joint in the boars causing it to restart. Fixed that and now I am getting this message. 11:26:37.579 -> Starting 11:26:37.613 -> Packet queued 11:26:37.613 -> 211: EV_JOINING 11:26:42.134 -> 282168: EV_TXSTART 11:26:42.134 -> FAILURE 11:26:42.134 -> /Users/roberthancock/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ MCCI_LoRaWAN_LMIC_library/src/lmic/radio.c:523 11:28:28.295 -> Starting 11:28:28.329 -> Packet queued 11:28:28.329 -> 225: EV_JOINING 11:28:28.886 -> 35163: EV_TXSTART 11:28:33.868 -> FAILURE 11:28:33.868 -> /Users/roberthancock/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ MCCI_LoRaWAN_LMIC_library/src/lmic/radio.c:621 11:30:19.378 -> Starting 11:30:19.412 -> Packet queued 11:30:19.412 -> 213: EV_JOINING 11:30:20.160 -> 45414: EV_TXSTART 11:30:25.093 -> FAILURE 11:30:25.093 -> /Users/roberthancock/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ MCCI_LoRaWAN_LMIC_library/src/lmic/radio.c:621 11:31:23.218 -> Starting 11:31:23.254 -> Packet queued 11:31:23.254 -> 233: EV_JOINING 11:31:27.318 -> 254887: EV_TXSTART 11:31:27.318 -> FAILURE 11:31:27.318 -> /Users/roberthancock/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ MCCI_LoRaWAN_LMIC_library/src/lmic/radio.c:523 Here are the relevant lines in the radio.c.library static void txlora () { // select LoRa modem (from sleep mode) //writeReg(RegOpMode, OPMODE_LORA); opmodeLora(); ASSERT((readReg(RegOpMode) & OPMODE_LORA) != 0); // enter standby mode (required for FIFO loading)) opmode(OPMODE_STANDBY); // configure LoRa modem (cfg1, cfg2) configLoraModem(); // configure frequency configChannel(); // configure output power writeReg(RegPaRamp, (readReg(RegPaRamp) & 0xF0) | 0x08); // set PA ramp-up time 50 uSec configPower(); // set sync word writeReg(LORARegSyncWord, LORA_MAC_PREAMBLE); // set the IRQ mapping DIO0=TxDone DIO1=NOP DIO2=NOP writeReg(RegDioMapping1, MAP_DIO0_LORA_TXDONE| MAP_DIO1_LORA_NOP|MAP_DIO2_LORA_NOP); // clear all radio IRQ flags writeReg(LORARegIrqFlags, 0xFF); // mask all IRQs but TxDone writeReg(LORARegIrqFlagsMask, ~IRQ_LORA_TXDONE_MASK); // initialize the payload size and address pointers writeReg(LORARegFifoTxBaseAddr, 0x00); writeReg(LORARegFifoAddrPtr, 0x00); writeReg(LORARegPayloadLength, LMIC.dataLen); // download buffer to the radio FIFO writeBuf(RegFifo, LMIC.frame, LMIC.dataLen); // enable antenna switch for TX hal_pin_rxtx(1); // now we actually start the transmission opmode(OPMODE_TX); #if LMIC_DEBUG_LEVEL > 0 u1_t sf = getSf(LMIC.rps) + 6; // 1 == SF7 u1_t bw = getBw(LMIC.rps); u1_t cr = getCr(LMIC.rps); LMIC_DEBUG_PRINTF("%"LMIC_PRId_ostime_t": TXMODE, freq=%"PRIu32", len=%d, SF=%d, BW=%d, CR=4/%d, IH=%d ", os_getTime(), LMIC.freq, LMIC.dataLen, sf, bw == BW125 ? 125 : (bw == BW250 ? 250 : 500), cr == CR_4_5 ? 5 : (cr == CR_4_6 ? 6 : (cr == CR_4_7 ? 7 : 8)), getIh(LMIC.rps) ); #endif } // start transmitter (buf=LMIC.frame, len=LMIC.dataLen) static void starttx () { u1_t const rOpMode = readReg(RegOpMode); // originally, this code ASSERT()ed, but asserts are both bad and // blunt instruments. If we see that we're not in sleep mode, // force sleep (because we might have to switch modes) if ((rOpMode & OPMODE_MASK) != OPMODE_SLEEP) { #if LMIC_DEBUG_LEVEL > 0 LMIC_DEBUG_PRINTF("?%s: OPMODE != OPMODE_SLEEP: %#02x ", __func__, rOpMode); #endif opmode(OPMODE_SLEEP); hal_waitUntil(os_getTime() + ms2osticks(1)); } if (LMIC.lbt_ticks > 0) { oslmic_radio_rssi_t rssi; radio_monitor_rssi(LMIC.lbt_ticks, &rssi); #if LMIC_X_DEBUG_LEVEL > 0 LMIC_X_DEBUG_PRINTF("LBT rssi max:min=%d:%d %d times in %d ", rssi.max_rssi, rssi.min_rssi, rssi.n_rssi, LMIC.lbt_ticks); #endif if (rssi.max_rssi >= LMIC.lbt_dbmax) { // complete the request by scheduling the job os_setCallback(&LMIC.osjob, LMIC.osjob.func); return; } } if(getSf(LMIC.rps) == FSK) { // FSK modem txfsk(); } else { // LoRa modem txlora(); } // the radio will go back to STANDBY mode as soon as the TX is finished // the corresponding IRQ will inform us about completion. } enum { RXMODE_SINGLE, RXMODE_SCAN, RXMODE_RSSI }; static CONST_TABLE(u1_t, rxlorairqmask)[] = { [RXMODE_SINGLE] = IRQ_LORA_RXDONE_MASK| IRQ_LORA_RXTOUT_MASK, [RXMODE_SCAN] = IRQ_LORA_RXDONE_MASK, [RXMODE_RSSI] = 0x00, }; // start LoRa receiver (time=LMIC.rxtime, timeout=LMIC.rxsyms, result=LMIC.frame[LMIC.dataLen]) static void rxlora (u1_t rxmode) { // select LoRa modem (from sleep mode) opmodeLora(); ASSERT((readReg(RegOpMode) & OPMODE_LORA) != 0); // enter standby mode (warm up)) opmode(OPMODE_STANDBY); // don't use MAC settings at startup if(rxmode == RXMODE_RSSI) { // use fixed settings for rssi scan writeReg(LORARegModemConfig1, RXLORA_RXMODE_RSSI_REG_MODEM_CONFIG1);

[@Mobilefish]

Robert, to help you I need to know the lines where the error occurs. See: github.com/mcci-catena/arduino-lmic/blob/master/src/lmic/radio.c#L523 but as you can see your code and my code (the latest version) does not match because you are using another version. I assume you have not modified the radio.c file. So to help you out: Go to github and give me the correct LINENUMBERS where the error occurs, for example: github.com/mcci-catena/arduino-lmic/blob/master/src/lmic/radio.c#L523 github.com/mcci-catena/arduino-lmic/blob/master/src/lmic/radio.c#L526 As you can see these linenumbers are not correct, because they refer to an empty line and a comment.

[@roberthancock813]

In radio.c, Line #523 ASSERT((readReg(RegOpMode) & OPMODE_LORA) != 0); and Line #621 ASSERT((readReg(RegOpMode) & OPMODE_LORA) != 0); Thanks for any help you can suggest.

[@Mobilefish]

@@roberthancock813 Which radio are you using? sx1272 or sx1276 If you use sx1272, than in project_config/lmic_project_config.h file, enter: #define CFG_sx1272_radio 1 If you use sx1276, than in project_config/lmic_project_config.h file, enter: #define CFG_sx1276_radio 1

[@PABLOXAVIERBRIONESROMERO6838]

@@Mobilefish pls, im used sx1278, need i modific config file to sx1278, the radio file to sx1278?? help me pls, i have 2 question more pls

[@pdeepakjayan5515]

The videos were very helpful to have an idea about LoRaWAN . If I don't have a gateway nearby or in an area of 10km, Can I use " The Things gateway" to send the data from the LoRa node to "The Things network". I have to activate the gateway first. Other than that ,do I need to make any changes in the LMIC code or need any extra hardware part to connect the LoRa node to the gateway. Please reply.

[@Mobilefish]

Ehhh, I think you are missing the point. Your laptop with ONLY WIFI capability equals an end node. Your Wifi router equals a LoRaWAN gateway. Google website equals The Things Network. If there is NO Wifi router nearby, can you access the Google website on your laptop?

[@Gowrilekshmi2021]

@@Mobilefish FANTASTIC

[@benmessaoudimene3208]

Hi SIr , how can I add my gateway antenna to the TTN and how can I add it to my application?

[@roberthancock813]

OK, on checking carefully again, that first error was due to a pin map mistake, but after correcting the error, now I am seeing the characters stst appear when I select Serial Monitor at the final stage. Any idea what might cause that? The LoraWAN RPI hat (Lora/GPS) is less than 1 m from the node and is connected to TTN.

[@Mobilefish]

Robert, it is very difficult for me to help you out. I do not know the LoraWAN RPI hat. Of the top of my hat, just some random solutions: 1) Make sure jumper wires are not broken and the jumper wire connectors are not loose. 2) Make sure you connect the jumper wires to the same GND on Arduino and LoraWAN RPI hat. 3) In my tutorials I am using the HopeRF RFM95. I do not know the LoraWAN RPI hat? Which LoRa module is it using? It might be that the pin mapping is different.

[@GOWTHAMKRISHGowthamShanmugaraj]

In LORAWAN when using gateway (not in promiscuous mode) , can i use my own server instead of Things network or AWS or something else?

[@Mobilefish]

Yes, you can. Watch tutorial 31: kzbin.info/www/bejne/pKGXo3yHlNmYiJY www.mobilefish.com/download/lora/lora_part31.pdf Note: LoRa Server is renamed to ChirpStack: www.chirpstack.io/

[@tussinispaguetti4605]

Hi, thanks for these toturials. My node is constantly in the loop of EV_TXSTART and not payload (hello world!) message is transmitted. The TTN console shows only the dev addr, app eui and dev eui

[@moffel96]

I have the exact problem, have you found any solution by now?

[@moffel96]

Apparently it sometimes does send the message, i think it needs to have a better connection

[@maxmar1981]

Hi Robert , I have problem connecting my Arduino Uno with Rak811 Shield. I don´t know which are the correct pins . Please help me

[@Mobilefish]

Have you checked: www.hackster.io/naresh-krish/using-the-rak811-lora-module-with-arduino-a38de8

[@Mobilefish]

Or checkout: forum.rakwireless.com/

[@prajwalshetty4910]

hellow sir i got error:stray '#' in program please help!!

[@samasenis]

Hello Robert, with the Arduino Uno + RFM95 Lora Transceiver module Getting the following error: Starting FAILURE C:\Users\\Documents\Arduino\libraries\MCCI_LoRaWAN_LMIC_library\src\lmic adio.c:621 Checked the source code: // start LoRa receiver (time=LMIC.rxtime, timeout=LMIC.rxsyms, result=LMIC.frame[LMIC.dataLen]) static void rxlora (u1_t rxmode) { // select LoRa modem (from sleep mode) opmodeLora(); ASSERT((readReg(RegOpMode) & OPMODE_LORA) != 0); // enter standby mode (warm up)) opmode(OPMODE_STANDBY); Any idea why this error is popping: 1. Is it due to levelshifing issues 5.0V vs 3.3V 2. Or something else. Thanks in advance.

[@Mobilefish]

The line number does not match anything: github.com/mcci-catena/arduino-lmic/blob/master/src/lmic/radio.c#L621 You probably using a different version or modified the file.

[@samasenis]

@@Mobilefish Thanks. Just to save time. I just installed the library from the link you have provided here. I am getting the following error: Starting FAILURE C:\Users\\Documents\Arduino\libraries\arduino-lmic-master\src\lmic\oslmic.c:53 I checked the code at the given file name and line void os_init() { if (os_init_ex((const void *)&lmic_pins)) return; ASSERT(0); } It is AEERT(0); Any clues? Similar to the post: Robert Hancock Robert Hancock 2 days ago Starting FAILURE /Users/robertlaptop/Documents/Arduino/libraries/MCCI_LoRaWAN_LMIC_library/src/lmic/oslmic.c:53 I am getting the above failure to start-any ideas where I should look to troubleshoot? Thanks in advance.

[@Mobilefish]

@@samasenis 1) Make sure jumper wires are not broken and the jumper wire connectors are not loose. Use multimeter and check it! Are the breadboard connections ok?? It may seems silly to check these but I had problems with my breadboard AND jumper wires and waisted LOTS of time! 2) Make sure you connect the jumper wires to the same GND on Arduino and HopeRF. 3) Check your connections. This is mine (check and DOUBLE check) www.mobilefish.com/images/developer/lorawan_rfm95_arduino_large.jpg Image from tutorial: www.mobilefish.com/developer/lorawan/lorawan_quickguide_build_lora_node_rfm95_arduino_uno.html 4) Based on step 3, this is my pin mapping: const lmic_pinmap lmic_pins = { .nss = 10, .rxtx = LMIC_UNUSED_PIN, .rst = 5, .dio = {2, 3, LMIC_UNUSED_PIN}, };

[@wongtszkitken13]

hi mobile fish,I am new to LoraWan. I would like to know why I upload the lmic-abp file to the 433MHz lora shield with entering the network section key, app section key and devaddress. When I open the serial monitor of Arduino , it stucks and loop in packet queued and EV_TXComplete ( includes waiting for RX windows) while the ttn shows not connected of my device.

[@wongtszkitken13]

my gateway is lg-01 p which is function at 433mhz. I registered a 868Mhz frequency plan at ttn and it shows that is connected

[@Mobilefish]

If you use the OTAA mode you must use the ttn-otaa sketch as demonstrated in the video. In my next video Tutorial 24, i will demonstrate the ABP mode. In that mode you use the ttn-abp sketch.

[@Mobilefish]

Always make sure you use the correct frequency plan which applies to your country. For example if you live in USA, the US902-928 applies to you. www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html If you use the MCCI Arduino LMIC library, you use: #define CFG_us915 1 Why it works for you I do not know.

[@Mobilefish]

I just Googled "lg-01 p" and I noticed that it is a single channel gateway. Please note: A single channel gateway is not a real LoRaWAN gateway.

[@wongtszkitken13]

The lg01-p gateway show connected in ttn but no packet is forwarded to ttn

[@tejeshwvardhan1165]

Will it work with stm32duino bluepill?

[@Mobilefish]

Yes, read: wolfgangklenk.wordpress.com/2018/01/06/stm32-microcontroller-and-lora-breakout-board/

can we use Lora without an account of thingsnetwork?

[@Mobilefish]

Yes, by setting up your own private network. See: www.thethingsnetwork.org/forum/t/how-to-create-a-new-lora-network/2784 Please note: I have no knowledge about setting up your own private network. I will investigate this in the future...

[@milofonbil]

There's a difference between LoRa (point-to-point, PHY only) and LoRaWAN. LoRa is just point to point. You won't need a TTN account for this. LoRaWAN on the other hand connects via a gateway and a server to an application server. There's TTN, private networks such as Comcast's machineQ, and your own private homebrew network. You will need an account with TTN, machineQ, or your own private network.

[@BYAZIT]

Thanks for the tutorial. I was trying to connect LoRa gateway by using ttgo SX1276 and pin configuration was the issue. I am using this config const lmic_pinmap lmic_pins = { .nss = 18, .rxtx = LMIC_UNUSED_PIN, .rst = 14, .dio = {26, 33, LMIC_UNUSED_PIN}, }; But still can't connect to LoRa gateway!

[@Mobilefish]

Byazit, there are many LoRa modules. If you have a problem with a LoRa module I recommend that you post your question at The ThingsNetwork forum. I have found this information, but I am not sure if this solves your problem. www.thethingsnetwork.org/forum/t/big-esp32-sx127x-topic-part-3/18436

[@BYAZIT]

@@Mobilefish I fixed it, thanks for your help!

[@stalinjohn721]

Hi, how can i contact you?