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Tent type temporary shade net structure is developed for cultivation of tomato & capsicum during summer season. The productivity and quality of any produce is influenced by the genetic characteristics of the cultivar, environment and agronomical management. Under open field cultivation, we can best manage agronomical management and there is no control on environment around the plant.
During summer season the major challenges in cultivation of tomato & capsicum are high soil & air temperature and high light intensity than required for successful cultivation. The temperature and light intensity changes throughout the year at any location in the open field. Once we construct the permanent shade net structure, it reduces the light intensity through the year. Reduction of light intensity depends upon type and color of shade net material. It has been found that green color shade net (35-50%) structure reduces the temperature (1-30C) & light intensity and provide better environment during March to May, while the environment especially light intensity during remaining months in a year (June-February) is not favorable for cultivation of tomato & capsicum. The response of tomato & capsicum to shading may vary in different geographical areas, seasons and cultivars, and due to agricultural practices such as planting density, irrigation, fertilization and other factors. Due to low light intensity during June-February in permanent shade net structure, vegetative growth is favored over reproductive growth and the fruit set are reduced due to lack of photo assimilates affecting the productivity severely. During winter/rain season, the Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD) level is far from adequate and as light being the energy source promoting photosynthesis and growth in plants it follows that under low PPFD the other environmental factors cannot be utilized efficiently.
The tomato & capsicum is cultivated under plastic mulch (25 micron, silver/black or white/black) with drip irrigation-fertigation system. The erection of tent type temporary shade net structure is done for reducing the air temperature & light intensity. The bamboo is used for erection of tent type temporary shade net (green, 35-50%) structure at 2 meter above the ground surface and 0.5 m drop down from top around structure. The construction cost of temporary tent type temporary shade net (35-50%) is around Rs. 50-55/m2