magnetic effect of steady current 10th class physics chapter 15 | magnetic effect of current in urdu

magnetic effect of steady current 10th class physics chapter 15 | magnetic effect of current in urdu
Electromagnetism is the study of magnetic effects of
current. The use of electromagnetism in different fields of
science and technology is very wide. Motors and electric
meters are based on the effect of magnetism produced by
the electric current in wires. Generators produce electric
current due to the movement of wires near very large
magnets.
15.1 MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF A STEADY CURRENT
Ampere discovered that when a current passes through a
conductor, it produces magnetic field around it. To
demonstrate this, we take a straight conductor wire and pass
it vertically through a cardboard . Now connect
(Fig.15.1-a)
the two ends of the conductor wire with the terminals of the
battery so that current flows through the circuit in the
clockwise direction. The lines of force of the magnetic field
produced around the wire would be in the form of concentric
circles. If we place a compass needle at different points in the
region of magnetic field, it will align along the direction of
magnetic field. Also if we sprinkle some iron filings on the
cardboard around the wire, they will align themselves in
concentric circles in the clockwise direction
terminals of the battery, the compass needle also reverses its
direction. Now the magnetic field lines will align in the
anticlockwise direction (Fig.15.1-b). The magnetic field
produced is stronger near the current-carrying conductor
and weaker farther away from it.
Direction of magnetic field
The direction of the magnetic field is governed by the
direction of the current flowing through the
conductor. A simple method of finding the direction
of magnetic field around the conductor is the Right
Hand Grip Rule.
Grasp a wire with your right hand such that your thumb is
pointed in the direction of current. Then curling fingers of
your hand will point in the direction of the magnetic field.
Activity 15.1: Take a straight piece of wire and bend it in the
form of a single loop. Now pass it through a cardboard having
two holes. Connect the ends of loop to a battery so that a
current starts flowing through it (Fig.15.3). Now sprinkle
some iron filings on the cardboard. Note the pattern of the
iron filings formed on the cardboard. Do the magnetic field
lines between the two parts of the loop resemble to that of
the bar magnet?
Magnetic field of a solenoid
A coil of wire consisting of many loops is called a
solenoid (Fig.15.4). The field from each loop in a
solenoid adds to the fields of the other loops and creates
greater total field strength. Electric current in the
solenoid of wire produces magnetic field which is similar
to the magnetic field of a permanent bar magnet. When
this current-carrying solenoid is brought close to a
suspended bar magnet, one end of the re
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