Major Secrets Revealed by First Bioluminescent Organism on Earth

Get a Wonderful Person Tee: teespring.com/stores/whatdamath
More cool designs are on Amazon: amzn.to/3QFIrFX
Alternatively, PayPal donations can be sent here: paypal.me/whatdamath
Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about the origins of bioluminescence
Links:
academic.oup.com/sysbio/artic...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/e...
Population bottleneck: • Turns Out, Human Ances...
#bioluminescence #bioluminescent #glowinthedark
0:00 Bioluminescence and its evolution
1:00 Molecular mechanism
1:45 How did this evolve though?
2:10 Crustaceans that started this long ago - blue sand
3:15 Octacorals - new record holders
4:40 Why they glow
5:40 Why some of them lost the ability
6:30 Eye connection
7:10 Why bioluminescence exists
7:55 Was this a mutation to protect from oxygen?
9:30 Conclusions
Support this channel on Patreon to help me make this a full time job:
/ whatdamath
Bitcoin/Ethereum to spare? Donate them here to help this channel grow!
bc1qnkl3nk0zt7w0xzrgur9pnkcduj7a3xxllcn7d4
or ETH: 0x60f088B10b03115405d313f964BeA93eF0Bd3DbF
Space Engine is available for free here: spaceengine.org
Enjoy and please subscribe.
Twitter: / whatdamath
Facebook: / whatdamath
Twitch: / whatdamath
The hardware used to record these videos:
New Camera: amzn.to/34DUUlv
CPU: amzn.to/2LZFQCJ
Video Card: amzn.to/2M1W26C
Motherboard: amzn.to/2JYGiQQ
RAM: amzn.to/2Mwy2t4
PSU: amzn.to/2LZcrIH
Case: amzn.to/2MwJZz4
Microphone: amzn.to/2t5jTv0
Mixer: amzn.to/2JOL0oF
Recording and Editing: amzn.to/2LX6uvU
Some of the above are affiliate links, meaning I would get a (very small) percentage of the price paid.
Thank you to all Patreon supporters of this channel
Special thanks also goes to all the wonderful supporters of the channel through KZbin Memberships
Credit:
Nhobgood CC BY-SA 3.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octocor...
Anna33 CC BY 2.5 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostraco...
PhotoandGrime (Pieke Roelofs) CC BY 3.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biolumi...
lalalfdfa CC BY-SA 3.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biolumi...
Wofl CC BY-SA 2.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biolumi...
Masaki Miya CC BY 2.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biolumi...
Ikjbagl CC BY-SA 4.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostraco...
MBARI • Bioluminescence in the...
Nick Hobgood CC BY-SA 3.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biolumi...
Licenses used:
creativecommons.org/licenses/...
creativecommons.org/licenses/...
creativecommons.org/licenses/...
creativecommons.org/licenses/...
creativecommons.org/licenses/...
creativecommons.org/licenses/...
creativecommons.org/licenses/...
creativecommons.org/licenses/...

[@CanadaFlo]

its only light now that plants can create, but give it some time and plants start shooting with lasers

[@metatechnologist]

The ones that shoot lasers are the ones that don't get eaten....

[@ichoppabroccoli3670]

They'll make a "pew pew" sound when they do it too.

[@johnmarkson1998]

shooting photon beams attracts predators and thus the plant dies out over time.

[@AnalyticalReckoner]

plants vs zombies 3

[@KenFullman]

Another recent discovery is that the scent of mown grass is produced by grass when it's under attack. It seems this scent attracts predators of the insects that usually eat the grass. So by producing this scent it's actually calling for a predator to come and get the offending insect. So given a few million years, grass will have it's own weapon to shoot anyone that dares to approach it with a lawn mower.

[@jamesraymond1158]

Great story. When it's a slow day in astrophysics, biology always has something to offer.

[@johnnypatros1993]

It seems like those creatures achieved enlightenment

[@Deletirium]

50 points deducted from Hufflepuff for an unauthorized use of a basement tier pun.

[@malaikamillions]

I love the random comedy I can find in the comments of his videos. What a cool community he has.

[@stevenkarnisky411]

Have to give you a glowing review for this one, Anton! May your light continue to shine for us!

[@ThePdog3k]

😂

[@mikelarmanis9340]

I've heard second hand that if you eat the bioluminescent mushrooms "they recharge your batteries"

[@stevengill1736]

Dunno about that, but might make your piss glow in the dark. ;^[} Someone should talk to Paul Stamets about crossing Psilocybe with Omphalotus spp (jack-o'-lantern mushroom) - then you'd have shrooms that glow in the dark, and then make you see glow in the dark stuff everywhere after you eat them.

[@axle.student]

When I was a wee youngen I collected a heap of fireflies in a jar to try and make a night light. They all died and I felt really bad :(

[@Deletirium]

​​@@stevengill1736Those would sell like hotcakes, just on word of mouth alone...

[@susanm9124]

So groovy, this planet. Thank you for explaining the details to us and making these lesson fun!

[@oiomeme]

Least alien anthon viewer

[@bernabereyes9726]

😂 So groovy, indeed.

[@ResetAll-ni4dp]

Science is in great development in every field. My religion, Islam, attaches importance to science and supports both philosophy and technology. The Quran says that the sun and the moon are in a certain orbit, and the harmony in the world and the magnificence in space show the greatness of Allah.

[@tatersquad2000]

Lucifer means "light bringer", very cool naming of these molecules!

[@randallpetersen9164]

Lucifer the Morning Star

[@Yezpahr]

4:24 Oh my lord, Anton used a pun! This is a new era of the channel.

[@nadyan9525]

I just had a thought... if places like Europa and Enceladus do have life, they might have creatures that bioluminesce also? Underneath all that ice. Wouldn't that be beautiful.

[@Deletirium]

Beautiful image to think about.

[@luipaardprint]

Have those scientists ever considered that bioluminescence evolved so many times just because it’s cool? Everybody likes stuff that glows.

[@tesseract_1982]

Yes, definitely sexy. Makes one want to talk about eggs. If they wiggle the glowy fin's tip in that seductive way... rawwr. Makes one want to spawn allover their hollow in the sand! If only these shrimp would go away... they look hungry... ( 😅 )

[@qdllc]

Every civilization has its rave phase.

[@jordangowin516]

This post is so plur.

[@Giantcrabz]

i want a pet anglerfish

[@ResetAll-ni4dp]

Science has been in great development in the last century. Religion and science support each other. Islam values ​​science. The existence of the world is in a great order. The formation of day and night, seasons, the continuous growth of space, and the fact that each planet is beautiful and magnificent in its own way shows the greatness of Allah. It is Allah who creates this from nothing. He created it to serve people so that we can be thankful

[@binksterb]

Shine little glow worm glitter!!

[@audiolivrobom]

Bioluminescence is what happens when I see there's a new video from your channel, and it makes me smile. Luv u, Anton.

[@JHadsfsad]

pretty sure they do it because it looks awesome

[@grim1427]

Thanks Anton. Hope you are well.

[@iambiggus]

Dinoflagellates sparkle every night on the brightest bio bay on Earth. Vieques, Puerto Rico.

[@MyraSeavy]

Gosh, Anton! Your videos are always so informative and entertaining! And, I love your smile! You are an all-around great person!! 😊❤

[@Joe_1sr9]

Myra fancy’s Anton 😊

[@MyraSeavy]

@Joe_1sr9 Yes I do!! 😊❤️

[@Deletirium]

Right? Hands down, my favourite science-themed YT channel, along with PBS Spacetime. He's so good at packing a lot of complex info into a concise, layperson-accessible video.

[@SamtheIrishexan]

Glowing developed because it looks 😎

[@stevejohnson3357]

I wonder if any of those bio-luminescent mushrooms are good in a stir fry.

[@pattiklaus9580]

Would it glow?

[@robertunderwood1011]

Chemical reactions that produce light or fairly rare . Are there any chemical reactions that produce ultraviolet?

[@nunyabisnass1141]

​@@robertunderwood1011too much energy required for this type of chemical reaction.

[@nunyabisnass1141]

Of the dozen or so I've read about, they are either slightly to moderately toxic, or woody like shelf fungi. In America they often go by the name of foxfire or fairy lantern, and you can buy plugs that are already inoculated to grow them for yourself.

[@Deletirium]

I would imagine the constituent chemicals would oxidize into oblivion quickly with heat and dicing. My daughter has Down Syndrome, and I used to buy her those 100 packs of glowsticks to play with when she was a baby. When cracking one of them for her, the stick ruptured, and I ended up with neon glow in the dark hands for about 5 minutes. I tried taking a few outside and painting the steps with spatters of glow, but it lost it's luminescence within a minute or two on exposure to air...

[@Wispertile]

This channel has become a staple in my routine! Thank you so much Anton! It’s been a refreshing break from True Crime.

[@axle.student]

Thanks Anton, this is really kool stuff. As a side note on the greens and blue colors. The marine environment color range is in shades of green to ultraviolet. Many species have ultraviolet iridescence. We cannot typically see this ultraviolet as humans, but under a soft UV light at night we can catch a glimpse of it. The nighttime marine environment if far "Brighter" than out human eyes realize :)

[@Reoh0z]

> "Radiant beings are we, not this crude matter." ~ Yoda

[@joewhitfield5561]

Isn't it "Luminous beings"?

[@lookingfororion2785]

@@joewhitfield5561 Yes it is. One of my favorite scenes ever.

[@jasonlow6943]

Amazing stuff. Thanks Anton for the wonderful video.

[@guidokorber2866]

Actually most white LEdDs today are at better than 50% efficiency, some getting up to about 70%. On the quantum level they are even more efficient but some of the light does not exit the semiconductor crystal or gets lost in the phosphor that does the blue to white translation of the light.

[@punditgi]

Anton is also luminescent since he shines light on all kinds of knowledge. 🎉😊

[@jimcurtis9052]

Wonderful as always Anton. Thank you. 👍☺️

[@karldubhe8619]

very bright of them.

[@saffron584]

Another great Anton video

[@boris53703]

Greetings Anton, great vlogs, one minor correction, not archaeological but palaeontological, please keep up the good work, always fascinating and informative!!!

[@badhombre4942]

Coral, feeling threatened, starts to breathe heavy, triggering its antioxidant reaction. Biologists: Oh, it's "turned on".

[@finbeats]

Watch one of your videos every morning 😅

[@Snoopyzell]

Fascinating. Thanks. So informative and interesting.

[@sonarbangla8711]

We need Anton to explain the basic nature of reality, light.

[@danielle78730]

WOW! one of your most exciting vids yet!! thanks so much for all your hard work and the research you put into making these…am sending this one to my molecular bio professor friend at UT.

[@okiejammer2736]

Love this. 🌟 THANK YOU!

[@PaulLemars01]

JUst a small side anecdote to this subject. Back in the mists of time (1991) We were producing an animated kids' series called Roughnecks, The Starship Trooper Chronicles. It was one of the first 3D animated TV series ever made. One of the problems we had was that try as we might the characters just looked dead. We tried every filtering and image manipulation trick in the book to bring these characters to life and nothing worked. Then one of the guys ran a little test. He made one of the characters skin a 5% light source. In other word they radiated a tiny amount of light and lo and behold they 'came to life'. We used it on all the other shows we worked on, even when we did CG characters in live action.

[@MCsCreations]

The abyss fish is nightmare material right there.

[@TraceMalin]

So, the ocean is saying come eat this surfer.

[@ChiliTomatoNoodle]

Fact check: LED lights are more like 40% efficient, not "only 20% efficient". 20% efficiency is akin to a relatively efficient incandescent light (i.e. not efficient at all in the grand scheme of things).

[@ImOverEveryone]

Could it have been a defense mechanism? So those with eyes didn't run into them? Especially when the Earth was darker. So they glow to keep themselves from getting smashed by a shark or whale for instance?

[@tkermi]

Best LEDs have much higher efficiency than 20%. Best white LEDs have package efficiency of over 70% and blue ones around 90%. But more typical values for mid bracket high quality ones are in a range of 55% and 70%.

[@davidh.4944]

That's efficiency relative to equivalent incandescent bulbs. The video is referring to absolute lumens/watt efficiency. A quick search says that the diodes themselves actually produce light at about 30-40% of their theoretical maximum. I suppose the 20% comes from counting in the additional inefficiencies of the circuitry, phosphors, and other factors included in the average bulb. It all just goes to show just how horrendously inefficient incandescent bulbs are. 💡

[@tkermi]

@@davidh.4944 No, I'm talking about the absolute efficiency. I studied these for my work projects. You can find some info regarding top of the line efficiency for example by searching "From physics to fixtures to food: current and potential LED efficacy"

[@yvonnemiezis5199]

Light,always fascinating, thanks 👍😊

[@alanhyland5697]

Hello wonderful Anton

[@danecowan3062]

Thanks you my friend!

[@darylbrown8834]

I think it's funny how it is implied that we've discovered the first organism that had bioluminescence' when after all' we don't know.

[@johncarter1150]

Bioluminescent earthworms, too

[@Hellbender8574]

Were some of the Ediacaran squooshies bioluminescent? Like those jellyfish and that kind of sea pen that glows when you touch it? That would have looked so cool.

[@swedensbestrapper]

fascinating!

[@Mikkelltheimmortal]

I learned recently that humans are also slightly bioluminescent. Researchers still don't know why, I'm not sure they know how either, but we all glow. It's just so dim that you can't see it.

[@kashvigandhi5372]

Great video! Pls make the sound clearer...just a suggestion

[@cameron1376]

Such tiny critters playing with light better than we do!

[@UnderTheRugAgain]

The simplest explanation is that these creatures have reached enlightenment. 👽😇

[@user-wo6qn3vf9n]

All bioluminesent creatures have now been fitted with low voltage high brightness LEDs, when first fitted with light bulbs in the 1960s there was a lot of problems with water getting in and short circuiting the equipment. Even with good insulation the problem still persisted, and 800v electricity supply give rise to electrocuting everything around for miles. As time has go by the technology now has perfected the problem. And at the start only white bulbs were available, but thankfully now with LEDs any number of colours are in use.

[@phaedrussocrates7636]

Thank you

[@Shaden0040]

another you're correct they do miss this aisle stage but the blanket stage is called a motile stage.

[@SpydrXIII]

why don't we turn the lights off with ROV in the deep ocean and film (with special cameras) the light show? or at the very least film with red light as to not scare away animals with the ROV's bright white light. we could learn so much from turning the lights out.

[@philiphumphrey1548]

The problem with luminescence is it uses energy and gives your position away to anything and anyone that is interested. In an ocean full of predators, it's quite remarkable that its so common.

[@user-vf6rw9oj1z]

if i would be able to glow i would score 10x more

[@mattyounce2486]

Bioluminescent entities definitely get the imagination rolling, all the different information presented here most likely is as accurate as the scientists behind the biology release to the annals and journals of present day. Someday when the boundaries of science meet the impenetrable barrier of totality in the grace of evolutionary civilization we’ll be able to genetically modify attributes to utilize bioluminescence as an medicinal and effective alternative to present day limitations.

[@ratreptile]

2:46 Archeological record, not paleontologial?? TRIGGERED. In all seriousness though this topic intrests me quite a lot, and I do not know why. Really good video!

[@annoyed707]

Going by your Vader shirt, it was the medichlorians.

[@goiterlanternbase]

I recently discovered the "Boring Billion" and its funny colored oceans. You should give them a try.

[@BrianFedirko]

Maybe it's just about energy. Looks aren't everything, and earlier on with simple life it actually meant nothing because sensing color wasn't a thing yet, and everything pretty much has to be a color. Color doesn't have to have a "reason". Energy is a much better "reason" for any living organism. Gr8! Peace ☮💜Love

[@OrgusDin]

Terry knew.

[@Exit311]

Let there be light

[@ProgRockDan1]

Interesting

[@metatechnologist]

Theres a bacteria that glows too.

[@SamtheIrishexan]

Bacteria can do pretty much everything. Learning how to gentically engineer it is key to converting planets to atmospheres we can breathe IMO. Using in situ or minimum salting to set of a chain reaction.

[@The-House-Of-Kastrioti]

@Anton Petrov; Hello Wonderful Person 👋 💫

[@mrazyone]

Woow alot of speculations

[@ihaveanunorigionalname]

0:41 WTF ANTON really are you trolling or did u ask woody from toy story to animate that

[@williambrasky3891]

Implant RGB LEDs around your groin! I’ve been saying this! Dare to become irresistible. Only 290 payments of $29.95. (Don’t act like your date strolling up with an underglow isn’t gonna make you want a closer look).

[@tkermi]

RGB / effect "buttocks plugs" have been a trend now in some Southeast Asian countries for few years already. Often used with a thin, see through skirt for late night parties.

[@Deletirium]

​​@@tkermi Um... I admire Asian culture in general, but I could've gone my entire life without that twinkling, colour-cycling image in my head... "Ugh," to the power of "Ew."

[@tkermi]

@@Deletirium 😅 Yeah, I think they are mainly used by ladies with profession related to partying and intimate services. Though some free spirited design seekers apparently wore them too.

[@osmosisjones4912]

Why not have vacuum areas that heat up

[@osmosisjones4912]

Could. An unwater intelligent species use it . Maybe an under civilization have more use of domesticating other species for their technology

[@DavidHughey-xu2ce]

Underwater civilizations would be unlikely to invent fire or something similar, even if they were amphibious and figured out how to use above ground fires they would probably be doomed. Besides that they need agriculture as well. It seems unlikely to me that an underwater civilization would progress past hunter gatherers. A very advanced pre fire underwater culture would be unlikely to even progress to the heights of human aztecs even if they had farming because they still wouldn’t have fire.

[@hibbs1712]

94…. NINETY FOUR separate cases of life converging on a biological creation of light Mindblowing

[@megamushroom]

2:20 WHAT IS THAT

[@goodtohaveinajam8148]

Anton, do you know of any experiments involving animals and ultra-violet light? I think scorpions, for example light up. Why is that? Must be others.

[@nicholasslide6788]

If the corals so ancient developped that tactic, the reason for the tactics must be equally old

[@incircles36]

I know nothing in this regard, but is it at all possible that bioluminescence was the earlier solution for dissipating the extra energy, and it's use in metabolism came later? Genuine question.

[@John-wm6fg]

I Don’t Care Who Calls me a Sissy !!! Those Angler Fish are Some Freaking Scary Looking Fish and Just Because Science Probably Doesn’t Know for Sure , Could You imagine Diving and One of These the Size of a Pickup Truck is Coming at You or more Likely Teasing You Close Enough To Bite with its Glowing Antenna Tip !!!! Talk about Prehistoric Looking !!!!

[@Trihalo42]

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) "The future question for naturalists will be how, for instance, cattle got their horns and not for what they are used."

[@nyyppa7956]

1:29 Just making sure someone points out that the most efficient commercially available LEDs have around 50% efficiency. Still nowhere near as impressive as bioluminescence but the light technology is already over twice as efficient than what it was a decade ago.

[@RlsIII-uz1kl]

They've developed more efficient led's using the structure of the lightning bug.

[@kevinsayes]

I think describing evolution like it’s doing something, even though we know what you mean, fuels the scientifically illiterate and dishonest among us into ascribing some deistic will to it. The way I understand the process is: for whatever chemical reason and mutation, some coral started to react to touch and glow, and that made them more likely to survive, thus that’s what in fact survived. Millions and millions of generations and years is truly hard to grasp, but that’s what it takes.

[@zatobravehart7468]

It may fuel it, but it's Human nature to apply human traits to none sapient concepts. Like death and the grim reaper. It's difficult to break this instinct for most people since we in-part evolved to do so. It's a complete superstition, true, but unavoidable even for academics as they too are Human.

[@SuppressionInstagram-zm9yx]

The thing behind god is intent or not , and as the first comment said, it’s in our nature because we use intention,it would be almost weird to be sure about only one thing : god doesn’t exist , and doubt everything else or accept “ we don’t know yet “ for everything except god ….see what I mean ? It’s just weird

[@MCsCreations]

Learn to deal with it, dude. Don't be a snowflake.

[@naamadossantossilva4736]

So,do they know what the "inactive" version is?

[@DwaynedPearce]

Bioluminescence = dark forest deference

[@amandalynn6350]

❤❤❤❤

[@nomdeguerre7265]

💡

[@sttone1969]

Also why do we have an atmosphere? from the perspective of, why is it still here?

[@shanent5793]

1:23 90% of the time, it works every time!

[@Hansulf]

Damn, I didn't know LEDs were that inefficient

[@chillingwarmly5155]

I can bioluminescent too just in the infra-red

[@oscarsalas102]

Anton, what happened at the end of your video? It looked like someone forced you to smile when you were angry 😂

[@Piccolo_Sun]

👁👁👁 very good

[@CHESSZILLA]

I thought all animals were radiating light but we couldn’t see it. Like we produce heat heat is light. But it’s like infrared????

[@Shaden0040]

basically these creatures reverse photosynthesis instead of collecting light to produce sugars and oxygen they use the oxygen and mayor probably sugars to create light. so his reverse photosynthesis

[@robertunderwood1011]

Good point !

[@rogerc7960]

Aluminium/oxygen magnetics are mysterious.

[@osmosisjones4912]

Oxygen actually traps energy. Instead of blocking both ways

[@Psillytripper]

Like galaxies

[@palfers1]

Sorry Anton, but gotta fact check you here. 1, The statement that bioluminescence is universally 90% efficient isn't quite accurate. It's a highly efficient process, but the exact efficiency can vary depending on the organism. 2. LEDs can translate a whopping 80-90% of the energy they consume into light.

[@Giantcrabz]

Note to self: buy glowsticks before going on a date

[@MacShrike]

Hi Anton, I'm guessing that why the luminescence went extinct is because it either; didn't work or worked too well =)). Thx for your sharing your interests. X M