This video in a nutshell: at first it seemed to be working, but then it slowed down
@NileRed7 жыл бұрын
Yes
@abhishekgourav61446 жыл бұрын
TheGinginator14 at the end Nile was like "burn maufaka, burn"...😂
@jhuemiller6 жыл бұрын
So I smashed it with a hammer. :)
@jayashreelaxmekuppuswami86003 жыл бұрын
@@NileRed love you and your channel so much.....it's a personification of love for chemistry.....the attention to every single step shows your excitement about the whole thing and adda to the meaning of the whole endeavour. Thank you
@Xnoob5453 жыл бұрын
1000th like
@christinawhaley77 жыл бұрын
That pitiful "eeehh nooo" was great. Awesome video!
@NileRed7 жыл бұрын
haha, I clearly didnt care
@notable8117 жыл бұрын
NileRed How do you decide who to respond back to? Random?
@oscill8ocelot7 жыл бұрын
Don't be cry anxious human
@comradegarrett12027 жыл бұрын
anxious human i'm pretty sure if you're early, say something intelligent, and aren't a neonazi (see above) he tries to answer
@notable8117 жыл бұрын
Garrett Norris I wish I was able to understand your comment
@jjathan69397 жыл бұрын
hi nile-on
@jjathan69397 жыл бұрын
Please give me some hope
@HarshKS23 жыл бұрын
Underrated
@ZacGames33 жыл бұрын
@@jjathan6939 Your hope has been granted. This comment was hearted!
@mysticmonkey90573 жыл бұрын
@@ZacGames3 ur 3 years late
@ZacGames33 жыл бұрын
@@mysticmonkey9057 Idc lmao. I said the thing that was needed to be said.
@ethanspira36577 жыл бұрын
What I love about your channel is that you aren't afraid to show your mistakes and failures. We all have to remember that chemistry really means "Chem is try"!
@RushilFernandes7 жыл бұрын
Aha! The old no high temperature oil problem. So here's a pretty straightforward solution: put your heating element and RB in a dish and add sand. The sand transfers heat uniformly to the entire flask and there's plenty of thermal inertia to keep the temperature constant. This is what we use if we go well over 200°C (which, thankfully, isn't all that often). Silicone oil isn't a really good option as the high temperature stuff is crazy expensive.
@boyorougesauvage85843 жыл бұрын
Now it makes sense why they use this method to make coffee in some countries
@juststevoo3 жыл бұрын
@@boyorougesauvage8584 ah, a Turkish coffee enthusiast.
@limeylime80274 жыл бұрын
Procedure: asks for pear shaped flask and oil bath Nilered: does neither Procedure: doesn’t work Nilered: oh come on it was supposed to work
@jasonl872011 ай бұрын
He was distracted because i sent him my dick pic acid. He mentioned it a bunch in the video
@RaycrowX9 ай бұрын
😂😂😂
@oscill8ocelot7 жыл бұрын
"Ooooh nooh!" xD Thank you for leaving that in! xD
@zanpekosak23837 жыл бұрын
dzScritches When? I kinda missed it.
@Axymerion7 жыл бұрын
BeGamerSl 15:42 :)
@zanpekosak23837 жыл бұрын
Axymerion Thanks!☺
@iwouldshipyoubutno76766 жыл бұрын
dzScritches I know, right!😂😆😂😆😂 That was just perfect!
@RoroTheDeer7 жыл бұрын
That "Oh no!" was so cute omg
@thecrudelab32046 жыл бұрын
Yes
@brighamruud50903 жыл бұрын
Cringe
@coda563 жыл бұрын
@@brighamruud5090 shup :Jhkgfg v
@brighamruud50903 жыл бұрын
We must inform simps of their cringiness
@coda563 жыл бұрын
@@brighamruud5090 oh my i guess i found youtube last night, i was very very drunk lol
@TheRedKnight1017 жыл бұрын
Nylon Red
@b3ni0415 жыл бұрын
Make meth
@tripletoruses7 жыл бұрын
I need that audio at 15:45 as my ringtone ahaha, that's so adorable
@qoisant10156 жыл бұрын
ikr
@PuffleFuzz3 жыл бұрын
“Neeehhhh”
@nilnileer3 ай бұрын
Send me download link please
@nilnileerАй бұрын
15:41
@MrSandvik4 жыл бұрын
I have such respect for your honest presentations. You don't edit out faults or anomalies, and you openly puzzle when things don't happen as expected. Still, you maintain a calm and scholarly presentation that even non-chemists like myself can thoroughly enjoy.
@ReaperUnreal7 жыл бұрын
That's pretty neat, I'd be interested in seeing the oil bath and pear flask method, but this is still really interesting.
@NileRed7 жыл бұрын
Yeah, I really didnt think it was going to make such a big difference. Ill try it again "properly" sometime in the future
@Jefferson-ly5qe7 жыл бұрын
+NileRed Check out Daniel Forsman's comment too. He seems to have a pretty good idea of how to get it to work better
@kinetikx7 жыл бұрын
Why do you need silicon oil? Basically you would have been making a double boiler like would be used in any kitchen, but instead of water you'd be using oil. Keep the heat source away from exposed oil and you should have been golden. The oil is just buffer to dissipate the heat, it shouldn't matter what it's made of. You could have used Crisco.
@danmatthiesen91606 жыл бұрын
kinetikx if you use some food grade oil, the smoke point and flame point will be way too low to get to the temperature he needs. Which basically means his lab would be filled with smoke and fire before melting the salts
@PhantomGato-v-2 жыл бұрын
@@NileRed 4 years ago
@pseudonomen13777 жыл бұрын
Try melting it in argon instead of nitrogen. It's denser than air so it won't run away on you so easily. Nylon will melt nicely, but you gotta keep the oxygen out so it doesn't keep turning into a black/brown mess!
@elephystry5 жыл бұрын
Nerd!
@m8sonmiller7 жыл бұрын
Upvoted for your incredibly genuine reaction
@georgemartin22214 жыл бұрын
Spontaneous reaction
@voldemortsnose73364 жыл бұрын
Redditor?
@wishingwell_3333 жыл бұрын
@@voldemortsnose7336 damn I knew there'd be someone he posted this when there wasn't a stigma against reddit lmfao
@Cryseris3 жыл бұрын
Redditors be like
@m8sonmiller3 жыл бұрын
Le Reddit Army has arrived ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°) ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°) ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)
@thesanitycoordinator82277 жыл бұрын
15:32 *smack, smack, smack* When scientists get mad :D
@davidducey90715 жыл бұрын
The Sanity Coordinator More like 16:02.
@MeleeTiger4 жыл бұрын
"I'll try making nylon again in the future" Me: Looks at date of video, looks a current date, hmm...
@playerkgaming6283 жыл бұрын
Same, but a year later lmao
@sebastianriz47032 жыл бұрын
Hmm
@gengagengar-r55197 жыл бұрын
I liked how you did your other video on nylon so much I was able to get my chemistry teacher to show it! Keep up the great work!
@NileRed7 жыл бұрын
thanks! :)
@Felixkeeg7 жыл бұрын
No surprise, they use his videos in the ochem beginners lab in uni as well to explain stuff^^
@DehimVerveen7 жыл бұрын
Yea, my Chemistry teacher has made nylon-6,10 using sebacoyl dichloride and hexane-1,6-diamine. I wonder could you try to make aramid using the same method?
@feniandescendent61637 жыл бұрын
NileRed make a video on how to make ethyl rubbing alcohol drinkable!
@feniandescendent61637 жыл бұрын
NileRed or how to extract myrestycin from nutmeg
@justinpatterson77007 жыл бұрын
Some nice plasticy sounds -NileRed 2017
@from_mind_to_myons15617 жыл бұрын
I did this reaction during one of my labs. We did it in toluene, with toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst. Of course in an oil bath, but one interesting thing is that we added really small glass balls to the flask. Worked really well, but on the other hand you need to remove the toluene with a rotary evaporator/distillation, and then precipitate it in methanol. We didn't work under nitrogen. I can send you the procedure, but I would have to translate it from German first :D
@nicholasneyhart3963 жыл бұрын
Could you post the process, I can help with translating if needed. I think that would be great for hobbyists.
@jezuschrishthowlongarethes35587 жыл бұрын
Been here for three years still love the videos
@user-jb9nb7gz7o7 жыл бұрын
I dont think I ever expected to laugh so hard while watching chemistry videos on KZbin the "eeehhhh nooo" was the highlight of my mediocre week
@ahrvat1237 жыл бұрын
If you need to use oil to heat something, try substituting it with sand. It'll take a bit longer but eventually it should work.
@hayleyc74795 жыл бұрын
please include more of your incredibly genuine reactions theyre gold
@shane2287 жыл бұрын
I'd love to see this again with the proper procedures if possible! Would be a really interesting example of how important certain procedures are!
@NileRed7 жыл бұрын
I will eventually come back to it!
@anidnmeno7 жыл бұрын
"I just flat out smashed it with a hammer." SCIENCE, BITCHES
@MontseLC7 жыл бұрын
Anidn Menoscwicz I just burst into laughter. I imagine that the guy was just tired of this s***t and jammed the heat gun into the vase. "YOU. ARE. GOING. TO. MELT."
@RicardoOliveiraRGB4 жыл бұрын
Chemistry is fascinating! But besides being so hard, when he says "What's really happening is unknown" makes me believe chemistry is not "so exact", which makes it harder to learn/understand
@StonedtotheBones133 жыл бұрын
This is surprisingly true of a lot of science. It makes me wonder what humans will discover in the future, and what science will even look like. But to add to the chemistry is not so precise pile: a drug I take should not be taken with alcohol. Normally this is because it increases drowsiness or dizziness and I rarely have issue with those. However the warnings were vague. So I looked it up. And would you guess it? Yup, the exact mechanism of the interaction with the drug and alcohol is unknown.
@StonedtotheBones132 жыл бұрын
@Sabir Lucianno see, that's neat, but would be super helpful in like addressing the opioid crisis. But you rarely hear about it
@StonedtotheBones132 жыл бұрын
@Sabir Lucianno I wonder if it's a matter of getting the right info to the right people, or money. Probably both
@deucemcallister137 жыл бұрын
this started feeling like a comedy towards the end
@SianaGearz7 жыл бұрын
Looked more like a tragedy to me.
@vukjagodic17066 жыл бұрын
15:43 Top 10 sadest anime deaths
@gristlevonraben7 жыл бұрын
I am not skilled in laboratory experiments, but I was thinking of a way to make artificial amber. As you know, amber is a type of fossilized sap, they think from a pine tree, but really, it was from several types of trees. It would drop off and when covered by ash or mud where animals could not get to it, it would stay covered for almost a million years, until the last hundred or so, drifted up from mountain ranges or uncovered from water and wind erosion. It is a polymerized from of sap, more than a fossilized form of sap. I was looking up polymerization methods, and it appears that ultra violet light aids and speeds many types of polymerization. I was going to heat the sap and zap it with a long period of ultraviolet light to see if I could make artificial amber. What do you think about this, Sir?
@CGoody56427 жыл бұрын
"I recovered a small piece, and smashed it again"... For science!
@LateNightHacks7 жыл бұрын
Nylon is cool and stuff, but how do you make Teflon (PTFE)? :D some engineering plastics like POM would be really cool as well
@AussieChemist7 жыл бұрын
Synthesis of Teflon requires the use of hydrofluoric acid, it is a notoriously dangerous substance, it is not a good idea to do it at a house you are living in so I doubt Nile is gonna do it
@Jefferson-ly5qe7 жыл бұрын
No joke about HF, most of the labs at my uni won't handle the stuff
@CatNolara7 жыл бұрын
Yeah, you can't even put it into glass containers because they will just corrode away.
@GogiRegion6 жыл бұрын
In the US you have to have a special HF license to be allowed to buy any. S
@Sevi_47384 жыл бұрын
It's really hard to work with PTFE because u can not melt and Form it like nylon. You have to press it.
@BronzeManul7 жыл бұрын
Ehhhhrr noo
@CrayfishCraig4 жыл бұрын
Was gonna like but the nice number
@marcmarc1727 жыл бұрын
This is, by far, the best NileRed video!
@a1ph4bet_s0up5 жыл бұрын
My chemistry teacher taught us how to make nylon :) I'm not sure which kind it was, probably the kind from the last video, but he taught us that it was very easy using polyvinyl alcohol and acetone. All you have to do is pour PVA into a beaker, stick in a glass stir rod, and pour the acetone down the rod so the acetone lays on top. Stir it around and pull out the rod; where the two liquids meet creates nylon!
@GarryDeWitt5 жыл бұрын
The amount of “At first, but then” in this video makes me cry. Kudos to sticking through the pain till you got it!
@erictaylor54624 жыл бұрын
It's kind of funny how often you say "...and I'm not sure why." or something like it. It's part of what makes your videos fun to watch, so don't stop doing it.
@mateusfelipecota7 жыл бұрын
There's some motor oils that can reach more than 400 °C without any problems. It isn't the right way to do but it can be used to do the hot oil bath
@NileRed7 жыл бұрын
hmm, that didnt even occur to me
@nepheo52434 жыл бұрын
*Ahn naœ~~* So adorable..😍
@evelynedwards19374 жыл бұрын
I love that you just gave no shits towards the end😂
@dvsrl82096 жыл бұрын
who else made a repeating clip of his "ooohhhh nnnnno"
@Lucylle5 жыл бұрын
It is 2019 I am 30 years old AND I JUST NOW REALIZED ITS CALLED A BEAKER BECAUSE IT HAS A BEAK!!!! Carry on.
@ykhiz5 жыл бұрын
When a spatula's more buff than you _I feel you_
@Kettengnom7 жыл бұрын
can you make a video about how to refine pigments out of plants? or how synthetic pigments like prussian blue could be made? i would love to see something like this. greetings from bavaria.
@satchice9102 Жыл бұрын
@ 13:50 - where NileRed is trying to pull out a string of fibre. I just want to say that my Dad worked at 'ICI Fibres' in the UK, where they manufactured nylon fibre products. The way it was done was that nylon chips, about the size of grains of rice, were melted using a gas called 'Thermex' (a commercial name rather than chemical name, I think) and then the melt was forced at pressure using a screw, through metal extrusion dies to form many fine strands. These strands were then spun together to form thicker threads, and then that thread was wound onto reels/bobbins. The nylon chips (the raw material) were manufactured at another factory (a chemical plant owned by Dow Chemicals, I think, or maybe they were bought out by ICI) and transported in.
@erictaylor54624 жыл бұрын
When using a pear shaped flask, how do you keep everything from going pear shaped?
@Lustrationes7 жыл бұрын
Do you think you could include the paper in your description? Just in case we want to read them?
@NileRed7 жыл бұрын
Oh yeah, sorry. I forgot. Ill add that now.
@Lustrationes7 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@kalrbaum7 жыл бұрын
I cried a little when you smashed the flask
@sofiafluttertail40657 жыл бұрын
You may want to use a high boiling point solvent to keep the polymer in solution as the chain length grows. For example, diglyme of diphenyl ether. Then once things have cooled down - dissolve the resulting mass into THF and precipitate into methanol or ethanol in a vigorously stirred beaker to obtain your final polymer - which has the added advantage that you can filter the solution before precipitation to remove any char or insoluble chunks and the final product you obtain will also be in a disperse, fine fiber that dries and can be handled easier than a solid mass.
@D5quared913 жыл бұрын
The Remington Nylon 66 was a 1950s-1980s era sporting rifle that was revolutionary due to its near entire construction of Nylon 6,6. Great video!
@ghostmanscores1666 Жыл бұрын
The world record wooden block toss record was set with one. They were black with a white diamond fore stock.
@JoylessHumper7 жыл бұрын
If you want another uniform heating method, specifically because an oil bath at 260°C is at a risk of polymerizing/degrading, try a sand bath. Either a variation using sand, alumina sand, copper beads, or iron shot. (Look at name brand LabArmor beads for an idea of what I'm talking about) Fill a large porcelain boiling dish which fits your heating mantle with the sand or metal of your choice, and it keeps the temperature pretty consistent and allows you fit things into it for more uniform, higher temperature heating. Could allow for you to wrap in some foil and still have a window for viewing and depending on what you're doing it could allow for a nice contrast in colors to help with seeing it.
@spidermcgavenport87677 жыл бұрын
Thank you NileRed for showing this. Much appreciated.
@lederps6 жыл бұрын
That genuine reaction tho lol 🤣💕🆒🔂
@sethkunert62342 жыл бұрын
For even heating, shape is critical. Go for a bowl instead of a disk. Have glass ball just sitting on the initial materials so it will have that upside down dome shape when/before it is polymerizing
@Vixeneye17 жыл бұрын
I love your approach to these things. It makes me feel like you genuinely give these things a go just because you can. Also, I love your vids!
@Satelitko7 жыл бұрын
All this careful chemistry at the start, and at the end - HIT IT WITH THINGS!
@ethanford10186 жыл бұрын
I have no idea what is going on 90 percent of the time but I love your videos. I watch one every night before I go to bed lol. I have always wondered but never asked, What does your name mean?
@matmegalos2 жыл бұрын
All I know is that when they produce plastic parts, they don't melt the material by applying heat, but by applying pressure and generating friction, which in turn produces heat of course. Search injection molding. So that's maybe why the parts come out clean, but yours gets carbonized. Also maybe this process structures the long molecules better together and makes the product elastic, in contrast with your brittle result. But I guess all these are out of the scope of chemistry. Great video!
@rachelzielinski80194 жыл бұрын
11:45 forbidden english muffin w/ margarine lol 11:53 without margarine
@4eversquidsisters266 Жыл бұрын
Nile at first: trying really patiently to melt the mixture Nile in the end: **”blast it.”**
@r1w3d7 жыл бұрын
Looks like I'm buying some glass haha. Awesome video
@azimalif2666 жыл бұрын
Incredibly genuine reaction.😁
@bastianlipka2406 Жыл бұрын
The moment when you really pause to look at the reaction because you are writing a test about the topic tomorrow 😂😂😂
@acmilanshevachels7 жыл бұрын
silicone oil would not have been much help as it would decompose at 220C in just after two uses or so. it would definitely not withstand 270C. there is high temp silicone available but even then, not meant for 270C usage. oil baths can be limiting in that sense.
@danielf36237 жыл бұрын
I think the air/nitrogen insulated the salt. Probably could have started the polymerization process from a concentrated salt solution in water. Sort of like making candy, the boiling point would go up as the concentration increased. At 210C you should reach a steady state of water production from the reaction to boiling point, until you've fully reacted at 270C and you should have fully polymerized polyamide. Maintaining heat after that is just to drive off the leftover water so it doesn't weaken the end product.
@willkern67 жыл бұрын
+1 to this... since you are already producing H2O as a side-product of the rxn, drying the salt seems like an unnecessary, and long step... instead of vaccuum-dessicating the salt, add enough just enough water to dissolve, then run the rxn, and see what that gets you... the extra alcohol should evaporate immediately, and the water will act just like the water produced from the dehydration synthesis.
@hiothezebra6 жыл бұрын
Polymerisation occurs at a temperature far far higher than water's boiling point, so I don't think that would work. Even saturated with salt.
@randomthingthatexists31873 жыл бұрын
Nylon: Doesn't want to melt Nile: So anyway, I started blasting.
@davidcallahan36154 жыл бұрын
Made this stuff in high school, using your previous method, then got hit with the synthesis method in organic lab on college. Nylon is sooo much fun for teachers to assign to lab students. Maybe teachers these days can find more polymers to demonstrate for their students. Even using the junk they sell at Walmart to create an epoxy.
@davidcallahan36154 жыл бұрын
Outstanding demonstration. Hopefully enough college lab instructors learn that your generation of students a break here & move in to other exciting polymerizations to demo this process.
@divyanshugogna61524 жыл бұрын
man i had a failure doing your lactose extraction prac from milk i dont know why, but i am happy to try your experiments in my 1st year chemistry. your experiments are super fun, although they are quite difficult and somehow dont work always for me. Trying the luminol prac at the moment hopefully that one works.
@LilanDeSilva3 жыл бұрын
15:44 Incredibly genuine.
@jasonm24775 жыл бұрын
it would be cool to see a series on plastics in general, a lot of interesting chemestry that can be relatable since its so heavily integrated into our day to day lives
@Nyaimacat7 жыл бұрын
time for some Nile and his nylon 6,6 ASMR
@Krankie_V7 жыл бұрын
Is there actually a purpose for the big white square printed on the beakers, or is it kind of just... there?
@NileRed7 жыл бұрын
It is used to mark the contents of the beaker or whatever note you want to make. Honestly, I never use it though.
@braceharvey7 жыл бұрын
Krankie V if I need to label a beaker or something I always use stick on lables because I inevitably will erase the dry erase on the beaker.
@AC0KG7 жыл бұрын
It's for writing labels, makes it easy to see what you've written.
@ElectraFlarefire7 жыл бұрын
A lot of the time I've seen pencil used on them, the texture is perfect for them. The graphite isn't effected by temperature or a lot of reactants. Plus you can rub it off again later.
@danz98105 жыл бұрын
@@AC0KG What do you use to write on the beakers? Dry erase, sharpie, pencil, crayon? What writes then comes off?
@cando96095 жыл бұрын
I made some peanut brittle once that exhibited very similar characteristics to your sample. How did yours taste?
@bogbert70192 жыл бұрын
Nylon: breaks NileRed: aaUUGHH naaaouuhhh
@navneethbabra25927 жыл бұрын
hey in our glovebox, we purge the antechamber the same way with nitrogen and then vacuum. we use it so potassium degrades slower so we can seal off an ampoule with other elements to make crystals, mostly inorganic chemistry and solid state chemistry
@braxtonvice6335 жыл бұрын
Love how honest you are. Great videos; really enjoy them.
@creaky24364 жыл бұрын
Nile can literally make water. Shit's bananas.
@connerkubitz72083 жыл бұрын
One man's "metal spatula" is another man's dab tool I suppose
@alicehargest5 жыл бұрын
hahah your little 'oh no!' reminded me of the noises the undo button made in Kid Pix waaayyy back at primary school
@littlebee9315 жыл бұрын
15:44 👌
@phallusaurus7 жыл бұрын
How about a video on synthesising Glyphosate (RoundUp)? It would be interesting to make then test on some plants or GMOs that are resistant to glyphosate
@Jbrimbelibap5 жыл бұрын
Nile loves Nylon surprisingly
@jacoblanctot23357 жыл бұрын
Even though the video was not a complete success thank you for showing us your efforts
@xuNsh1ne5 жыл бұрын
16:41 Now just for a final test that I forgot to do earlier I'm just gonna piss against it
@flailios7 жыл бұрын
It appeared like the plastic had become tempered (hardened), or is it vulcanised? In any respect, I think you're right about the heat. An even application of heat will stop the material becoming brittle. Its a shame stirring is impractical in that setup, because it would likely help a lot.
@paolapavarotti13507 жыл бұрын
My heart broke along with the flask☹️☹️
@LifeLikeSage7 жыл бұрын
That starting clip is sick. You're spinning it like a spider.
@Ascom7257 жыл бұрын
Your polymerization would be much better if you'd use nylon salt 55% in water solution, that's concentration we use on larger scale production, as the water is evaporated the viscosity will increase and in the end you'll have a nylon polymer.
@Ascom7257 жыл бұрын
Also your nylon salt became yellow due to exposure to oxygen.
@gamecube-de6bm4 жыл бұрын
i don't know why i laughed so hard at that 'oooh nuu :( ' you did
@patricksweetman32857 жыл бұрын
Nile Red, a heat transfer fluid would be something to look into. In the flask with the reactants, I mean. Maybe silicone oil or paraffin wax ... or even a eutectic salt mixture ... or lead metal or alloy. Something that will transmit the heat evenly but will not react ... and is easily removed afterwards.
@Videoswithsoarin6 жыл бұрын
Aluminum is a metal so it's a conductor not an insulator and isn't actually holding the heat in.
@Kevin-lh6xu7 жыл бұрын
Hit it with a blowtorch when it was in the nitro setup. Also use a flask that can evenly spread the heat like mettle. Dont use glass
@ricky107_4 жыл бұрын
Basically only understood the word water but I love watching these xD
@colddude11327 жыл бұрын
I have a question. so I got bored and I hooked up a 9v battery to lead free solder and I used it as electrodes in a salt water solution and alot of white stuff is coming off of it. could you possibly tell me what's happening and what's its producing?
@willkern67 жыл бұрын
Hey Cold Dude: congrats on your experimentation! The phenomenon you are experiencing is a result of electrolysis - and is some pretty cool science. When you dissolve salt in water (assuming regular table salt, NaCl) it breaks down into its component ions - Sodium and Chloride ions (Na+ and Cl-). The presence of these ions is what allows electricity to flow in the liquid. Because these ions are charged particles, they are attracted to the positive and negative electrodes. The Cl- like all anions (negative-charged ions), will move towards the positive electrode (the anode), whilst the Na+ (a cation, or negative ion) will migrate towards the negative electrode (the cathode). The migrating ions carry charge through the solution and hence help to complete the circuit. Then Cl- ions reach the anode (positive side), they interact by giving off an electron. After donating their electrons, the Cl atoms form a diatomic (two-atom) molecule of Cl2 gas (which you see as bubbles). At the same time, the metal of the anode produces positive metal ions. Since lead-free solder can contain many things (tin, copper, silver, bismuth, indium, zinc, antimony) you might have various kinds of metal ions produced, but the process is the same - a metal ion (for example tin [Sn2+] or copper [Cu2+]) is released from the metal into the water, and because it is positive, it is attracted to the negative electrode (the cathode) On the other side, the cathode (negative side) donates electrons (remember electrons are negative) to hydrogen ions (H+) in the water, which makes hydrogen gas (again which you will see as bubbles). The metal ions from the other side also pick up electrons, and they return to their metallic state, building up on the cathode. In your experiment you noticed that white material building up - my guess is that it is a mixture of tin, zinc, antimony, or whatever other components the solder electrode is made of. You will notice in your circuit that the cathode gains weight, while the anode loses mass. This phenomenon of "migrating" metal using electricity is used for "electroplating" - so next time you see something that is gold or silver-plated, you now know how they do it.
@colddude11327 жыл бұрын
WCKern thank you
@qoisant10156 жыл бұрын
WCKern Could you please watch my video on the science of glow stick and maybe point out some mistakes that I may have made? I'm 13 btw
@therealjammit7 жыл бұрын
I don't know if this would help, but the flash point of most synthetic oils (the stuff you put in cars) is around 230C. Might be cheaper than silicon oil.
@jonathanmadison123 жыл бұрын
7:50 forbidden mashed potatoes
@Shadow__X4 жыл бұрын
maybe this is just a chemistry thing but it's wierd how chilled you are with breaking glass stuff
@Twitchinout4 жыл бұрын
1:51 best bowl piece ever
@EarlofDestruction7 жыл бұрын
I wonder if you have thought about more synthesis under pressure (like you did in the hydrogenation video). They are quite uncommon to see in amateur chemistry.
@NileRed7 жыл бұрын
They are quite hard to do because you need specialized equipment. I wanted to make salicylic acid by the kolbe schmitt reaction but its too much pressure. I can do it another way though, which would be only at a slight pressure.