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This experiment demonstrates why Maxwell's equations had problems with the motion before Einstein's special relativity was introduced. It is an experiment where according to Maxwell's equations when there is a current in the conductor, a magnetic field around appears. The force on the charged particle is then proportional to the velocity of the particle but there is no objective way to determine its velocity since we expect the Galilean Principle of Relativity to hold. The problem is cured by the phenomena of special relativity in particular the length contraction which causes the charge densities inside the conductor to depend on the observer.
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